CN108914884B - Construction method for Reynolds slope protection in severe cold area - Google Patents
Construction method for Reynolds slope protection in severe cold area Download PDFInfo
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- CN108914884B CN108914884B CN201810833245.0A CN201810833245A CN108914884B CN 108914884 B CN108914884 B CN 108914884B CN 201810833245 A CN201810833245 A CN 201810833245A CN 108914884 B CN108914884 B CN 108914884B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method of a Reynolds slope protection in a severe cold area, which comprises the following steps: 1: marking the control position and the elevation point of the Reynolds protection pad on the slope surface, cleaning and shaping the slope surface according to the designed slope ratio, and driving a pile protection to protect; 2: laying a layer of heat preservation felt on the cleaned slope surface, wherein the heat preservation felt is laid and naturally loosened from bottom to top to be firmly attached to the slope surface supporting layer; 3: a layer of non-woven fabric is laid from bottom to top, and the non-woven fabric cannot be folded and suspended; 4: covering by using a sand gravel cushion layer, and compacting by using a compacting machine, wherein the thickness of the compacted sand gravel cushion layer is 8-12 cm; 5: manually assembling the Reynolds nets, and sequentially arranging and installing the Reynolds nets in place along the slope; 6: filling Reynolds stone, and manually placing and finishing the stone in the gabion; 7: and covering the qualified gabion and covering the gabion with soil. The invention provides a construction method of a Reynolds slope protection in a severe cold area by taking heat preservation measures on the slope protection, which is used for reducing the thickness of a frozen soil layer so as to reduce the influence of a melting and sinking effect on the slope.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of water conservancy and hydropower, and particularly relates to a construction method of a Reynolds slope protection in a severe cold area.
Background
Reynolds slope protection construction originates from europe, has been in development for over one hundred years, and generally adopts a box-shaped design. In engineering application, the net cage is often divided into a Reynolds protection pad and a gabion according to the difference of the height of the net cage. The Reynolds protection pad has small height and relatively large length and width, is often used as a large-area slope protection and is called as the Reynolds slope protection in engineering; the gabion is large in height and small in width, is often used as a foot fixing structure at the slope foot of the dam and is called as gabion foot fixing in engineering; usually, both are often used in combination in revetment works. The Reynolds protection pad and the gabion are used in projects such as hydraulic engineering, river regulation, embankment slope protection and ecological river construction, and have the advantages of scour prevention, contribution to river ecological environment recovery and the like. At present, the projects adopting Reynolds protection pads are increased day by day in China, and the Reynolds protection pads are popularized in places such as Guangdong, Hunan, Xinjiang, Hubei, Heilongjiang and the like, but at present, the research on the Reynolds protection slope is relatively less because frozen soil layers are easily generated in severe cold or high altitude areas.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a construction method of a Reynolds slope protection in a severe cold area by taking heat preservation measures on the slope protection so as to reduce the thickness of a frozen soil layer and further reduce the influence of a melting and sinking effect on the slope.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a construction method of a Reynolds protection slope in a severe cold area comprises the following steps:
step 1: lofting according to a design drawing, marking a control position and a height point of the Reynolds protection pad on the slope, cleaning and shaping the slope according to a design slope ratio, so that the slope has no obvious concave-convex part and meets the slope rate of the slope, and well driving a protection pile for protection;
step 2: laying a layer of heat preservation felt on the cleaned slope surface, wherein the heat preservation felt is laid and naturally loosed from bottom to top to be tightly attached to the slope surface supporting layer without folds and hanging, and adjacent heat preservation felts are spliced;
and step 3: laying a layer of non-woven fabric on the heat preservation felt, wherein the slope non-woven fabric is laid from bottom to top, and the non-woven fabric is naturally loosened and cannot be folded or suspended;
and 4, step 4: after the non-woven fabric is laid, a sand gravel cushion layer is adopted for covering in time and is compacted by a compacting machine, and the thickness of the compacted sand gravel cushion layer is 8-12 cm;
and 5: manually assembling the qualified Reynolds nets, and sequentially arranging and installing the Reynolds nets in place along the slope;
step 6: filling Reynolds stones with a long-arm hooking machine, and manually placing and finishing the stones in the gabion;
and 7: and covering the qualified gabion and covering the gabion with soil.
Further, the heat insulation felt adopted in the step 2 is an aerogel heat insulation felt, and is a flexible heat insulation felt formed by compounding nano silica aerogel and an inorganic fiber material through a special process.
Furthermore, the non-woven fabric in the step 3 adopts a sewing mode, and the sewing width of two sewing positions is not less than 10 cm.
Further, the sand gravel cushion in the step 4 is carried out within 12 hours of the non-woven fabric laying.
Further, in the step 5, the contact surfaces of the adjacent Reynolds protection pads are twisted by steel wires.
Furthermore, in the step 6, the height of 2.5-3 cm should be kept during stone filling, so as to ensure that the top elevation meets the design requirement after settlement.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following positive effects: by adopting the technical scheme, the Reynolds slope protection construction is carried out in the alpine region, the test section construction is carried out, the heat preservation felt is laid to achieve a good heat preservation effect on the slope, and the maximum frozen soil layer is reduced from the original 2m to 0.6m through the field actual measurement, so that the influence of the freeze thawing effect is reduced, and the flatness of the slope is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a construction method of the reynolds slope protection in the severe cold area in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a reynolds cushion in an embodiment of the present invention.
The labels in the figures are: 1. a cover plate; 2. a side plate; 3. a double partition plate; 4. a base plate; 5. and an end plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated and described below with reference to specific examples.
A construction method of a Reynolds protection slope in a severe cold area is shown in figure 1, a Reynolds protection pad and a check net cage in the slope are jointly used, the Reynolds protection pad is used in most places, and the check net cage is used as a foot fixing structure at the slope foot of a dam, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: construction preparation, namely, releasing the control position and the elevation point of the Reynolds protection pad according to a design drawing, and driving a protection pile for protection; cleaning a construction site, and inspecting the Reynolds protection mat and the stone filling material to be qualified after entering the site.
Step 2: and (3) slope surface treatment, wherein the slope surface is inspected and corrected by adopting a hanging line before construction, redundant earthwork is excavated by adopting an excavator, and the concave part of the pit is leveled and compacted by adopting the soil material which is the same as the base surface, so that the slope surface slope rate can meet the design requirement. After the slope is shaped for the first time, rolling and secondary shaping are carried out on the slope by adopting an 802 bulldozer or an excavator, and the slope does not have obvious unevenness before the construction of the Reynolds protection pad geotextile, so that the construction quality of the Reynolds protection pad is ensured.
And step 3: laying a layer of heat preservation felt on the slope surface after finishing slope surface correction, wherein the slope surface heat preservation felt is laid from bottom to top, the heat preservation felt is required to be naturally loosened and tightly adhered to the support layer, folds and suspension are not required, and adjacent heat preservation felts are tightly spliced and seamlessly; the heat preservation felt is an aerogel heat insulation felt, and is a flexible heat preservation felt formed by compounding nano silicon dioxide aerogel and an inorganic fiber material through a special process.
And 4, step 4: laying non-woven fabrics, namely laying a layer of non-woven fabrics on the heat-preservation felt, laying slope non-woven fabrics from bottom to top, connecting the non-woven fabrics by adopting a sewing method, laying the upper layer on the lower layer, and enabling the sewing length to be not less than 10 cm; when the non-woven fabric is laid, the non-woven fabric needs to be properly loosened, artificial hard folding and damage are avoided, the appearance of the non-woven fabric is checked at any time in the non-woven fabric laying process to determine whether defects such as damage, pockmarks, holes and the like exist, if the defects such as the holes exist, the defects are repaired by using the same kind of fresh base material, and each side of a repaired scar needs to exceed 20cm of a damaged part; in the laying process, an operator cannot wear hard sole leather shoes and shoes with nails, cannot use a steel bar with a sharp head as a prying tool, and is strictly prohibited from performing all construction operations which can cause damage to the non-woven fabric; all non-woven fabrics are all pressed down its four corners with sand bag or soft heavy object during laying, until the protective layer construction finishes, lay the non-woven fabrics and will all splice in the same day and accomplish, the non-woven fabrics is spread and is carried out sand gravel bed course within 12 hours after splicing finishes, otherwise take measures to protect temporarily, prevent ultraviolet irradiation and accelerate the non-woven fabrics ageing.
And 5: and (3) paving a sand gravel cushion layer, timely covering the sand gravel cushion layer by 10cm sand gravel after the non-woven fabric is paved, conveying qualified sand materials to the top of the dam from a sand gravel stock yard by using a dump truck, conveying the sand gravel cushion layer to a working face by using machinery, and manually laying stay wires according to a design drawing and a control elevation to ensure that the cushion layer side slope meets the design requirements and is compacted by a tamping machine.
Step 6: reynolds protection pad assembly, a Reynolds protection pad unit with double partitions 3 (shown in figure 2) is arranged on a flat and hard ground for assembly, and a two-person group mode is adopted: firstly, unfolding a folded net surface, correcting a bending deformation part in a mode of one end of a person for auxiliary traction and one person for forcibly treading forwards and downwards by feet, and then sequentially carrying out step-by-step development along the direction of a folding mark; special attention is paid to: the two ends of the double-partition board can not be pulled by force in the unfolding process, otherwise, the unfolded length is larger than the contract size, and the cover board 1, the side board 2 and the end board 5 can not be completely closed and twisted in the length direction in the covering process; and (3) erecting the partition plates, namely stepping the partition plates without mechanical creases at the bottoms towards two sides by feet, and then erecting the partition plates, so that the problems of insufficient height and inconsistent height of the partition plates caused by the reasons of inaccurate stepping positions or the like at one side are solved. Pressing the bottom edge line of the side plate or the end plate by using a wood plate, and folding the side plate or the end plate; it is ensured that the bottom plates 4 are in line and that the side plates have a sufficient height. Folding the front and rear long side plates, and twisting the partition plates with steel wires of 15cm in length to be connected with the side plates and the side plates to be connected with the side plates; the peripheral plates of the protection pad after being assembled are smooth, the hinge points are firm, and the upper edges of all the vertical panels are on the same horizontal plane.
And 7: reynolds protection pads are installed, for slope protection, the assembled Reynolds protection pads are placed on the designed position of the slope surface tightly and orderly, attention should be paid to the direction of the partition plate perpendicular to the slope surface in the placing process, the lengths of the lattices at the two ends of the protection pads are inconsistent, and attention should be paid to the uniform direction in the placing process, so that the corresponding partition plate and the corresponding side plate are ensured to be on the same straight line after installation; the protection pad is fixed on the top of the slope by long wooden piles, so that the protection pad is prevented from sliding downwards and being out of position to cause uneven top. After the Reynolds protection pads are sequentially arranged and installed in place, in order to form a complete structure, all adjacent empty protection pads are connected along the edges of the contact surfaces by steel wire rings or steel wires, and filling can be carried out; when the Reynolds protection pad is used in a turning section, the Reynolds protection pad can be processed by cutting or sleeving a Reynolds protection pad unit.
And 8: filling stone materials, namely filling the stone materials from the slope bottom to the slope top; filling towards the top of the slope one by one, so that the partition is prevented from being bent due to the fact that the partition is not fully filled and exposed, and meanwhile, stones on two sides of the side plate are filled simultaneously in order to prevent the side plate in the downslope direction from being bent and deformed towards two sides due to single-side filling; considering the settlement of stones, the filling should be carried out with the super height of 2.5-3 cm, and at least two layers of stones with different particle sizes are filled in the gabion; when filling stones, attention should be paid to not damage the coating on the gabion, and stones filled at the top in the Reynolds protection pad need to be placed manually, so that the porosity is reduced as much as possible, the porosity is not more than 30%, and the surface is ensured to be smooth. When the gabion mesh cage is constructed in the step, the gabion mesh cage is high in height, battens are additionally arranged on the left side and the right side of the gabion mesh cage along the height direction for supporting, and the mesh cage can be guaranteed to be straight; before stone filling, a self-made square cage is placed in the gabion, the four walls of the gabion can be supported, the bulging phenomenon is prevented, the square cage is formed by welding four steel plates with the thickness of 6mm and the length and width of 1m, and two steel pipes with the length of 1.5m are welded on the front side and the rear side of the square cage, so that manual placement is facilitated; 4 hoisting rings are welded on the upper portion of the square cage, so that after the stone materials are filled, the square cage can be lifted out through the hoisting ropes matched with the back shovel.
And step 9: before sealing construction is carried out on the Reynolds protection pad, a baffle plate which is bent during filling needs to be corrected, the filled stones are leveled, and finally, the horizontal edges and the longitudinal edges are ensured to be on the same straight line, the slope surface is leveled, and the phenomena of sinking and bulging do not exist; laying a cover plate, and twisting the edge of the cover and the edge of the side plate and the upper edge of the cover plate and the upper edge of the partition plate together by using a sheared steel wire with the length of 1.3 m; wherein the edges of the side plates and the edges of the cover plate which are close together are twisted together (4 edges are provided); during twisting, single and double turns are twisted at intervals of about 15cm, the twisting length of each cut steel wire is not more than 1m (generally, 1m long steel wires are used for twisting 1m long edges), and a steel ring is adopted for reinforcing at the interval of 15 cm; all the stranded steel wires are quantitatively configured, and the steel wires are saved according to requirements during construction, the steel wires are well kept, and the steel wires are prevented from being used wastefully as much as possible; in order to ensure that the foundation surface and the protection pad are not deformed by treading, the construction needs to be padded with wood boards, and personnel can not directly tread on the foundation to walk.
Step 10: checking, covering soil, checking the flatness and the plumpness of the slope protection one by one after construction is completed, uniformly spreading the excavated materials along the slope surface by using an excavator after the check is qualified, wherein the thickness of the excavated materials is 23-25 cm, and manually leveling local areas; during foot fixing construction, backfill needs to be tamped layer by layer to prevent settlement.
Claims (1)
1. A construction method of a Reynolds slope protection in a severe cold area is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: lofting according to a design drawing, marking a control position and a height point of the Reynolds protection pad on the slope, cleaning and shaping the slope according to a design slope ratio, so that the slope has no obvious concave-convex part and meets the slope rate of the slope, and well driving a protection pile for protection;
step 2: laying a layer of heat preservation felt on the cleaned slope surface, wherein the heat preservation felt is laid and naturally loosed from bottom to top to be tightly attached to the slope surface supporting layer without folds and hanging, and adjacent heat preservation felts are spliced;
and step 3: laying a layer of non-woven fabric on the heat preservation felt, wherein the slope non-woven fabric is laid from bottom to top, and the non-woven fabric is naturally loosened and cannot be folded or suspended;
and 4, step 4: after the non-woven fabric is laid, a sand gravel cushion layer is adopted for covering in time and is compacted by a compacting machine, and the thickness of the compacted sand gravel cushion layer is 8-12 cm;
and 5: manually assembling the qualified Reynolds nets, and sequentially arranging and installing the Reynolds nets in place along the slope;
step 6: filling Reynolds stones with a long-arm hooking machine, and manually placing and finishing the stones in the gabion;
and 7: covering the qualified gabion and covering the gabion with soil;
the heat preservation felt adopted in the step 2 is an aerogel heat preservation felt which is a flexible heat preservation felt formed by compounding nano silicon dioxide aerogel and an inorganic fiber material;
3, adopting a sewing mode for the non-woven fabric in the step 3, wherein the sewing width of the two sewing positions is not less than 10 cm;
step 4, paving the sand gravel cushion layer on the non-woven fabric within 12 hours;
in the step 5, the contact surfaces of the adjacent Reynolds protection pads are twisted by steel wires;
and 6, reserving a 2.5-3 cm ultrahigh height during stone filling so as to ensure that the top elevation after settlement meets the design requirement.
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| CN110233432A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-09-13 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Ecological revetment of scour prevention type |
| CN110499739B (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2021-04-02 | 三峡大学 | Man-machine cooperative reynolds protection pad construction method for check net |
| CN112211157A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-12 | 重庆市环境保护工程设计研究院有限公司 | Ecological restoration method for micro-topography of abandoned sand pit of riparian zone in high-altitude area |
| CN113802581B (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2023-04-21 | 中铁二局集团勘测设计院有限责任公司 | Roadbed slope vegetation recovery structure in plateau area |
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| JPH1171769A (en) * | 1997-08-28 | 1999-03-16 | Kokoku Kousensaku Kk | Slope structure using stone cage |
| CN102587399B (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2014-11-05 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | Salivary flow ice prevention and management structure in cold zone |
| CN105951674A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-09-21 | 中国电建集团北京勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Water bank protecting structure for water inlet/ outlet of pumped storage power station and construction method |
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Address after: 450001 No. 59 Lianhua street, hi tech Development Zone, Henan, Zhengzhou Applicant after: China Power Construction Eleventh Bureau Engineering Co., Ltd. Applicant after: SINOHYDRO Bureau 11 Co., Ltd. Address before: 450001 No. 59 Lianhua street, hi tech Development Zone, Henan, Zhengzhou Applicant before: China Hydropower eleventh Engineering Bureau (Zhengzhou) Co., Ltd. Applicant before: SINOHYDRO Bureau 11 Co., Ltd. |
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