Disclosure of Invention
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a track damping device and system to improve the above-mentioned problems.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a track vibration damping device, including a support, a lever, and a vibration damping terminal, where the lever is disposed above the support and rotatably connected to the support, the lever includes a first end and a second end, the lever is an elastic beam, the first end of the elastic beam is connected to the vibration damping terminal, a distance from the support to the first end of the lever along the lever direction is greater than a distance from the support to the second end of the lever along the lever direction, and the vibration damping terminal is configured to damp a vibration amplitude of the first end of the lever.
Further, the vibration reduction terminal is a fixing piece, the lever is an elastic beam, and the first end of the elastic beam is connected with the fixing piece.
Further, the damping terminal comprises a damping spring, and the first end of the elastic beam is connected with the damping spring.
Further, the distance from the first end of the elastic beam to the circle center of the inner diameter of the damping spring is smaller than the radius of the inner diameter of the damping spring.
Further, the damping terminal includes first magnet, second magnet and third magnet, the third magnet set up in the first end of lever, first magnet, third magnet and the second magnet sets gradually according to from the top down, the S utmost point of first magnet with the S utmost point of third magnet sets up relatively, the N utmost point of third magnet with the N utmost point of second magnet sets up relatively or the N utmost point of first magnet with the N utmost point of third magnet sets up relatively, the S utmost point of third magnet with the S utmost point of second magnet sets up relatively.
Further, the surface of the elastic beam is coated with a damping material layer.
Further, the damping material layer is a rubber layer or a foam plastic layer.
In a second aspect, the invention also provides a track vibration reduction system comprising a rail, a plurality of ties and the track vibration reduction device.
The track vibration damping device comprises a support, a lever and a vibration damping terminal, wherein the lever is arranged above the support and is connected with the support in a rotating mode, the lever comprises a first end and a second end, the lever is an elastic beam, the first end of the elastic beam is connected with the vibration damping terminal, the support is arranged along the lever direction, the distance between the first end of the lever is larger than that between the support and the second end of the lever, the lever direction is arranged on the support, and the vibration damping terminal is used for attenuating the vibration amplitude of the first end of the lever.
The second end of the lever is connected with the bottom of the rail, the sleepers are connected with the bottom of the rail and are arranged at equal distance intervals, and the distance between the second end of the lever and two adjacent sleepers is equal.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior art, the track vibration damping device and the track vibration damping system provided by the embodiment of the invention have the advantages that when the track vibration damping device and the track vibration damping system are used, the second end of the lever is connected with the bottom of a track, when the track is vibrated up and down by wheel load, the second end and the first end of the lever are driven to vibrate up and down, the distance from the support to the first end of the lever along the lever direction is greater than the distance from the support to the second end of the lever along the lever direction, therefore, the vibration displacement of the first end of the lever is greater than that of the second end of the lever, the vibration damping terminal can damp the displacement of the first end of the lever, the vibration of the second end of the lever is reduced better, the vibration of the track is reduced while the vibration of the second end of the lever is reduced, and the vibration damping effect is good.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships where products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or the element to which the present invention refers must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth," etc. are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise specified or limited more specifically, the terms "disposed" and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and for example, "connected" may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the following, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, and features in the following embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
When the train passes through the rails, the rails vibrate under the action of wheel loads to generate displacement, and if the maximum amplitude of the displacement is too large when the rails vibrate, the rails are damaged to a certain extent, so that it is necessary to install a vibration damping device to reduce the maximum amplitude of the displacement when the rails vibrate. At present, the track damping device in the prior art usually mounts an elastic clip or an elastic sheet on the rail, and the rail is damped by the clip or the elastic sheet, however, the damping effect of the damping method is poor.
In view of the above, the inventor has found through long-term observation and research that a track damping device and a system are provided, the track damping device comprises a support, a lever and a damping terminal, and the distance from the support to a first end of the lever along the lever direction is greater than the distance from the support to a second end of the lever along the lever direction, so that the displacement of the first end vibration of the lever is greater than that of the second end vibration of the lever, the damping terminal can attenuate the displacement of the first end of the lever, and therefore the vibration of the second end of the lever is better reduced.
Referring to fig. 1, a track damping device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a support 101, a lever 102, and a damping terminal 103. The lever 102 is disposed above the support 101 and is rotatably connected to the support 101, and in this embodiment, the rotatable connection of the lever 102 and the support 101 may be a hinge connection or some other rotatable connection, which is not limited herein.
The support 101 is fixedly arranged on a sleeper or on a road bed on which the sleeper is mounted. The lever 102 includes a first end 104 and a second end 105, the damping terminal 103 is located at the first end 104 of the lever 102, and the distance from the support 101 to the first end 104 of the lever 102 along the direction of the lever 102 is greater than the distance from the support 101 to the second end 105 of the lever 102 along the direction of the lever 102, the second end 105 of the lever 102 is used for connecting to the bottom of a rail, and the damping terminal 103 is used for damping the vibration amplitude of the first end 104 of the lever 102.
In the present embodiment, the damping terminal 103 is configured to be able to damp the vibration amplitude of the lever 102 in vibration, and based on the above function, the damping terminal 103 may employ a damping spring 106, a damping magnet device, an elastic piece 110, and a fixing piece 111. Of course, the damping terminal 103 may be implemented by using not only the damping spring 106, the damping magnet device, the elastic sheet 110 and the fixing member 111, but also other devices that can be used for damping the vibration amplitude of the lever 102 during vibration, which is only exemplified herein.
As shown in fig. 2, when the damping terminal 103 employs the damping spring 106, the first end 104 of the lever 102 is connected to the damping spring 106, and the distance from the first end 104 of the lever 102 to the center of the inner diameter of the damping spring 106 is smaller than the radius of the inner diameter of the damping spring 106.
Preferably, the lever 102 is connected to the center of the axis of the damping spring 106 such that the first end 104 of the lever 102 is forced to vibrate up and down in the same direction, and when the first end 104 of the lever 102 moves upward to compress the damping spring 106, the damping spring 106 exerts an opposite force on the lever 102, thereby reducing the amplitude of the vibration of the lever 102. It can be similarly appreciated that as the first end 104 of the lever 102 moves downwardly to compress the damper spring 106, the damper spring 106 reduces the amplitude of the vibration of the lever 102, and thus the rail.
As shown in fig. 3, when the damping terminal 103 is a damping magnet device, and the damping magnet device includes a first magnet 107, a second magnet 108, and a third magnet 109, wherein the third magnet 109 is disposed at the first end 104 of the lever 102, the first magnet 107, the third magnet 109, and the second magnet 108 are sequentially disposed in order from top to bottom, the south pole of the first magnet 107 is disposed opposite to the south pole of the third magnet 109, the north pole of the third magnet 109 is disposed opposite to the north pole of the second magnet 108, or the north pole of the first magnet 107 is disposed opposite to the north pole of the third magnet 109, and the south pole of the third magnet 109 is disposed opposite to the south pole of the second magnet 108.
When the first end 104 of the lever 102 moves upward to be close to the first magnet 107, because the polarity of the magnetic pole of the side of the third magnet 109 close to the first magnet 107 is the same as that of the magnetic pole of the side of the first magnet 107 close to the third magnet 109, and the like poles repel, the first magnet 107 applies a force in the opposite direction to the third magnet 109, thereby reducing the vibration amplitude of the lever 102, and similarly, when the first end 104 of the lever 102 moves downward to be close to the second magnet 108, the first magnet 107 reduces the vibration amplitude of the lever 102, thereby reducing the vibration amplitude of the second end 105 of the lever 102, thereby reducing the vibration amplitude of the rail, and by reducing the vibration amplitude of the rail, the rail is not easy to damage, thereby prolonging the service life of the rail.
As shown in fig. 4, when the damping terminal 103 employs the elastic piece 110, one end of the elastic piece 110 is connected to the first end 104 of the lever 102, and the other end of the elastic piece 110 is fixed. The elastic sheet 110 may be a stainless steel elastic sheet 110 or a plastic elastic sheet 110. When the first end 104 of the lever 102 moves upward to apply force to the elastic piece 110, so that the elastic piece 110 bends upward, the elastic piece 110 has certain toughness and can apply force in the opposite direction to the lever 102, so as to reduce the vibration amplitude of the lever 102, and similarly, when the first end 104 of the lever 102 moves downward to apply force to the elastic piece 110, so that the elastic piece 110 can damp the vibration amplitude of the lever 102, so as to reduce the vibration amplitude of the rail.
As shown in fig. 5, the vibration damping terminal 103 is a fixing member 111, and the fixing member 111 is fixedly attached to a non-track structure such as a roadbed, a bridge, or a tunnel wall. The lever 102 is a resilient beam, a first end 104 of which is connected to a mount 111.
The spring beam transmits axial and longitudinal deformation of the rod when subjected to external forces. When the first end 104 of the lever 102 is moved upward by the rail, the lever 102 bends downward because the first end 104 of the lever 102 is fixed by the fixing member 111, so as to apply a force in the opposite direction to the rail, and the distance from the support 101 to the first end 104 of the lever 102 along the direction of the lever 102 is greater than the distance from the support 101 to the second end 105 of the lever 102 along the direction of the lever 102, so as to preferably reduce the vibration amplitude of the rail.
Similarly, when the first end 104 of the lever 102 is moved downwards by the rail, since the first end 104 of the lever 102 is fixed by the fixing member 111, the lever 102 will bend upwards to apply a force in the opposite direction to the rail, and the distance from the support 101 to the first end 104 of the lever 102 along the direction of the lever 102 is greater than the distance from the support 101 to the second end 105 of the lever 102 along the direction of the lever 102, so that the vibration amplitude of the rail is preferably reduced, and the vibration amplitude of the rail is reduced.
The surface of the elastic beam is coated with a damping material layer, wherein the damping material layer can adopt a rubber layer or a foam plastic layer. The damping material layer can convert solid mechanical vibration energy into heat energy and dissipate the material layer, and when the kinetic energy of the rail is converted into the deformation mechanical energy of the elastic beam, the damping material layer can convert the solid mechanical vibration energy into the heat energy and dissipate the heat energy, so that the vibration amplitude of the rail can be further reduced.
In addition, as shown in fig. 6, in the present embodiment, when the damping terminal 103 employs the damping spring 106, the lever 102 employs an elastic beam, and a surface of the elastic beam is coated with a damping material layer, so that a strong damping effect can be achieved. The first end 104 of the beam is connected to the damper spring 106, and the distance from the first end 104 of the beam to the center of the inner diameter of the damper spring 106 is less than the radius of the inner diameter of the damper spring 106. Specifically, the vibration amplitude of the rail can be attenuated at different levels through the damping spring 106, the elastic quantity and the damping layer material layer, so that a strong damping effect can be achieved.
It is to be understood that, as another embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, when the vibration damping terminal 103 employs a vibration damping magnet device including the first magnet 107, the second magnet 108, and the third magnet 109, the lever 102 employs an elastic beam, and a surface of the elastic beam is coated with a damping material layer, so that a strong vibration damping effect can be achieved. The third magnet 109 is provided at the first end 104 of the elastic beam, the first magnet 107, the third magnet 109, and the second magnet 108 are provided in this order from top to bottom, the S-pole of the first magnet 107 is provided opposite to the S-pole of the third magnet 109, the N-pole of the third magnet 109 is provided opposite to the N-pole of the second magnet 108, or the N-pole of the first magnet 107 is provided opposite to the N-pole of the third magnet 109, and the S-pole of the third magnet 109 is provided opposite to the S-pole of the second magnet 108. Specifically, the vibration amplitude of the rail can be attenuated at different layers through the vibration-damping magnet device, the elastic quantity and the damping layer material layer, so that a strong vibration-damping effect can be achieved, and the specific principle refers to the description of the above text.
Referring to fig. 8, in an embodiment of the present invention, there is further provided a track damping system, which includes a rail 112, a plurality of sleepers 113 and the track damping device 100 of the above embodiment, wherein the second end 105 of the lever 102 is connected to the bottom of the rail 112, and the second end 105 of the lever 102 is connected to the bottom of the rail 112 by a contact connection, a fixed connection and a hinge connection, preferably a hinge connection in this embodiment. A plurality of ties 113 are each attached to the bottom of the rail 112 and are spaced apart at equal distances, and the second end 105 of the lever 102 is spaced equidistant from two adjacent ties 113. Since the midpoint of the line connecting each two sleepers 113 is the location where the rail 112 experiences the greatest vibrational displacement and velocity, it is preferable to connect the second end 105 of the lever 102 to the midpoint of the line connecting the rail 112 to each two sleepers 113. In addition, in practice, the vibration damping terminal 103 is installed on the roadbed far from the rail 112 as much as possible, so that the vibration damping terminal 103 is prevented from affecting the boundary of the track structure.
In summary, the track vibration damping device and system provided by the embodiment of the present invention, in use, the second end 105 of the lever 102 is connected to the bottom of a rail 112, and when the rail 112 vibrates up and down under a wheel load, the second end 105 and the first end 104 of the lever 102 are driven to vibrate up and down, since the distance from the support 101 to the first end 104 of the lever 102 along the direction of the lever 102 is greater than the distance from the support 101 to the second end 105 of the lever 102 along the direction of the lever 102, the vibration displacement of the first end 104 of the lever 102 is greater than the vibration displacement of the second end 105, and the vibration damping terminal 103 can damp the vibration amplitude of the first end 104 of the lever 102, so as to better reduce the vibration of the second end 105 of the lever 102, and since the second end 105 of the lever 102 is connected to the bottom of the rail 112, the vibration of the track is better reduced while the vibration of the second end 105 of the lever 102 is reduced, and the vibration damping effect is good.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.