CN108913900A - A kind of method that the aluminium scrap liquid of foundry's stir-fry ash recycling prepares ZL104 alloy - Google Patents
A kind of method that the aluminium scrap liquid of foundry's stir-fry ash recycling prepares ZL104 alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN108913900A CN108913900A CN201810668840.3A CN201810668840A CN108913900A CN 108913900 A CN108913900 A CN 108913900A CN 201810668840 A CN201810668840 A CN 201810668840A CN 108913900 A CN108913900 A CN 108913900A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/06—Obtaining aluminium refining
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/006—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals with use of an inert protective material including the use of an inert gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/10—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals with refining or fluxing agents; Use of materials therefor, e.g. slagging or scorifying agents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The present invention provides the method that a kind of aluminium scrap liquid of foundry's stir-fry ash recycling prepares ZL104 alloy, the present invention can utilize extra regeneration molten aluminum, realize that the re-using of waste product prepares ZL104 alloy, and preparation ZL104 alloy can be carried out in unsuitable reflective thermal-insulating furnace, utilize existing equipment, without repurchasing new equipment, existing resource is made full use of, cost is saved.
Description
Technical field
The recycling of the aluminium scrap liquid of ash recycling is fried the present invention relates to foundry more particularly to ash recycling is fried by foundry
The method that aluminium scrap liquid prepares ZL104 alloy.
Background technique
Foundry is used to the aluminium silicon intermediate alloy that production 6 is stick proportion, still using the aluminium scrap liquid for frying ash recycling
It will cause overstocked, occupied fund in the case where alusil alloy meets use.The application is for producing ZL104 alloy.But
Using in the aluminium scrap liquid production ZL104 alloy product for frying ash recycling, faces two aspect difficulties and need to break through, first is that production ZL104
The molten aluminum of alloy is the aluminium scrap liquid recycled from hot aluminium ash, and wherein impurity is more and each metal element content is unknown, needs to lead to
It crosses chemical examination and calculates the elemental range that proportion is required at ZL104 alloy.Secondly stove used and non-professional smelting furnace or quiet
Furnace is set, only a kind of reflective thermal-insulating furnace, causes difficulty to refining and slagging-off.Therefore with the aluminium scrap liquid and non-professional stove of recycling
The ZL104 alloy product for producing profession is exactly a kind of innovation using secondary aluminium wound effect.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, the aluminium scrap liquid that the present invention provides a kind of foundry's stir-fry ash recycling prepares ZL104 alloy
Method makes full use of existing resource, saves cost.
The object of the present invention is achieved in the following manner：The aluminium scrap liquid preparation ZL104 of ash recycling fries in a kind of foundry
The method of alloy, includes the following steps,
（1）According to the silicon content in the aluminium scrap liquid total amount and aluminium scrap liquid to be added in reflective thermal-insulating furnace, the gold filled into needed for calculating
Belong to silicone content, metallic silicon is added by the required metal silicone content filled into, to metallic silicon pre-heating temperature elevation in reflective thermal-insulating furnace；
（2）Stirring：The aluminium scrap liquid of recycling is added in reflective thermal-insulating furnace, metallic silicon is completely covered, add the process of aluminium scrap liquid into
Row nitrogen gas stirring, aluminium scrap liquid carry out thermometric after the completion of being added, alloy temperature reaches 740-750 DEG C in reflective thermal-insulating furnace, closes furnace
Door heat preservation, carries out SiClx, melts metallic silicon；
（3）Manganese addition：When silicon fusing reaches 80%-90%, manganese additive needed for calculating by alloy total amount in reflective thermal-insulating furnace adds
Dosage range is added manganese additive by the median of the additive amount range of required manganese additive, then proceedes to keep the temperature, to complete gold
Belong to the fusing of silicon being completely melt with manganese additive；
（4）Add magnesium：After the completion of SiClx, magnesium ingot is added into reflective thermal-insulating furnace by content of magnesium area requirement in ZL104 alloy, and
Carry out first time refining；Guarantee that reflective thermal-insulating in-furnace temperature is 730-740 DEG C in refining process, with inert gas injection refining method
Refining, i.e., with nitrogen will remove the gred, the refining agent of degasification is blown into alloy in furnace, by waste residue in furnace and exhaust gas emersion to alloy surface,
Achieve the purpose that slagging-off, degasification；
（5）Sampling：After the completion of refining for the first time, analysis is sampled to the Alloy in reflective thermal-insulating furnace, is analyzed and determined anti-
Penetrate in holding furnace whether the content of each element and the uniformity are up to standard in alloy；If content addition not up to standard add accordingly
Silicon plus aluminium, manganese addition plus magnesium process, if the uniformity is not up to standard, continuation stir-melting, up to the content of silicon in melt and uniformly
It spends up to standard；Then melt surface layer dross is scratched clean；
（6）It skims：After the completion of refining for the first time, alloy surface dross in reflective thermal-insulating furnace is cleared up, surface scum is taken off
It comes out of the stove outer；
（7）The content of each element and the uniformity are up to standard in alloy in reflective thermal-insulating furnace, control model of the in-furnace temperature at 730-740 DEG C
It encloses, carries out second and refine, refined with inert gas injection refining method, i.e., will be removed the gred with nitrogen, the refining agent of degasification is blown into furnace
Interior alloy achievees the purpose that slagging-off, degasification by waste residue in furnace and exhaust gas emersion to alloy surface；It skims after the completion of refining；
（8）It skims end, so that alloy is carried out Temperature fall by standing and is reached cast temperature, then put
Stream 104 alloy pigs of casting.
Step（1）In, when metallic silicon is added, metallic silicon is added in reflective thermal-insulating furnace, and is uniformly divided in reflective thermal-insulating
Furnace furnace bottom.
Step（2）In, aluminium scrap liquid carries out thermometric after the completion of being added, and alloy temperature is not up to 740-750 in reflective thermal-insulating furnace
DEG C, it carries out continuing to heat, opens reflective thermal-insulating furnace side portion gas heating firelock, alloy in reflective thermal-insulating furnace is heated, is added
Nitrogen gas stirring is used during heat, until temperature rises to 740-750 DEG C, is closed fire door and is carried out heat preservation.
Step（2）In, it is primary with nitrogen gas stirring every 15 minutes during continuing heating.
Step（4）In, the magnesium ingot for swimming in molten aluminum surface is pushed in time with Slag Tool in refining process, it in this way can be with
Reduce the volatilization loss of magnesium ingot.
In refining process, nitrogen pressure is controlled, it is ensured that melt rolling height is not higher than 20cm, can control in this way
With the oxidization burning loss for reducing aluminium alloy.
When sampling, a sample is respectively taken with two sides among melt at least out of reflective thermal-insulating furnace, is sampled chemical examination.
Manganese additive uses content, without sodium manganese additive, to be uniformly added into furnace for 75%, accelerates fusing and ensures that element is equal
It is even.
Step（8）In, cast temperature is 710-715 DEG C.
Step（8）In, coutroi velocity when casting, it is ensured that the weight of every piece of 104 alloy pigs is between 20-22kg.
Step（8）In, ensure in chute and mold clean, dry before casting, prevents from bringing into other impurity, furnace when casting
Eye plug coutroi velocity, is controlled in mold with light adjuster and infuses aluminum amount, it is ensured that the weight of every piece of 104 alloy pigs is between 20-22kg.
The present invention can utilize extra regeneration molten aluminum, realize the re-using preparation ZL104 alloy of waste product, and can
Preparation ZL104 alloy is carried out in unsuitable reflective thermal-insulating furnace, it is sufficiently sharp without repurchasing new equipment using existing equipment
With existing resource, cost is saved.
Specific embodiment
A kind of method that the aluminium scrap liquid of foundry's stir-fry ash recycling prepares ZL104 alloy, includes the following steps,
（1）According to the silicon content in the aluminium scrap liquid total amount and aluminium scrap liquid to be added in reflective thermal-insulating furnace, the gold filled into needed for calculating
Belong to silicone content, metallic silicon is added by the required metal silicone content filled into, to metallic silicon pre-heating temperature elevation in reflective thermal-insulating furnace；
（2）Stirring：The aluminium scrap liquid of recycling is added in reflective thermal-insulating furnace, metallic silicon is completely covered, add the process of aluminium scrap liquid into
Row nitrogen gas stirring, aluminium scrap liquid carry out thermometric after the completion of being added, alloy temperature reaches 740-750 DEG C in reflective thermal-insulating furnace, closes furnace
Door heat preservation, carries out SiClx, melts metallic silicon；
（3）Manganese addition：When silicon fusing reaches 80%-90%, manganese additive needed for calculating by alloy total amount in reflective thermal-insulating furnace adds
Dosage range is added manganese additive by the median of the additive amount range of required manganese additive, then proceedes to keep the temperature, to complete gold
Belong to the fusing of silicon being completely melt with manganese additive；
（4）Add magnesium：After the completion of SiClx, magnesium ingot is added into reflective thermal-insulating furnace by content of magnesium area requirement in ZL104 alloy, and
Carry out first time refining；Guarantee that reflective thermal-insulating in-furnace temperature is 730-740 DEG C in refining process, with inert gas injection refining method
Refining, i.e., with nitrogen will remove the gred, the refining agent of degasification is blown into alloy in furnace, by waste residue in furnace and exhaust gas emersion to alloy surface,
Achieve the purpose that slagging-off, degasification；
（5）Sampling：After the completion of refining for the first time, analysis is sampled to the alloy in reflective thermal-insulating furnace, analyzes and determines that reflection is protected
Whether the content of each element and the uniformity are up to standard in alloy in warm furnace；If content addition not up to standard carries out adding silicon accordingly, add
Aluminium, manganese addition plus magnesium process continue stir-melting if the uniformity is not up to standard, until the content and the uniformity of silicon reach in melt
Mark；Then melt surface layer dross is scratched clean；
（6）It skims：After the completion of refining for the first time, alloy surface dross in reflective thermal-insulating furnace is cleared up, surface scum is taken off
It comes out of the stove outer；
（7）The content of each element and the uniformity are up to standard in alloy in reflective thermal-insulating furnace, control model of the in-furnace temperature at 730-740 DEG C
It encloses, carries out second and refine, refined with inert gas injection refining method, i.e., will be removed the gred with nitrogen, the refining agent of degasification is blown into furnace
Interior alloy achievees the purpose that slagging-off, degasification by waste residue in furnace and exhaust gas emersion to alloy surface；It skims after the completion of refining；
（8）It skims end, so that alloy is carried out Temperature fall by standing and is reached cast temperature, then put
Stream casting ZL104 alloy pig.
Step（1）In, when metallic silicon is added, metallic silicon is added in reflective thermal-insulating furnace, and is uniformly divided in reflective thermal-insulating
Furnace furnace bottom.
Step（2）In, aluminium scrap liquid carries out thermometric after the completion of being added, and alloy temperature is not up to 740-750 in reflective thermal-insulating furnace
DEG C, it carries out continuing to heat, opens reflective thermal-insulating furnace side portion gas heating firelock, alloy in reflective thermal-insulating furnace is heated, is added
Nitrogen gas stirring is used during heat, until temperature rises to 740-750 DEG C, is closed fire door and is carried out heat preservation.
Step（2）In, it is primary with nitrogen gas stirring every 15 minutes during continuing heating.
Step（4）In, the magnesium ingot for swimming in molten aluminum surface is pushed in time with Slag Tool in refining process, it in this way can be with
Reduce the volatilization loss of magnesium ingot；
In refining process, nitrogen pressure is controlled, it is ensured that melt rolling height is not higher than 20cm, can control and subtracts in this way
The oxidization burning loss of few aluminium alloy.
When sampling, a sample is respectively taken with two sides among melt at least out of reflective thermal-insulating furnace, is sampled chemical examination.
Manganese additive uses content, without sodium manganese additive, to be uniformly added into furnace for 75%, accelerates fusing and ensures that element is equal
It is even.75% without sodium manganese additive, such as the XF-Mn75 of pioneer's metal material Co., Ltd of Xuzhou City.
Step（8）In, cast temperature is 710-715 DEG C.
Step（8）In, ensure in chute and mold clean, dry before casting, prevent from bringing into other impurity, when casting opens
Furnace eye starts the casting of ZL104 alloy pig.
Such as make ZL104 alloy, it is desirable that be content of magnesium be 0.2-0.35%, silicone content 10.5%-12%, manganese content 0.3%-
0.5%；Detecting silicone content in aluminium scrap liquid is 0.06%, content of magnesium 0.004%（Content of magnesium < 0.005% in usual aluminium scrap liquid, can be with
It ignores）, manganese content 0.It is prepared by the preparation method of the application, specifically includes following steps,
（1）According to the silicon content 0.06% in 1 ton of the aluminium scrap liquid total amount to be added in reflective thermal-insulating furnace and aluminium scrap liquid, needed for calculating
The metal silicone content filled into；Metallic silicon weight=1 ton to be filled into ×（12%-0.06%）÷（100%-12%）=1 ton × 13.57%；
Impure metallic silicon is added in reflective thermal-insulating furnace, and is divided in furnace bottom, then starts that metallic silicon in furnace is started to preheat
Heating, time 10-15 minute.
Impure metallic silicon is added in reflective thermal-insulating furnace, and is divided in furnace bottom, is done so first is that increasing metallic silicon
Heating surface area, improve heating efficiency, second is that the fusion process of metallic silicon can be accelerated.
（2）Stirring：By in 1 ton of addition reflective thermal-insulating furnace of aluminium scrap liquid of recycling, impure metallic silicon is completely covered, is added
The process of aluminium scrap liquid carries out nitrogen gas stirring, and aluminium scrap liquid carries out thermometric after the completion of being added, general temperature can be lower than 740 DEG C, opens anti-
Holding furnace side gas heating firelock is penetrated, alloy in reflective thermal-insulating furnace is heated, used nitrogen every 15 minutes during heating
Stirring is primary, it is ensured that temperature and each element are evenly distributed, until temperature rises to 740-750 DEG C, furnace is closed in stopping heating for heating
Door carries out heat preservation, carries out SiClx, even if metallic silicon melts；
（3）Manganese addition：When the SiClx time is that i.e. silicon fusing reached 80%-90% in 40-50 minutes, by alloy total amount in reflective thermal-insulating furnace
The additive amount range of manganese additive needed for calculating, by the additive amount range of required manganese additive（0.4%-0.5%）Median be
0.4% calculate be added 75% the amount without sodium manganese additive, be added the 75% of corresponding amount without sodium manganese additive, then proceed to keep the temperature,
To complete the fusing without sodium manganese additive of impure metallic silicon being completely melt with 75%；
（4）Add magnesium：After 1 hour SiClx time completed SiClx, wanted by content of magnesium range 0.2-0.35% in ZL104 alloy
It asks（By the requirement of content of magnesium range 0.30% in ZL104 alloy in the present embodiment）It is added magnesium ingot into reflective thermal-insulating furnace, and into
Row refines for the first time；Guarantee that reflective thermal-insulating in-furnace temperature is 730-740 DEG C in refining process, with inert gas injection refining method essence
Refining, by waste residue in furnace and exhaust gas emersion to alloy surface, reaches that is, with nitrogen will remove the gred, the refining agent of degasification is blown into alloy in furnace
To the purpose of slagging-off, degasification；In refining process, nitrogen pressure is controlled, it is ensured that melt rolling height is not higher than 20cm, this
Sample can control and reduce the oxidization burning loss of aluminium alloy.
（5）Sampling：After the completion of refining for the first time, analysis is sampled to the alloy in reflective thermal-insulating furnace, is analyzed and determined anti-
The content for penetrating each element in alloy in holding furnace is up to standard, and specially manganese content is >=0.4%, and silicone content is >=11.8%, content of magnesium
It is >=0.3%, the uniformity is up to standard；
（6）It skims：After the completion of refining for the first time, alloy surface dross in reflective thermal-insulating furnace is cleared up, with skimming, rake will
Outside surface scum band is come out of the stove, process of skimming is completed；
（7）The content of each element and the uniformity are up to standard in alloy in reflective thermal-insulating furnace, control model of the in-furnace temperature at 730-740 DEG C
It encloses, carries out second and refine, refined with inert gas injection refining method, i.e., will be removed the gred with nitrogen, the refining agent of degasification is blown into furnace
Interior alloy achievees the purpose that slagging-off, degasification by waste residue in furnace and exhaust gas emersion to alloy surface；Second of refining is completed laggard
Row is skimmed；
（8）It skims end, so that alloy is carried out Temperature fall by standing and is reached cast temperature, then put
Stream casting ZL104 alloy pig.Ensure in chute and mold clean, dry before casting, prevent from bringing into other impurity, when casting opens
Furnace eye starts the casting of ZL104 alloy pig.
The refining agent 6FR essence used herein for Ai Wensi (Jiaozhuo) metallurgical material Co., Ltd of slagging-off, degasification
Refine agent.
It measures in the ZL104 alloy pig to complete, manganese content 0.37%, silicone content 11.66%, content of magnesium is
0.28%。
Claims (9)
1. the method that the aluminium scrap liquid of ash recycling prepares ZL104 alloy is fried by a kind of foundry, it is characterised in that：Including following step
Suddenly,
（1）According to the silicon content in the aluminium scrap liquid total amount and aluminium scrap liquid to be added in reflective thermal-insulating furnace, the gold filled into needed for calculating
Belong to silicone content, metallic silicon is added by the required metal silicone content filled into, to metallic silicon pre-heating temperature elevation in reflective thermal-insulating furnace；
（2）Stirring：The aluminium scrap liquid of recycling is added in reflective thermal-insulating furnace, metallic silicon is completely covered, add the process of aluminium scrap liquid into
Row nitrogen gas stirring, aluminium scrap liquid carry out thermometric after the completion of being added, alloy temperature reaches 740-750 DEG C in reflective thermal-insulating furnace, closes furnace
Door heat preservation, carries out SiClx, melts metallic silicon；
（3）Manganese addition：When silicon fusing reaches 80%-90%, manganese additive needed for calculating by alloy total amount in reflective thermal-insulating furnace adds
Dosage range is added manganese additive by the median of the additive amount range of required manganese additive, then proceedes to keep the temperature, to complete gold
Belong to the fusing of silicon being completely melt with manganese additive；
（4）Add magnesium：After the completion of SiClx, magnesium ingot is added into reflective thermal-insulating furnace by content of magnesium area requirement in ZL104 alloy, and
Carry out first time refining；Guarantee that reflective thermal-insulating in-furnace temperature is 730-740 DEG C in refining process, with inert gas injection refining method
Refining, i.e., with nitrogen will remove the gred, the refining agent of degasification is blown into alloy in furnace, by waste residue in furnace and exhaust gas emersion to alloy surface,
Achieve the purpose that slagging-off, degasification；
（5）Sampling：After the completion of refining for the first time, analysis is sampled to the Alloy in reflective thermal-insulating furnace, is analyzed and determined anti-
Penetrate in holding furnace whether the content of each element and the uniformity are up to standard in alloy；If content addition not up to standard add accordingly
Silicon plus aluminium, manganese addition plus magnesium process, if the uniformity is not up to standard, continuation stir-melting, up to the content of silicon in melt and uniformly
It spends up to standard；Then melt surface layer dross is scratched clean；
（6）It skims：After the completion of refining for the first time, alloy surface dross in reflective thermal-insulating furnace is cleared up, surface scum is taken off
It comes out of the stove outer；
（7）The content of each element and the uniformity are up to standard in alloy in reflective thermal-insulating furnace, control model of the in-furnace temperature at 730-740 DEG C
It encloses, carries out second and refine, refined with inert gas injection refining method, i.e., will be removed the gred with nitrogen, the refining agent of degasification is blown into furnace
Interior alloy achievees the purpose that slagging-off, degasification by waste residue in furnace and exhaust gas emersion to alloy surface；It skims after the completion of refining；
（8）It skims end, so that alloy is carried out Temperature fall by standing and is reached cast temperature, then put
Stream 104 alloy pigs of casting.
2. the method that the aluminium scrap liquid of ash recycling prepares ZL104 alloy is fried by foundry according to claim 1, feature exists
In：Step（1）In, when metallic silicon is added, metallic silicon is added in reflective thermal-insulating furnace, and is uniformly divided in reflective thermal-insulating furnace furnace
Bottom.
3. the method that the aluminium scrap liquid of ash recycling prepares ZL104 alloy is fried by foundry according to claim 1, feature exists
In：Step（2）In, aluminium scrap liquid carries out thermometric after the completion of being added, and alloy temperature is not up to 740-750 DEG C in reflective thermal-insulating furnace, into
Row continues to heat, and opens reflective thermal-insulating furnace side portion gas heating firelock, heats to alloy in reflective thermal-insulating furnace, during heating
It is closed fire door until temperature is risen to 740-750 DEG C with nitrogen gas stirring and carries out heat preservation.
4. the method that the aluminium scrap liquid of ash recycling prepares ZL104 alloy is fried by foundry according to claim 3, feature exists
In：Step（2）In, it is primary with nitrogen gas stirring every 15 minutes during continuing heating.
5. the method that the aluminium scrap liquid of ash recycling prepares ZL104 alloy is fried by foundry according to claim 1, feature exists
In：Step（4）In, the magnesium ingot for swimming in molten aluminum surface is pushed with Slag Tool in time in refining process, can be reduced in this way
The volatilization loss of magnesium ingot.
6. the method that the aluminium scrap liquid of ash recycling prepares ZL104 alloy is fried by foundry according to claim 1, feature exists
In：In refining process, nitrogen pressure is controlled, it is ensured that melt rolling height is not higher than 20cm, can control and subtracts in this way
The oxidization burning loss of few aluminium alloy.
7. the method that the aluminium scrap liquid of ash recycling prepares ZL104 alloy is fried by foundry according to claim 1, feature exists
In：When sampling, a sample is respectively taken with two sides among melt at least out of reflective thermal-insulating furnace, is sampled chemical examination.
8. the method that the aluminium scrap liquid of ash recycling prepares ZL104 alloy is fried by foundry according to claim 1, feature exists
In：Manganese additive uses content, without sodium manganese additive, to be uniformly added into furnace for 75%.
9. the method that the aluminium scrap liquid of ash recycling prepares ZL104 alloy is fried by foundry according to claim 1, feature exists
In：Step（8）In, cast temperature is 710-715 DEG C.
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