CN108913530B - Totally-enclosed integrated reagent extraction and amplification method - Google Patents
Totally-enclosed integrated reagent extraction and amplification method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108913530B CN108913530B CN201810610529.3A CN201810610529A CN108913530B CN 108913530 B CN108913530 B CN 108913530B CN 201810610529 A CN201810610529 A CN 201810610529A CN 108913530 B CN108913530 B CN 108913530B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6806—Preparing nucleic acids for analysis, e.g. for polymerase chain reaction [PCR] assay
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L7/00—Heating or cooling apparatus; Heat insulating devices
- B01L7/52—Heating or cooling apparatus; Heat insulating devices with provision for submitting samples to a predetermined sequence of different temperatures, e.g. for treating nucleic acid samples
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6844—Nucleic acid amplification reactions
- C12Q1/686—Polymerase chain reaction [PCR]
Abstract
The invention provides a totally-enclosed integrated reagent extraction and amplification method, which is carried out in a reagent extraction and amplification device; the reagent extraction and amplification device comprises an extraction bin, a driving mechanism and an amplification tube, wherein the extraction bin comprises a cracking mechanism, a washing mechanism and an elution mechanism which are sequentially distributed according to the flow direction of a sample; the reagent extraction and amplification method comprises the following steps: step S1: adding the sample into a cracking mechanism, cracking the sample in a cracking reagent, and releasing nucleic acid; the nucleic acid is combined with the magnetic substance; step S2: the slide block moves towards the direction of the amplification tube, the partition fails, and the magnetic substance flows into the washing mechanism; the magnetic substance is uniformly diffused into the washing liquid; impurities on the magnetic substance are washed away and transferred to the washing liquid; step S3: the slide block continues to move, the partition is invalid, and the magnetic substance flows into the elution mechanism; the magnetic substance is uniformly diffused into the eluent; the nucleic acid on the magnetic substance is washed away and transferred to the eluent; step S4: the nucleic acid-carrying eluate flows into the amplification tube, and PCR amplification is performed in the amplification tube.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a totally-enclosed integrated reagent extraction and amplification method.
Background
The nucleic acid diagnostic analysis method based on the PCR technology is the core technology in molecular diagnosis. The automatic nucleic acid extraction process and the PCR amplification detection process are integrated with each other to construct an integrated nucleic acid extraction and amplification detection system, which has important practical significance for further improving the nucleic acid diagnosis and analysis efficiency and realizing the automation of the whole nucleic acid diagnosis and analysis process.
Chinese patent 201120449250.5 discloses a nucleic acid amplification and detection reaction tube, which comprises a tube body and a tube cover, wherein the tube body comprises a liquid storage region located above and a nucleic acid amplification region located below, and the reaction and fluorescence signal acquisition and other real-time detection means are completed in the nucleic acid amplification region; the tube cover is internally provided with a hollow groove, and the volume of the nucleic acid amplification area is respectively less than or equal to the volume of the liquid storage area and the volume of the hollow groove.
Chinese patent 201521043284.9 discloses an isothermal nucleic acid amplification device and experimental method, comprising a flat plate in-situ nucleic acid amplification chip, wherein the chip is composed of an upper layer carrier and a lower layer carrier which are mutually attached and can slide, the upper layer carrier and the lower layer carrier are rectangles with the same size, and when the lower layer is fixed, the upper layer carrier can slide in a friction mode relatively. The upper attaching surface of the lower carrier is provided with various groove runners and micro cavities with downward openings, and the lower attaching surface of the upper carrier is provided with various groove flow holes and micro cavities with upward openings, and a plurality of inlet and outlet through holes.
Chinese patent 201620284715.9 discloses a multifunctional nucleic acid amplification instrument, which comprises a control system, a switch power supply, an upper computer, a heating circulation system and a sample module, wherein the control system is connected with the switch power supply, the upper computer and the heating circulation system, the sample module is connected above the heating circulation system, and the sample module is provided with a 384-pore plate with 0.2mL, a 96-pore plate with 48-pore plate with 1.5mL and a 12-pore plate with 1.5 mL.
Chinese patent application 201710163203.6 discloses an integrated nucleic acid extraction and amplification detection system, which comprises a disposable microfluidic chip and a matched detection device. The micro-fluidic chip comprises a reaction unit and a waste liquid storage unit, when the chip works, the mutual mixing of reaction reagents and the mutual mixing of the reaction reagents and magnetic beads are realized by means of a vibration module, and the steps of nucleic acid adsorption, purification and the like are sequentially completed by means of a magnetic bead driving module; and (3) flushing the magnetic beads with the PCR amplification reagent through the fluid driving module, eluting the amplification template on the magnetic beads, entering a convection PCR reactor constructed by a vertical channel, and realizing PCR amplification reaction and detection through the heating module and the fluorescence acquisition module.
The defects of the technical scheme are as follows:
1. the structure is complex, and a vacuum pump is needed; the cracking liquid is viscous, and the operation of a vacuum pump is easy to generate bubbles to influence the extraction;
2. the waste liquid passes through the nucleic acid amplification detection cavity, and the waste liquid is polluted by residue, so that the nucleic acid amplification detection is influenced;
3. the detection process is not closed, so that the environment outside the detection device is contacted with the reagent in the detection device, and the risk of cross contamination exists between the environment and the reagent;
4. the detection process is complicated, and manual operation is required to be added in multiple links;
5. the detection time is long.
Therefore, how to provide a vacuum pump-free and simple instrument and equipment structure; no bubble is generated, which is beneficial to the smooth extraction and the nucleic acid with higher purity is obtained; the device has a single nucleic acid amplification detection cavity, and has no influence of waste liquid residue; the reagent extraction and amplification method which has a closed detection process and can effectively avoid cross contamination between the external environment and the detection reagent is a problem to be solved in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a totally-enclosed integrated reagent extraction and amplification method which is simple in structure, efficient and accurate, has a closed detection process and can effectively avoid cross contamination between an external environment and a detection reagent.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a totally enclosed integrated reagent extraction and amplification method, which is performed in a reagent extraction and amplification device; the reagent extraction and amplification device comprises an extraction bin, a driving mechanism and an amplification tube, wherein the extraction bin comprises a cracking mechanism, a washing mechanism and an elution mechanism which are sequentially distributed according to the flow direction of a sample; a cracking reagent and a magnetic substance are arranged in the cracking mechanism, a washing solution is arranged in the washing mechanism, and an eluent is arranged in the elution mechanism; a movable partition is arranged between the adjacent mechanisms; the driving mechanism comprises a sliding block which can slide according to the flow direction of the sample, and a magnet is arranged on the sliding block; the amplification tube is positioned at the downstream of the elution mechanism and is communicated with the elution mechanism; the reagent extraction and amplification method comprises the following steps:
step S1: adding the sample into a cracking mechanism, cracking the sample in a cracking reagent, and releasing nucleic acid; the nucleic acid is combined with the magnetic substance;
step S2: the slide block moves towards the direction of the amplification tube, the partition fails, and the magnetic substance flows into the washing mechanism; the magnetic substance is uniformly diffused into the washing liquid; impurities on the magnetic substance are washed away and transferred to the washing liquid;
step S3: the slide block continues to move, the partition is invalid, and the magnetic substance flows into the elution mechanism; the magnetic substance is uniformly diffused into the eluent; the nucleic acid on the magnetic substance is washed away and transferred to the eluent;
step S4: the nucleic acid-carrying eluate flows into the amplification tube, and PCR amplification is performed in the amplification tube.
In the present invention, the extraction cartridge may be made of an elastic material.
In the invention, the magnet is positioned in the center of the sliding block and is a permanent magnet or an electromagnet; the magnetic substance may be a magnetic bead.
In the invention, the driving mechanism further comprises a power component for driving the sliding block to operate, and the power component can be a motor or a cylinder.
In the invention, an amplification reagent for realizing the increment amplification of nucleic acid is arranged in the amplification tube, and the amplification reagent is a PCR platform reagent or a constant temperature amplification reagent.
In the present invention, nucleic acid generated after lysis of a sample is attached to a magnetic substance; when the slide block moves, the magnetic substance is driven by the magnet to move, so that the nucleic acid is driven to move.
The invention solves the technical problems that the nucleic acid extraction and the nucleic acid amplification detection can not be integrated and the operation of the nucleic acid extraction and the nucleic acid amplification detection process is complicated, and has high efficiency, simplicity and accuracy in result.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the washing mechanism includes a first oil tank and a washing tank, wherein a washing liquid is provided in the washing tank; the first oil tank is located between the cracking mechanism and the washing tank.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the elution mechanism comprises a second oil tank and an elution tank, wherein an elution solution is arranged in the elution tank; the second oil groove is positioned between the washing groove and the elution groove; and oil phases are arranged in the first oil groove and the second oil groove.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, a movable partition is disposed between two adjacent grooves; a movable partition is arranged between the cracking mechanism and the first oil groove; the amplification tube is connected with the elution tank.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the lysis mechanism comprises a magnetic groove, a lysis groove and a binding groove which are sequentially distributed according to the sample flow direction; a movable partition is arranged between two adjacent grooves in the cracking mechanism; a movable partition is arranged between the combination groove and the first oil groove.
In the scheme, a feed inlet for adding the sample is formed in the sample groove, and a sample cover is arranged on the feed inlet and used for sealing the sample groove after the sample is added; the sample lid is not removable after closing the sample tank.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the lysis mechanism further comprises a sample tank located upstream of the magnetic tank, the sample being located in the sample tank; the cracking reagent comprises a cracking reinforcing agent and a cracking binding solution which are respectively arranged in the cracking groove and the binding groove; the magnetic substance is arranged in the magnetic groove.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the extraction chamber further comprises a buffer tank located downstream of the elution tank, and a movable partition is provided between the buffer tank and the elution tank; the buffer solution groove is positioned at the upstream of the amplification tube and is communicated with the amplification tube.
In the scheme, the buffer liquid tank is connected with the amplification tube through a connector, and a discharge hole is formed in the connector; the sample flows into the amplification tube from the buffer liquid groove through the discharge hole.
In addition, the amplification reaction may be performed in a buffer solution tank without providing an amplification tube; at this time, a connector is not required to be arranged, and a discharge port is directly arranged on the buffer liquid tank and used for flowing out of the sample after the amplification reaction.
When the sliding block passes through the partition, the driving mechanism can cause the partition to lose efficacy, and the grooves on the two sides of the partition are communicated; and partial partition is permanently failed and is recovered again after the sliding block passes through.
The number of tanks in the extraction chamber depends on the reagent or solid substance to be carried, and the capacity may vary.
Each groove is distributed along a straight line; in use, the extraction bin may be placed horizontally, vertically or inclined.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, when the slider slides from the first oil tank to the washing tank in step S2, the partition between the first oil tank and the washing tank temporarily fails, and the magnetic substance flows into the washing tank; after the sliding block passes through the partition between the first oil groove and the washing tank, the partition is recovered, and the first oil groove and the washing tank are continuously separated.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, when the slider slides from the second oil groove to the elution groove in step S3, the partition between the second oil groove and the elution groove temporarily fails, and the magnetic substance flows into the elution groove; after the sliding block passes through the partition between the second oil groove and the elution groove, the partition is recovered, and the second oil groove and the elution groove are continuously separated.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the magnet is an electromagnet; the slider drives the magnetic substance to move through the magnet in the sliding process.
When the partition is a sealing sheet capable of moving up and down or a fixing clamping sheet capable of falling off:
a sealing sheet capable of moving up and down is arranged between the first oil tank and the washing tank; a sealing sheet which can move up and down is arranged between the second oil groove and the elution groove.
In the cracking mechanism, a detachable fixing card is arranged between two adjacent grooves; a detachable fixing clamp is arranged between the combination groove and the first oil groove; a detachable fixing clamp is arranged between the washing tank and the second oil tank; a detachable fixed card is arranged between the elution groove and the buffer liquid groove.
Draw the storehouse and further include the elasticity seal membrane, the elasticity seal membrane is located gasket and fixed card below, and is compressed tightly by gasket and fixed card.
The sliding block is provided with a wedge-shaped block for jacking up the sealing sheet or enabling the fixing card to fall off.
The reagent extraction amplification device further comprises an upper cover, a bracket and a bottom cover; the bracket is fixed on the extraction bin, and the bracket and the extraction bin are combined in a bonding mode, a cementing mode, a thermal bonding mode and the like; the upper cover and the bottom cover are detachably connected and enclose a cavity, and the extraction bin and the bracket are positioned in the cavity; the bracket is provided with an upper cover mounting hole for connecting with an upper cover.
The bottom of the extraction bin is sealed by a sealing film, and the sealing film can seal liquid or solid in each groove in the extraction bin; the sealing film and the extraction bin can be combined in a bonding mode, a gluing mode, a thermal bonding mode and the like; the elastic sealing film is positioned above the sealing film and is attached to the sealing film under the pressing action of the fixing clamping sheet and the sealing sheet to isolate liquid or solid among the grooves.
The fixed cards are used for blocking reagents, so that the reagents in two adjacent grooves are prevented from being mixed, and the quantity of the fixed cards is determined according to the reaction requirement; two sides of the fixed card are respectively connected with the bottom of the upper cover through weak supports; the weak support is used to connect the fixing card and the upper cover, which are easily cut off.
The bracket is provided with a limiting groove for limiting the freedom degree of the sealing sheet, and the limiting groove and the sealing sheet are correspondingly arranged; the sealing sheet is used for preventing the reagents in the two adjacent grooves from being mixed; the top of the inner side of the upper cover is provided with a spring mounting hole which is arranged corresponding to the sealing sheet; the sealing piece comprises a bulge for pressing the elastic sealing film and a pin shaft for being matched with the spring, the bulge is positioned at the bottom of the sealing piece, and the pin shaft is positioned at the top of the sealing piece; one side of the spring is arranged in the spring mounting hole, and the other side of the spring is sleeved on the pin shaft.
The number of the wedge-shaped blocks is two, and the two wedge-shaped blocks are respectively positioned at two sides of the magnet; the sliding block is positioned outside the bottom cover.
The middle part of the bottom cover is provided with a driving groove for the movement of the magnet, and the two sides of the bottom cover are provided with slideways for the movement of the wedge-shaped blocks; when the sliding block moves, the extraction bin is positioned between the two wedge-shaped blocks; the wedge-shaped block can cut off the weak support to enable the fixed card to fall off; or the sealing sheet is jacked up through the inclined plane at the top of the sealing sheet.
The upper cover is provided with an extrusion hole which is positioned above the buffer liquid tank; the extrusion hole is connected with a press plate which can be opened and closed, and the press plate can extrude the elution groove and the buffer liquid groove when moving downwards.
When the partition is a rotatable sealing shaft:
a rotatable sealing shaft is arranged between two adjacent grooves, and a channel is arranged on the sealing shaft; and a sealing groove matched with the sealing shaft is arranged between every two adjacent grooves, and the sealing groove and the sealing shaft are correspondingly arranged.
The reagent extraction and amplification device further comprises a top cover which is detachably connected with the top end of the extraction bin and seals each groove of the extraction bin; the size and shape of each groove of the extraction bin can be customized according to needs, and the quantity is determined according to reaction requirements.
The sealing shaft is provided with a knob which is positioned above the channel; the top cover is provided with a plurality of rotating holes which are arranged corresponding to the sealing shaft; the knob passes through the corresponding rotating hole.
The top cover further comprises two piston holes which are respectively positioned above the elution tank and the buffer liquid tank; one piston passes through each piston hole.
The method comprises the following specific steps (the magnet is an electromagnet):
1. adding a sample into the sample groove, and sealing the feed inlet; meanwhile, the slide block is arranged below the sample groove; at this time, the magnet is not electrified and has no magnetism;
2. the slide block moves towards the direction of the amplification tube, the partition fails, and the liquid flows into the magnetic groove;
3. the slide block continues to move, the partition fails, and the liquid flows into the cracking tank;
4. the slide block continues to move, the partition fails, and liquid flows into the combination groove;
5. the magnetic substance is uniformly diffused into the lysis binding solution; the sample is lysed, releasing the nucleic acids; the nucleic acid is combined with the magnetic substance;
6. the magnet is electrified and starts to have magnetism; the sliding block continues to move, the partition fails, and the magnetic substance flows into the first oil groove;
7. the slide block continues to move, the partition wall is temporarily failed, and the magnetic substance flows into the washing tank; when the sliding block is positioned below the washing tank, the partition between the first oil tank and the washing tank is recovered, and the first oil tank and the washing tank are continuously partitioned;
8. the magnet is powered off, and the magnetic substance is uniformly diffused into the washing liquid; impurities on the magnetic substance are washed away and transferred to the washing liquid;
9. the magnet is electrified, the slide block continues to move, the partition fails, and the magnetic substance flows into the second oil groove;
10. the slide block continues to move, the partition wall is temporarily failed, and the magnetic substance flows into the elution groove; when the slide block is positioned below the elution groove, the partition between the second oil groove and the elution groove is recovered, and the second oil groove and the elution groove are continuously partitioned;
11. the magnet is powered off, and the magnetic substance is uniformly diffused into the eluent; the nucleic acid on the magnetic substance is washed away and transferred to the eluent;
12. the magnet is electrified, the slide block continues to move, the partition is invalid, and the liquid flows into the buffer liquid groove; the slide block moves back and stops below the elution tank, so that the magnetic substance is kept in the elution tank; the nucleic acid is left in the buffer solution tank;
13. under external pressure, the liquid in the buffer liquid tank flows into the amplification tube, and nucleic acid amplification is performed in the amplification tube.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention can combine nucleic acid extraction and nucleic acid amplification detection seamlessly, only need to add samples, can get the result within 1 hour; the whole process does not need to add operation steps, and is carried out in a totally-enclosed environment, so that the cross contamination between the external environment and the detection reagent can be effectively avoided; the lysate, the washing solution and the eluent are respectively fixed in separate liquid storage cavities, and the liquids are separated by two by an oil phase, so that the liquids cannot be in direct contact with each other, and cross contamination is avoided; the amplification tube is also arranged independently, which is more beneficial to the amplification reaction.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the reagent extraction amplification apparatus of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the reagent extraction amplification apparatus according to example 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the stent of example 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an upper cover of embodiment 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a slider in embodiment 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a sealing sheet of example 1;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the overall configuration of the reagent extraction amplification apparatus according to example 1;
FIG. 8 is an exploded view of the reagent extraction amplification apparatus according to example 2;
FIG. 9 is a sectional view of the reagent extraction amplification apparatus according to example 2;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of an extraction cartridge of example 2;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a top cover of embodiment 2;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a slider in embodiment 2;
FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of a seal shaft of embodiment 2;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the overall configuration of the reagent extraction amplification apparatus according to example 2.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The embodiment provides a totally-enclosed integrated reagent extraction and amplification method, which is carried out in a reagent extraction and amplification device; the reagent extraction and amplification device comprises an extraction bin, a driving mechanism and an amplification tube, wherein the extraction bin comprises a cracking mechanism, a washing mechanism and an elution mechanism which are sequentially distributed according to the flow direction of a sample; a cracking reagent and a magnetic substance are arranged in the cracking mechanism, a washing solution is arranged in the washing mechanism, and an eluent is arranged in the elution mechanism; a movable partition is arranged between the adjacent mechanisms; the driving mechanism comprises a sliding block which can slide according to the flow direction of the sample, and a magnet is arranged on the sliding block; the amplification tube is positioned at the downstream of the elution mechanism and is communicated with the elution mechanism; the reagent extraction and amplification method comprises the following steps:
step S1: adding the sample into a cracking mechanism, cracking the sample in a cracking reagent, and releasing nucleic acid; the nucleic acid is bound to a magnetic substance.
Step S2: the slide block moves towards the direction of the amplification tube, the partition fails, and the magnetic substance flows into the washing mechanism; the magnetic substance is uniformly diffused into the washing liquid; impurities on the magnetic substance are washed away and transferred to the washing liquid.
Step S3: the slide block continues to move, the partition is invalid, and the magnetic substance flows into the elution mechanism; the magnetic substance is uniformly diffused into the eluent; the nucleic acid on the magnetic substance is washed away and transferred to the eluent.
Step S4: the nucleic acid-carrying eluate flows into the amplification tube, and PCR amplification is performed in the amplification tube.
In this embodiment, the extraction bin is horizontally disposed.
The magnet is an electromagnet and is positioned in the center of the sliding block, and the magnetic substance is a magnetic bead.
The driving mechanism further comprises a power component for driving the sliding block to operate, and the power component can be a motor or a cylinder.
An amplification reagent for realizing the increment amplification of the nucleic acid is arranged in the amplification tube, and the amplification reagent is a PCR platform reagent.
Nucleic acid generated after sample lysis is attached to a magnetic substance; when the slide block moves, the magnetic substance is driven by the magnet to move, so that the nucleic acid is driven to move.
The washing mechanism comprises a first oil groove and a washing groove, and washing liquid is arranged in the washing groove; the first oil tank is located between the cracking mechanism and the washing tank.
The elution mechanism comprises a second oil groove and an elution groove, and an eluent is arranged in the elution groove; the second oil groove is positioned between the washing groove and the elution groove; and oil phases are arranged in the first oil groove and the second oil groove.
A movable partition is arranged between every two adjacent grooves; a movable partition is arranged between the cracking mechanism and the first oil groove; the amplification tube is connected with the elution tank.
The cracking mechanism comprises a sample groove, a magnetic groove, a cracking groove and a combination groove which are distributed in sequence according to the flow direction of a sample; a movable partition is arranged between two adjacent grooves in the cracking mechanism; a movable partition is arranged between the combination groove and the first oil groove; the sample groove is provided with a feed inlet for adding samples, and the feed inlet is provided with a sample cover for sealing the sample groove after the samples are added.
The cracking reagent comprises a cracking reinforcing agent and a cracking binding solution which are respectively arranged in the cracking groove and the binding groove; the magnetic substance is arranged in the magnetic groove.
The extraction bin further comprises a buffer solution groove, the buffer solution groove is positioned at the downstream of the elution groove, and a movable partition is arranged between the buffer solution groove and the elution groove; the buffer liquid groove is positioned at the upstream of the amplification tube and is communicated with the amplification tube; in the scheme, the buffer liquid tank is connected with the amplification tube through a connector, and a discharge hole is formed in the connector; the sample flows into the amplification tube from the buffer liquid groove through the discharge hole.
When the sliding block passes through the partition, the driving mechanism can cause the partition to lose efficacy, and the grooves on the two sides of the partition are communicated; and partial partition is permanently failed and is recovered again after the sliding block passes through.
In step S2, when the slider slides from the first oil tank to the washing tank, the partition between the first oil tank and the washing tank temporarily fails, and the magnetic substance flows into the washing tank; after the sliding block passes through the partition between the first oil groove and the washing tank, the partition is recovered, and the first oil groove and the washing tank are continuously separated.
In step S3, when the slider slides from the second oil groove to the elution groove, the partition between the second oil groove and the elution groove temporarily fails, and the magnetic substance flows into the elution groove; after the sliding block passes through the partition between the second oil groove and the elution groove, the partition is recovered, and the second oil groove and the elution groove are continuously separated.
The embodiment also provides a totally-enclosed integrated reagent extraction and amplification device, which comprises an extraction bin 1, a cracking mechanism 2, a washing mechanism 3, an elution mechanism 4, a driving mechanism 5, an amplification tube 6, an upper cover 7, a support 8 and a bottom cover 9, as shown in fig. 1-7.
Wherein, the extraction bin 1 is made of elastic material and comprises a cracking mechanism 2, a washing mechanism 3, an elution mechanism 4, a buffer liquid groove 101 and an elastic sealing film 104 which are sequentially distributed according to the flow direction of a sample; the bracket 8 is fixed on the extraction bin 1, and the bracket and the extraction bin are bonded through an adhesive; the upper cover 7 and the bottom cover 9 are detachably connected and enclose a cavity, and the extraction bin 1 and the bracket 8 are positioned in the cavity; the bracket 8 is provided with an upper cover mounting hole 801 for connecting with the upper cover 7.
A cracking reagent and a magnetic substance are arranged in the cracking mechanism 2; the magnetic substance is magnetic beads.
The washing mechanism 3 comprises a first oil groove 301 and a washing tank 302, and washing liquid is arranged in the washing tank 302; the first oil tank 301 is located between the cracking mechanism 2 and the washing tank 302.
The elution mechanism 4 comprises a second oil groove 401 and an elution groove 402, wherein an elution solution is arranged in the elution groove 402; the second oil tank 401 is located between the wash tank 302 and the elution tank 402; oil phases are arranged in the first oil groove 301 and the second oil groove 401; a movable partition is arranged between every two adjacent grooves; a movable partition is arranged between the cracking mechanism 2 and the first oil groove 301.
The cracking mechanism 2 comprises a sample groove 201, a magnetic groove 202, a cracking groove 203 and a combination groove 204 which are distributed in sequence according to the sample flow direction; a movable partition is arranged between two adjacent grooves in the cracking mechanism 2; a movable partition is arranged between the combination groove 204 and the first oil groove 301; the sample tank 201 is provided with a feed port 205 for adding a sample, and the feed port 205 is provided with a sample cover 206 for sealing the sample tank 201 after the sample is added.
The cracking reagent comprises a cracking reinforcing agent and a cracking binding solution which are respectively arranged in the cracking groove 203 and the binding groove 204; the magnetic substance is disposed in the magnetic groove 202.
The driving mechanism 5 comprises a slide block 501 capable of sliding according to the sample flow direction and a power component (not shown) for driving the slide block 501 to run, wherein the power component is a motor; a magnet 502 is arranged on the sliding block 501; a magnet 502, which is an electromagnet, is located in the center of the slider 501.
The amplification tube 6 is positioned at the downstream of the elution mechanism 4; the amplification tube 6 is connected to the elution tank 402.
The buffer liquid tank 101 is positioned at the downstream of the elution tank 402, and a movable partition is arranged between the buffer liquid tank and the elution tank 402; the buffer liquid tank 101 is positioned at the upstream of the amplification tube 6 and is communicated with the amplification tube 6; the buffer liquid tank 101 is connected with the amplification tube 6 through a connector 102, and a discharge hole 103 is arranged on the connector 102; the sample flows into the amplification tube 6 from the buffer solution tank 101 through the discharge port 103; the upper cover 7 is provided with an extrusion hole 701, and the extrusion hole 701 is positioned above the buffer liquid tank 101; the squeezing hole 701 is connected with a pressure plate 702 which can be opened and closed, and the pressure plate 702 can squeeze the elution tank 402 and the buffer tank 101 when moving downwards.
A sealing sheet 11 which can move up and down is arranged between the first oil groove 301 and the washing groove 302; a sealing sheet 11 which can move up and down is arranged between the second oil groove 401 and the elution groove 402; the bracket 8 is provided with a limiting groove 802 for limiting the freedom degree of the sealing sheet 11, and the limiting groove 802 is arranged corresponding to the sealing sheet 11; the sealing sheet 11 is used for preventing the reagents in two adjacent grooves from being mixed; the top of the inner side of the upper cover 7 is provided with a spring mounting hole 703 which is arranged corresponding to the sealing sheet 11; the sealing plate 11 comprises a protrusion 1101 for pressing the elastic sealing film 104 and a pin 1102 for cooperating with the spring 13, the protrusion 1101 is positioned at the bottom of the sealing plate 11, and the pin 1102 is positioned at the top of the sealing plate 11; one side of the spring 13 is installed in the spring installation hole 703, and the other side is sleeved on the pin 1102.
In the cracking mechanism 2, a detachable fixed card 12 is arranged between two adjacent grooves; a detachable fixed card 12 is arranged between the combination groove 204 and the first oil groove 301; a detachable fixing card 12 is arranged between the washing tank 302 and the second oil tank 401; a detachable fixed card 12 is arranged between the elution tank 402 and the buffer tank 101; the fixing card 12 is used for blocking reagent and preventing the reagent in two adjacent grooves from mixing; the two sides of the fixed card 12 are respectively connected with the bottom of the upper cover 7 through weak supports 1201.
The elastic sealing film 104 is located below the sealing plate 11 and the fixing clip 12, and is pressed by the sealing plate 11 and the fixing clip 12.
The sliding block 501 is provided with a wedge-shaped block 503 for jacking up the sealing sheet 11 or enabling the fixed card 12 to fall off; the number of the wedge blocks 503 is two, and the two wedge blocks are respectively positioned at two sides of the magnet 502; the sliding block 501 is positioned outside the bottom cover 9; a driving groove 901 for moving the magnet 502 is arranged in the middle of the bottom cover 9, and a slide 902 for moving the wedge-shaped block 503 is arranged on two sides of the bottom cover; when the sliding block 501 moves, the extraction bin 1 is positioned between the two wedge-shaped blocks 503; the wedge-shaped block 503 can cut off the weak support 1201 to make the fixed card 12 fall off; or by a bevel at its top to lift the sealing disc 11.
In this embodiment, the bottom of the extraction bin 1 is sealed by a sealing film 105, and the sealing film 105 can seal liquid or solid in each groove in the extraction bin 1; the sealing film 105 is bonded with the extraction bin 1 through an adhesive; the elastic sealing film 104 is located above the sealing film 105, and is attached to the sealing film 105 by the pressing action of the fixing card 12 and the sealing sheet 11, thereby isolating the liquid or solid between the grooves.
The method of use of this example is as follows:
1. taking down the sample cover 206, adding the sample into the sample groove 201, and covering the sample cover 206;
2. under the drive of the power part, the slide block 501 moves towards the direction of the amplification tube 6; when the slider 501 passes the fixing card 12, the wedge block 503 cuts off the weak supports 1201 on both sides of the fixing card 12; the fixed card 12 falls off and the sealing function fails; the elastic sealing film 104 tightly pressed and sealed by the fixing card 12 bounces under the self elasticity, and never restores the sealing state; at the moment, a passage is formed, and the liquid in the grooves at the two sides of the passage is communicated;
3. the sample flows into the magnetic tank 202, and the magnetic substance carries sample information; under the action of the magnet 502, the magnetic substance carrying the sample information continuously moves along with the slide block 501; repeating step 2 when the fixed card 12 is passed;
4. when the slider 501 passes through the sealing sheet 11, the sealing sheet 11 bounces when the wedge-shaped block 503 passes through, and the elastic sealing film 104 tightly sealed by the sealing sheet 11 bounces under the action of the elasticity of the elastic sealing film; the magnetic substance passes along the slider 501; after the wedge-shaped block 503 passes, the sealing sheet 11 presses the elastic sealing film 104 again under the action of the spring 13 to block liquid on two sides of the elastic sealing film again;
5. when the magnetic substance remains in the elution tank 402 while the nucleic acid remains in the buffer tank 101, the pressing plate 702 moves downward, pressing the elution tank 402 and the buffer tank 101; the liquid in the buffer tank 101 flows into the amplification tube 6, and PCR amplification is performed in the amplification tube 6.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a totally-enclosed integrated reagent extraction and amplification method, which is carried out in a reagent extraction and amplification device; the reagent extraction and amplification device comprises an extraction bin, a driving mechanism and an amplification tube, wherein the extraction bin comprises a cracking mechanism, a washing mechanism and an elution mechanism which are sequentially distributed according to the flow direction of a sample; a cracking reagent and a magnetic substance are arranged in the cracking mechanism, a washing solution is arranged in the washing mechanism, and an eluent is arranged in the elution mechanism; a movable partition is arranged between the adjacent mechanisms; the driving mechanism comprises a sliding block which can slide according to the flow direction of the sample, and a magnet is arranged on the sliding block; the amplification tube is positioned at the downstream of the elution mechanism and is communicated with the elution mechanism; the reagent extraction and amplification method comprises the following steps:
step S1: adding the sample into a cracking mechanism, cracking the sample in a cracking reagent, and releasing nucleic acid; the nucleic acid is bound to a magnetic substance.
Step S2: the slide block moves towards the direction of the amplification tube, the partition fails, and the magnetic substance flows into the washing mechanism; the magnetic substance is uniformly diffused into the washing liquid; impurities on the magnetic substance are washed away and transferred to the washing liquid.
Step S3: the slide block continues to move, the partition is invalid, and the magnetic substance flows into the elution mechanism; the magnetic substance is uniformly diffused into the eluent; the nucleic acid on the magnetic substance is washed away and transferred to the eluent.
Step S4: the nucleic acid-carrying eluate flows into the amplification tube, and PCR amplification is performed in the amplification tube.
In this embodiment, the extraction bin is horizontally disposed.
The magnet is an electromagnet and is positioned in the center of the sliding block, and the magnetic substance is a magnetic bead.
The driving mechanism further comprises a power component for driving the sliding block to operate, and the power component can be a motor or a cylinder.
The amplification tube is internally provided with an amplification reagent for realizing the increment amplification of nucleic acid, and the amplification reagent is a constant temperature amplification reagent.
Nucleic acid generated after sample lysis is attached to a magnetic substance; when the slide block moves, the magnetic substance is driven by the magnet to move, so that the nucleic acid is driven to move.
The washing mechanism comprises a first oil groove and a washing groove, and washing liquid is arranged in the washing groove; the first oil tank is located between the cracking mechanism and the washing tank.
The elution mechanism comprises a second oil groove and an elution groove, and an eluent is arranged in the elution groove; the second oil groove is positioned between the washing groove and the elution groove; and oil phases are arranged in the first oil groove and the second oil groove.
A movable partition is arranged between every two adjacent grooves; a movable partition is arranged between the cracking mechanism and the first oil groove; the amplification tube is connected with the elution tank.
The cracking mechanism comprises a sample groove, a magnetic groove, a cracking groove and a combination groove which are distributed in sequence according to the flow direction of a sample; a movable partition is arranged between two adjacent grooves in the cracking mechanism; a movable partition is arranged between the combination groove and the first oil groove; the sample groove is provided with a feed inlet for adding samples, and the feed inlet is provided with a sample cover for sealing the sample groove after the samples are added.
The cracking reagent comprises a cracking reinforcing agent and a cracking binding solution which are respectively arranged in the cracking groove and the binding groove; the magnetic substance is arranged in the magnetic groove.
The extraction bin further comprises a buffer solution groove, the buffer solution groove is positioned at the downstream of the elution groove, and a movable partition is arranged between the buffer solution groove and the elution groove; the buffer liquid groove is positioned at the upstream of the amplification tube and is communicated with the amplification tube; in the scheme, the buffer liquid tank is connected with the amplification tube through a connector, and a discharge hole is formed in the connector; the sample flows into the amplification tube from the buffer liquid groove through the discharge hole.
When the sliding block passes through the partition, the driving mechanism can cause the partition to lose efficacy, and the grooves on the two sides of the partition are communicated; and partial partition is permanently failed and is recovered again after the sliding block passes through.
In step S2, when the slider slides from the first oil tank to the washing tank, the partition between the first oil tank and the washing tank temporarily fails, and the magnetic substance flows into the washing tank; after the sliding block passes through the partition between the first oil groove and the washing tank, the partition is recovered, and the first oil groove and the washing tank are continuously separated.
In step S3, when the slider slides from the second oil groove to the elution groove, the partition between the second oil groove and the elution groove temporarily fails, and the magnetic substance flows into the elution groove; after the sliding block passes through the partition between the second oil groove and the elution groove, the partition is recovered, and the second oil groove and the elution groove are continuously separated.
The embodiment also provides a totally-enclosed integrated reagent extraction and amplification device, as shown in fig. 8-14, which comprises an extraction bin 21, a lysis mechanism 22, a washing mechanism 23, an elution mechanism 24, a driving mechanism 25, an amplification tube 26 and a top cover 27.
Wherein, the extraction bin 21 comprises a cracking mechanism 22, a washing mechanism 23, an elution mechanism 24 and a buffer solution groove 2101 which are distributed in sequence according to the flow direction of the sample.
A cracking reagent and a magnetic substance are arranged in the cracking mechanism 22; the magnetic substance is magnetic beads.
The washing mechanism 23 includes a first oil tank 2301 and a washing tank 2302 in which a washing liquid is filled; the first oil tank 2301 is located between the cracking mechanism 22 and the washing tank 2302.
The elution mechanism 24 comprises a second oil groove 2401 and an elution groove 2402, wherein an elution liquid is arranged in the elution groove 2402; the second oil groove 2401 is positioned between the washing groove 2302 and the elution groove 2402; oil phases are arranged in the first oil groove 2301 and the second oil groove 2401; a movable partition is arranged between every two adjacent grooves; a movable partition is arranged between the cracking mechanism 22 and the first oil tank 2301.
The cracking mechanism 22 comprises a sample slot 2201, a magnetic slot 2202, a cracking slot 2203 and a combination slot 2204 which are distributed in sequence according to the flow direction of the sample; a movable partition is arranged between two adjacent grooves in the cracking mechanism 22; a movable partition is arranged between the combination groove 2204 and the first oil groove 2301; the sample groove 2201 is provided with a feed port 2205 for adding a sample, and the feed port 2205 is provided with a sample cover 2206 for closing the sample groove 2201 after the sample is added.
The cracking reagent comprises a cracking reinforcing agent and a cracking binding solution which are respectively arranged in the cracking groove 2203 and the binding groove 2204; the magnetic substance is provided in the magnetic groove 2202.
The driving mechanism 25 includes a sliding block 2501 capable of sliding in the direction of the sample flow and a power unit (not shown) for driving the sliding block 2501 to operate, the power unit is a motor; a magnet 2502 is arranged on the sliding block 2501; the magnet 2502 is located at the center of the slider 2501, and is an electromagnet.
An amplification tube 26 is located downstream of the elution mechanism 24; the amplification tube 26 is connected to the elution tank 2402.
The buffer liquid groove 2101 is positioned at the downstream of the elution groove 2402, and a movable partition is arranged between the buffer liquid groove 2101 and the elution groove 2402; buffer reservoir 2101 is located upstream of amplification tube 26 and is in communication with amplification tube 26; the buffer liquid groove 2101 is connected with the amplification tube 26 through a connecting head 2102, and a discharge port 2103 is arranged on the connecting head 2102; the sample flows from the buffer tank 2101 into the amplification tube 26 through the discharge port 2103.
In this embodiment, a rotatable sealing shaft 28 is disposed between two adjacent grooves, a channel 2801 and a knob 2802 are disposed on the sealing shaft 28, and the knob 2802 is located above the channel 2801; the top cover 27 is detachably connected with the top end of the extraction bin 21 and seals each groove of the extraction bin 21; a sealing groove 29 matched with the sealing shaft 28 is arranged between every two adjacent grooves, and the sealing groove 29 is arranged corresponding to the sealing shaft 28.
The top cover 27 is provided with a plurality of rotating holes 2701 and two piston holes 2702, which are arranged corresponding to the seal shaft 28; the knobs 2802 pass through the corresponding rotation holes 2701; two piston bores 2702 are located above the elution tank 2402 and the buffer tank 2101, respectively; each piston bore 2702 is penetrated by a piston 2703.
The method of use of this example is as follows:
1. removing the sample cover 2206, adding the sample, and covering the sample cover 2206; at this time, the channel 2801 is perpendicular to the connecting line between the two side grooves, so as to prevent the circulation of the substances in the two grooves and play a role in isolation;
2. under the driving of the power unit, the slide block 2501 moves toward the amplification tube 26; when the slider 2501 passes the seal shaft 28, the seal shaft 28 rotates 90 °, and the channel 2801 connects two adjacent slots;
3. the sample flows into the magnetic slot 2202 through the channel 2801, and the magnetic substance carries the sample information; under the action of the magnet 2502, the magnetic substance carrying sample information continues to move along with the slide block 2501; repeating step 2 while passing the seal shaft 28; the sealing shaft 28 between the first oil groove 2301 and the washing groove 2302 and the sealing shaft 28 between the second oil groove 2401 and the elution groove 2402 rotate 90 degrees after the slider 2501 passes through, and then the grooves on both sides are closed again; the remaining seal shafts 28 are no longer rotating;
4. when the magnetic substance remains in the elution tank 2402 and the nucleic acid remains in the buffer reservoir 2101, the piston 2703 is pushed down to press the buffer reservoir 2101; the liquid in the buffer solution reservoir 2101 flows into the amplification tube 26, and PCR amplification is performed in the amplification tube 26.
Example 3
This example differs from example 1 in that: performing amplification reaction in a buffer solution tank without an amplification tube; at this time, a connector is not required to be arranged, and a discharge port is directly arranged on the buffer liquid tank and used for flowing out of the sample after the amplification reaction.
Example 4
This example differs from example 2 in that: the extraction bin is vertically arranged.
Example 5
This example differs from example 1 in that: a third oil groove is arranged between the buffer liquid groove and the amplification tube, and an oil phase is arranged in the third oil groove; a detachable fixing clamp is arranged between the buffer liquid groove and the third oil groove, and a detachable fixing clamp is arranged between the amplification tube and the third oil groove.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made without departing from the scope of the invention, and it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.
Claims (4)
1. A totally-enclosed integrated reagent extraction and amplification method is carried out in a reagent extraction and amplification device; the reagent extraction and amplification device comprises an extraction bin, a driving mechanism and an amplification tube, wherein the extraction bin comprises a cracking mechanism, a washing mechanism and an elution mechanism which are sequentially distributed according to the flow direction of a sample; a cracking reagent and a magnetic substance are arranged in the cracking mechanism, washing liquid is arranged in the washing mechanism, and eluent is arranged in the elution mechanism; a movable partition is arranged between the adjacent mechanisms; the driving mechanism comprises a sliding block which can slide according to the flow direction of the sample, and a magnet is arranged on the sliding block; the amplification tube is positioned at the downstream of the elution mechanism and is communicated with the elution mechanism; the magnet is an electromagnet; the slide block drives the magnetic substance to move through the magnet in the sliding process; wherein the reagent extraction and amplification method comprises the following steps:
step S1: adding the sample into the cracking mechanism, cracking the sample in a cracking reagent, and releasing nucleic acid; the nucleic acid is combined with the magnetic substance;
step S2: the slide block moves towards the direction of the amplification tube, the partition is invalid, and the magnetic substance flows into the washing mechanism; the magnetic substance is uniformly diffused into the washing liquid; impurities on the magnetic substance are washed away and transferred to the washing liquid;
step S3: the slide block continues to move, the partition is invalid, and the magnetic substance flows into the elution mechanism; the magnetic substance is uniformly diffused into the eluent; the nucleic acid on the magnetic substance is washed away and transferred to the eluent;
step S4: flowing the nucleic acid-containing eluate into the amplification tube, and performing PCR amplification in the amplification tube;
the washing mechanism comprises a first oil groove and a washing groove, and washing liquid is arranged in the washing groove; the first oil groove is positioned between the cracking mechanism and the washing tank;
the elution mechanism comprises a second oil groove and an elution groove, and an eluent is arranged in the elution groove; the second oil groove is positioned between the washing tank and the elution tank; oil phases are arranged in the first oil groove and the second oil groove; a movable partition is arranged between every two adjacent grooves; a movable partition is arranged between the cracking mechanism and the first oil groove; the amplification tube is connected with the elution tank;
the cracking mechanism comprises a magnetic groove, a cracking groove and a combination groove which are distributed in sequence according to the flow direction of the sample; a movable partition is arranged between every two adjacent grooves in the cracking mechanism; a movable partition is arranged between the combination groove and the first oil groove;
the extraction bin further comprises a buffer liquid groove, the buffer liquid groove is positioned at the downstream of the elution groove, and a movable partition is arranged between the buffer liquid groove and the elution groove; the buffer solution groove is positioned at the upstream of the amplification tube and is communicated with the amplification tube.
2. The reagent extraction amplification method of claim 1, wherein the lysis mechanism further comprises a sample well located upstream of the magnetic well, the sample being located in the sample well; the cracking reagent comprises a cracking reinforcing agent and a cracking binding solution which are respectively arranged in the cracking groove and the binding groove; the magnetic substance is arranged in the magnetic groove.
3. The reagent extraction amplification method according to claim 2, wherein in step S2, when the slider slides from the first oil tank to the washing tank, a partition between the first oil tank and the washing tank temporarily fails, and a magnetic substance flows into the washing tank; and after the sliding block passes through the partition between the first oil groove and the washing tank, the partition is recovered, and the first oil groove and the washing tank are continuously partitioned.
4. The reagent extraction amplification method according to claim 1, wherein, in step S3, when the slider slides from the second oil tank to the elution tank, a partition between the second oil tank and the elution tank temporarily fails, and a magnetic substance flows into the elution tank; and after the sliding block passes through the partition between the second oil groove and the elution groove, the partition is recovered, and the second oil groove and the elution groove are continuously separated.
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| CN111321056B (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2023-11-21 | 浙江大学 | Cartridge device and method for nucleic acid extraction and analysis |
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