CN108911858A - A kind of sustained release agricultural microbial inoculum - Google Patents
A kind of sustained release agricultural microbial inoculum Download PDFInfo
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- CN108911858A CN108911858A CN201810905446.7A CN201810905446A CN108911858A CN 108911858 A CN108911858 A CN 108911858A CN 201810905446 A CN201810905446 A CN 201810905446A CN 108911858 A CN108911858 A CN 108911858A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
- C05G5/37—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings layered or coated with a polymer
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Immobilizing And Processing Of Enzymes And Microorganisms (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of agriculture microbial inoculum of sustained release, the sustained release agricultural microbial inoculum includes including microorganism, binder, dopamine or its salt, the high-polymer molecule, sodium alginate and Ca2+.Then the present invention coats superabsorbent water the high-polymer molecule on dopamine surface, finally by sodium alginate and Ca by the way that dopamine is attached to the surface that agricultural uses microbial inoculum particle2+It is coated on the high-polymer molecule surface, so that a kind of agricultural microbial inoculum that can effectively keep soil moisture and slow release viable bacteria is prepared, to improve the utilization efficiency of soil moisture and microbial inoculum.The present invention is sustained agriculture microbial inoculum, slowly discharges the viable bacteria beneficial to crop growth by continuing, the sustainable nutritional condition and nutrient supply situation for improving crop inhibits harmful microbe activity, realize the efficient utilization of microbial inoculum.The agriculture microbial inoculum of sustained release provided by the invention, preparation process is simple and environmentally-friendly, does not use organic solvent, is suitable for industrial mass production application.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fertilizer development technical fields, and in particular to a kind of sustained release agricultural microbial inoculum.
Background technique
The use of agricultural micro organism microbial inoculum greatly reduces the dosage and its bring pollution of chemical fertilizer.Agricultural micro organism
Microbial inoculum can improve the nutritional condition of crop by the vital movement of wherein microorganism as a kind of bio-feritlizer and nutrient supplies
Situation is answered, accelerates absorption and conversion, inhibition harmful microbe activity of nutrient etc., in modern agricultural production, is largely made
With, therefore new agricultural micro organism microbial inoculum is developed, its application efficiency and utilization rate are improved, there is weight for modern agricultural production
Want meaning.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of sustained release agricultural microbial inoculums.The present invention is by being attached to agricultural microbial inoculum particle for dopamine
Surface, then dopamine surface coat superabsorbent water the high-polymer molecule, finally by sodium alginate and Ca2+It is coated on high polymer point
Sublist face, so that a kind of agricultural microbial inoculum that can effectively keep soil moisture and slow release viable bacteria is prepared, to improve soil
The utilization efficiency of earth liquid manure and microbial inoculum.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of microbial inoculum, the microbial inoculum include microorganism, binder, dopamine or its
Salt, the high-polymer molecule, sodium alginate and Ca2+。
Specifically, the microbial inoculum further includes following 1) -4) described at least one：
1) binder includes that the nutriment of its metabolism or breeding can be provided for the microorganism；Specifically, the bonding
Agent includes starch and/or water；
2) microorganism includes the microorganism beneficial to plant growth；Specifically, the microorganism includes bacillus subtilis
Bacterium, saccharomycete and/or lactic acid bacteria；Again specifically, when the microorganism includes bacillus subtilis, saccharomycete and lactic acid bacteria,
Bacillus subtilis, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria mass ratio be 1: 1: 1；
3) the high-polymer molecule includes superabsorbent water the high-polymer molecule；Specifically, the superabsorbent water the high-polymer molecule includes
The high-polymer molecule as made of acrylamide and acroleic acid polymerization；
4) dopamine or its salt are covered on the surface of the microorganism and/or binder, and the high-polymer molecule is covered
Cover the surface in the dopamine or its salt；The sodium alginate and Ca2+It is coated on the high-polymer molecule surface.
Specifically, the microbial inoculum is prepared by the following method：
After microorganism and binder mixing granulation, in the Tris-HCl buffer of pH value 8~8.5, with hydrochloric acid DOPA
Amine is stirred at room temperature 2h or more together, after suction filtration, place the product in reaction vessel, adds ultrapure water, leads to N2, it is added into solution high
Monomer, crosslinking agent, the catalyst of polymers molecule are protected from light and continue logical N2, stir at room temperature, reaction vessel be then transferred to ice bath
Middle stirring is added initiator, is transferred in closed mold after stirring, polymerize at room temperature for 24 hours, and product is crushed to obtain surface cladding
The agricultural of super Water-absorbing high polymer microbial inoculum particle；
Water is added after sodium alginate is mixed with the agricultural that above-mentioned surface coats super Water-absorbing high polymer with microbial inoculum particle,
Obtain mixed solution；Mixed solution is added drop-wise to CaCl2In aqueous solution；It filters and is rinsed with deionized water, drying to constant weight is
?；
Specifically, when the binder includes starch and water, when the microorganism includes bacillus subtilis, saccharomycete
When with lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, starch and water mass ratio be 2: 2: 2: 2: 1.
Specifically, the method includes：
It is 2: 2: 2: 2: 1 bacillus subtilis by mass ratio, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, starch, water addition high-speed stirring mixing
Grain mechanism grain, 30-37 DEG C of fluidized drying to water content 3-5% cross 20 meshes up to agricultural microbial inoculum granule；
It weighs 1.5g Tris to be placed in a beaker, 900mL deionized water about is added, with the HCl of 6M by Tris-HCl solution
PH is adjusted to 8~8.5；The agricultural of above-mentioned preparation microbial inoculum granule 50g is added in above-mentioned Tris-HCl solution, and solution is determined
Hold to 1L；5g Dopamine hydrochloride is added, 2h or more is stirred at room temperature, filter surface package is attached with the agricultural microbial inoculum of dopamine
Particle；
It takes the surface of the above-mentioned preparation of 1-5g to wrap up the agricultural microbial inoculum particle for being attached with dopamine, is placed in the reaction of 100ml
In container, 50ml ultrapure water is added；Logical N20.5h removes dissolved oxygen therein, is added into solution by a certain amount of monomer propylene
Amide (AM), acrylic acid (AA), crosslinking agent Al (OH)3NPs and catalyst TEMED, dosage are respectively AA 2.16g/100g
H2O, AM19.1g/100g H2O、Al(OH)3NPs 5g/100gH28 μ L/100gH of O and TEMED2O is kept away under tinfoil cladding
Light continues logical N2, quick magnetic agitation 15min at room temperature；Then reaction vessel is transferred in ice bath and is slowly stirred 5min, added
Entering initiator KPS, (KPS dosage is 2g/100g H2O), it is transferred quickly in closed mold after stirring 30s, polymerize at room temperature
24h；Finally product is crushed, successively uses deionized water and ethanol washing, room temperature is dried to constant weight, and by 200 meshes, obtains table
Bread covers the agricultural microbial inoculum particle of super Water-absorbing high polymer；
In mass ratio 1: 0.5~1: 2, the agricultural that sodium alginate and above-mentioned surface coat super Water-absorbing high polymer is used into bacterium
The mixing of agent particle, takes 1-5g mixture to be added in 50ml water, obtains mixed solution；Mixed solution is slowly dropped to 0.5~
The CaCl of 1wt%2In aqueous solution；The volume ratio of mixed solution and calcium chloride water is 1: 4；After a period of time, by chlorination
The filtering of calcium crosslinker solution is simultaneously rinsed with deionized water to remove excessive calcium chloride, is then dried product to perseverance at 37 DEG C
Weight；
In the method, method after each compound is zoomed in or out together in proportion, also in protection model of the invention
Within enclosing.
It is a further object to provide a kind of preparation method of microbial inoculum, the method includes：By microorganism and glue
After tying agent mixing granulation, in the Tris-HCl buffer of pH value 8~8.5,2h or more is stirred at room temperature together with Dopamine hydrochloride,
After suction filtration, place the product in reaction vessel, add ultrapure water, leads to N2, monomer, the crosslinking of the high-polymer molecule are added into solution
Agent, catalyst are protected from light and continue logical N2, it stirs at room temperature, then reaction vessel is transferred in ice bath and is stirred, initiator is added,
Be transferred in closed mold after stirring, polymerize at room temperature for 24 hours, by product crush surface coats super Water-absorbing high polymer
Agricultural microbial inoculum particle；
Water is added after sodium alginate is mixed with the agricultural that above-mentioned surface coats super Water-absorbing high polymer with microbial inoculum particle,
Obtain mixed solution；Mixed solution is added drop-wise to CaCl2In aqueous solution；It filters and is rinsed with deionized water, drying to constant weight is
?.
Specifically, the method also includes following 1) -4) described at least one：
1) binder includes that the nutriment of its metabolism or breeding can be provided for the microorganism；Specifically, the bonding
Agent includes starch and/or water；
2) microorganism includes the microorganism beneficial to plant growth；Specifically, the microorganism includes bacillus subtilis
Bacterium, saccharomycete and/or lactic acid bacteria；Again specifically, when the microorganism includes bacillus subtilis, saccharomycete and lactic acid bacteria,
Bacillus subtilis, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria mass ratio be 1: 1: 1；
3) the high-polymer molecule includes superabsorbent water the high-polymer molecule；Specifically, the superabsorbent water the high-polymer molecule includes
The high-polymer molecule as made of acrylamide and acroleic acid polymerization；
4) when the binder includes starch and water, when the microorganism includes bacillus subtilis, saccharomycete and cream
When sour bacterium, bacillus subtilis, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, starch and water mass ratio be 2: 2: 2: 2: 1.
Specifically, the method includes：
It is 2: 2: 2: 2: 1 bacillus subtilis by mass ratio, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, starch, water addition high-speed stirring mixing
Grain mechanism grain, 30-37 DEG C of fluidized drying to water content 3-5% cross 20 meshes up to agricultural microbial inoculum granule；
It weighs 1.5g Tris to be placed in a beaker, 900mL deionized water about is added, with the HCl of 6M by Tris-HCl solution
PH is adjusted to 8~8.5；The agricultural of above-mentioned preparation microbial inoculum granule 50g is added in above-mentioned Tris-HCl solution, and solution is determined
Hold to 1L；5g Dopamine hydrochloride is added, 2h or more is stirred at room temperature, filter surface package is attached with the agricultural microbial inoculum of dopamine
Particle；
It takes the surface of the above-mentioned preparation of 1-5g to wrap up the agricultural microbial inoculum particle for being attached with dopamine, is placed in the reaction of 100ml
In container, 50ml ultrapure water is added；Logical N20.5h removes dissolved oxygen therein, is added into solution by a certain amount of monomer propylene
Amide (AM), acrylic acid (AA), crosslinking agent Al (OH)3NPs and catalyst TEMED, dosage are respectively AA 2.16g/100g
H2O, AM19.1g/100g H2O、Al(OH)3NPs 5g/100gH28 μ L/100gH of O and TEMED2O is kept away under tinfoil cladding
Light continues logical N2, quick magnetic agitation 15min at room temperature；Then reaction vessel is transferred in ice bath and is slowly stirred 5min, added
Entering initiator KPS, (KPS dosage is 2g/100g H2O), it is transferred quickly in closed mold after stirring 30s, polymerize at room temperature
24h；Finally product is crushed, successively uses deionized water and ethanol washing, room temperature is dried to constant weight, and by 200 meshes, obtains table
Bread covers the agricultural microbial inoculum particle of super Water-absorbing high polymer；
In mass ratio 1: 0.5~1: 2, the agricultural that sodium alginate and above-mentioned surface coat super Water-absorbing high polymer is used into bacterium
The mixing of agent particle, takes 1-5g mixture to be added in 50ml water, obtains mixed solution；Mixed solution is slowly dropped to 0.5~
The CaCl of 1wt%2In aqueous solution；The volume ratio of mixed solution and calcium chloride water is 1: 4；After a period of time, by chlorination
The filtering of calcium crosslinker solution is simultaneously rinsed with deionized water to remove excessive calcium chloride, is then dried product to perseverance at 37 DEG C
Weight；
In the method, method after each compound is zoomed in or out together in proportion, also in protection model of the invention
Within enclosing.
Of the invention a further object is provides the present invention microbial inoculum that any the method is prepared.
It is also another object of the present invention to provide the applications of any microbial inoculum of the present invention.
Specifically, the application includes following 1) -4) described at least one：
1) sustained release or controlled release product as the bacterium of useful plants growth；
2) product as useful plants growth；
3) as Ecological Distribution of Soil Microorganisms or the adjusting product of nutrition condition；
4) as the sustained release of bio-feritlizer or controlled release product.
The plant includes crops；
The bacterium bag of the useful plants growth includes bacillus subtilis, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria；Specifically, the withered grass bud
Spore bacillus, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria mass ratio be 1: 1: 1.
It is also another object of the present invention to provide the applications of any the method for the present invention.
Specifically, the application includes following 1) -4) described at least one：
1) application in the product or its Related product that preparation has the bacterium of sustained release or the growth of controlled release useful plants；
2) application in the product or its Related product that preparation has useful plants growth；
3) there is the application in the product or its Related product for adjusting Ecological Distribution of Soil Microorganisms or nutrition condition in preparation；
4) application in the product or its Related product that preparation has sustained release or control release biological fertilizer.
The plant includes crops；
The bacterium bag of the useful plants growth includes bacillus subtilis, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria；Specifically, the withered grass bud
Spore bacillus, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria mass ratio be 1: 1: 1.
One kind provided by the invention, has at least the following advantages：
(1) present invention is sustained agriculture microbial inoculum, slowly discharges the viable bacteria beneficial to crop growth by continuing, can hold
The nutritional condition and nutrient supply situation of continuous improvement crop, inhibit harmful microbe activity, to improve the growth of crop
Rate, the disease-resistant anti-adversity ability for enhancing crop.
(2) the agriculture microbial inoculum of sustained release provided by the invention, preparation process is simple and environmentally-friendly, does not use organic solvent, is suitble to
In industrial mass production application.
(3) in a specific embodiment, the present invention is pelletized after being mixed using starch with viable bacteria, and gained particle is water-soluble
Property is poor, is able to maintain aggregate state in water, is conducive to the cladding of dopamine or high polymer；In addition, the starch in particle can be made
For nutriment, be conducive to improve number of viable, viable bacteria also helps intragranular disintegration release to the degradation of starch simultaneously and lives
Bacterium, i.e., creative regard viable bacteria as disintegrating agent, need not the additional disintegrating agent of addition in pelletization.
(4) present invention is sustained agriculture microbial inoculum, can effectively keep soil moisture and slow release viable bacteria, specific at one
In embodiment, high polymer of the present invention has selected super absorbent polymer, and super absorbent polymer can be absorbed greater than its weight tens
Thousands of times of water is arrived again.The sustained release agricultural microbial inoculum prepared using super absorbent polymer can absorb the moisture saved in soil,
Its moisture saved can promote its internal beneficial microorganism growth and breeding wrapped up again, slow down soil moisture evaporation
Speed simultaneously, can continue slowly to discharge viable bacteria into soil, improve soil moisture, imitate beneficial to viable bacteria and utilizing for nutrient
Rate.
(5) present invention is sustained agriculture microbial inoculum, and in a specific embodiment, the high polymer that the present invention selects is with temperature
The raising of degree, super absorbent polymer show the enhancing of water absorbing capacity, thus under slowing down 35 DEG C or more of hot environment, soil and
The rapid evaporation and release of nutrient, moisture, improve the utilization rate of liquid manure in fertilizer.In addition, with the raising of temperature, the polymerization of superabsorbent water
Object shows the decline of water holding capacity, this performance is conducive under hot environment, and the present invention is sustained agricultural microbial inoculum intelligent control
Itself is sustained a certain amount of moisture, reduces the temperature of crop ambient enviroment, and crop is helped to resist hot environment.
(6) sodium alginate and Ca2+It is cross-linked to form three-dimensional netted " eggshell " structure, wraps up coating superabsorbent water polymerization therein
The viable bacteria kernel of object achievees the purpose that be sustained viable bacteria using the variation of inside and outside osmotic pressure.With super absorbent polymer absorb water swelling,
" eggshell " inside water pressure is also gradually increased, interior to be inhaled when " eggshell " inside water pressure is greater than the hydraulic pressure of external soil or environment
The viable bacteria kernel of the water dissolution of receipts is discharged into outside with water, and the portion of water of release is utilized by soil absorption, external soil
Hydraulic pressure in earth increases, high polymer again by soil water and the absorption of viable bacteria kernel wrap up into sodium alginate and Ca2+It is cross-linked to form
In three-dimensional netted " eggshell " structure, repeatedly, achieve the purpose that slow release water and viable bacteria.
Specific embodiment
Made in following embodiments, experimental method is conventional method unless otherwise specified.
Material as used in the following examples etc., is commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Following embodiments and its illustrate for explanation and understanding the present invention, do not constitute to improper limit of the invention
It is fixed.
The preparation of embodiment 1, the agriculture microbial inoculum of sustained release
(1) the agricultural preparation of microbial inoculum granule
It is 2: 2: 2: 2: 1 bacillus subtilis by mass ratio, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, starch, water addition high-speed stirring mixing
Grain mechanism grain, 30-37 DEG C of fluidized drying to water content 3-5% cross 20 meshes up to agricultural microbial inoculum granule.
(2) agricultural microbial inoculum granule surface package attachment dopamine
It weighs 1.5g Tris to be placed in a beaker, 900mL deionized water about is added, with the HCl of 6M by Tris-HCl solution
PH is adjusted to 8~8.5；The agricultural of above-mentioned preparation microbial inoculum granule 50g is added in above-mentioned Tris-HCl solution, and solution is determined
Hold to 1L；5g Dopamine hydrochloride is added, 2h or more is stirred at room temperature, filter surface package is attached with the agricultural microbial inoculum of dopamine
Particle.
(3) cladding of superabsorbent water the high-polymer molecule materials A A-co-AM
It takes the surface of the above-mentioned preparation of 1-5g to wrap up the agricultural microbial inoculum particle for being attached with dopamine, is placed in the reaction of 100ml
In container, 50ml ultrapure water is added；Logical N20.5h removes dissolved oxygen therein, is added into solution by a certain amount of monomer propylene
Amide (AM), acrylic acid (AA), crosslinking agent Al (OH)3NPs and catalyst TEMED, dosage are respectively AA 2.16g/100g
H2O, AM19.1g/100g H2O、Al(OH)3NPs 5g/100gH28 μ L/100gH of O and TEMED2O is kept away under tinfoil cladding
Light continues logical N2, quick magnetic agitation 15min at room temperature.Then reaction vessel is transferred in ice bath and is slowly stirred 5min, added
Entering initiator KPS, (KPS dosage is 2g/100g H2O), it is transferred quickly in closed mold after stirring 30s, polymerize at room temperature
24h.Finally product is crushed, successively uses deionized water and ethanol washing, room temperature is dried to constant weight, and by 200 meshes, obtains table
Bread covers the agricultural microbial inoculum particle of super Water-absorbing high polymer.
(4) it is sustained the preparation of agriculture microbial inoculum
In mass ratio 1: 0.5~1: 2, the agricultural that sodium alginate and above-mentioned surface coat super Water-absorbing high polymer is used into bacterium
The mixing of agent particle, takes 1-5g mixture to be added in 50ml water, obtains mixed solution；Mixed solution is slowly dropped to 0.5~
The CaCl of 1wt%2In aqueous solution.The volume ratio of mixed solution and calcium chloride water is 1: 4.After a period of time, by chlorination
The filtering of calcium crosslinker solution is simultaneously rinsed with deionized water to remove excessive calcium chloride, is then dried product to perseverance at 37 DEG C
Weight.
The performance of embodiment 2, the agriculture microbial inoculum of sustained release
(1) water suction and water retention property test of agriculture microbial inoculum are sustained
The sustained release agricultural microbial inoculum prepared according to 1 the method for embodiment is taken, when testing 15 DEG C, 25 DEG C, 35 DEG C respectively, institute
The agriculture microbial inoculum of sustained release is stated to the water retention (wt%) after the absorbability (g/g) and 12h of 0.9wt%NaCl aqueous solution, test
The results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1
Table 1 the result shows that, the water suction of the agriculture microbial inoculum of sustained release of 1 the method for embodiment preparation, water retention property are excellent, and
And as the temperature rises, water absorbing capacity is gradually increasing, and therefore, which can effectively avoid the moisture in soil with microbial inoculum
Excessive evaporation, especially at temperature higher summer and noon, so, the sustained release agricultural with microbial inoculum be suitble to early rice, winter wheat with
And the application in the biggish crop planting area of the morning and evening temperature difference, and at noon summer of high temperature, sustained release agricultural provided by the invention is used
Microbial inoculum can be also automatically saved to a certain extent in soil and its water of package, viable bacteria are not lost, and kept soil liquid manure, improved microbial inoculum
Utilization efficiency.
In addition, as the temperature rises, the water absorbing capacity of the agriculture microbial inoculum of the sustained release of 1 the method for embodiment preparation is presented
While the trend of liter, water holding capacity is on a declining curve, and water absorbing capacity rising is conducive to be sustained the synthermal raising of agriculture microbial inoculum
Caused water evaporation rate accelerates to compete, and reduces the evaporation waste of moisture, meanwhile, sustained release agricultural microbial inoculum water holding capacity
Decline, be conducive to be sustained agriculture microbial inoculum slow-released part moisture and viable bacteria into soil, the temperature on crop periphery be effectively reduced,
Be conducive to plant resistant hot environment.
(2) viable bacteria release experiment
The multi-functional sustained release agricultural microbial inoculum 6g prepared according to 1 the method for embodiment is taken, is equally divided into 3 parts, respectively
It is placed 10 days in 15 DEG C, 25 DEG C, 35 DEG C of environment (humidity keeps 40% or less), when then detecting different temperatures difference and placing
Between under, be sustained the viable bacteria burst size of agriculture microbial inoculum.
Plate detection method detects viable bacteria and discharges quantity measuring method：
1) in 1.2 micron membrane filter of suction funnel middle berth, the sample after placement is placed on filter membrane, is filtered, side is taken out when suction filtration
Vacuum side is into funnel plus sterile water, the total volume of sterile water are 10 times of sample quality；The step does not discharge viable bacteria for filtering off
Surface package be attached with the sustained release agricultural microbial inoculum of sodium alginate and the high-polymer molecule；
2) collect filtrate, be added bead, stand 20min, on rotary shaker 200r/min vibrate 30min to get
Mother liquor bacteria suspension；
3) it draws the above-mentioned mother liquor bacteria suspension of 5.0ml respectively with Sterile pipette to be added in 45ml sterile water, is by volume 1
: 10 ratio is serially diluted, and a series of dilution bacteria suspensions of different extension rates are respectively obtained；
4) each sample takes 3 dilutions for being continuously suitable for, and draws different dilution bacteria suspensions respectively with Sterile pipette
0.1ml is added on solid agar medium, and the bacteria suspension of different dilutions is uniformly applied to solid with sterile glass scraper respectively
On agar medium；Each dilution is repeated 3 times, while making blank control with sterile water, is trained in 37 DEG C of constant incubator
Support 12-36h；
5) bacterium colony is counted calculates with viable count purpose in sample：According to national standards the method in GB20287-2006 into
Row.
Testing result is as shown in table 2.Table 2 the result shows that, the sustained release agricultural being prepared according to 1 the method for embodiment is used
Microbial inoculum can effectively discharge viable bacteria, and as the temperature rises, and the burst size of viable bacteria also gradually increases, but rate of release is to subtract
Slow.This is the experimental results showed that sustained release agricultural provided by the invention is very suitable to the fertilising of early rice and winter wheat with microbial inoculum.And
In the summer of high temperature, the agriculture microbial inoculum of sustained release provided by the invention can slow down the release of the viable bacteria of its package to a certain degree.Therefore
When crop slow growth itself, do not need excessive fertilizer, sustained release agricultural microbial inoculum viable bacteria rate of release provided by the invention
Slow down, is to a certain extent exactly the utilization efficiency for improving viable bacteria.
Table 2
Embodiments of the present invention above described embodiment only expresses, the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but can not
Therefore limitations on the scope of the patent of the present invention are interpreted as, as long as skill obtained in the form of equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations
Art scheme should all be fallen within the scope and spirit of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of microbial inoculum, which is characterized in that the microbial inoculum include microorganism, binder, dopamine or its salt, the high-polymer molecule,
Sodium alginate and Ca2+。
2. microbial inoculum according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the microbial inoculum further includes following 1) -4) described at least
It is a kind of：
1) binder includes that the nutriment of its metabolism or breeding can be provided for the microorganism；Specifically, the binder packet
Include starch and/or water；
2) microorganism includes the microorganism beneficial to plant growth；Specifically, the microorganism includes bacillus subtilis, ferment
Female bacterium and/or lactic acid bacteria；Again specifically, when the microorganism includes bacillus subtilis, saccharomycete and lactic acid bacteria, withered grass bud
Spore bacillus, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria mass ratio be 1: 1: 1；
3) the high-polymer molecule includes superabsorbent water the high-polymer molecule；Specifically, the superabsorbent water the high-polymer molecule includes by third
The high-polymer molecule made of acrylamide and acroleic acid polymerization；
4) dopamine or its salt are covered on the surface of the microorganism and/or binder, and the high-polymer molecule is covered on
The surface of the dopamine or its salt；The sodium alginate and Ca2+It is coated on the high-polymer molecule surface.
3. according to claim 1 and/or microbial inoculum described in 2, which is characterized in that the microbial inoculum is prepared by the following method：
After microorganism and binder mixing granulation, in the Tris-HCl buffer of pH value 8~8.5, with Dopamine hydrochloride one
It rises and 2h or more is stirred at room temperature, after suction filtration, place the product in reaction vessel, add ultrapure water, lead to N2, high polymer is added into solution
Monomer, crosslinking agent, the catalyst of molecule are protected from light and continue logical N2, stir at room temperature, then reaction vessel be transferred in ice bath and is stirred
It mixes, initiator is added, is transferred in closed mold after stirring, polymerize at room temperature for 24 hours, product is crushed into obtain surface cladding superabsorbent
The agricultural of water high molecular material microbial inoculum particle；
Water is added after sodium alginate is mixed with the agricultural that above-mentioned surface coats super Water-absorbing high polymer with microbial inoculum particle, obtains
Mixed solution；Mixed solution is added drop-wise to CaCl2In aqueous solution；It filters and is simultaneously rinsed with deionized water, dried to constant weight to obtain the final product；
Specifically, when the binder includes starch and water, when the microorganism includes bacillus subtilis, saccharomycete and cream
When sour bacterium, bacillus subtilis, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, starch and water mass ratio be 2: 2: 2: 2: 1.
4. a kind of preparation method of microbial inoculum, which is characterized in that the method includes：After microorganism and binder mixing granulation,
In the Tris-HCl buffer of pH value 8~8.5, it is stirred at room temperature 2h or more together with Dopamine hydrochloride, after suction filtration, product is set
In reaction vessel, add ultrapure water, leads to N2, into solution be added the high-polymer molecule monomer, crosslinking agent, catalyst, be protected from light after
Continuous logical N2, stir at room temperature, then reaction vessel be transferred in ice bath and is stirred, initiator is added, is transferred to after stirring closed
In mold, polymerize at room temperature for 24 hours, by product crush surface coats the agricultural microbial inoculum particle of super Water-absorbing high polymer；
Water is added after sodium alginate is mixed with the agricultural that above-mentioned surface coats super Water-absorbing high polymer with microbial inoculum particle, obtains
Mixed solution；Mixed solution is added drop-wise to CaCl2In aqueous solution；It filters and is simultaneously rinsed with deionized water, dried to constant weight to obtain the final product.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the method also includes following 1) -4) described at least
It is a kind of：
1) binder includes that the nutriment of its metabolism or breeding can be provided for the microorganism；Specifically, the binder packet
Include starch and/or water；
2) microorganism includes the microorganism beneficial to plant growth；Specifically, the microorganism includes bacillus subtilis, ferment
Female bacterium and/or lactic acid bacteria；Again specifically, when the microorganism includes bacillus subtilis, saccharomycete and lactic acid bacteria, withered grass bud
Spore bacillus, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria mass ratio be 1: 1: 1；
3) the high-polymer molecule includes superabsorbent water the high-polymer molecule；Specifically, the superabsorbent water the high-polymer molecule includes by third
The high-polymer molecule made of acrylamide and acroleic acid polymerization；
4) when the binder includes starch and water, when the microorganism includes bacillus subtilis, saccharomycete and lactic acid bacteria
When, bacillus subtilis, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, starch and water mass ratio be 2: 2: 2: 2: 1.
6. the microbial inoculum being prepared by claim 4 and/or 5 the methods.
7. the application of microbial inoculum described in any microbial inoculum of claim 1-3 and/or claim 6.
8. application according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the application includes following 1) -4) described at least one
Kind：
1) sustained release or controlled release product as the bacterium of useful plants growth；
2) product as useful plants growth；
3) as Ecological Distribution of Soil Microorganisms or the adjusting product of nutrition condition；
4) as the sustained release of bio-feritlizer or controlled release product.
9. the application of claim 4 and/or 5 the methods.
10. application according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the application includes following 1) -4) described at least one
Kind：
1) application in the product or its Related product that preparation has the bacterium of sustained release or the growth of controlled release useful plants；
2) application in the product or its Related product that preparation has useful plants growth；
3) there is the application in the product or its Related product for adjusting Ecological Distribution of Soil Microorganisms or nutrition condition in preparation；
4) application in the product or its Related product that preparation has sustained release or control release biological fertilizer.
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