CN108903963A - A kind of X-ray blocks component and its preceding collimator - Google Patents

A kind of X-ray blocks component and its preceding collimator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108903963A
CN108903963A CN201810475883.XA CN201810475883A CN108903963A CN 108903963 A CN108903963 A CN 108903963A CN 201810475883 A CN201810475883 A CN 201810475883A CN 108903963 A CN108903963 A CN 108903963A
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China
Prior art keywords
ray
detector
plate
plane domain
gap
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CN201810475883.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
邢金辉
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Beijing Nano Weijing Technology Co Ltd
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Beijing Nano Weijing Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201810475883.XA priority Critical patent/CN108903963A/en
Publication of CN108903963A publication Critical patent/CN108903963A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/02Devices for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/03Computerised tomographs
    • A61B6/032Transmission computed tomography [CT]
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/06Diaphragms

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of X-rays to block component and its preceding collimator.It includes a pair of of tungsten plate that this, which blocks component, the gap passed through for X-ray is formed between tungsten plate, gap has the first plane domain of preset length enclosed by hyperbola, and the drum portion for the x-ray projection that the first plane domain is used to be projected on detector is trimmed to flat line;The both ends of first plane domain have the second plane domain enclosed by bilinear, the straight portion of x-ray projection that second plane domain is used to be projected on detector is trimmed to cydariform, to realize that auxiliary detector is detected and controlled by the Limit Width of the x-ray projection after limit beam.Therefore, originally blocking component not only can make to project the x-ray projection rectangle on detector, can also realize that auxiliary detector is detected and controlled by the Limit Width of the x-ray projection after limit beam, bear extra dose to avoid patient.

Description

A kind of X-ray blocks component and its preceding collimator
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of X-rays to block component (referred to as blocking component), also relates to include that this blocks component The preceding collimator of CT, belongs to computed tomography field.
Background technique
CT (Computed Tomography, computed tomography) is a kind of doctor being widely used in medical field Learn diagnostic device.Currently, collimator before being generally arranged on CT reduces the dosage that patient bears for limiting extra X-ray, Scattered rays is reduced, picture quality is improved.The preceding collimator is stayed between two tungsten plates by being placed in parallel two independent tungsten plates The gap for having the both ends that pass through of X-ray for making to need parallel, unwanted X-ray can then be blocked by tungsten plate, by X-ray meeting It projects to using x-ray focus as in the curved detector in the center of circle.According to different scanning requirements, by X-ray it is of different size, Gap size then between two tungsten plates is also different, and the size in the gap can be carried out by the relative motion between two tungsten plates Adjustment.
At present, it is common to use the hardened structure of tungsten there are mainly two types of:One is plate shaped tungsten plates, and structure is simple, bulk It is smaller;Another then be the arc-shaped tungsten plate (as shown in Figure 1 arc-shaped tungsten plate 3) using x-ray focus as the center of circle, structure is slightly multiple Miscellaneous, bulk is also larger.It wherein, is bulging as shown in Fig. 2, width, both ends are narrow among the x-ray projection that plate shaped tungsten plate generates Shape projection;As shown in figure 3, the x-ray projection that arc-shaped tungsten plate generates is rectangular projection;It has been generally acknowledged that rectangular projection is more preferable, it Patient will not be allowed to bear extra dose.
But when needing to make the maximum effective width of detector to be all utilized, x-ray projection width is often greater than The width of detector, in order to minimize the extra dose of patient's receiving, it would be desirable to control the Limit Width of x-ray projection. Because a whole set of detector understands some detector at the both ends of arcuate structure and is not involved in image reconstruction, it is only used as reference channel, Using this segment detector, while using the characteristic of cydariform projection concave portion, penetrated when other parts detector can receive X Line, and only reference detector width direction both ends tap is when can not receive, it is believed that patient is not subject to additional agent at this time Amount.Rectangular projection can not then realize the Limit Width of control x-ray projection by means of which.
Summary of the invention
Primary technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of X-ray and blocks component.
Another technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of preceding collimation for blocking component including above-mentioned X-ray Device.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention uses following technical solutions:
According to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a kind of X-ray is provided and blocks component, including a pair of of tungsten plate, the tungsten The gap passed through for X-ray is formed between plate, the gap has the first plane of preset length enclosed by hyperbola The drum portion in region, the x-ray projection that first plane domain is used to be projected on detector is trimmed to flat line;Institute The both ends for stating the first plane domain have the second plane domain enclosed by bilinear, and second plane domain will be for that will throw The straight portion for the x-ray projection being mapped on detector is trimmed to cydariform, assists the detector to detect with realization and controls quilt The Limit Width of x-ray projection after limiting beam.
Wherein more preferably, the tungsten plate is plate shaped tungsten plate.
Wherein more preferably, have that a shape and size are identical blocks end face on each plate shaped tungsten plate.
Wherein more preferably, the centre for blocking end face has the arc-shaped curved surface of the outwardly convex of preset length, the screening The both ends for keeping off end face have straight plane.
Wherein more preferably, the plate shaped tungsten plate is placed in parallel, and makes the screening of a plate shaped tungsten plate End face is blocked described in gear end face and plate shaped tungsten plate described in another to be aligned.
Wherein more preferably, first plane domain, the plate are formed between the arc-shaped curved surface of the plate shaped tungsten plate The second plane domain is formed between the plane of shape tungsten plate.
Wherein more preferably, the preset length of the arc-shaped curved surface is expressed as:
L '=2*tg (β/2*Lmin
Wherein, LminIndicate the minimum range of slot edge of the X-ray from focus to two the plate shaped tungsten plate, β Indicate the range of detector radian corresponding to the maximum field of view angle of computed tomography scanner.
Wherein more preferably, after the X-ray passes through first plane domain, the X-ray on the detector is projected Projection width is identical.
Wherein more preferably, the x-ray projection width means are:
Dn=Sn*Rn/Ln
Wherein, SnIndicate the gap width of a certain position between two plate shaped tungsten plates, RnIndicate X-ray from focus to The distance of a certain position of curved detector arc side, LnIndicate the distance of X-ray a certain marginal position from focus to gap.
According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a kind of preceding collimator packet blocking component including above-mentioned X-ray is provided It includes.
It is provided by the present invention to block component, end face is blocked by being arranged on plate shaped tungsten plate, and block at two The gap with the first plane domain and the second plane domain is formed between end face, can not only make to project detector effectively at As the x-ray projection on area of visual field be rectangle, can also realize auxiliary detector detect and control by after limit beam X-ray throwing The Limit Width of shadow can bear extra dose to avoid patient.Also, tungsten plate can farthest be saved by originally blocking component Making material, so that originally blocking component has the characteristics that structure is simple, occupy little space, is at low cost, is light-weight.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that existing arc-shaped tungsten plate is used in combination with detector;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram for the cydariform projection that plate shaped tungsten plate generates on the detector;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram for the rectangular projection that arc-shaped tungsten plate generates on the detector;
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram provided by the present invention for blocking component;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram provided by the present invention for blocking the x-ray projection that component generates on the detector;
Fig. 6 is the main view provided by the present invention for blocking component and being used in combination with detector;
Fig. 7 is the side view provided by the present invention for blocking component and being used in combination with detector.
Specific embodiment
Technology contents of the invention are described in further detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
In blocking in component for existing preceding collimator, if blocking component using plate shaped tungsten plate, work as quilt When x-ray projection width after limiting beam is less than the width of curved detector (hereinafter referred to as detector), since X-ray passes through two Projection behind gap between plate shaped tungsten plate on the effective visual field region of detector is cydariform, and detector both ends Reference channel (reference channel 5 as shown in Figure 6) is not involved in image reconstruction, and detector other parts (visual field) are for scheming As rebuilding, therefore, the drum portion of x-ray projection of the plate shaped tungsten plate on the effective visual field region of detector can be beyond spy The visual field for surveying device, so that patient can bear extra dose (radiation);If blocking component using arc-shaped tungsten plate, that When needing to make the maximum effective width of detector to be all utilized, the x-ray projection width after generally requiring to be limited beam is big In the width of detector, at this point, being difficult with the reference channel at detector both ends to judge the opening of preceding collimator (beam-defining clipper) (gap between two arc-shaped tungsten plates) whether already close to the limit is arrived, that is, the x-ray projection after being difficult to judge to be limited beam is wide Whether degree agrees with the maximum effective width of detector, so as to cause the visual field that extra X-ray exceeds detector is had, makes Extra dose (radiation) can be born by obtaining patient.
Therefore, two kinds in order to solve existing preceding collimator block the above problem present in component, the present invention provides A kind of novel X-ray blocks component.As shown in figure 4, it includes a pair of of tungsten plate 1 that this, which blocks component, this is formed between tungsten plate 1 For the gap 2 that X-ray passes through, and the gap 2 has the first plane domain 201 of preset length enclosed by hyperbola, First plane domain 201 is used to be projected onto the X-ray of detector (referring to the effective visual field region of detector) The drum portion of projection is trimmed to flat line;It is flat with second enclosed by bilinear at the both ends of the first plane domain 201 Face region 202, second plane domain 202 (refer to for being projected onto detector (curved detector 4 as shown in Figure 6) On the effective visual field region of detector) the straight portion of x-ray projection be trimmed to cydariform, to realize that auxiliary detector is examined It surveys and controls by the Limit Width of the x-ray projection after limit beam.It ought need to make the maximum effective width of detector all sharp Used time is detected by the reference channel (reference channel 5 as shown in Figure 6) of detector and judges to be limited the x-ray projection after beam Whether width agrees with the maximum effective width of detector, can bear extra dose (radiation) to avoid patient.
Specifically, as shown in figure 4, each tungsten plate 1 originally blocked in component can use plate shaped tungsten plate.Each plate shaped tungsten plate It is upper to block end face with one, and the shape and size for blocking end face of each plate shaped tungsten plate are identical.Wherein, end is each blocked The centre in face has the arc-shaped curved surface 101 of the outwardly convex of preset length, and the both ends for each blocking end face have straight plane 102;Each plate shaped tungsten plate is placed in parallel, and make a plate shaped tungsten plate blocks end face and another plate shaped tungsten plate End face alignment is blocked, at this point, forming the first plane domain between the arc-shaped curved surface 101 for blocking end face of two plate shaped tungsten plates 201, the second plane domain 202 is formed between the plane 102 for blocking end face of two plate shaped tungsten plates.As shown in figure 5, passing through two The arc-shaped curved surface 101 for blocking end face of a plate shaped tungsten plate may be implemented to pass through between two arc-shaped curved surfaces 101 first flat Face region 201 (gap between two arc-shaped curved surfaces 101) simultaneously projects on detector and (refers to the effective visual field of detector On region) the drum portion of x-ray projection be trimmed to flat line so that x-ray projection is located at the visual field of detector In, to avoid visual field of the drum portion of x-ray projection beyond detector and make patient that can bear extra dose;It is logical The plane 102 for blocking end face for crossing two plate shaped tungsten plates may be implemented to pass through the second plane area between two planes 102 Domain 202 (gap between two planes 102) simultaneously projects on detector and (refers on the effective visual field region of detector) The straight portion of x-ray projection be trimmed to cydariform, to realize that auxiliary detector is detected and controlled by the x-ray projection after limit beam Limit Width so that being agreed with the maximum effective width of detector by the projection width of the X-ray after limit beam, to avoid more Remaining x-ray projection exceeds the visual field of detector, causes patient that can bear extra dose (radiation).
Due to the size of two plate shaped tungsten plates blocked the distance between end face and directly influence gap 1.It therefore, can be with According to the actual situation, two plate shaped tungsten plates are controlled to move towards, realizes and is formed by seam between two plate shaped tungsten plates of adjustment The size of gap 1, so that X-ray has different projection widths.
Wherein, as shown in fig. 6, the length and X-ray of the arc-shaped curved surface 101 for blocking end face due to two plate shaped tungsten plates From focus to distance L (X-ray 2 different marginal position from focus to gap at 2 edge of gap two plate shaped tungsten plates Distance be L1, L2 ... L respectivelyn, n is positive integer) and CT (Computed Tomography, computed tomography) machine The range of 4 radian β of detector corresponding to maximum FOV (Field of Vision, field angle) is related, therefore, can basis Trigonometric function relationship can calculate the length (as shown in Figure 4) of arc-shaped curved surface 101 according to the following formula.
L '=2*tg (β/2*Lmin (1)
Wherein, LminIndicate X-ray from focus to the minimum range at 2 edge of gap two plate shaped tungsten plates, β table Show the range of detector radian β corresponding to the maximum FOV (Field of Vision, field angle) of CT.
As shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, due to X-ray across the arc-shaped curved surface 101 of two plate shaped tungsten plates first It is therefore rectangle projects the X in curved detector 4 that the x-ray projection in curved detector 4 is projected after plane domain 201 The projection width of ray is identical.Assuming that X-ray is from focus to the distance L at 2 edge of gap two plate shaped tungsten plates, (X is penetrated Line distance of 2 different marginal positions from focus to gap is L respectively1、L2…Ln, n is positive integer), X-ray is from focus to arc (X-ray distance of 4 arc side different locations from focus to curved detector is R respectively to the distance R of 4 arc side of shape detector1、R2… Rn, n is positive integer), 2 width of gap between two plate shaped tungsten plates is the S (different location between two plate shaped tungsten plates Gap width is S respectively1、S2…Sn, n is positive integer), X-ray passes through gap 2 and projects the projection width in curved detector 4 It is that (X-ray passes through the throwing that gap 2 projects in curved detector and (refers on the effective visual field region of curved detector) to D Shadow width is D respectively1、DS2…Dn, n is positive integer);According to the following formula,
Ln/Rn=Sn/Dn (2)
Available, X-ray projects in curved detector across gap 2 and (refers to that view is effectively imaged in curved detector On wild region) projection width be expressed as:
Dn=Sn*Rn/Ln (3)
Since X-ray includes multiple X-ray beams, each beam projects arc after passing through the first plane domain 201 The projection width of the X-ray (referred on the effective visual field region of curved detector) on shape detector is identical, specific to indicate For:
S1*R1/L1=S2*R2/L2=...=Sn*Rn/Ln (4)
When being less than detector width by the x-ray projection width after limit beam, end is blocked by two plate shaped tungsten plates The arc-shaped curved surface 101 in face may be implemented to pass through 201 (two arc songs of the first plane domain between two arc-shaped curved surfaces 101 Gap between face 101) and the x-ray projection that projects on detector and (refer on the effective visual field region of detector) Drum portion is trimmed to flat line, projects X-ray in detector effective viewing field angular region so that passing through this and blocking component It is projected as rectangle, to avoid visual field of the drum portion of x-ray projection beyond detector and make patient that can bear volume External dose.
When being greater than detector width by the x-ray projection width after limit beam, it can not only pass through two plate shaped tungsten plates The arc-shaped curved surface 101 for blocking end face realize and pass through 201 (two arcs of the first plane domain between two arc-shaped curved surfaces 101 Gap between shape curved surface 101) and the X-ray that projects on detector and (refer on the effective visual field region of detector) throw The drum portion of shadow is trimmed to flat line, projects X in detector effective viewing field angular region so that passing through this and blocking component Ray projection is rectangle;Two planes can also be passed through by the realization of plane 102 for blocking end face of two plate shaped tungsten plates The second plane domain 202 (gap between two planes 102) between 102 simultaneously projects on detector and (refers to detector On effective visual field region) the straight portion of x-ray projection be trimmed to cydariform, if the reference channel 5 at detector both ends (as shown in Figure 6) does not receive X-ray and detector other parts can receive X-ray, illustrates by the throwing of the X-ray after limit beam Shadow width agrees with the maximum effective width of detector, so that visual field of the extra x-ray projection beyond detector is avoided, Cause patient that can bear extra dose (radiation).
It is provided by the present invention to block component and block end face by being arranged on plate shaped tungsten plate, and end is blocked at two The gap with the first plane domain and the second plane domain is formed between face, can not only be made to project detector and is effectively imaged X-ray projection on area of visual field is rectangle, can also realize that auxiliary detector is detected and controlled by the x-ray projection after limit beam Limit Width, extra dose can be born to avoid patient.Also, the production of tungsten plate can utmostly be saved by originally blocking component Material, so that originally blocking component has the characteristics that structure is simple, occupy little space, is at low cost, is light-weight.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of preceding collimators for blocking component including above-mentioned X-ray.The preceding collimator can be with It applies on any a existing CT.It can control two plate shaped tungsten plates by collimator before sheet to move towards, realize adjustment The size in gap 1 is formed by between two plate shaped tungsten plates, so that X-ray has different projection widths.For example, can be with Two plate shaped tungsten plates are controlled by the motor and code-disc of preceding collimator to move towards, and are realized between two plate shaped tungsten plates of adjustment It is formed by the size in gap 1.Wherein, collimator and the structure of component is blocked and principle is not just repeating one by one before this.
Component is blocked to X-ray provided by the present invention above and its preceding collimator is described in detail.To ability For the those skilled in the art in domain, any obviously change under the premise of without departing substantially from true spirit to what it was done It is dynamic, it will all belong to the protection scope of the invention patent power.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of X-ray blocks component, it is characterised in that including a pair of of tungsten plate, be formed between the tungsten plate and pass through for X-ray Gap, the gap has the first plane domain of preset length enclosed by hyperbola, and first plane domain is used Flat line is trimmed in the drum portion for the x-ray projection being projected on detector;The both ends of first plane domain have There is the second plane domain enclosed by bilinear, the X-ray that second plane domain is used to be projected on detector is thrown The straight portion of shadow is trimmed to cydariform, assists the detector to detect with realization and controls by the pole of the x-ray projection after limit beam Limit for width degree.
2. X-ray as described in claim 1 blocks component, it is characterised in that:
The tungsten plate is plate shaped tungsten plate.
3. X-ray as claimed in claim 2 blocks component, it is characterised in that:
Have that a shape and size are identical blocks end face on each plate shaped tungsten plate.
4. X-ray as claimed in claim 3 blocks component, it is characterised in that:
The centre for blocking end face has the arc-shaped curved surface of the outwardly convex of preset length, and the both ends for blocking end face have Straight plane.
5. X-ray as claimed in claim 4 blocks component, it is characterised in that:
The plate shaped tungsten plate is placed in parallel, and make the plate shaped tungsten plate it is described block end face and another described in The described of plate shaped tungsten plate blocks end face alignment.
6. X-ray as claimed in claim 5 blocks component, it is characterised in that:
Form first plane domain between the arc-shaped curved surface of the plate shaped tungsten plate, the plate shaped tungsten plate it is described The second plane domain is formed between plane.
7. X-ray as claimed in claim 4 blocks component, it is characterised in that:
The preset length of the arc-shaped curved surface is expressed as:
L '=2*tg (β/2) * Lmin
Wherein, LminIndicate the minimum range of slot edge of the X-ray from focus to two the plate shaped tungsten plate, β is indicated The range of detector radian corresponding to the maximum field of view angle of computed tomography scanner.
8. X-ray as described in claim 1 blocks component, it is characterised in that:
It is of same size that the X-ray passes through the x-ray projection projected on the detector after first plane domain.
9. X-ray as claimed in claim 8 blocks component, it is characterised in that:
The x-ray projection width means are:
Dn=Sn*Rn/Ln
Wherein, SnIndicate the gap width of a certain position between two plate shaped tungsten plates, RnIndicate X-ray from focus to arc The distance of a certain position of detector arc side, LnIndicate the distance of X-ray a certain marginal position from focus to gap.
10. a kind of preceding collimator, it is characterised in that block component including X-ray described in any one of claim 1~9.
CN201810475883.XA 2018-05-17 2018-05-17 A kind of X-ray blocks component and its preceding collimator Pending CN108903963A (en)

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Cited By (1)

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CN110123355A (en) * 2019-05-30 2019-08-16 东软医疗系统股份有限公司 Detection system

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CN1685447A (en) * 2002-09-26 2005-10-19 西门子公司 Overlay device and computer tomography device comprising an emitter side overlay device
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