CN108902185B - Botanical algae inhibitor for inhibiting growth of chrysophyceae, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Botanical algae inhibitor for inhibiting growth of chrysophyceae, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of water body ecological restoration, and particularly relates to a botanical algae inhibitor for inhibiting growth of chrysophyceae in water, and a preparation method and application thereof. The plant source algistat for the xanthothrips provided by the invention is made of phoenix tree leaves. The preparation method comprises cleaning folium Firmianae, drying, pulverizing, sieving, packaging in bolting silk bag, adding distilled water, ultrasonic extracting for 1-4 hr, centrifuging for 10-15min, and concentrating the supernatant. When in use, the prepared algistat is sown in the yellow silk algae outbreak water body. The botanical inhibitor provided by the invention can effectively inhibit the explosive growth of the chrysophyceae, the growth inhibition rate of the chrysophyceae after application reaches more than 95%, the inhibition effect is good, the inhibition efficiency is high, no secondary pollution is caused to a water body, and the inhibitor is green, safe and environment-friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of water body ecological restoration, and particularly relates to a botanical algae inhibitor for inhibiting growth of chrysophyceae in water, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Along with the unreasonable discharge of industrial and agricultural wastewater and domestic sewage, the water environment quality of vast rivers and lakes in China is increasingly deteriorated. The polluted water body provides rich nutrient substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like for the growth of the chrysophyceae. The xanthomonas belongs to the phylum xanthomonas, and is a common species for forming filamentous algal blooms. The species has strong adaptability, and can flood in both fresh water areas and seawater areas to cause disasters. The algal bloom outbreak peak period of the Aphanizomenon flavum is generally two seasons of spring and autumn. The mass propagation of the chrysophyceae can not only shield sunlight, influence the ecological landscape effect of a water body and obstruct the reoxygenation of the water body and the photosynthesis of other photosynthetic organisms, but also provide a nutrition platform and a capacity foundation for the micro algae bloom which is easy to explode in summer after the algae decay, and have important contribution to aggravating the eutrophication of the water body. Therefore, the prevention and control of the algal bloom of the Aphanizomenon flavum has become a difficult problem in the current water environment.
At present, the control technology of the chrysophyceae in the water body mainly comprises physical fishing and chemical algaecide splashing. The method for removing the xanthomonas is a quick, direct and pollution-free mode through the manual salvage method, but only a later-stage buffering way when the xanthomonas erupts in a large amount, filamentous algal bodies of the xanthomonas are easy to break and difficult to completely remove in the manual removing process, and the residual algal bodies can accelerate growth and propagation when the nutrition is sufficient and the photo-thermal physicochemical factors are proper, and can erupt again quickly. Chemical algaecides have residual toxicity, lack specificity of efficacy, and risk of resistance in long-term single use. Therefore, the development of a plant-derived algaecide that effectively inhibits the massive growth of xanthomonas is urgently needed. The phoenix tree is one of the common street tree species in China, and the algicide prepared by utilizing the withered and fallen leaves has the advantages of high environmental friendliness, readily available raw materials, low price and the like.
The existing patents related to the prevention and control of algal outbreak water body mainly focus on the research and development of a control technology of blue-green algae algal blooms, and the research related to the inhibition of the growth and the propagation of the Aphanizomenon flavivirus by using a plant littering leaf extract is not reported.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a botanical algae inhibitor for inhibiting the growth of Aphanizomenon chrysosporium, which can effectively inhibit the propagation and growth of Aphanizomenon chrysosporium, has quick response and low cost, does not produce secondary pollution to water, and is green, safe and environment-friendly.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method and application of the plant-derived algistat for inhibiting the mass growth of the chrysophyceae.
In order to achieve the technical effects, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a plant source inhibitor for inhibiting the growth of Aphanizomenon flavum comprises the following steps: cleaning folium Firmianae, drying, pulverizing, sieving, packaging in bolting silk bag, adding distilled water, ultrasonic extracting for 1-4 hr, centrifuging for 10-15min, and concentrating the supernatant.
Preferably, the phoenix tree leaf is cleaned, dried, crushed and sieved in the step, and the mesh number of the sieved mesh is 150 meshes. This is more advantageous for the subsequent extraction of the active substance.
Preferably, the screen mesh number of the screen silk bag is 200 meshes. The 200-mesh silk-screen bag can not only ensure that the crushed Chinese parasol leaf powder does not leak, but also ensure that the extracting solution can smoothly enter the bag to extract effective substances. If the mesh of the bolting silk bag is too large, the medicine powder can leak out, and the subsequent filtration treatment difficulty is increased.
Preferably, the rotation speed of the centrifugal treatment is 2000-4000 r/min.
Preferably, the solid-to-liquid ratio of the phoenix tree leaves to the distilled water is 1: 20-1:30. More preferably, the solid-to-liquid ratio of the phoenix tree leaves to the distilled water is 1: 20. selecting a solid-liquid ratio of 1: the purpose of 20 is that the liquid level of the extracting solution just can immerse the phoenix tree powder under water, and the trouble is added to the subsequent concentration if the solid-to-liquid ratio is too high.
Preferably, the phoenix tree leaf may be phoenix tree fallen leaf.
The plant source inhibitor for inhibiting the growth of the Aphanizomenon flavum can be prepared by the method.
Preferably, the effective concentration of folium Firmianae in the plant source inhibitor is 0.05-0.15g DW (dry weight of folium Firmianae)/mL. More preferably, the effective concentration of phoenix tree leaf in the plant-derived inhibitor is 0.1g DW (dry weight of phoenix tree leaf)/mL. The purpose of selecting proper effective concentration is to facilitate subsequent application, and too low concentration can cause volume consumption increase during application, and too high concentration can cause error increase.
The application method of the botanical inhibitor for inhibiting the growth of the Aphanizomenon flavum is characterized in that: directly spraying the botanical algae inhibitor for inhibiting the growth of the chrysophyceae into the sudden growth water area of the chrysophyceae. The dosage ratio of the effective components of the botanical inhibitor, namely the phoenix tree leaves to the explosive yellow silk algae water body is 1.5-3 g: 1L of the compound. The appropriate dosage proportion can not only effectively prevent the explosive growth of the chrysophyceae, but also can not cause waste and can not pollute the water body.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the botanical algae inhibitor can effectively inhibit the growth of the chrysophyceae, the growth inhibition rate of the chrysophyceae after application reaches more than 95%, the cell density is obviously reduced, the algae inhibiting effect is good, the inhibition efficiency is high, no secondary pollution is generated to a water body, and the botanical algae inhibitor is green, safe and environment-friendly.
2. The plant-derived algistat for inhibiting the growth of the chrysosporium fulvidraco is prepared from phoenix tree leaves or phoenix tree fallen leaves, is easy to obtain raw materials, low in price and low in cost, is beneficial to practical popularization and use, and is not limited by conditions such as regions, solar terms and temperatures when being used.
3. The botanical inhibitor for inhibiting the growth of the chrysophyceae has the advantages of short preparation period, simple preparation process, no organic solvent or other chemical substances involved in the preparation process and high environmental friendliness.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of the plant-derived algicide for inhibiting the growth of Sphaeranthus fulvescens, prepared in example 1, on the inhibition of the density of Sphaeranthus fulvescens.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of the plant-derived algicide for inhibiting the growth of Sphaerotheca fuliginea prepared in example 1 on the microstructure of Sphaerotheca fuliginea, wherein the amount of the plant-derived algicide is 30 mL/L. Panel A, a micrograph of the control after 24 h; panel B is a micrograph of the inhibitor-added group after 24 h.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of the plant-derived algistat inhibiting the growth of Sphaeranthus fulvus on the chlorophyll fluorescence parameter Fv/Fm (maximum light energy conversion efficiency) of Sphaeranthus fulvus in example 2.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of the plant-derived algistat inhibiting the growth of Sphaeranthus fulvescens on the chlorophyll fluorescence parameter YII (actual photosynthetic efficiency) parameter of Sphaeranthus fulvescens in example 2.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further illustrated by reference to the following examples:
example 1
The water bloom algae aimed at in the embodiment is the Aphanizomenon chrysosporium which is a common species in water areas of lakes, rivers and ponds in China, and the initial density of cells of the Aphanizomenon chrysosporium in the culture container is 1.02 × 106one/mL.
(1) The preparation method of the botanical chrysophyceae algistat comprises the following steps: collecting withered and fallen leaves of phoenix tree, cleaning, crushing, sieving, putting into a customized bolting-silk bag (200 meshes), placing into a beaker, and processing according to the proportion of 1: adding distilled water into the mixture with a solid-to-liquid ratio of 20, performing ultrasonic extraction for 1h, centrifuging (4000r/min) for 10min, and concentrating the supernatant to 250ml to obtain an extract with the concentration of 0.1g DW/ml, wherein the extract is the botanical algicide for inhibiting the growth of the Aphanizomenon flavum.
(2) The application method of the botanical chrysophyceae inhibitor comprises the following steps: the culture container used in the experiment is a triangular flask with the volume of 500mL, the volume of the culture solution containing the chrysophyceae is 180mL, the plant source inhibitor prepared in the step (1) is added, the experiment is divided into two groups, 5.5mL of the plant source algae inhibitor prepared in the embodiment is added into the culture container of the experiment group of the group A, 5.5mL of distilled water is substituted for the plant source inhibitor in the control group of the group B, and other conditions are unchanged; then, the group A and the group B are put into a light-irradiation incubator to be cultivated for 96h, the cell number change conditions of the two groups of the chrysophyceae are respectively recorded in the 24 th, 48 th, 72 th and 96 th hours, and the microstructure change conditions of the chrysophyceae are observed by using an optical microscope in the test process. The test results are shown in fig. 1 and 2. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the increase of the cell number of the control group of the Aphanizomenon flavum without adding the plant source algistat is obvious; compared with a control, the inhibition rate of the cells of the experimental group of the chrysophyceae added with the plant source algistat prepared by the invention reaches more than 52% when the number of the cells is 24 hours, reaches more than 84% when 48 hours, reaches more than 95% when 72 hours, and reaches more than 97% when 96 hours. As can be seen from the figure 2, the phenomenon of obvious breakage and decay of the chrysophyceae algae after 24 hours of the experimental group added with the plant source inhibitor shows that the plant source inhibitor has obvious inhibition effect on the chrysophyceae; the control group of the Aphanizomenon flavedo which is not added with the plant source inhibitor has complete alga body and no damage.
Example 2
The water bloom algae aimed at in the embodiment is the Aphanizomenon chrysosporium which is a common species in water areas of lakes, rivers and ponds in China, and the initial density of cells of the Aphanizomenon chrysosporium in the culture container is also 1.02 × 106one/mL.
(1) The preparation method of the botanical chrysophyceae algistat comprises the following steps: the same as in example 1.
(2) The application method of the botanical chrysophyceae inhibitor comprises the following steps: the culture container used in the experiment is a triangular flask with the volume of 500mL, the volume of the culture solution containing the xanthomonas is 180mL, the botanical inhibitor prepared in the step (1) is added, the experiment is divided into two groups, 2.75mL of botanical xanthomonas growth algistat is added into the culture container of the group A experiment group, 2.75mL of distilled water is substituted for the botanical inhibitor in the group B control group, and other conditions are unchanged; then, the group A and the group B are placed in a light incubator to be cultivated for 96h, and two groups of yellow-silk algae chlorophyll fluorescence parameter Fv/Fm (maximum light energy conversion efficiency) and YII (actual photosynthetic efficiency) values are recorded at the 24 th, 48 th, 72 th and 96 th h respectively. The test results are shown in fig. 3 and 4. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the chlorophyll fluorescence parameter Fv/Fm value of the xanthomonas in the control group without the plant-derived algistat is maintained at about 0.6, indicating that the health state of the alga body is good; compared with a control, the chlorophyll fluorescence parameter Fv/Fm value of the experimental group containing the botanical algistat prepared by the invention starts to decrease from 24 hours, and the Fv/Fm value of the yellow silk algae is always lower than 0.4 in an observation period of 96 hours. The Fv/Fm value is reduced, which indicates that the photosynthesis of the algae is inhibited and the healthy physiological state is reduced. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the chlorophyll fluorescence parameter YII value of the xanthophyll in the control group without the plant-derived algistat is maintained between 0.3 and 0.4, while the chlorophyll fluorescence parameter YII value of the xanthophyll in the experimental group with the plant-derived algistat prepared by the invention is reduced to below 0.15 after 24 hours, and the photosynthesis system of the alga body is obviously inhibited.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention should not be limited by the disclosure of the preferred embodiments. Therefore, it is intended that all equivalents and modifications which do not depart from the spirit of the invention disclosed herein are deemed to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. An application method of a plant source inhibitor for inhibiting the growth of Aphanizomenon flavum is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps of sowing a botanical inhibitor for inhibiting the growth of the xanthomonas campestris into a sudden growth water area of the xanthomonas campestris, wherein the dosage ratio of the effective component of the botanical inhibitor, namely the phoenix tree leaf, to the sudden growth water area of the xanthomonas campestris is 1.5-3 g: 1L;
the preparation method of the botanical inhibitor for inhibiting the growth of the chrysophyceae comprises the following steps,
cleaning folium Firmianae, drying, pulverizing, sieving, packaging in bolting silk bag, adding distilled water, ultrasonic extracting for 1-4 hr, centrifuging for 10-15min, and concentrating the supernatant.
2. The method of using the plant-derived inhibitor for inhibiting the growth of Aphanizomenon flavum as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the solid-to-liquid ratio of the phoenix tree leaves to the distilled water is 1: 20-1:30.
3. The method of using the plant-derived inhibitor for inhibiting the growth of Aphanizomenon flavum as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the solid-to-liquid ratio of the phoenix tree leaves to the distilled water is 1: 20.
4. the method of using the plant-derived inhibitor for inhibiting the growth of Aphanizomenon flavum as claimed in claim 1, wherein: cleaning folium Firmianae, drying, pulverizing, and sieving with 150 mesh sieve.
5. The method of using the plant-derived inhibitor for inhibiting the growth of Aphanizomenon flavum as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the screen mesh number of the screen silk bag is 200 meshes, and the centrifugal rotating speed is 2000-4000 r/min.
6. The method of using the plant-derived inhibitor for inhibiting the growth of Aphanizomenon flavum as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the concentration of the folium Firmianae extract in the plant source inhibitor is 0.05-0.15g DW/mL.
7. The method of using the plant-derived inhibitor for inhibiting the growth of Aphanizomenon flavum as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the concentration of the phoenix tree leaf extract in the plant source inhibitor is 0.1g DW/mL.
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| CN102701450A (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2012-10-03 | 上海师范大学 | Method for restoring surface water by utilizing discarded plant leaves |
| CN102864117A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2013-01-09 | 北京林业大学 | Method for promoting rapid growth of chlorella by using Chinese parasol fallen leaves |
| CN105028491A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-11-11 | 上海海洋大学 | Duckweed biological source growth promoter and preparation method thereof and application |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102701450A (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2012-10-03 | 上海师范大学 | Method for restoring surface water by utilizing discarded plant leaves |
| CN102864117A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2013-01-09 | 北京林业大学 | Method for promoting rapid growth of chlorella by using Chinese parasol fallen leaves |
| CN105028491A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-11-11 | 上海海洋大学 | Duckweed biological source growth promoter and preparation method thereof and application |
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