CN108900750B - Image sensor and mobile terminal - Google Patents
Image sensor and mobile terminal Download PDFInfo
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- CN108900750B CN108900750B CN201810797259.1A CN201810797259A CN108900750B CN 108900750 B CN108900750 B CN 108900750B CN 201810797259 A CN201810797259 A CN 201810797259A CN 108900750 B CN108900750 B CN 108900750B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/50—Constructional details
- H04N23/54—Mounting of pick-up tubes, electronic image sensors, deviation or focusing coils
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/10—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof for generating image signals from different wavelengths
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/50—Constructional details
- H04N23/55—Optical parts specially adapted for electronic image sensors; Mounting thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
Abstract
The invention provides an image sensor and a mobile terminal, wherein the image sensor comprises: the pixel array comprises a preset number of pixel units which are arranged according to a preset mode, wherein each pixel unit comprises a first pixel and an adjacent second pixel; the first pixel comprises a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel and a blue sub-pixel, and the second pixel comprises at least one of the red sub-pixel and the blue sub-pixel, the green sub-pixel and a preset sub-pixel; the first pixel and the second pixel are all full-pixel dual-core focusing pixels, and sub-pixels in the first pixel and the second pixel are arranged in a four-in-one mode; the predetermined sub-pixels receive an infrared light band and one of red, green and blue colors, or receive infrared, red, green and blue light bands. The invention can detect the distance to realize rapid focusing and background blurring, expand the bandwidth of the acquired light, improve the dark-state photographing effect, realize the function diversification of the mobile terminal and ensure the use experience of the user.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of image processing, in particular to an image sensor and a mobile terminal.
Background
At present, intelligent electronic products have gradually become necessities in people's lives, and a photographing function as an important configuration of electronic products is also gradually developing. However, with the popularization of the photographing function, people do not meet the only photographing function of the camera in the current intelligent electronic product, and more expect to realize the diversification of the photographing effect, the diversification of the playing method and the diversification of the functions.
In the current market, there is a commonly used bayer pattern based on R (red), G (green), and B (blue) to improve a four-in-one pixel array arrangement mode in a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) based image sensor pixel array arrangement; as shown in fig. 1a and fig. 1b, although this arrangement can improve the dark-state photographing effect compared to the bayer pattern, it has the disadvantages that the distance between objects cannot be detected, and the arrangement can only be used for receiving natural light and photographing and recording images in normal illumination.
The pixel array arrangement mode of the full-pixel dual-core focusing 2PD technology is shown in fig. 1c and fig. 1d, and the arrangement mode can only be used for receiving natural light and taking pictures to record images, but compared with a four-in-one technical scheme, the arrangement mode can increase the distance of a detected object, can more quickly complete focusing action, and cannot improve the dark-state shooting effect.
The principle of the 2PD phase detection technology is described as follows: as can be seen from the comparison between fig. 1a and fig. 1c, a part of R, G and B sub-pixels in the pixel array are divided into two sub-pixels, and the light energy obtained according to different incident directions is different, so that the left sub-pixel and the right sub-pixel form a pair of phase detection pairs; when the brightness values of the left sub-pixel point and the right sub-pixel point reach the relative maximum peak value, the image is the clearest, namely the focusing is performed, and then the object distance is obtained through algorithm calculation, so that the rapid focusing is realized.
In summary, the pixel array arrangement mode of the conventional image sensor has the problems that focusing is slow or the dark state shooting effect cannot be improved, and the shooting experience of a user is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an image sensor and a mobile terminal, and aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, the focusing is slow or the dark state shooting effect cannot be improved in the pixel array arrangement mode of the image sensor, and the shooting experience of a user is influenced.
In order to solve the above problem, the embodiment of the present invention is implemented as follows:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an image sensor, including:
the pixel array comprises a preset number of pixel units which are arranged according to a preset mode, wherein each pixel unit comprises a first pixel and a second pixel which is adjacent to the first pixel in position; the first pixel comprises a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel and a blue sub-pixel, and the second pixel comprises at least one of the red sub-pixel and the blue sub-pixel, the green sub-pixel and a preset sub-pixel;
the first pixel and the second pixel are all full-pixel dual-core focusing pixels, and sub-pixels in the first pixel and the second pixel are arranged in a four-in-one mode;
the preset sub-pixels receive the infrared light wave band and one of the red light wave band, the green light wave band and the blue light wave band, or the preset sub-pixels receive the infrared light wave band, the red light wave band, the green light wave band and the blue light wave band.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a mobile terminal, including an imaging system, where the imaging system includes the above-mentioned image sensor, and further includes:
a lens module;
the driving module is used for driving the lens module to move;
the filtering module is arranged between the lens module and the image sensor;
the image data processing module is connected with the image sensor; and
and the display module is connected with the image data processing module.
According to the technical scheme, the four-in-one RGB pixel array arrangement mode is improved to a 2PD four-in-one RGB and preset sub-pixel array arrangement mode, so that the four-in-one RGB pixel array arrangement mode can be used for photographing and recording images, can also be used for detecting distances to realize rapid focusing and background blurring, and can improve the dark-state photographing effect by expanding the bandwidth of light acquired by the preset sub-pixels; under the condition that the photographing effect of the image sensor is not influenced, the function diversification of the mobile terminal is realized, and the use experience of a user is guaranteed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1a is a schematic diagram of a prior art four-in-one RGB arrangement;
FIG. 1b is a cross-sectional view of a four-in-one pixel;
FIG. 1c shows a pixel array layout of 2 PD;
FIG. 1d shows a cross-sectional view of a 2PD pixel;
FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram of a pixel cell according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2b is a second schematic diagram of a pixel unit according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2c is a third schematic diagram of a pixel unit according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3a is a fourth schematic diagram of a pixel unit according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3b is a fifth schematic diagram of a pixel cell according to the present invention;
FIG. 4a shows a sixth schematic view of a pixel cell according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4b is a seventh schematic diagram of a pixel cell according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5a shows an eighth schematic view of a pixel cell according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5b is a ninth schematic view of a pixel cell according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a pixel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 shows a schematic view of an imaging system according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
An embodiment of the present invention provides an image sensor, including: a pixel array including a predetermined number of pixel units arranged in a predetermined manner, as shown in fig. 2a to 2c, 3a to 3b, and 4a to 4b, the pixel units including a first pixel and a second pixel adjacent to the first pixel; the first pixel comprises a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel and a blue sub-pixel, and the second pixel comprises at least one of the red sub-pixel and the blue sub-pixel, the green sub-pixel and a preset sub-pixel;
the first pixel and the second pixel are all full-pixel dual-core focusing pixels, and sub-pixels in the first pixel and the second pixel are arranged in a four-in-one mode;
the preset sub-pixels receive the infrared light wave band and one of the red light wave band, the green light wave band and the blue light wave band, or the preset sub-pixels receive the infrared light wave band, the red light wave band, the green light wave band and the blue light wave band.
The pixel array included in the image sensor provided by the embodiment of the invention includes a preset number of pixel units, wherein the preset number of pixel units are arranged according to a preset mode. The preset number of pixel units respectively comprise a first pixel and a second pixel, wherein the first pixel is different from the second pixel, the first pixel comprises a red sub-pixel (R), a green sub-pixel (G) and a blue sub-pixel (B), the second pixel comprises at least one of the red sub-pixel and the blue sub-pixel, and the second pixel further comprises a green sub-pixel and a preset sub-pixel (D).
In the embodiment of the present invention, the first pixel and the second pixel are all full-pixel dual-core focusing (2PD) pixels, and the distance to the object can be detected by using the 2PD pixels, so that the focusing operation can be completed more quickly, where the first pixel and the second pixel are both 2PD pixels, that is, the sub-pixels in the first pixel and the second pixel are both 2PD sub-pixels. In the embodiment of the present invention, the sub-pixels in the first pixel and the second pixel are all arranged in a four-in-one manner, and the four-in-one arrangement manner enables one sub-pixel to include 4 corresponding units, where the structural form of the 4 units is: two units are positioned on the upper layer, the other two units are positioned on the lower layer, and the two units on the lower layer are correspondingly arranged with the two units on the upper layer. Meanwhile, each unit is divided into two because the sub-pixel is a 2PD sub-pixel. For example, the red sub-pixel includes 4 red cells, the green sub-pixel includes 4 green cells, and the blue sub-pixel includes 4 blue cells, each of which is divided into two.
The red sub-pixel, the green sub-pixel and the blue sub-pixel in the first pixel are arranged according to a certain mode, and the first pixel comprises one red sub-pixel, one blue sub-pixel and two green sub-pixels. The red sub-pixel is adjacent to the first green sub-pixel, the second green sub-pixel is located below the red sub-pixel, the blue sub-pixel is located below the first green sub-pixel, and the second green sub-pixel is adjacent to the blue sub-pixel.
The second pixel includes at least one of a red sub-pixel and a blue sub-pixel, and further includes a green sub-pixel and a preset sub-pixel, that is, the second pixel may include the red sub-pixel, the green sub-pixel and the preset sub-pixel, may include the green sub-pixel, the blue sub-pixel and the preset sub-pixel, and may further include the green sub-pixel, the red sub-pixel, the blue sub-pixel and the preset sub-pixel.
The position of the preset sub-pixel in the second pixel can be the same as that of a certain sub-pixel in the first pixel, and can also be the same as that of two 1/2 different sub-pixels adjacent to the position in the first pixel. It is of course also possible to 1/2 preset the position of the sub-pixel in the second pixel to be the same as the position of any 1/2 sub-pixel in the first pixel. At this time, 1/2 predetermined sub-pixels in two adjacent second pixels constitute a predetermined sub-pixel. For example, 1/2 the position of the default sub-pixel in the second pixel is the same as that of 1/2 red sub-pixel in the first pixel, and 1/2 the position of the default sub-pixel in the second pixel is the same as that of 1/2 green sub-pixel in the first pixel, so far, the complete default sub-pixel can be formed by combining two second pixels.
The preset sub-pixel in the embodiment of the invention can receive an infrared light waveband and one of a red light waveband, a green light waveband and a blue light waveband, namely the preset sub-pixel can receive the red light waveband on the basis of receiving the infrared light waveband; or on the basis of receiving the infrared light wave band, receiving a green light wave band; or receives the blue light band on the basis of receiving the infrared light band. Or the preset sub-pixels receive the infrared light band, the red light band, the green light band and the blue light band, that is, the red light band, the green light band and the blue light band are received on the basis of receiving the infrared light band, and the specific form of the preset sub-pixels for receiving the light bands can be set according to actual requirements.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the four-in-one RGB pixel array arrangement mode is improved into the 2PD four-in-one RGB and preset sub-pixel array arrangement mode, so that the rapid focusing and background blurring can be realized, and the dark-state photographing effect is improved; the function diversification of the mobile terminal is realized, and the use experience of a user is ensured.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2a to 2c and fig. 3a to 3b, the position of the predetermined sub-pixel in the second pixel is the same as the position of the red sub-pixel, the green sub-pixel or the blue sub-pixel in the first pixel; or
Presetting the position of the sub-pixel in the second pixel to be the same as the position of the first combined sub-pixel in the first pixel, or the position of the second combined sub-pixel in the first pixel;
the first combined subpixel is a combination of 1/2 red and 1/2 green subpixels that are adjacent in position; the second combined subpixel is a combination of 1/2 green and 1/2 blue subpixels that are adjacent in position.
When the position of the preset sub-pixel in the second pixel is the same as the position of the red sub-pixel in the first pixel, the second pixel comprises a blue sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel and a preset sub-pixel, and at this time, the red sub-pixel is replaced by the preset sub-pixel on the basis of the first pixel.
When the position of the preset sub-pixel in the second pixel is the same as the position of the blue sub-pixel in the first pixel, the second pixel comprises a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel and a preset sub-pixel, and at this time, the blue sub-pixel is replaced by the preset sub-pixel on the basis of the first pixel.
When the position of the preset sub-pixel in the second pixel is the same as the position of a green sub-pixel in the first pixel, the second pixel comprises a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel, a blue sub-pixel and the preset sub-pixel, and at this time, one of the green sub-pixels is replaced by the preset sub-pixel on the basis of the first pixel.
When the position of the predetermined sub-pixel in the second pixel is the same as the position of the first combined sub-pixel in the first pixel, the second pixel includes a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel, a blue sub-pixel and a predetermined sub-pixel, and the 1/2 red sub-pixel and 1/2 green sub-pixel adjacent to the position of the 2PD sub-pixel can be taken as the predetermined sub-pixel on the basis of the first pixel, that is, the position of the predetermined sub-pixel in the second pixel is the same as the positions of the 1/2 green sub-pixel and 1/2 red sub-pixel adjacent to the position of the predetermined sub-pixel in the first pixel. The sub-pixels include 4 correspondingly arranged units, and each unit is divided into two parts.
When the position of the predetermined sub-pixel in the second pixel is the same as the position of the second combined sub-pixel in the first pixel, the second pixel includes a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel, a blue sub-pixel and a predetermined sub-pixel, and the 1/2 blue sub-pixel and 1/2 green sub-pixel adjacent to the 2PD sub-pixel may be taken as the predetermined sub-pixel on the basis of the first pixel, that is, the position of the predetermined sub-pixel in the second pixel is the same as the positions of the 1/2 green sub-pixel and 1/2 blue sub-pixel adjacent to the predetermined sub-pixel in the first pixel.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the pixel unit includes one second pixel and at least one first pixel.
The pixel unit comprises a second pixel and at least one first pixel, wherein the number of the pixels in the pixel unit is at least two. When the number of pixels in a pixel unit is two, the pixel unit comprises a first pixel and a second pixel. For example, as shown in fig. 5a, the pixel unit includes a first pixel and a second pixel, where the second pixel includes a red sub-pixel, two green sub-pixels and a predetermined sub-pixel, and the ratio of the predetermined sub-pixel in the pixel unit is 1/8, where the sub-pixels are arranged in a four-in-one manner, and include four corresponding units, and each unit is divided into two.
When the number of pixels in a pixel unit is three, two first pixels and one second pixel are included. The second pixel may include a blue sub-pixel, two green sub-pixels, and a predetermined sub-pixel, and the predetermined sub-pixel has a ratio of 1/12 in the pixel unit.
When the number of the pixels in the pixel unit is four, three first pixels and one second pixel are included. For example, as shown in fig. 3a, the pixel unit includes three first pixels and one second pixel, where the second pixel includes a blue sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel, a red sub-pixel and a predetermined sub-pixel, 1/2 red sub-pixel and 1/2 green sub-pixel of the 2PD sub-pixel may be taken as the predetermined sub-pixels on the basis of the first pixels, and the occupation ratio of the predetermined sub-pixels in the pixel unit is 1/16, where the sub-pixels are arranged in a four-in-one manner, including four corresponding units, and each unit is divided into two.
The pixel array may be formed by using 1/8 ratio RGB + D pixel units, 1/12 ratio RGB + D pixel units, or 1/16 ratio RGB + D pixel units as a pixel unit array, and the pixel unit array is periodically arranged. Of course, the pixel array may be in other forms, which are not illustrated here.
As shown in fig. 4a and 4b, 1/2 the position of the predetermined sub-pixel in the second pixel is the same as that of 1/2 red, 1/2 green or 1/2 blue sub-pixels in the first pixel, and 1/2 predetermined sub-pixels in two adjacent second pixels constitute the predetermined sub-pixel.
Only 1/2 predetermined sub-pixels can be included in the second pixel, and a complete predetermined sub-pixel can be obtained by combining two adjacent second pixels. When 1/2 pre-set sub-pixels are included in the second pixel, the position of the 1/2 pre-set sub-pixel in the second pixel may be the same as the position of the 1/2 red sub-pixel in the first pixel, may also be the same as the position of the 1/2 green sub-pixel in the first pixel, and may also be the same as the position of the 1/2 blue sub-pixel in the first pixel.
When 1/2 the position of the default sub-pixel in a second pixel is the same as the position of the 1/2 red sub-pixel in the first pixel, then 1/2 the position of the default sub-pixel in another second pixel is the same as the position of the 1/2 green sub-pixel in the first pixel. When 1/2 the position of the default sub-pixel in a second pixel is the same as the position of the 1/2 green sub-pixel in the first pixel, then 1/2 the position of the default sub-pixel in another second pixel is the same as the position of the 1/2 blue sub-pixel or the 1/2 red sub-pixel in the first pixel, where the sub-pixels each include four corresponding cells and each cell is divided into two.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the pixel unit includes two second pixels and zero or more first pixels.
If the number of the pixels in the pixel unit is at least two, the pixel unit comprises two second pixels and first pixels with the number larger than or equal to zero. When the number of pixels in the pixel unit is two, two second pixels are included. For example, as shown in fig. 5b, the pixel unit includes two second pixels, wherein each of the second pixels includes a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel, a blue sub-pixel, and 1/2 default sub-pixels, where the position of 1/2 default sub-pixel in one second pixel is the same as the position of 1/2 green sub-pixel in the first pixel, and the position of 1/2 default sub-pixel in the other second pixel is the same as the position of 1/2 blue sub-pixel in the first pixel. The occupation ratio of the sub-pixel in the pixel unit is preset to be 1/8.
When the number of pixels in the pixel unit is three, two second pixels and one first pixel are included. Each of the second pixels includes a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel, a blue sub-pixel, and 1/2 default sub-pixels, where the position of the 1/2 default sub-pixel in one second pixel may be the same as the position of the 1/2 red sub-pixel in the first pixel, and the position of the 1/2 default sub-pixel in another second pixel is the same as the position of the 1/2 green sub-pixel in the first pixel. The occupation ratio of the sub-pixel in the pixel unit is preset to be 1/12.
When the number of the pixels in the pixel unit is four, two second pixels and two first pixels are included. For example, as shown in fig. 4b, the pixel unit includes two second pixels and two first pixels, wherein each of the second pixels includes a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel, a blue sub-pixel and 1/2 default sub-pixels, and at this time, the position of 1/2 default sub-pixel in one of the second pixels is the same as the position of 1/2 green sub-pixel in the first pixel, and the position of 1/2 default sub-pixel in the other second pixel is the same as the position of 1/2 red sub-pixel in the first pixel. The occupation ratio of the sub-pixel in the pixel unit is preset to be 1/16.
The pixel array may be formed by using 1/8 ratio RGB + D pixel units, 1/12 ratio RGB + D pixel units, or 1/16 ratio RGB + D pixel units as a pixel unit array, and the pixel unit array is periodically arranged. Of course, the pixel array may be in other forms, which are not illustrated here.
The above embodiments of taking the dots for several corresponding preset sub-pixels may also be other dot taking manners, and other dot taking manners in the embodiments of the present invention are not described one by one here. The dot-taking position of the sub-pixel (the position of the second pixel) in the pixel unit is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention. The density (i.e., the occupation ratio) of the predetermined sub-pixels in the first pixel unit is 1/4n, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and the size of the pixel array for the predetermined sub-pixels is not limited.
In the embodiment of the invention, the preset sub-pixels are used for receiving a blue light waveband and an infrared light waveband; the preset sub-pixel includes: the photoelectric device comprises a semiconductor layer, a metal layer, a photodiode, a first color filter and a micro mirror which are sequentially stacked, wherein the first color filter consists of a blue filter and an infrared filter.
The semiconductor layer, the metal layer, the photodiode, the first color filter and the micromirror included in the predetermined sub-pixel are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and the semiconductor layer may be a silicon substrate, but is not limited thereto. The first color filter is a filter unit array and comprises a blue filter and an infrared filter. The predetermined sub-pixel can receive the blue light band and the infrared light band.
In the embodiment of the invention, the preset sub-pixels are used for receiving a green light wave band and an infrared light wave band; the preset sub-pixel includes: the semiconductor layer, the metal layer, the photodiode, the second color filter and the micromirror are sequentially stacked, and the second color filter consists of a green filter and an infrared filter.
The second color filter is a filter unit array and comprises a green filter and an infrared filter. The predetermined sub-pixel can receive the green light band and the infrared light band.
In the embodiment of the invention, the preset sub-pixels are used for receiving a red light wave band and an infrared light wave band; the preset sub-pixel includes: the semiconductor layer, the metal layer, the photodiode, the third color filter and the micro-mirror are sequentially stacked, and the third color filter consists of a red filter and an infrared filter.
The third color filter is a filter unit array and comprises a red filter and an infrared filter. The predetermined sub-pixel can receive the red light band and the infrared light band.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the predetermined sub-pixels are configured to receive a red light band, a green light band, a blue light band, and an infrared light band; the preset sub-pixel includes: the light-emitting diode comprises a semiconductor layer, a metal layer, a photodiode, a fourth color filter and a micro mirror which are sequentially stacked, wherein the fourth color filter consists of a red filter, a green filter, a blue filter and an infrared filter.
The fourth color filter is a filter unit array and comprises a red filter, a green filter, a blue filter and an infrared filter. At this time, the predetermined sub-pixel may receive a red light band, a green light band, a blue light band, and an infrared light band.
In the embodiment of the invention, the red sub-pixel comprises a semiconductor layer, a metal layer, a photodiode, a red filter and a micro-mirror which are sequentially stacked; the green sub-pixel comprises a semiconductor layer, a metal layer, a photodiode, a green filter and a micro-mirror which are sequentially stacked; the blue sub-pixel comprises a semiconductor layer, a metal layer, a photodiode, a blue filter and a micro-mirror which are sequentially stacked.
The semiconductor layer, the metal layer, the photodiode, the red filter and the micromirror of the red sub-pixel are sequentially arranged from bottom to top. The semiconductor layer, the metal layer, the photodiode, the green filter and the micromirror of the corresponding green sub-pixel are sequentially arranged from bottom to top. The semiconductor layer, the metal layer, the photodiode, the blue filter and the micromirror of the blue sub-pixel are sequentially arranged from bottom to top. The semiconductor layer here may be a silicon substrate, but is not limited thereto.
The structures of the green sub-pixel and the preset sub-pixel can be seen in fig. 6, the D filter in fig. 6 can be a first color filter, a second color filter, a third color filter or a fourth color filter, and the structures of the red and blue sub-pixels can also be known from fig. 6, and the difference is only that the green filter is replaced by the red filter or the blue filter.
The red, green and blue sub-pixels are used for acquiring color information of pixels of the composite image, and the color information blocks infrared rays from entering; for example, only visible light with the wavelength of 380-700 nm enters, and a complete and vivid image with colors can be directly generated under high illumination. The infrared wavelength is 750-1100 nm, and the preset sub-pixels can receive the infrared band, so that the dark-state imaging effect can be improved, and the infrared distance measurement function is realized.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the image sensor is a complementary metal oxide semiconductor CMOS image sensor, a charge coupled device CCD image sensor, or a quantum thin film image sensor.
The pixel array arrangement of the present invention is not limited to the type of image sensor, and may be a CMOS-based image sensor, a CCD (Charge-coupled Device) -based image sensor, a quantum-film-based image sensor, or other types of image sensors. The image sensor of the embodiment of the invention can be applied to any electronic product comprising the camera module.
Therefore, the four-in-one RGB pixel array arrangement mode is improved into the 2PD four-in-one RGB and preset sub-pixel array arrangement mode, so that the image can be photographed and recorded, the distance can be detected to realize rapid focusing and background blurring, and the dark photographing effect can be improved by expanding the bandwidth of light acquired by the preset sub-pixels; under the condition that the photographing effect of the image sensor is not influenced, the function diversification of the mobile terminal is realized, and the use experience of a user is guaranteed.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a mobile terminal, as shown in fig. 7 and fig. 8, where the mobile terminal 1 includes an imaging system 2, and the imaging system 2 includes the above-mentioned image sensor 21, and further includes:
a lens module 22; a driving module 23 for driving the lens module 22 to move; a filter module 24 disposed between the lens module 22 and the image sensor 21; an image data processing module 25 connected to the image sensor 21; and a display module 26 connected to the image data processing module 25.
The mobile terminal 1 of the embodiment of the present invention includes an imaging system 2, wherein the imaging system 2 includes the image sensor 21, the imaging system 2 further includes a lens module 22 for focusing light, the lens module 22 is connected to a driving module 23, and the driving module 23 is configured to adjust a position of the lens module 22 along with a distance of an object to be photographed.
A filter module 24 is disposed between the lens module 22 and the image sensor 21, wherein the light is focused by the lens module 22 and then focused on the pixel array of the image sensor 21 after passing through the filter module 24. The image sensor 21 is connected to an image data processing module 25, and the image data processing module 25 is connected to a display module 26. After the light is focused on the pixel array of the image sensor 21, the image sensor 21 performs photoelectric conversion, and then transmits the data to the image data processing module 25, and the image data processing module 25 processes the data and then displays the processed data in the form of a picture on the display module 26.
After the driving module 23 adjusts the position of the lens module 22, the 2PD pixels in the image sensor 21 can be used to obtain the phase difference, so as to obtain the distance between the object and the imaging plane, thereby achieving fast focusing.
The filtering module 24 in the embodiment of the present invention can pass light wavelengths of 380nm to 1100 nm. At this time, after the light is focused by the lens module 22, the filtering module 24 can filter the light, wherein the filtering module 24 can be used for passing natural light and infrared light, and can be used for ensuring the imaging effect of the imaging system 2.
Therefore, the four-in-one RGB pixel array arrangement mode is improved into the 2PD four-in-one RGB and preset sub-pixel array arrangement mode, so that the image can be photographed and recorded, the distance can be detected to realize rapid focusing and background blurring, and the dark photographing effect can be improved by expanding the bandwidth of light acquired by the preset sub-pixels; under the condition that the photographing effect of the image sensor is not influenced, the function diversification of the mobile terminal is realized, and the use experience of a user is guaranteed.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a mobile terminal for implementing various embodiments of the present invention, where the mobile terminal 900 includes, but is not limited to: a radio frequency unit 901, a network module 902, an audio output unit 903, an input unit 904, a sensor 905, a display unit 906, a user input unit 907, an interface unit 908, a memory 909, a processor 910, and a power supply 911.
The mobile terminal 900 further includes an imaging system, which includes an image sensor and a lens module; the driving module is used for driving the lens module to move; the filtering module is arranged between the lens module and the image sensor; the image data processing module is connected with the image sensor; and the display module is connected with the image data processing module.
The filtering module can pass light wavelength of 380nm to 1100 nm.
Wherein, the image sensor includes:
the pixel array comprises a preset number of pixel units which are arranged according to a preset mode, wherein each pixel unit comprises a first pixel and a second pixel which is adjacent to the first pixel in position; the first pixel comprises a red sub-pixel, a green sub-pixel and a blue sub-pixel, and the second pixel comprises at least one of the red sub-pixel and the blue sub-pixel, the green sub-pixel and a preset sub-pixel;
the first pixel and the second pixel are all full-pixel dual-core focusing pixels, and sub-pixels in the first pixel and the second pixel are arranged in a four-in-one mode;
the preset sub-pixels receive the infrared light wave band and one of the red light wave band, the green light wave band and the blue light wave band, or the preset sub-pixels receive the infrared light wave band, the red light wave band, the green light wave band and the blue light wave band.
The position of the preset sub-pixel in the second pixel is the same as the position of the red sub-pixel, the green sub-pixel or the blue sub-pixel in the first pixel; or
Presetting the position of the sub-pixel in the second pixel to be the same as the position of the first combined sub-pixel in the first pixel, or the position of the second combined sub-pixel in the first pixel;
the first combined subpixel is a combination of 1/2 red and 1/2 green subpixels that are adjacent in position; the second combined subpixel is a combination of 1/2 green and 1/2 blue subpixels that are adjacent in position.
The pixel unit comprises a second pixel and at least one first pixel.
The position of the 1/2 default sub-pixel in the second pixel is the same as the position of the 1/2 red sub-pixel, the 1/2 green sub-pixel or the 1/2 blue sub-pixel in the first pixel, and the 1/2 default sub-pixels in two adjacent second pixels form the default sub-pixel.
Wherein the pixel unit includes two second pixels and zero or more first pixels.
The preset sub-pixels are used for receiving a blue light waveband and an infrared light waveband;
the preset sub-pixel includes: the photoelectric device comprises a semiconductor layer, a metal layer, a photodiode, a first color filter and a micro mirror which are sequentially stacked, wherein the first color filter consists of a blue filter and an infrared filter.
The preset sub-pixels are used for receiving green light wave bands and infrared light wave bands;
the preset sub-pixel includes: the semiconductor layer, the metal layer, the photodiode, the second color filter and the micromirror are sequentially stacked, and the second color filter consists of a green filter and an infrared filter.
The preset sub-pixels are used for receiving red light wave bands and infrared light wave bands;
the preset sub-pixel includes: the semiconductor layer, the metal layer, the photodiode, the third color filter and the micro-mirror are sequentially stacked, and the third color filter consists of a red filter and an infrared filter.
The preset sub-pixels are used for receiving a red light waveband, a green light waveband, a blue light waveband and an infrared light waveband;
the preset sub-pixel includes: the light-emitting diode comprises a semiconductor layer, a metal layer, a photodiode, a fourth color filter and a micro mirror which are sequentially stacked, wherein the fourth color filter consists of a red filter, a green filter, a blue filter and an infrared filter.
The red sub-pixel comprises a semiconductor layer, a metal layer, a photodiode, a red filter and a micro-mirror which are sequentially stacked; the green sub-pixel comprises a semiconductor layer, a metal layer, a photodiode, a green filter and a micro-mirror which are sequentially stacked; the blue sub-pixel comprises a semiconductor layer, a metal layer, a photodiode, a blue filter and a micro-mirror which are sequentially stacked.
The image sensor is a complementary metal oxide semiconductor CMOS image sensor, a charge coupled device CCD image sensor or a quantum thin film image sensor.
According to the mobile terminal, the four-in-one RGB pixel array arrangement mode is improved to the 2PD four-in-one RGB and preset sub-pixel array arrangement mode, so that the mobile terminal not only can be used for photographing and recording images, but also can be used for detecting distances to realize rapid focusing and background blurring, and the dark-state photographing effect can be improved by expanding the bandwidth of light acquired by the preset sub-pixels; under the condition that the photographing effect of the image sensor is not influenced, the function diversification of the mobile terminal is realized, and the use experience of a user is guaranteed.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the mobile terminal architecture shown in fig. 9 is not intended to be limiting of mobile terminals, and that a mobile terminal may include more or fewer components than shown, or some components may be combined, or a different arrangement of components. In the embodiment of the present invention, the mobile terminal includes, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a palm computer, a vehicle-mounted terminal, a wearable device, a pedometer, and the like.
It should be understood that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the radio frequency unit 901 may be used for receiving and sending signals during a message transmission and reception process or a call process, and specifically, after receiving downlink data from a base station, the downlink data is processed by the processor 910; in addition, the uplink data is transmitted to the base station. Generally, the radio frequency unit 901 includes, but is not limited to, an antenna, at least one amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a low noise amplifier, a duplexer, and the like. In addition, the radio frequency unit 901 can also communicate with a network and other devices through a wireless communication system.
The mobile terminal provides the user with wireless broadband internet access via the network module 902, such as helping the user send and receive e-mails, browse web pages, and access streaming media.
The audio output unit 903 may convert audio data received by the radio frequency unit 901 or the network module 902 or stored in the memory 909 into an audio signal and output as sound. Also, the audio output unit 903 may also provide audio output related to a specific function performed by the mobile terminal 900 (e.g., a call signal reception sound, a message reception sound, etc.). The audio output unit 903 includes a speaker, a buzzer, a receiver, and the like.
The input unit 904 is used to receive audio or video signals. The input Unit 904 may include a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) 9041 and a microphone 9042, and the Graphics processor 9041 processes image data of a still picture or video obtained by an image capturing device (such as a camera) in a video capture mode or an image capture mode. The processed image frames may be displayed on a display unit 906, i.e., the display module described above. The image frames processed by the graphic processor 9041 may be stored in the memory 909 (or other storage medium) or transmitted via the radio frequency unit 901 or the network module 902. The graphic processor 9041 is the image data processing module. The microphone 9042 can receive sounds and can process such sounds into audio data. The processed audio data may be converted into a format output transmittable to a mobile communication base station via the radio frequency unit 901 in case of the phone call mode.
The mobile terminal 900 also includes at least one sensor 905, such as a light sensor, motion sensor, and other sensors. Specifically, the light sensor includes an ambient light sensor that can adjust the brightness of the display panel 9061 according to the brightness of ambient light, and a proximity sensor that can turn off the display panel 9061 and/or backlight when the mobile terminal 900 is moved to the ear. As one of the motion sensors, the accelerometer sensor can detect the magnitude of acceleration in each direction (generally three axes), detect the magnitude and direction of gravity when stationary, and can be used to identify the posture of the mobile terminal (such as horizontal and vertical screen switching, related games, magnetometer posture calibration), and vibration identification related functions (such as pedometer, tapping); the sensors 905 may also include a fingerprint sensor, a pressure sensor, an iris sensor, a molecular sensor, a gyroscope, a barometer, a hygrometer, a thermometer, an infrared sensor, etc., which are not described in detail herein.
The display unit 906 is used to display information input by the user or information provided to the user. The Display unit 906 may include a Display panel 9061, and the Display panel 9061 may be configured in the form of a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), an Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED), or the like.
The user input unit 907 may be used to receive input numeric or character information and generate key signal inputs related to user settings and function control of the mobile terminal. Specifically, the user input unit 907 includes a touch panel 9071 and other input devices 9072. The touch panel 9071, also referred to as a touch screen, may collect touch operations by a user on or near the touch panel 9071 (e.g., operations by a user on or near the touch panel 9071 using a finger, a stylus, or any other suitable object or accessory). The touch panel 9071 may include two parts, a touch detection device and a touch controller. The touch detection device detects the touch direction of a user, detects a signal brought by touch operation and transmits the signal to the touch controller; the touch controller receives touch information from the touch sensing device, converts the touch information into touch point coordinates, sends the touch point coordinates to the processor 910, receives a command from the processor 910, and executes the command. In addition, the touch panel 9071 may be implemented by using various types such as a resistive type, a capacitive type, an infrared ray, and a surface acoustic wave. The user input unit 907 may include other input devices 9072 in addition to the touch panel 9071. Specifically, the other input devices 9072 may include, but are not limited to, a physical keyboard, function keys (such as a volume control key, a switch key, and the like), a track ball, a mouse, and a joystick, which are not described herein again.
Further, the touch panel 9071 may be overlaid on the display panel 9061, and when the touch panel 9071 detects a touch operation on or near the touch panel 9071, the touch panel is transmitted to the processor 910 to determine the type of the touch event, and then the processor 910 provides a corresponding visual output on the display panel 9061 according to the type of the touch event. Although in fig. 9, the touch panel 9071 and the display panel 9061 are two independent components to implement the input and output functions of the mobile terminal, in some embodiments, the touch panel 9071 and the display panel 9061 may be integrated to implement the input and output functions of the mobile terminal, which is not limited herein.
The interface unit 908 is an interface through which an external device is connected to the mobile terminal 900. For example, the external device may include a wired or wireless headset port, an external power supply (or battery charger) port, a wired or wireless data port, a memory card port, a port for connecting a device having an identification module, an audio input/output (I/O) port, a video I/O port, an earphone port, and the like. The interface unit 908 may be used to receive input from external devices (e.g., data information, power, etc.) and transmit the received input to one or more elements within the mobile terminal 900 or may be used to transmit data between the mobile terminal 900 and external devices.
The memory 909 may be used to store software programs as well as various data. The memory 909 may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required for at least one function (such as a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.), and the like; the storage data area may store data (such as audio data, a phonebook, etc.) created according to the use of the cellular phone, and the like. Further, the memory 909 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage device.
The processor 910 is a control center of the mobile terminal, connects various parts of the entire mobile terminal using various interfaces and lines, and performs various functions of the mobile terminal and processes data by running or executing software programs and/or modules stored in the memory 909 and calling data stored in the memory 909, thereby performing overall monitoring of the mobile terminal. Processor 910 may include one or more processing units; preferably, the processor 910 may integrate an application processor, which mainly handles operating systems, user interfaces, application programs, etc., and a modem processor, which mainly handles wireless communications. It is to be appreciated that the modem processor described above may not be integrated into processor 910.
The mobile terminal 900 may also include a power supply 911 (e.g., a battery) for powering the various components, and preferably, the power supply 911 is logically connected to the processor 910 through a power management system that provides power management functions to manage charging, discharging, and power consumption.
In addition, the mobile terminal 900 includes some functional modules that are not shown, and thus will not be described in detail herein.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that the method of the above embodiments can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases, the former is a better implementation manner. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes instructions for enabling a terminal (such as a mobile phone, a computer, a server, an air conditioner, or a network device) to execute the method according to the embodiments of the present invention.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. An image sensor, comprising:
the pixel array comprises a preset number of pixel units which are arranged according to a preset mode, wherein each pixel unit comprises a first pixel and a second pixel which is adjacent to the first pixel in position; the first pixels comprise red sub-pixels, green sub-pixels and blue sub-pixels, and the second pixels comprise at least one of the red sub-pixels and the blue sub-pixels, the green sub-pixels and preset sub-pixels;
the first pixel and the second pixel are all full-pixel dual-core focusing pixels, and sub-pixels in the first pixel and the second pixel are arranged in a four-in-one mode;
the preset sub-pixels receive an infrared light band and one of a red light band, a green light band and a blue light band, or the preset sub-pixels receive the infrared light band, the red light band, the green light band and the blue light band;
the position of the preset sub-pixel in the second pixel is the same as the position of the red sub-pixel, the green sub-pixel or the blue sub-pixel in the first pixel; or
The position of the preset sub-pixel in the second pixel is the same as that of the first combined sub-pixel in the first pixel, or the position of the preset sub-pixel in the second pixel is the same as that of the second combined sub-pixel in the first pixel;
the first combined subpixel is a combination of 1/2 red and 1/2 green subpixels that are adjacent in position; the second combined subpixel is a combination of 1/2 green and 1/2 blue subpixels that are adjacent in position;
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
1/2 the position of the preset sub-pixel in the second pixel is the same as the position of the 1/2 red sub-pixel, the 1/2 green sub-pixel or the 1/2 blue sub-pixel in the first pixel, the 1/2 preset sub-pixel in two adjacent second pixels forms the preset sub-pixel, wherein the two 1/2 preset sub-pixels forming the preset sub-pixel are adjacent.
2. The image sensor of claim 1, wherein the predetermined sub-pixel is located at the same position in the second pixel as the red sub-pixel, the green sub-pixel, or the blue sub-pixel is located in the first pixel; or the position of the preset sub-pixel in the second pixel is the same as the position of the first combined sub-pixel in the first pixel, or the position of the preset sub-pixel in the second pixel is the same as the position of the second combined sub-pixel in the first pixel, the pixel unit comprises one second pixel and at least one first pixel.
3. The image sensor of claim 1, wherein the pixel unit comprises two of the second pixels and zero or more of the first pixels if 1/2 positions of a predetermined sub-pixel in the second pixel are the same as 1/2 positions of a red sub-pixel, a 1/2 green sub-pixel or a 1/2 blue sub-pixel in the first pixel, and 1/2 predetermined sub-pixels of two adjacent second pixels constitute the predetermined sub-pixel.
4. The image sensor of claim 1, wherein the predetermined sub-pixels are configured to receive a blue light band and an infrared light band;
the preset sub-pixels include: the photoelectric device comprises a semiconductor layer, a metal layer, a photodiode, a first color filter and a micro mirror which are sequentially stacked, wherein the first color filter consists of a blue filter and an infrared filter.
5. The image sensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the predetermined sub-pixels are configured to receive a green wavelength band and an infrared wavelength band;
the preset sub-pixels include: the photoelectric device comprises a semiconductor layer, a metal layer, a photodiode, a second color filter and a micro mirror which are sequentially stacked, wherein the second color filter consists of a green filter and an infrared filter.
6. The image sensor of claim 1, wherein the predetermined sub-pixels are configured to receive a red light band and an infrared light band;
the preset sub-pixels include: the semiconductor layer, the metal layer, the photodiode, the third color filter and the micro-mirror are sequentially stacked, and the third color filter consists of a red filter and an infrared filter.
7. The image sensor of claim 1, wherein the predetermined sub-pixels are configured to receive a red light band, a green light band, a blue light band, and an infrared light band;
the preset sub-pixels include: the light-emitting diode comprises a semiconductor layer, a metal layer, a photodiode, a fourth color filter and a micro mirror which are sequentially stacked, wherein the fourth color filter consists of a red filter, a green filter, a blue filter and an infrared filter.
8. The image sensor of claim 1,
the red sub-pixel comprises a semiconductor layer, a metal layer, a photodiode, a red light filter and a micro-mirror which are sequentially stacked;
the green sub-pixel comprises a semiconductor layer, a metal layer, a photodiode, a green filter and a micro-mirror which are sequentially stacked;
the blue sub-pixel comprises a semiconductor layer, a metal layer, a photodiode, a blue filter and a micro-mirror which are sequentially stacked.
9. The image sensor of claim 1, wherein the image sensor is a Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor, a Charge Coupled Device (CCD) image sensor, or a quantum thin film image sensor.
10. A mobile terminal, characterized in that it comprises an imaging system comprising an image sensor according to any of claims 1 to 9, and further comprising:
a lens module;
the driving module is used for driving the lens module to move;
the filtering module is arranged between the lens module and the image sensor;
the image data processing module is connected with the image sensor; and
and the display module is connected with the image data processing module.
11. The mobile terminal of claim 10, wherein the filtering module passes light wavelengths from 380nm to 1100 nm.
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