CN108900235A - Based on the point-to-point communicating wireless signals method of frequency diversity array - Google Patents
Based on the point-to-point communicating wireless signals method of frequency diversity array Download PDFInfo
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- CN108900235A CN108900235A CN201810698228.0A CN201810698228A CN108900235A CN 108900235 A CN108900235 A CN 108900235A CN 201810698228 A CN201810698228 A CN 201810698228A CN 108900235 A CN108900235 A CN 108900235A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/12—Frequency diversity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/0014—Carrier regulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/18—Phase-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using phase-shift keying
- H04L27/20—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/18—Phase-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using phase-shift keying
- H04L27/22—Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/0014—Carrier regulation
- H04L2027/0024—Carrier regulation at the receiver end
- H04L2027/0026—Correction of carrier offset
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Abstract
One kind being based on the point-to-point communicating wireless signals method of frequency diversity array, and implementation step is：(1) circular configuration frequency diversity array is constructed；(2) working condition is determined；(3) initial phase is generated；(4) initial global optimum's particle is determined；(5) particle rapidity is updated；(6) more new particle phase；(7) optimal particle is determined；(8) whether optimal particle meets output condition, if so, step (9) are executed, it is no to then follow the steps (5)；(9) output phase；(10) whether meet termination condition, if so, executing step (11), otherwise, execute step (4)；(11) point-to-point communicating wireless signals are realized；Calculate average error bit rate.Signal transmitted by the present invention has pitching-azimuth-range three-dimensional dependency characteristic, eliminates the time variation of signal at legitimate receipt point, realizes more accurately point to point wireless communication and safe transmission.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of communication technology, further relate in wireless communication in array signal processing technology
One kind being based on the point-to-point communicating wireless signals method of frequency diversity array.Present invention could apply to point to point wireless communication, real
The characteristic that there is existing transmitted signal space pitching-azimuth-range three-dimensional to rely on direction modulation, thus in wireless communication system
Physical layer ensure the safe transmission of information.
Background technique
Direction modulation technique has provided direction spy in transmitting terminal synthesis using the spatial modulation ability of multi-antenna transmission array
Property digital modulation signals, guarantee the safe transmission of expectation direction signal, while signal is distorted in undesired direction.It is based on
The interference that the direction modulation technique of phased array can overcome angle to tie up, however when listener-in and legitimate receiver are located at equal angular
When different distance, the safety of transmission information can not be ensured.Modulate skill in direction based on one-dimensional linear structure frequency diversity array
Art realization pitching-is apart from two-dimensional modulation, but there are ambiguities in azimuth dimension for its directional diagram, while directional diagram is apart from peacekeeping angle
Dimension intercouples, directional diagram entire space have time variation and cyclophysis, be added significantly to the difficulty of signal processing and
Cause the waste of power.
University of Electronic Science and Technology is (special in a kind of patent document " safety communicating method and system for controlling battle array based on frequency " of its application
Sharp application number：201610829484.X application publication number：CN106385271A a kind of safety that battle array is controlled based on frequency is disclosed in)
Communication means and system.The step of method of the patent application includes as follows：Generate spreading code；The spreading code is spread to obtain
Emit array element sequence and submatrix serial number；Phase offset is added to each transmitting array element, and is modulated；Receiving end uses correlator
Signal despreading to receiving, demodulation；Signal after despreading is made decisions, and calculates the bit error rate.The invention pass through by
The autocorrelation performance of spreading code is introduced into the direction modulation based on frequency control battle array, and frequency controls battle array for phased array, in each battle array
It attached the frequency deviation for being much smaller than carrier frequency in member, pitch angle peacekeeping may be implemented on wave beam apart from upper double control,
Precision is improved on angle and distance, that is, reduces the range that demodulates of receiving end, therefore, the direction modulation based on frequency control battle array
The safety of physical layer communication of higher precision may be implemented in technology.But the shortcoming that this method still has is, due to angle
Dimension is tieed up comprising pitch angle peacekeeping orientation angles, and when transmitting array element is arranged according to one-dimensional linear structure, array beams are only
There is fuzzy behaviour in orientation angles dimension with resolution characteristic in pitch angle peacekeeping distance dimension, while directional diagram is entire
Space has time variation and cyclophysis, increases the difficulty of signal processing and causes the waste of power.
" one kind is based on random frequency in the patent document of its joint application for Institutes Of Technology Of Nanjing and The 22nd Reserch Institute Of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation
The wireless security transmission technology of rate diversity array and direction modulation " (number of patent application：201611103976.7 application publication number：
CN106998224A a kind of wireless security transmission method modulated based on random frequency diversity array and direction is disclosed in).It should
Method includes the following steps：Transmitter carries out angle and distance measurement to desired user；According to random frequency diversity array RFDA
The characteristics of modelled signal beamforming vectors simultaneously use orthographic projection to design artificial noise jamming vector；Baseband transmission letter
Number；Safe rate formula is derived using statistical theory and matrix theory and beamforming vectors and man-made noise interference vector are carried out
Power distribution；Direction, which is built, by Matlab software adjusts Communication System Simulation platform；Output performance curve, analysis are imitative with verifying
True result.Safe transmission is promoted to two-dimentional (distance from one-dimensional (pitch angle dimension) using random frequency diversity array by this method
Tieed up with pitch angle), realize accurately point-to-point signal transmission.This method obtains under traversal safe rate, by man-made noise
AN (Artificial Noise) projects to the kernel of desired locations guiding vector to interfere potential listener-in around, thus
Enhance the safety of signal transmission.But the shortcoming that this method still has is, due to accurately point-to-point wireless security
Communication system has pitching-azimuth-range three-dimensional resolution characteristic, should when transmitter array element is arranged according to one-dimensional linear structure
Array pattern only has fuzzy behaviour, while battle array in orientation angles dimension with resolution characteristic in pitch angle peacekeeping distance dimension
Column direction figure has time-varying characteristics in entire space, therefore the accuracy of point-to-point wireless security communication system reduces and increases
The time cost of signal processing.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to be directed to the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art, propose a kind of point-to-point based on frequency diversity array
Communicating wireless signals method.
Realizing the thinking of the object of the invention is：Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity array is constructed in transmitting terminal, to nicely rounded
The frequency offset of shape structure frequency diversity array antenna array element carries out time-modulation and Nonlinear Processing, determines frequency diversity battle array
The normal operating conditions of column optimizes Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity array antenna array element using enhanced particle swarm algorithm
Phase, Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity array send quadrature phase shift keying QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift
Keying) signal, legitimate receiver utilize quadrature phase shift keying QPSK receiver, receive quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal, meter
Calculate the average error bit rate for receiving quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal.
The specific steps of the present invention are as follows：
(1) Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity array is constructed：
(1a) is arranged in circle for bay is equally spaced, obtains Homogeneous Circular structural antenna array, in aerial array
Each bay far field radiated electric field；
(1b) is added in each array element of Homogeneous Circular structural antenna array and is less than 0.0001 × f of frequency0Frequency shift (FS)
It measures, each bay is constant amplitude exciting current in frequency diversity array, obtains Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity array
Far-field pattern；
(2) normal operating conditions of frequency diversity array is determined：
The bay frequency offset Δ f of (2a) to Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity arraynCarry out time-modulation and
Nonlinear function processing；
(2b) calculates Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity array emitter signal and reaches conjunction according to robustness time constant formula
The robustness time constant to be taken time at method receiving point；
(2c) by the transmitting signal moment of aerial array, reach legitimate receipt point the time required to frequency diversity array emitter
Robustness time constant the time required to signal reaches legitimate receipt point is added, when by with value as aerial array normal work
Emit the signal moment；
(3) initial phase is generated：
In the section exciting current phase [0,2 π], random generator, which is randomly generated in enhanced particle swarm algorithm, constitutes kind
The P particle of group, bay motivates when the frequency diversity array as circular configuration sends quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal
Electric current initial phase, the dimension of the search space of each particle are D, and the size of described search Spatial Dimension D is equal to Homogeneous Circular
The total N of structure frequency diversity array elements；
(4) initial global optimum's particle is determined：
(4a) chooses the complex signal of a unselected mistake from four complex signals of quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal, using suitable
Response calculation formula, the frequency diversity array for calculating circular configuration send selected time multiplexed signal, the kind of enhanced particle swarm algorithm
The fitness function value of each particle in group：
(4b) according to being ranked up from small to large, therefrom chooses the fitness function value of particles all in population minimum
Fitness function value, the global optimum by the corresponding particle of selected minimum fitness function value, when being updated as the 1st time in population
Particle；
(5) following speed more new formula is utilized, the speed of each particle in Population Regeneration：
Wherein,It indicates in D dimension search space, after τ+1 time updates, the speed of i-th of particle in population, w is indicated
The inertia weight factor,It indicates in D dimension search space, after the τ times updates, the speed of i-th of particle, c in population1Expression takes
The Studying factors that value is 1.5, r1Indicate that the D that random number generator generates ties up random number,It indicates in D dimension search space, τ
After secondary update, the individual extreme value phase of i-th of particle in population,It indicates in D dimension search space, after the τ times updates, kind
The phase of i-th of particle, c in group2Indicate that value is 1.5 Studying factors, r2The D dimension for indicating that random number generator generates is random
Number,It indicates in D dimension search space, global optimum's particle phase of population, c after the τ times update3Indicate that value is 1
Practise the factor, r3Indicate that the D that random number generator generates ties up random number,It indicates in D dimension search space, after the τ times updates,
(i-1)-th particle individual extreme value phase in population；
(6) according to the following formula, in Population Regeneration each particle phase：
Wherein,It indicates in D dimension search space, after τ+1 time updates, the phase of i-th of particle in population,Table
Show in D dimension search space, after the τ times updates, the phase of i-th of particle in population,It indicates in D dimension search space, the
After τ+1 time updates, the speed of i-th of particle in population；
(7) current updated population global optimum particle is determined
Using fitness calculation formula, the fitness function value of each particle in population after currently updating is calculated, it will be current
The fitness function value of all particles therefrom chooses minimum fitness letter according to being ranked up from small to large in population after update
Numerical value, by the corresponding particle of selected minimum fitness function value, as current updated population global optimum particle；
(8) judge the fitness function value of current updated population global optimum particle whether less than 0.0001, if so,
(9) are thened follow the steps, otherwise, are executed step (5)；
(9) bay exciting current phase is exported：
It currently updated population global optimum particle, the frequency diversity array as Homogeneous Circular structure will send orthogonal
The phase of the bay exciting current of selected time multiplexed signal in phase-shift keying (PSK) QPSK signal；
(10) judge whether to have selected four complex signals in quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal, if so, thening follow the steps
(11), step (4) otherwise, are executed；
(11) point-to-point communicating wireless signals are realized：
Bay when the frequency diversity array of circular configuration is sent quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal by (11a) motivates
Current phase is added in the frequency diversity array of circular configuration；
The frequency diversity array of (11b) circular configuration sends quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal, by additive Gaussian white noise
Acoustic channel, quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal reach legitimate receipt point；
(11c) legitimate receiver utilizes quadrature phase shift keying QPSK receiver, receives quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal, circle
Position reception as signal of the position where shape structure frequency diversity array as signal launch point, where legitimate receiver
Point realizes the point-to-point communicating wireless signals of frequency diversity array.
The present invention has the following advantages that compared with prior art：
First, it is since the present invention is when constructing frequency diversity array, the bay of frequency diversity array is equally spaced
It is arranged in circle, obtains Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity antenna array, optimizes bay exciting current phase, realizes point pair
Point communicating wireless signals, overcome the prior art in point-to-point communicating wireless signals, transmitted signal distributions are in pitching-side
The problem of position or distance-pitching two-dimensional surface region, so that signal distributions transmitted by the present invention are in distance-pitching-azimuthal point
Shape region, reduce the region of signal transmitted distribution, further ensured the safety of signal transmitted, realizes more accurate
Point-to-point signal communicating wireless signals.
Second, since the present invention is when determining the normal operating conditions of frequency diversity array, when being carried out to frequency offset
Between modulate and Nonlinear Processing, it is legal to connect when overcoming the prior art and being based on the point-to-point communicating wireless signals of frequency diversity array
The frequency diversity array transmission signal of time variation and circular configuration that signal is received at sink exists in distance dimension periodically asks
Topic, so that the invariant feature when legitimate receipt point has of signal transmitted by the present invention, while only being sent out in legitimate receipt point place
The signal sent is undistorted, the signal serious distortion transmitted by other regions, it is ensured that the safety of signal transmitted, further
The safety of signal transmitted when improving point-to-point communicating wireless signals.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is implementation flow chart of the invention；
Fig. 2 is four time multiplexed signals that frequency diversity array of the present invention sends quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal, antenna array
The phase distribution figure of first exciting current；
When Fig. 3 is that frequency diversity array of the present invention sends quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal, average error bit rate is with array
The distribution map of launch time variation；
When Fig. 4 is that frequency diversity array of the present invention sends quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal, determined in distance by 90km
Region, pitching-orientation two dimension average error bit rate spatial distribution map；
When Fig. 5 is that frequency diversity array of the present invention sends quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal, determined in pitch angle by 60 °
Region, range-azimuth two dimension average error bit rate spatial distribution map；
It is true for 120 ° of institutes at azimuth when Fig. 6 is that frequency diversity array of the present invention sends quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal
Fixed region, distance-pitching two dimension average error bit rate spatial distribution map.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Referring to Fig.1, specific implementation step of the invention is further described.
Step 1, Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity array is constructed.
Circle is arranged in by bay is equally spaced, obtains Homogeneous Circular structural antenna array, it is every in aerial array
The far field radiated electric field of a bay is obtained by following formula：
Wherein, EnIndicate that the far field radiated electric field of n-th of bay in aerial array, n indicate antenna in aerial array
The number of array element, InIndicate the amplitude for being input to n-th of bay exciting current in aerial array, RnIt indicates in aerial array
N-th of bay is to the distance of legitimate receipt point, and using natural constant e as the index operation at bottom, j indicates imaginary number list for exp expression
Bit sign, φnIndicate the phase for being input to n-th of bay exciting current in aerial array, π indicates pi, fnIndicate day
The working frequency of n-th of bay in linear array, t indicate the transmitting signal moment of aerial array, knIt indicates in aerial array
Free space wave number when n-th of bay work.
In each array element of Homogeneous Circular structural antenna array, adds and be less than 0.0001 × f of frequency0Frequency offset,
Each bay is constant amplitude exciting current, the far field direction of Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity array in frequency diversity array
Figure is obtained by following formula：
Wherein AF indicates that the far-field pattern of Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity array, N indicate Homogeneous Circular structure frequency
The sum of diversity array elements, ∑ () indicate cumulative sum operation, f0Indicate center carrier frequencies, value 10GHz, a
Indicate that the radius of Homogeneous Circular structure, value 0.03m, c indicate the light velocity, size is 3 × 108M/s, sin indicate sinusoidal
Function operation, the pitch angle of θ representation space, in the range of [- 90 °, 90 °],Indicate in frequency diversity array n-th array element with
The angle in the circular configuration center of circle,The azimuth of representation space, in the range of [0 °, 360 °], Δ fnIndicate frequency diversity array the
The frequency offset of n array element, R representation space distance, in the range of [0,200km].
Step 2, the normal operating conditions of frequency diversity array is determined.
To the bay frequency offset Δ f of Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity arraynCarry out time-modulation and non-thread
Property function processing, the bay frequency offset of Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity array obtains according to the following equation：
Wherein, Δ fnIndicate that the frequency offset of n-th of array element of Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity array, F (N) indicate hair
Penetrate the Nonlinear function of n-th bay in frequency diversity array when signal reaches legitimate receipt point, the frequency point
The nonlinear function F (n) of collection n-th of array element of array refers to logarithmic function, tangent function, any one in polynomial function,
Nonlinear function is that bay number n is determined in frequency diversity array, f0Indicate center carrier frequencies, a indicates nicely rounded
The radius of shape structure, c indicate that the light velocity, sin indicate SIN function operation, θ0Indicate the coordinate system constructed by frequency diversity array
The pitch angle of middle legitimate receipt point, value are 60 °,Indicate n-th of array element and the circular configuration center of circle in frequency diversity array
Angle,Indicate the azimuth of legitimate receipt point in the coordinate system constructed by frequency diversity array, value is 120 °, R0
Indicate the distance of legitimate receipt point in the coordinate system constructed by frequency diversity array, value 90km.
According to robustness time constant formula, calculates Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity array emitter signal and reach legal connect
The robustness time constant to be taken time at sink, robustness time constant formula are as follows：
Wherein, the time required to Δ t indicates that Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity array emitter signal reaches legitimate receipt point
Robustness time constant, n-th bay in frequency diversity array when F (N) indicates to transmit signals to up to legitimate receipt point
Nonlinear function, f0Indicate center carrier frequencies, a indicates that the radius of Homogeneous Circular structure, c indicate that the light velocity, sin indicate sinusoidal
Function operation, θ0Indicate the pitch angle of legitimate receipt point in the coordinate system constructed by frequency diversity array,Indicate frequency point
Collect the angle of n-th array element and the circular configuration center of circle in array,It indicates to close in the coordinate system constructed by frequency diversity array
The azimuth of method receiving point.
It is according to following public affairs that Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity array emitter signal, which reaches legitimate receipt point place and takes time,
What formula obtained：
Wherein, t0The time required to indicating that Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity array emitter signal reaches legitimate receipt point, institute
It states legitimate receipt point and refers to legitimate receiver coordinate points corresponding in the coordinate system constructed by frequency diversity array, R0It indicates
In the coordinate system constructed by frequency diversity array from coordinate origin to legitimate receipt point distance.
By the transmitting signal moment of aerial array, reach legitimate receipt point required time and frequency diversity array emitter signal
Robustness time constant the time required to reaching legitimate receipt point is added, by transmitting when working normally with value as aerial array
The signal moment, while will be brought into the far-field pattern of Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity array with value, then when working normally,
Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity array far-field pattern is obtained by following formula：
Wherein, Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity array far-field pattern when AF indicates to work normally, the normal work of t ' expression
When making, Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity array emitter signal time, in the range of [0,0.8], unit is millisecond, In indicate with
Natural constant e is the log operations at bottom.
Step 3, initial phase is generated.
In the section exciting current phase [0,2 π], random generator, which is randomly generated in enhanced particle swarm algorithm, constitutes kind
The P particle of group, bay motivates when the frequency diversity array as circular configuration sends quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal
Electric current initial phase, it is that 1, phase is respectively that the quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal, which refers to that it normalizes amplitude,Complex signal, the total number P value of particle is 100 in population, and the dimension of the search space of each particle is
The size of D, described search Spatial Dimension D are equal to the total N of Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity array elements, Homogeneous Circular structure
The total N value of frequency diversity array elements is 12.
Step 4, initial global optimum's particle is determined.
The complex signal that a unselected mistake is chosen from four complex signals of quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal, utilizes fitness
Calculation formula, the frequency diversity array for calculating circular configuration send selected time multiplexed signal, in the population of enhanced particle swarm algorithm
The fitness function value of each particle, fitness calculation formula are as follows：
Wherein, C(m)Indicate that the frequency diversity array of Homogeneous Circular structure sends the corresponding fitness letter of m-th of time multiplexed signal
Numerical value, m=1,2,3,4, | | indicate the operation that takes absolute value, N indicates that the array element of the frequency diversity array of Homogeneous Circular structure is total
It counting, In is indicated using natural constant e as the log operations at bottom,Indicate that circular configuration frequency diversity array sends quadrature phase shift key
Control m-th of time multiplexed signal in QPSK signal, the phase of n-th of bay exciting current of frequency diversity array, ()2Indicate flat
Side's operation.
By the fitness function value of particles all in population, according to being ranked up from small to large, minimum adapt to therefrom is chosen
Functional value is spent, global optimum's grain by the corresponding particle of selected minimum fitness function value, when updating as the 1st time in population
Son.
Step 5, using following speed more new formula, the speed of each particle in Population Regeneration：
Wherein,It indicates in D dimension search space, after τ+1 time updates, the speed of i-th of particle in population, w is indicated
The inertia weight factor,It indicates in D dimension search space, after the τ times updates, the speed of i-th of particle, c in population1Expression takes
The Studying factors that value is 1.5, r1Indicate that the D that random number generator generates ties up random number,It indicates in D dimension search space, τ
After secondary update, the individual extreme value phase of i-th of particle in population,It indicates in D dimension search space, after the τ times updates, kind
The phase of i-th of particle, c in group2Indicate that value is 1.5 Studying factors, r2The D dimension for indicating that random number generator generates is random
Number,It indicates in D dimension search space, global optimum's particle phase of population, c after the τ times update3Indicate that value is 1
Practise the factor, r3Indicate that the D that random number generator generates ties up random number,It indicates in D dimension search space, after the τ times updates,
(i-1)-th particle individual extreme value phase in population.
The inertia weight factor is obtained by following formula：
Wherein, w indicates the inertia weight factor, wmaxIndicate that value is 0.9 inertia weight factor maximum value, wminExpression takes
The minimum value for the inertia weight factor that value is 0.4, Gen expression work as the fitness function value of global optimum's particle more less than 0.0001
Update times at the end of new, τ indicate the number currently updated in real time.
Step 6, according to the following formula, in Population Regeneration each particle phase：
Wherein,It indicates in D dimension search space, after τ+1 time updates, the phase of i-th of particle in population,Table
Show in D dimension search space, after the τ times updates, the phase of i-th of particle in population,It indicates in D dimension search space, the
After τ+1 time updates, the speed of i-th of particle in population.
Step 7, current updated population global optimum particle is determined.
Using fitness calculation formula, the fitness function value of each particle in population after currently updating is calculated, it will be current
The fitness function value of all particles therefrom chooses minimum fitness letter according to being ranked up from small to large in population after update
Numerical value, by the corresponding particle of selected minimum fitness function value, as current updated population global optimum particle.
Step 8, judge the fitness function value of current updated population global optimum particle whether less than 0.0001, if
It is to then follow the steps 9, otherwise, executes step 5.
Step 9, bay exciting current phase is exported.
It currently updated population global optimum particle, the frequency diversity array as Homogeneous Circular structure will send orthogonal
The phase of the bay exciting current of selected time multiplexed signal in phase-shift keying (PSK) QPSK signal.
Fig. 2 (a) is that frequency diversity array sends the 1st time multiplexed signal of quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal, and bay swashs
The phase distribution figure of electric current is encouraged, abscissa line represents the number of frequency diversity array antenna array element, dimensionless, and the coordinate longitudinal axis indicates
The phase of bay exciting current, unit are degree, and black circles indicate that frequency diversity array sends quadrature phase shift keying QPSK
The 1st time multiplexed signal of signal, the phase value of bay exciting current.
Fig. 2 (b) is that frequency diversity array sends the 2nd time multiplexed signal of quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal, and bay swashs
The phase distribution figure of electric current is encouraged, abscissa line represents the number of frequency diversity array antenna array element, dimensionless, and the coordinate longitudinal axis indicates
The phase of bay exciting current, unit are degree, and black circles indicate that frequency diversity array sends quadrature phase shift keying QPSK
The 2nd time multiplexed signal of signal, the phase value of bay exciting current.
Fig. 2 (c) is that frequency diversity array sends the 3rd time multiplexed signal of quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal, and bay swashs
The phase distribution figure of electric current is encouraged, abscissa line represents the number of frequency diversity array antenna array element, dimensionless, and the coordinate longitudinal axis indicates
The phase of bay exciting current, unit are degree, and black circles indicate that frequency diversity array sends quadrature phase shift keying QPSK
The 3rd time multiplexed signal of signal, the phase value of bay exciting current.
Fig. 2 (d) is that frequency diversity array sends the 4th time multiplexed signal of quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal, and bay swashs
The phase distribution figure of electric current is encouraged, abscissa line represents the number of frequency diversity array antenna array element, dimensionless, and the coordinate longitudinal axis indicates
The phase of bay exciting current, unit are degree, and black circles indicate that frequency diversity array sends quadrature phase shift keying
The 4th time multiplexed signal of QPSK signal, the phase value of bay exciting current.
Step 10, judge whether to have selected four complex signals in quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal, if so, thening follow the steps
11, otherwise, execute step 4.
Step 11, point-to-point communicating wireless signals are realized.
The frequency diversity array of circular configuration is sent to bay exciting current when quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal
Phase is added in the frequency diversity array of circular configuration.
The frequency diversity array of circular configuration sends quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal, quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal warp
Additive white Gaussian noise channel is crossed, legitimate receipt point is reached.
Legitimate receiver utilizes quadrature phase shift keying QPSK receiver, receives quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal.Circle knot
Position where structure frequency diversity array is as signal launch point, receiving point of the position as signal where legitimate receiver,
It realizes based on the point-to-point communicating wireless signals of frequency diversity array.
The distortion of different zones information when bit error rate BER (Bit Error Ratio) is used to assess communicating wireless signals
Degree.At given Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) (Signal to Noise Ratio), frequency diversity array sends quadrature phase shift key
When controlling QPSK signal, the average error bit rate of different zones is obtained by following formula.
Wherein, when BER indicates that frequency diversity array sends quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal, the average accidentally ratio of different zones
Special rate.BER11Indicate that frequency diversity array sends the 1st time multiplexed signal in quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal, different zones
Bit error rate, BER01Indicate that frequency diversity array sends the 2nd time multiplexed signal in quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal, different zones
Bit error rate, BER00Indicate that frequency diversity array sends the 3rd time multiplexed signal in quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal, it is different
The bit error rate in region, BER10Indicate that frequency diversity array sends the 4th time multiplexed signal in quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal,
The bit error rate of different zones.
M-th of complex signal in received quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal is located at inphase quadrature IQ coordinate system different location
When, the calculation formula of bit error rate is different, and m-th of complex signal is located at inphase quadrature in received quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal
In IQ coordinate system when m quadrant, bit error rate is obtained by following formula：
Wherein, BERxyIndicate that frequency diversity array sends m-th of time multiplexed signal in quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal, it is different
The bit error rate in region, the value of x, y are 0,1, erfc () expression complementary Gaussian error operation,Indicate square root functions,
lxyIndicate the amplitude of m-th of complex signal in received quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal, β indicates received quadrature phase shift key QPSK
Control the phase of m-th of complex signal in signal, N0Indicate the mean power of additive Gaussian channel white noise, additive Gaussian channel white noise
The mean power of sound can be obtained by following formula：
Wherein, N0Indicate the mean power of additive Gaussian channel white noise, S indicates that frequency diversity array sends orthogonal phase shift
The mean power of keying QPSK signal, S value are that 144, SNR indicates signal-to-noise ratio, and SNR value is 10dB.
M-th of complex signal is located at inphase quadrature IQ coordinate system m quadrant in received quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal
When adjacent quadrants, bit error rate is obtained by following formula：
BERxy=0.5
M-th of complex signal is located at inphase quadrature IQ coordinate system m quadrant in received quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal
When diagonal quadrant, bit error rate is obtained by following formula：
BERxy=1
Wherein, xy expression encodes quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal with Gray code, when xy value is 11, indicates
Frequency diversity array sends the 1st complex signal in quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal, when xy value is 01, indicates frequency diversity battle array
Column send the 2nd complex signal in quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal, and when xy value is 00, it is orthogonal to indicate that frequency diversity array is sent
3rd complex signal in phase-shift keying (PSK) QPSK signal when xy value is 10, indicates that frequency diversity array sends quadrature phase shift keying
4th complex signal in QPSK signal.
According to the following formula, using the bit error rate of decibel dB form, the distortion degree of different zones information is more clearly assessed：
BER (dB)=log10 (BER)
Wherein, BER (dB) indicates the bit error rate of decibel dB form, and log10 () is indicated with natural number 10 bottom of for pair
Number operation.
It is 90km in distance, pitch angle is when Fig. 3 (a) is that frequency diversity array sends quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal
Region determined by 60 °, distribution map of the azimuth dimension average error bit rate with array emitter time change, abscissa line expression antenna
Emit signal time when array works normally, unit is millisecond, and coordinate longitudinal axis representation space azimuth, unit is degree, clearly
As it can be seen that when azimuth is 120 °, the decibel value of average error bit rate is less than -6dB at legitimate receiver, legitimate receipt is realized
The timeinvariance of point signal, it is ensured that legitimate receiver is accurately received signal, in other regions, the decibel of average error bit rate
Value is greater than -1dB, it is ensured that signal serious distortion, when having ensured communicating wireless signals, and the safety of transmitted signal.
It is 90km in distance, azimuth is when Fig. 3 (b) is that frequency diversity array sends quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal
Region determined by 120 °, pitching tie up average error bit rate with the distribution map of array emitter time change, and abscissa line indicates day
Emit signal time when linear array works normally, unit is millisecond, and coordinate longitudinal axis representation space pitch angle, unit is degree, clearly
Clear when pitch angle is 60 °, the decibel value of average error bit rate is less than -6dB as it can be seen that at legitimate receiver, realizes legitimate receipt
The timeinvariance of point signal, it is ensured that legitimate receiver is accurately received signal, in other regions, the decibel of average error bit rate
Value is greater than -1dB, it is ensured that signal serious distortion, when having ensured communicating wireless signals, and the safety of transmitted signal.
It is 120 ° at azimuth when Fig. 3 (c) is that frequency diversity array sends quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal, pitch angle
For region determined by 60 °, abscissa line indicates to emit signal time when aerial array works normally, and unit is millisecond, is sat
Marking the longitudinal axis indicates distance, and unit is km, high-visible, at legitimate receiver, when distance is 90km, and point of average error bit rate
Shellfish value is less than -6dB, realizes the timeinvariance of legitimate receipt point signal, it is ensured that and legitimate receiver is accurately received signal,
The decibel value in other regions, average error bit rate is greater than -1dB, it is ensured that signal serious distortion has ensured communicating wireless signals
When, the safety of transmitted signal.
It is region determined by 90km in distance when Fig. 4 is that frequency diversity array sends quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal,
Pitching-orientation two dimension average error bit rate spatial distribution map, abscissa line representation space pitch angle, unit are degree, the coordinate longitudinal axis
Representation space azimuth, unit is degree, high-visible, at legitimate receiver (90km, 60 °, 120 °), average error bit rate
Decibel value is less than -6dB, it is ensured that legitimate receiver is accurately received signal, average to miss at region (90km, -60 °, 300 °)
The decibel value of bit rate is less than -6dB, when being due to ideal situation emulation, when sin () being taken to operate, and the property with odd function
Matter, when cos () being taken to operate, the property with even function, in Project Realization, aerial array emits signal in upper half-space
When, the signal positioned at lower half-space region point (90km, -60 °, 300 °) is not present, and point-to-point communicating wireless signals is realized, at it
His region, average error bit rate is very high, indicates signal transmitted in the region serious distortion, it is ensured that the safety of transmitted signal
When Fig. 5 is that frequency diversity array of the present invention sends quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal, determined in pitch angle by 60 °
Region, range-azimuth two dimension average error bit rate spatial distribution map, abscissa line indicates that distance, unit are km, and coordinate is vertical
Axis representation space azimuth, unit is degree, high-visible, at legitimate receiver (90km, 60 °, 120 °), average error bit rate
Decibel value be less than -6dB, it is ensured that legitimate receiver is accurately received signal, and in entire space, average error bit rate only has
Unique minimum value eliminates signal transmitted in the periodicity of distance dimension, it is ensured that the safety of transmitted signal.
It is true for 120 ° of institutes at azimuth when Fig. 6 is that frequency diversity array of the present invention sends quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal
Fixed region, distance-pitching two dimension average error bit rate spatial distribution map, abscissa line indicate distance, and unit is km, coordinate
Longitudinal axis representation space pitch angle, unit is degree, high-visible, at legitimate receiver (90km, 60 °, 120 °), mean bit error
The decibel value of rate is less than -6dB, it is ensured that legitimate receiver is accurately received signal, and in entire space, average error bit rate is only
There is unique minimum value, eliminates signal transmitted in the periodicity of distance dimension, it is ensured that the safety of transmitted signal.
Claims (9)
1. one kind is based on the point-to-point communicating wireless signals method of frequency diversity array, which is characterized in that uniform in transmitting terminal building
Circular configuration frequency diversity array carries out time tune to the bay frequency offset of Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity array
System and nonlinear function processing, determine the normal operating conditions of frequency diversity array, and using enhanced particle swarm algorithm, optimization is equal
The phase of nicely rounded shape structure frequency diversity array antenna array element, realizes point-to-point communicating wireless signals, the specific steps of this method
It is as follows：
(1) Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity array is constructed：
(1a) is arranged in circle for bay is equally spaced, obtains Homogeneous Circular structural antenna array, every in aerial array
The far field radiated electric field of a bay；
(1b) is added in each array element of Homogeneous Circular structural antenna array and is less than 0.0001 × f of frequency0Frequency offset, frequency
Each bay is constant amplitude exciting current in rate diversity array, obtains the far field side of Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity array
Xiang Tu；
(2) normal operating conditions of frequency diversity array is determined：
The bay frequency offset Δ f of (2a) to Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity arraynCarry out time-modulation and non-linear
Function processing；
(2b) calculates Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity array emitter signal and reaches legal connect according to robustness time constant formula
The robustness time constant to be taken time at sink；
(2c) by the transmitting signal moment of aerial array, reach legitimate receipt point the time required to frequency diversity array emitter signal
Robustness time constant the time required to reaching legitimate receipt point is added, by transmitting when working normally with value as aerial array
The signal moment；
(3) initial phase is generated：
In the section exciting current phase [0,2 π], random generator, which is randomly generated in enhanced particle swarm algorithm, constitutes population
P particle, bay exciting current when the frequency diversity array as circular configuration sends quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal
Initial phase, the dimension of the search space of each particle are D, and the size of described search Spatial Dimension D is equal to Homogeneous Circular structure
The total N of frequency diversity array elements；
(4) initial global optimum's particle is determined：
(4a) chooses the complex signal of a unselected mistake from four complex signals of quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal, utilizes fitness
Calculation formula, the frequency diversity array for calculating circular configuration send selected time multiplexed signal, in the population of enhanced particle swarm algorithm
The fitness function value of each particle：
The fitness function value of particles all in population according to being ranked up from small to large, is therefrom chosen minimum adapt to by (4b)
Functional value is spent, global optimum's grain by the corresponding particle of selected minimum fitness function value, when updating as the 1st time in population
Son；
(5) following speed more new formula is utilized, the speed of each particle in Population Regeneration：
Wherein,It indicates in D dimension search space, after τ+1 time updates, the speed of i-th of particle in population, w indicates inertia
Weight factor,It indicates in D dimension search space, after the τ times updates, the speed of i-th of particle, c in population1Indicate that value is
1.5 Studying factors, r1Indicate that the D that random number generator generates ties up random number,It indicates in D dimension search space, the τ times more
After new, the individual extreme value phase of i-th of particle in population,It indicates in D dimension search space, after the τ times updates, in population
The phase of i-th of particle, c2Indicate that value is 1.5 Studying factors, r2Indicate that the D that random number generator generates ties up random number,It indicates in D dimension search space, global optimum's particle phase of population, c after the τ times update3Indicate value be 1 study because
Son, r3Indicate that the D that random number generator generates ties up random number,It indicates in D dimension search space, after the τ times updates, population
In (i-1)-th particle individual extreme value phase；
(6) according to the following formula, in Population Regeneration each particle phase：
Wherein,It indicates in D dimension search space, after τ+1 time updates, the phase of i-th of particle in population,It indicates
D is tieed up in search space, after the τ times updates, the phase of i-th of particle in population,It indicates in D dimension search space, τ+1
After secondary update, the speed of i-th of particle in population；
(7) current updated population global optimum particle is determined
Using fitness calculation formula, the fitness function value of each particle in population after currently updating is calculated, will currently be updated
The fitness function value of all particles therefrom chooses minimum fitness function value according to being ranked up from small to large in population afterwards,
By the corresponding particle of selected minimum fitness function value, as current updated population global optimum particle；
(8) fitness function value of current updated population global optimum particle is judged whether less than 0.0001, if so, holding
Row step (9) otherwise executes step (5)；
(9) bay exciting current phase is exported：
Currently updated population global optimum particle, the frequency diversity array as Homogeneous Circular structure it will send orthogonal phase shift
The phase of the bay exciting current of selected time multiplexed signal in keying QPSK signal；
(10) judge whether to have selected four complex signals in quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal, if so, (11) are thened follow the steps, it is no
Then, step (4) are executed；
(11) point-to-point communicating wireless signals are realized：
The frequency diversity array of circular configuration is sent bay exciting current when quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal by (11a)
Phase is added in the frequency diversity array of circular configuration；
The frequency diversity array of (11b) circular configuration sends quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal, believes by additive white Gaussian noise
Road, quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal reach legitimate receipt point；
(11c) legitimate receiver utilizes quadrature phase shift keying QPSK receiver, receives quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal, circle knot
Position where structure frequency diversity array is as signal launch point, receiving point of the position as signal where legitimate receiver,
Realize the point-to-point communicating wireless signals of frequency diversity array.
2. according to claim 1 be based on the point-to-point communicating wireless signals method of frequency diversity array, which is characterized in that step
Suddenly the far field radiated electric field of each bay in aerial array described in (1a) is obtained by following formula：
Wherein, EnIndicate that the far field radiated electric field of n-th of bay in aerial array, n indicate bay in aerial array
Number, InIndicate the amplitude for being input to n-th of bay exciting current in aerial array, RnIt indicates in aerial array n-th day
Linear array member is to the distance of legitimate receipt point, and using natural constant e as the index operation at bottom, j indicates imaginary unit's symbol for exp expression,
φnIndicate the phase for being input to n-th of bay exciting current in aerial array, π indicates pi, fnIndicate aerial array
In n-th of bay working frequency, t indicate aerial array the transmitting signal moment, knIt indicates in aerial array n-th day
Free space wave number when linear array member works.
3. according to claim 1 be based on the point-to-point communicating wireless signals method of frequency diversity array, which is characterized in that step
Suddenly the far-field pattern of the diversity array of Homogeneous Circular structure frequency described in (1b) is obtained by following formula：
Wherein, AF indicates that the far-field pattern of Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity array, N indicate Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity
The sum of array elements, ∑ () indicate cumulative sum operation, f0Indicate center carrier frequencies, a indicates Homogeneous Circular structure
Radius, c indicate that the light velocity, sin indicate that SIN function operates, the pitch angle of θ representation space,It indicates n-th in frequency diversity array
The angle of a array element and the circular configuration center of circle,The azimuth of representation space, Δ fnIndicate n-th of array element of frequency diversity array
Frequency offset, R representation space distance.
4. according to claim 1 be based on the point-to-point communicating wireless signals method of frequency diversity array, which is characterized in that step
Suddenly the bay frequency offset of the diversity array of Homogeneous Circular structure frequency described in (2a) is to obtain according to the following equation
's：
Wherein, Δ fnIndicate that the frequency offset of n-th of array element of Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity array, F (N) indicate transmitting letter
Number reach legitimate receipt point when frequency diversity array in n-th bay Nonlinear function, the frequency diversity battle array
The nonlinear function F (n) of n-th of array element of column refers to logarithmic function, tangent function, any one in polynomial function, non-thread
Property functional value be in frequency diversity array bay number n determine, f0Indicate center carrier frequencies, a indicates Homogeneous Circular knot
The radius of structure, c indicate that the light velocity, sin indicate SIN function operation, θ0It indicates to close in the coordinate system constructed by frequency diversity array
The pitch angle of method receiving point,Indicate the angle of n-th array element and the circular configuration center of circle in frequency diversity array,It indicates
The azimuth of legitimate receipt point, R in coordinate system constructed by frequency diversity array0Indicate the seat constructed by frequency diversity array
The distance of legitimate receipt point in mark system.
5. according to claim 1 be based on the point-to-point communicating wireless signals method of frequency diversity array, which is characterized in that step
Suddenly robustness time constant described in (2b) is obtained by following formula：
Wherein, Δ t indicates the robust the time required to Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity array emitter signal arrival legitimate receipt point
Property time constant, F (N) indicates when transmitting signals to up to legitimate receipt point the non-thread of n-th bay in frequency diversity array
Property functional value, f0Indicate center carrier frequencies, a indicates that the radius of Homogeneous Circular structure, c indicate that the light velocity, sin indicate SIN function
Operation, θ0Indicate the pitch angle of legitimate receipt point in the coordinate system constructed by frequency diversity array,Indicate frequency diversity battle array
The angle of n-th array element and the circular configuration center of circle in column,It indicates legal in the coordinate system constructed by frequency diversity array to connect
The azimuth of sink.
6. according to claim 1 be based on the point-to-point communicating wireless signals method of frequency diversity array, which is characterized in that step
Suddenly the diversity array emitter signal of Homogeneous Circular structure frequency described in (2b) reach legitimate receipt point place take time be according to
What following formula obtained：
Wherein, t0It is described legal the time required to indicating that Homogeneous Circular structure frequency diversity array emitter signal reaches legitimate receipt point
Receiving point refers to legitimate receiver coordinate points corresponding in the coordinate system constructed by frequency diversity array, R0It indicates in frequency
In coordinate system constructed by diversity array from coordinate origin to legitimate receipt point distance.
7. according to claim 1 be based on the point-to-point communicating wireless signals method of frequency diversity array, which is characterized in that step
Suddenly it is that 1, phase is respectively that quadrature phase shift keying QPSK signal described in (3), which refers to that it normalizes amplitude,
Complex signal.
8. according to claim 1 be based on the point-to-point communicating wireless signals method of frequency diversity array, which is characterized in that step
Suddenly fitness calculation formula described in (4a) is as follows：
Wherein, C(m)Indicate that the frequency diversity array of Homogeneous Circular structure sends the corresponding fitness function of m-th of time multiplexed signal
Value, m=1,2,3,4, | | indicating the operation that takes absolute value, N indicates the array element sum of the frequency diversity array of Homogeneous Circular structure,
In indicate using natural constant e as the log operations at bottom,Indicate that circular configuration frequency diversity array sends quadrature phase shift keying
M-th of time multiplexed signal in QPSK signal, the phase of n-th of bay exciting current of frequency diversity array, ()2Expression square
Operation.
9. according to claim 1 be based on the point-to-point communicating wireless signals method of frequency diversity array, which is characterized in that step
Suddenly the inertia weight factor described in (5) is obtained by following formula：
Wherein, w indicates the inertia weight factor, wmaxIndicate that value is 0.9 inertia weight factor maximum value, wminIndicate that value is
The minimum value of the 0.4 inertia weight factor, Gen indicate to update knot less than 0.0001 when the fitness function value of global optimum's particle
Update times when beam, τ indicate the number of current real-time update.
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