CN108899624B - Tunable amplitude equalizer based on novel topological structure - Google Patents
Tunable amplitude equalizer based on novel topological structure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108899624B CN108899624B CN201810588739.7A CN201810588739A CN108899624B CN 108899624 B CN108899624 B CN 108899624B CN 201810588739 A CN201810588739 A CN 201810588739A CN 108899624 B CN108899624 B CN 108899624B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- transmission line
- thin film
- film resistor
- equalizer
- series
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/04—Coupling devices of the waveguide type with variable factor of coupling
Abstract
The invention relates to a tunable amplitude equalizer based on a novel topological structure, which comprises an input-output transmission line, thin film resistors R1-R4 and transmission lines TL1-TL 5; the whole topology is formed by connecting three parts in parallel: the first part is a series transmission line part after two ends of the transmission line TL1 are respectively connected with the thin film resistor R1 and the thin film resistor R2 in series; the second part is a T-shaped network consisting of a transmission line TL3, a transmission line TL4 and a transmission line TL5, the transmission line TL3, the transmission line TL4 and the transmission line TL5 have the same common end, the non-common ends of the transmission line TL3 and the transmission line TL4 are respectively connected with a thin film resistor R3 and a thin film resistor R4 in series, and the non-common end of the transmission line TL5 is open; the third part is the transmission line TL2 itself.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a tunable amplitude equalizer based on a novel topological structure, and belongs to the technical field of electronics.
Background
In the design of a satellite-borne microwave radio frequency single machine or assembly, particularly in a microwave assembly with higher total gain and wider bandwidth, devices such as a multi-stage amplifier, a mixer and a filter need to be integrated, gain flatness of the whole link in the working bandwidth is often caused after multi-stage accumulation, the general trend is that the high-end gain of frequency is low and the low-end gain is high, and the problem can be effectively solved by adding a proper amplitude equalizer in the link. However, when the mass microwave modules are applied to different systems, the amplitude-frequency responses of different frequency bands and different slopes are often equalized, and in the conventional design, the problem is solved by replacing different equalizers, which often causes the problem of process replacement and reduces the reliability of the satellite-borne product, so that the problem finally needs to be solved by using an adjustable amplitude equalizer.
The lumped parameter type in the traditional equalizer is influenced by the parasitic parameters of components and parts and can only be generally used in a low frequency band;
although the traditional planar microstrip structure amplitude equalizer based on the forms of parallel branch lines or coupling branches and the like is widely applied, the bandwidth is narrow, tuning factors are limited due to the influence of a topological structure, input and output standing waves can be influenced while the equalization amount is adjusted, so that the amplitude-frequency characteristic is changed due to the deterioration of the standing waves, and the equalization target cannot be reached;
the equalizer based on the parallel electric tuning device resonator needs to introduce control voltage, and in addition, because the capacitive load of the electric tuning device in different tuning states has large change, the matching of all the states is difficult to be done through a fixed circuit, so the standing wave in the monotone equalization range is difficult to be done.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the defects of the prior art are overcome, the tunable amplitude equalizer based on the novel topological structure is provided, lumped inductive capacitors are not used, the problem that parasitic parameters are large when a lumped parameter type equalizer is used for high frequency is solved, compared with a traditional equalizer in a branch line form, the tunable amplitude equalizer has more adjustable parameters, and the adjustment of working frequency bands, balance amount and in-band standing waves can be realized.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a tunable amplitude equalizer based on a novel topological structure comprises an input-output transmission line, thin film resistors R1-R4 and transmission lines TL1-TL 5; the whole topology is formed by connecting three parts in parallel: the first part is a series transmission line part after two ends of the transmission line TL1 are respectively connected with the thin film resistor R1 and the thin film resistor R2 in series; the second part is a T-shaped network consisting of a transmission line TL3, a transmission line TL4 and a transmission line TL5, the transmission line TL3, the transmission line TL4 and the transmission line TL5 have the same common end, the non-common ends of the transmission line TL3 and the transmission line TL4 are respectively connected with a thin film resistor R3 and a thin film resistor R4 in series correspondingly, and the non-common end of the transmission line TL5 is open; the third part is the transmission line TL2 itself.
The transmission line and the T-shaped network are formed by bonding small islands of adjustable number of thin film resistors through gold wires.
Transmission line TL2 is a 50 ohm characteristic impedance line.
The transmission line TL5 is an open stub.
R1 ═ R2 and R3 ═ R4.
Z2 is Z0, where Z0 represents the characteristic impedance of the input/output port, and Z2 represents the characteristic impedance of the transmission line TL 2.
The above-mentioned
Z1 is the characteristic impedance of transmission line TL1, Z3, Z4, and Z5 are the characteristic impedances of transmission line TL3, transmission line TL4, and transmission line TL5, respectively, and Z0 is the characteristic impedance of the input/output port.
The electric lengths of the transmission lines TL1, TL2, TL3, TL4 and TL5 at the operating frequencies are respectively E1, E2, E3, E4, E5, E1, E2, E3, E4 and E5.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) compared with the traditional amplitude equalizer in the form of a parallel branch line or a coupling branch, more tunable parameters can be simultaneously utilized, and the amplitude-frequency response equalization quantity, the working frequency and the input-output standing wave can be adjusted in the working frequency band. Compared with an equalizer based on an electrically tunable resonator, an active circuit is not required to be introduced during tuning, the reliability and stability are extremely high, input and output standing waves are not deteriorated, and the standing wave characteristic in a broadband range is better than the rest forms. The design greatly optimizes the debugging difficulty of the broadband microwave component.
2) The adjustment of working frequency range and balance can be realized by adopting gold wires to press and connect the film resistor islands with different lengths and different quantities; therefore, the adjustable amplitude-frequency response equalization amount and the adjustable working frequency can be realized in a wider working frequency range.
3) The transmission line of the series film resistor in the topological structure and the T-shaped network of the loading resistor are formed by the film resistor islands with adjustable quantity through gold wire bonding, a tuning method of the gold wire bonding is adopted, devices do not need to be replaced, an active circuit does not need to be introduced, the reliability is extremely high, the standing wave characteristic in a broadband range is better than that of other forms, and the debugging difficulty of an active microwave component can be greatly optimized by adopting the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 illustrates the topology of the novel equalizer described in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a practical implementation of the micro-equalizer;
FIG. 3(a) is a schematic diagram of gold wire connection for 11.34-14.24GHz 4dB equalizer, FIG. 3(b) is its insertion loss, and FIG. 3(c) is its standing wave;
FIG. 4(a) is a schematic diagram of gold wire connection for 11.34-14.24GHz 6dB equalizer, FIG. 4(b) is its insertion loss, and FIG. 4(c) is its standing wave;
FIG. 5(a) is a schematic diagram of gold wire connection for 11.34-14.24GHz 8dB equalizer, FIG. 5(b) is its insertion loss, and FIG. 5(c) is its standing wave;
FIG. 6(a) is a schematic diagram of gold wire connection for 11.34-14.24GHz 10dB equalizer, FIG. 6(b) is its insertion loss, and FIG. 6(c) is its standing wave;
FIG. 7 shows the connection relationship of gold wires of 8.3-10.6GHz equalizer;
FIG. 8(a) shows the insertion loss of an 8.3-10.6GHz 4dB equalizer, and FIG. 8(b) shows its standing wave;
FIG. 9(a) shows the insertion loss of an 8.3-10.6GHz 6dB equalizer, and FIG. 9(b) shows its standing wave;
FIG. 10(a) shows the insertion loss of an 8.3-10.6GHz 10dB equalizer, and FIG. 10(b) shows its standing wave.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a tunable amplitude equalizer based on a novel topological structure, which adopts the novel topological structure, wherein the topology is formed by connecting a 50-ohm microstrip line, a transmission line connected with a thin film resistor in series and a T-shaped network loaded with a resistor in parallel, and the transmission line connected with the thin film resistor in series and the T-shaped network loaded with the resistor are formed by bonding small islands of thin film resistors with adjustable quantity through gold wires. The microstrip equalizer can realize adjustable amplitude-frequency response equalization amount, adjustable working frequency and adjustable input-output standing wave in a wider working frequency range. The tuning method is gold wire bonding, does not need to replace devices, does not need to introduce an active circuit, has extremely high reliability, has better standing wave characteristics in a broadband range compared with other forms, gives design theory and method later, performs three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation verification, and is successfully applied to a plurality of products. The design greatly optimizes the debugging difficulty of the broadband microwave component.
The topological structure comprises input and output transmission lines, resistors R1-R4 and TL1-TL5 transmission lines; the whole topology is shown in fig. 1 and is formed by connecting three parts in parallel: the first part is a series transmission line part formed by connecting two ends of TL1 in series with resistors R1 and R2 respectively; the second part is a T-type network consisting of TL3, TL4 and TL5, the three have the same common end, the non-common ends of TL3 and TL4 are respectively connected in series with a thin film resistor R3 and a thin film resistor R4, and the non-common end of TL5 is open; the third part is the transmission line TL2 itself.
The transmission line of the series thin-film resistor and the T-shaped network of the loading resistor are formed by bonding small islands of the thin-film resistor with adjustable quantity through interconnected gold wires, the resistance value of the series resistor can be adjusted by serially connecting small islands of different quantities of resistors, and the electric length of the transmission line can be adjusted by bridging different quantities of pressure welding bonding pads through the gold wires; the 50 ohm microstrip line is a microstrip transmission line with the traditional standard characteristic impedance, and the length of the microstrip transmission line can be realized by selecting the bridging position of the interconnected gold wire; finally, the three are connected in parallel through the interconnected gold wires, and the structure of the three is shown in figure 2.
Theoretical derivation is carried out on the topology, TL1 is a transmission line connected with thin film resistors in series, the characteristic impedance is Z1, the electrical length is E1, two thin film resistors R1 and R2 are connected in series at two ends, and the resistance value of the thin film resistors can adjust the balance amount of an equalizer; TL2 is a 50 ohm characteristic impedance microstrip line, the characteristic impedance is Z0, and the electrical length is E2; TL3, TL4 and TL5 are three microstrip lines forming a T-shaped network, the characteristic impedances of the microstrip lines are set to be Z3, Z4 and Z5, the electrical lengths of the microstrip lines are set to be E3, E4 and E5, the tail end of TL5 is an open line, the terminals of TL3 and TL4 are respectively connected with thin-film resistors R3 and R4 in series, and finally the thin-film resistors are connected with TL1 and TL2 in parallel. The balance of the equalizer can be adjusted by adjusting the resistance values of the resistors R1 and R2 and R3 and R4, and the working frequency can be adjusted by adjusting the electrical lengths E1, E2, E3, E4 and E5 from TL1 to TL 5.
Considering the equalizer as a two-port network is satisfied
S11＝S22＝0 (1)
The relationship of the ABCD transmission matrix to S11 and S22 is as follows,
furthermore, for the residue from Z'1、Z’2、Z’3The ABCD transmission matrix of the constructed T-type network is as follows:
z 'for the native topology'1＝Z3、Z’2＝Z4、Z’3＝Z4；
Therefore, the ABCD transmission matrix is used for solving, and the synthesis (1), (2) and (3) can finally obtain:
therefore, TL1-TL5 are quarter-wave lines, and the working frequency of the equalizer can be adjusted by adjusting the physical length of the lines; furthermore, by adjusting the sizes of R1 to R4, the equalization amount of the equalizer, i.e., the slope of the insertion loss thereof, can be adjusted.
The following description takes two equalizers designed based on the present invention as an example, the two equalizers use the same substrate, change the used frequency band by pressing different gold wires, and realize the adjustment of the equalization amount by bonding different islands with gold wires:
11.34-14.24GHz equalizer:
the working frequency of the equalizer is 11.34-14.24GHz, and the equalizer is designed by adopting the following parameters according to the method, wherein W is the width of the main microstrip line, L is the physical length of the corresponding microstrip line, h is the thickness of the dielectric substrate, Er is the dielectric constant, and Rs is the sheet resistance.
TABLE 111.34-14.24 GHz equalizer design parameters
The interconnection relationship of gold wires can be seen from fig. 3(a) -6(a), the ordinate of fig. 3(b) -6 (b) is the insertion loss value, the abscissa is the frequency, the ordinate of fig. 3(c) -6 (c) is the standing wave, and the abscissa is the frequency, and the insertion loss and the standing wave of the realized equalizer can be seen, the balance of the insertion loss and the standing wave are respectively 4dB, 6dB, 8dB and 10dB, and the standing wave is respectively less than 1.27, 1.37, 1.59 and 1.41.
8.3-10.6GHz equalizer:
the working frequency of the equalizer is 8.3-10.6GHz, the same substrate is used as the equalizer, and the equalizer is designed according to the method by adopting the following parameters, wherein h is the thickness of the dielectric substrate, Er is the dielectric constant, and Rs is the sheet resistance.
TABLE 28.3-10.6 GHz equalizer design parameters
The wire interconnection method is similar to the first equalizer except that the position and manner of the crimp interconnection is changed as shown in fig. 7. It can be seen from the graphs that the 8.3-10.6GHz equalizer measures 4dB, 6dB and 10dB uniformly, and the standing waves are less than 1.4, as shown in fig. 8(a) -10(a) with the ordinate of the insertion loss value, the abscissa of the frequency, and the graphs 10(b) -10(b) with the ordinate of the standing wave and the abscissa of the frequency.
Claims (1)
1. A tunable amplitude equalizer based on a novel topological structure is characterized in that: the device comprises an input/output transmission line, thin film resistors R1-R4 and transmission lines TL1-TL 5; the whole topology is formed by connecting three parts in parallel: the first part is a series transmission line part after two ends of the transmission line TL1 are respectively connected with the thin film resistor R1 and the thin film resistor R2 in series; the second part is a T-shaped network consisting of a transmission line TL3, a transmission line TL4 and a transmission line TL5, the transmission line TL3, the transmission line TL4 and the transmission line TL5 have the same common end, the non-common ends of the transmission line TL3 and the transmission line TL4 are respectively connected with a thin film resistor R3 and a thin film resistor R4 in series, and the non-common end of the transmission line TL5 is open; the third part is the transmission line TL2 itself; the transmission lines TL1-TL5 and the T-shaped network are formed by bonding small islands of adjustable thin film resistors through gold wires; transmission line TL2 is a 50 ohm characteristic impedance line; transmission line TL5 is an open stub; the film resistor R1-film resistor R2, and R3-film resistor R4; z2 ═ Z0, where Z0 represents the characteristic impedance of the input-output port and Z2 represents the characteristic impedance of the transmission line TL 2;
z1 is the characteristic impedance of the transmission line TL1, Z3, Z4 and Z5 are the characteristic impedances of the transmission line TL3, the transmission line TL4 and the transmission line TL5, respectively, and Z0 is the characteristic impedance of the input/output port; e1 ═ E2 ═ E3 ═ E4 ═ E5 ═ 90 °, E1, E2, E3, E4, E5 are the corresponding electrical lengths at the operating frequencies of transmission line TL1, transmission line TL2, transmission line TL3, transmission line TL4, transmission line TL5, respectively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810588739.7A CN108899624B (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2018-06-08 | Tunable amplitude equalizer based on novel topological structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810588739.7A CN108899624B (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2018-06-08 | Tunable amplitude equalizer based on novel topological structure |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108899624A CN108899624A (en) | 2018-11-27 |
| CN108899624B true CN108899624B (en) | 2021-02-09 |
Family
ID=64344397
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810588739.7A Active CN108899624B (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2018-06-08 | Tunable amplitude equalizer based on novel topological structure |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108899624B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110311645B (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2023-03-31 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | Novel topological structure's electricity modulation amplitude equalizer |
| CN111697994B (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2021-07-09 | 天津中科海高微波技术有限公司 | Novel adjustable amplitude equalizer |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103618123A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2014-03-05 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | Quantitative tuning method of microstrip filter |
| CN105721362A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2016-06-29 | 航天恒星科技有限公司 | Amplitude equalizer |
| CN207460110U (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-06-05 | 上海大际电子科技有限公司 | 100MHz to 4000MHz ultra-wideband micro Microwave Equalizers |
-
2018
- 2018-06-08 CN CN201810588739.7A patent/CN108899624B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103618123A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2014-03-05 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | Quantitative tuning method of microstrip filter |
| CN105721362A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2016-06-29 | 航天恒星科技有限公司 | Amplitude equalizer |
| CN207460110U (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-06-05 | 上海大际电子科技有限公司 | 100MHz to 4000MHz ultra-wideband micro Microwave Equalizers |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| "宽带系统模拟均衡器的分析和设计";黄辉;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库（电子期刊）》;20170215;第34-36、44页 * |
| 黄辉."宽带系统模拟均衡器的分析和设计".《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库（电子期刊）》.2017,第I135-811页. * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108899624A (en) | 2018-11-27 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US6825738B2 (en) | Reduced size microwave directional coupler | |
| KR100883529B1 (en) | Power divider and power combiner using dual band - composite right / left handed transmission line | |
| CN108777567B (en) | Double-frequency negative group time delay microwave circuit with arbitrary frequency ratio | |
| CN106129571B (en) | Double-frequency branch line coupler | |
| KR20100004440A (en) | Power divider and combiner using lumped elements | |
| CN110474142B (en) | Dual-frequency Wilkinson power divider terminating frequency-conversion complex impedance | |
| CN108899624B (en) | Tunable amplitude equalizer based on novel topological structure | |
| CN107872919A (en) | Impedance matching circuit plate, antenna and terminal | |
| JP2006191355A (en) | Equalizer | |
| CN109244616B (en) | Double-frequency unequal-division filtering power divider based on coupling microstrip line | |
| US3965445A (en) | Microstrip or stripline coupled-transmission-line impedance transformer | |
| CN110247145B (en) | Bandwidth-adjustable broadband filtering balun with in-band good matching and isolation | |
| US4187471A (en) | Bias circuit | |
| CN111244585B (en) | Differential phase shifter with filtering function | |
| CN112751151B (en) | High-performance miniaturized directional coupler chip | |
| CN115173012A (en) | Open stub odd power divider circuit applied to wifi | |
| CN114204241A (en) | Microstrip-open slot line coupled dual-band 90-degree directional coupler | |
| CN113659297A (en) | High-power microwave equalizer | |
| TWI487298B (en) | Radio frequency device | |
| US20050118978A1 (en) | Microwave filter distributed on circuit board of wireless communication product | |
| CN105576334A (en) | Method for improving matching effect of isolated end of PCB or thin-film circuit board | |
| CN209804906U (en) | Calibration network device and antenna | |
| CN115084806B (en) | Broadband filtering phase shifter | |
| JPH10190301A (en) | Frequency characteristic correction circuit | |
| CN114883763B (en) | Compact adjustable differential phase shifter based on capacitive loading coupling double lines |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |