CN108896652A - A kind of steel plate butt weld quality determining method based on sensitive magnetic conductivity - Google Patents
A kind of steel plate butt weld quality determining method based on sensitive magnetic conductivity Download PDFInfo
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- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
- G01N27/83—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws by investigating stray magnetic fields
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Abstract
The invention proposes a kind of steel plate butt weld quality determining method based on sensitive magnetic conductivity.In the detection method, detection sensor magnetic yoke is that " mountain " type structure is reacted area to be checked with sensitivity and compared the difference and difference in the area region Liang Ge using difference output technology；Detection driving source adds the dual power supply incentive mode of AC power source using DC power supply, and DC power supply excitation coil and AC power source excitation coil are mutually indepedent, is not mutually load, not only simple and convenient but also reliable and stable；Detection signal is the binary function of continuous current excitation electric current, ac-excited frequency, i.e., sensitive magnetic conductivity is detection signal of the binary function in extremal region.The quality of detectable general steel plate butt weld；Probe detection moving direction is parallel with weld seam, and the welding quality of plate weld seam is determined according to the size of detection signal and fluctuation situation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of determination and evaluation more particularly to a kind of butt plates welding based on sensitive magnetic conductivity to stitch matter
The method of determination and evaluation of amount.
Background technique
It is well known that metal material is largely used as primary structure member to use, it is widely used in ship, electric power, aerospace, iron
The industries such as road, pressure vessel.Component in use, in stress, fatigue load, internal work medium or external operating environment
Under the action of, easily commissure defect area such as：Welding stress concentrated area, weld crack region weld hole region, are solid
Body adds the unqualified welded seam areas such as miscellaneous region, incomplete fusion region, lack of penetration region, shape defect and its heat-affected zone to generate
Phenomena such as stress corrosion cracking or fatigue fracture, causes great serious accident.Therefore when being carried out non-destructive testing to welded seam area,
Can quickly, easily and accurately to the quality of weld seam, fracture defect for prevention member and major disaster is prevented to have
Significance.
Traditional detection method for quality of welding line has Magnetic testing, ultrasound detection, ray detection, electromagnetic eddy detection etc., but
All there is respective limitation in detection technique and effect, all up for further investigation and it is perfect.Ultrasonic method detects weld surface
More effectively, couplant is needed when detection, efficiency is lower.Safety prevention measure must be taken when ray detection, to prevent to inspection
The injury of survey personnel's body.EDDY CURRENT is established on electromagnetic induction basis, and its essence is the variations of detection coil resistance.When
It will appear electromagnetic eddy when detection coil is close to face of weld, which generates a magnetic opposite with magnetic field simultaneously
, cause the resistance of detection coil and inductive component to change, if weld seam existing defects, the magnetic field strength of vortex will be generated
And distribution, so that coil impedance is changed, can detect weld defect by detecting this variation.Electromagnetic eddy detects skill
Art is higher to surface and near surface crack detection sensitivity, since the welding that skin effect is difficult to detect compared with thick steel plate weld seam lacks
It falls into.
Butt plates welding seam quality determining method based on sensitive magnetic conductivity is a kind of new detection method, to accurate detection
Weld seam welding quality guarantees safe production, improves production efficiency and be of great significance.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of determination and evaluation of butt plates welding seam quality.It proposes using detection spirit
The quality that the method for quick magnetic conductivity variation stitches butt plates welding is detected and is evaluated, and finds answering for ferromagnetic items weld seam in advance
Power concentration status, welding quality and residual life.Detection method proposed by the present invention not only can detecte butt plates welding seam
Quality can also detect the stress concentration degree and fatigue damage situation, the martensitic-austenitic phase for detecting ferromagnetic material of test specimen
Become, the variation of detection dislocation defect, detect mechanical toughness and the brittle transformation of mechanics, the variation of detection crystal particle crystal boundary etc..
The invention is realized in this way a kind of based on the steel plate butt weld quality detection device of sensitive magnetic conductivity and side
Method, which is characterized in that the quality of ferromagnetic flat test piece butt weld is detected using the magnetic conductivity parameter at butt weld, specifically
For by detection magnetic conductivity changing features, come the welding quality of determination means weld seam, the steel plate based on sensitive magnetic conductivity is docked
Welding quality inspection device includes detection sensor, and detection sensor includes detection sensor magnetic yoke, reference signal coil, excitation
Signal coil, measuring signal coil and power supply, the detection sensor magnetic yoke be fall " mountain " type structure, in " mountain " type structure according to
Secondary is reference signal coil, pumping signal coil and measuring signal coil.The reference signal coil and the measurement signal line
Differential series are enclosed, the pumping signal coil accesses driving source.When detection, component to be measured is placed in below detection sensor, docking
Weld seam is placed between pumping signal coil and measuring signal coil, will test probe placement on the plate weldment with weld seam, is swashed
It encourages AC signal amplitude and takes definite value, detection signal u is related with excitation DC component I and the excitation frequency F of AC signal, and function closes
System is represented by u=f (I, F), and detection operating point is the extremal region in binary function u=f (I, F), has in detection operating point
There is very high detection sensitivity, probe detection moving direction is parallel with weld seam；
It is close to zero when detection signal exports, and is varied less during traverse measurement, is less than critical value, determines weld seam
Region is uniformly and identical with base material area, and welding is qualified；
It is not zero, but is varied less during traverse measurement, and variable quantity is less than critical value, root when detection signal exports
It can determine that welding acceptance or rejection according to wlding and specific welding situation；
During traverse measurement, measuring signal changes very greatly, and variable quantity exceeds critical value, that is, can determine that welding not
It is qualified.
Its testing principle is characterized in：In butt plates welding seam, weld crack, hole, solid add miscellaneous, incomplete fusion, it is lack of penetration,
Shape defect etc. will cause the variation of magnetic conductivity, by detection magnetic conductivity changing features come the welding quality of determination means weld seam.
Stress collection neutralizes the variation that fatigue damage causes ferromagnetic items microstructure, and lattice lattice displacement and defect dislocation lead to differential magnetic
Conductance changes, and the variation by measuring sensitive magnetic conductivity infers that the stress collection of inverting ferromagnetic component neutralizes fatigue damage journey
Degree.
Detection sensor include detection sensor magnetic yoke, reference signal coil, pumping signal coil, measuring signal coil and
Power supply, detection sensor magnetic yoke are " mountain " type structure, and using difference output technology, the component with weld seam divides welded seam area and ginseng
Examination district domain, if welded seam area is identical with reference zone, detection output signal is zero；As welded seam area and reference zone have difference
Not, magnetic conductivity is just different, and detection output signal is not zero.
The pumping signal coil accesses driving source, and the driving source is the excitation of DC power supply+AC power source dual power supply
Mode, DC power supply excitation coil and AC power source excitation coil are mutually indepedent, not only simple and convenient but also reliable and stable.Dual power supply connects
Enter in pumping signal coil, the magnetic field that pumping signal coil generates is overlapped mutually in magnetic circuit.
The scoped features of master plate weld seam to be checked are：1. ferromagnetic steel plate weld seam；2. non-ferromagnetic austenitic stainless steel weld joint.
Detect the feature of operating point：Probe placement be will test on the plate weldment with weld seam, as shown in Figure 1.Excitation is handed over
Stream signal amplitude takes definite value (such as 1V), and detection signal u is related with excitation DC component I and the excitation frequency F of AC signal, function
Relationship is represented by u=f (I, F).Detecting operating point is the extremal region in binary function u=f (I, F).In detection operating point
With very high detection sensitivity.
The evaluating characteristic of weldquality：Probe detection moving direction is parallel with weld seam.Signal output is such as detected to be close to zero,
And varied less during traverse measurement, it is less than critical value, determines that welded seam area is uniformly and identical with base material area, welding
It is qualified；It such as detects signal output to be not zero, but is varied less during traverse measurement, and variable quantity is less than critical value, according to
Wlding and specific welding situation can determine that welding acceptance or rejection；Such as during traverse measurement, measuring signal changes very greatly,
And variable quantity exceeds critical value, that is, can determine that welding is unqualified.
Detection mechanism is：According to the series data of measurement low field mangneto loop line, the corresponding differential of low field mangneto loop line is obtained
Magnetic conductivity array detects the variation of relevant microstructure amount using matrix element most sensitive in differential permeability array.Iron
Magnetic material technology magnetic history is related with the variation of microstructure parameter；The technical magnetization process of low field reflects microstructure parameter
Variation have higher detection sensitivity；The magnetized differential permeability of low field is the function of magnetic field strength, while being also maximum
The function of magnetic field strength；Specific weldquality is detected, it will be according to corresponding with specific magnetic field strength and maximum magnetic field strength
Characteristic differentiation magnetic susceptibility determines.
The present invention determines the welding quality of ferromagnetic plate weld seam according to the size of detection signal and fluctuation situation, makes to weld
Mass shift is specific targets to accurate detection weld seam welding quality, guarantees safe production, improves production efficiency and have important meaning
Justice.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 sensor structure and detection method schematic diagram.
1. detection sensor magnetic yokes, 2. reference signal coils, 3. pumping signal coils, 4. measuring signal coils, 5. in figure
Output detection signal, 6. components to be measured, 61. welded seam areas, 62. reference zones.
Specific embodiment
Attached drawing is please referred to, which is a kind of new butt plates welding seam quality determining method, referred to herein as sensitive magnetic conductance
Rate detection method.The invention detection method to be characterized by most sensitive differential permeability corresponding micro- to detect ferromagnetic items
See structure feature variation；Welding stress concentration, weld crack, welding hole, solid add miscellaneous, incomplete fusion, lack of penetration, shape defect
It will lead to magnetic conductivity etc. unqualified weld seam to change, the matter of inverting ferromagnetic component weld seam inferred by the variation of measurement magnetic conductivity
Amount state.The principle assumption diagram of weldquality measurement as shown in Figure 1, E+E in figure~be excitation power supply.
Embodiment 1
1) it will test probe to be placed in the uniform reference block of magnetic conductivity, detection signal output should be zero；Such as being not zero can
It is calibrated to zero or is recorded as initial value；
2) it will test probe to be placed in the reference block identical with component material to be checked with ARTIFICIAL CRACK, connection excitation
Source.DC component is increased with unique step, is set as I1、I2、I3、…、In；The amplitude of AC compounent is steady state value, and a-c cycle is same
Increased with unique step, is set as f1、f2、f3、…、fm.Detection signal u can record to detect signal matrix：
In tracer signal matrix, if certain matrix element ui,jMaximum is the extreme value in matrix element, then ui,jIt is spirit
Quick magnetic conductivity parameter, can be according to ui,jWeldquality is detected.
3) detection sensor when detecting, is placed as shown in Figure 1 on butt weld component to be checked, the movement of detection probe
It is oriented parallel to bead direction.It such as detects signal output to be close to zero, and is varied less during traverse measurement, is less than critical
Value then can determine that welded seam area is uniformly and identical with base material area, and welding is qualified；Signal output is such as detected to be not zero, but
It is varied less during traverse measurement, and variable quantity is less than critical value, can determine that welding is closed according to wlding and specific welding situation
Acceptance or rejection；Such as during traverse measurement, measuring signal changes very greatly, and variable quantity exceeds critical value, that is, can determine that weldering
It connects unqualified.
Excitation AC signal amplitude takes definite value (such as 1V), detects signal u and motivates DC component I and motivate AC signal
Frequency f is related, and detection operating point is the extremal region in binary function, has very high detection sensitivity.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of steel plate butt weld quality detection device and method based on sensitive magnetic conductivity, which is characterized in that utilize docking
The magnetic conductivity parameter of commissure detects the quality of ferromagnetic flat test piece butt weld, becomes specifically by detection magnetic conductivity feature
Change the welding quality for carrying out determination means weld seam, the steel plate butt weld quality detection device based on sensitive magnetic conductivity includes inspection
Sensor is surveyed, detection sensor includes detection sensor magnetic yoke, reference signal coil, pumping signal coil, measuring signal coil
And power supply, the detection sensor magnetic yoke are " mountain " type structure, and reference signal coil, excitation are followed successively by " mountain " type structure
Signal coil and measuring signal coil, the reference signal coil and the measuring signal coil differential series, the excitation letter
Number coil accesses driving source.When detection, component to be measured is placed in below detection sensor, butt weld be placed in pumping signal coil and
Between measuring signal coil, probe placement will test on the plate weldment with weld seam.Excitation AC signal amplitude takes definite value, examines
It is related with excitation DC component I and the excitation frequency F of AC signal to survey signal u, functional relation is represented by u=f (I, F), inspection
Surveying operating point is the extremal region in binary function u=f (I, F), will have very high detection sensitivity in detection operating point, and visit
Head detection moving direction is parallel with weld seam；
It is close to zero when detection signal exports, and is varied less during traverse measurement, is less than critical value, determines welded seam area
Uniformly and identical with base material area, welding is qualified；
It is not zero, but is varied less during traverse measurement, and variable quantity is less than critical value when detection signal exports, according to weldering
Material and specific welding situation can determine that welding acceptance or rejection；
During traverse measurement, measuring signal changes very greatly, and variable quantity exceeds critical value, that is, can determine that welding does not conform to
Lattice.
2. a kind of detection side of steel plate butt weld quality detection device based on sensitive magnetic conductivity according to claim 1
Method, which is characterized in that use difference output technology, the component with weld seam is divided into reference zone and welded seam area, works as weld metal zone
Domain is identical with reference zone, and detection output signal is zero；When welded seam area and reference zone have a difference, magnetic conductivity is just not
Together, detection output signal is not zero.
3. a kind of detection side of steel plate butt weld quality detection device based on sensitive magnetic conductivity according to claim 1
Method, which is characterized in that the driving source is DC power supply+AC power source dual power supply, DC power supply excitation coil and alternating current
Source forcing coil is mutually indepedent, and the magnetic field that two kinds of pumping signals generate in coil is overlapped mutually in magnetic circuit.
4. a kind of detection side of steel plate butt weld quality detection device based on sensitive magnetic conductivity according to claim 1
Method, which is characterized in that the detection of the steel plate butt weld quality detection device detection plate weld seam based on sensitive magnetic conductivity
Object is ferromagnetic steel plate weld seam.
5. a kind of detection side of steel plate butt weld quality detection device based on sensitive magnetic conductivity according to claim 1
Method, which is characterized in that the inspection based on the steel plate butt weld quality detection device of sensitive magnetic conductivity to plate weld seam steel plate
Thickness Measurement by Microwave is within 100mm.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113109424A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-07-13 | 广州市果欧电子科技有限公司 | Steel structure weld joint detection method and detection system |
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Application publication date: 20181127 |