CN108896175A - A kind of high-resolution for vegetation week fluorescent passive detection, high-NA imaging spectrometer - Google Patents
A kind of high-resolution for vegetation week fluorescent passive detection, high-NA imaging spectrometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN108896175A CN108896175A CN201811012191.8A CN201811012191A CN108896175A CN 108896175 A CN108896175 A CN 108896175A CN 201811012191 A CN201811012191 A CN 201811012191A CN 108896175 A CN108896175 A CN 108896175A
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title description 14
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 102100025490 Slit homolog 1 protein Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 101710123186 Slit homolog 1 protein Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000700608 Sagitta Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006353 environmental stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001917 fluorescence detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002189 fluorescence spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035479 physiological effects, processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/12—Generating the spectrum; Monochromators
- G01J3/18—Generating the spectrum; Monochromators using diffraction elements, e.g. grating
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/12—Generating the spectrum; Monochromators
- G01J3/14—Generating the spectrum; Monochromators using refracting elements, e.g. prisms
- G01J3/16—Generating the spectrum; Monochromators using refracting elements, e.g. prisms with autocollimation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/12—Generating the spectrum; Monochromators
- G01J3/18—Generating the spectrum; Monochromators using diffraction elements, e.g. grating
- G01J2003/1842—Types of grating
- G01J2003/1861—Transmission gratings
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
- Spectrometry And Color Measurement (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high-resolution detected for vegetation week fluorescent, the imaging spectrometer of high-NA, which sets gradually slit, the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the 4th lens, the 5th lens, the 6th lens, plane transmission grating, the 8th lens, the 9th lens, the tenth lens, the 11st lens, the 12nd lens, the 13rd lens and image planes.Wherein the first to the 6th lens form collimating mirror group；8th to the 13rd lens form focus lamp group.Aperture diaphragm is located in plane transmission grating；Slit emergent light is incident upon in plane transmission grating by collimation microscope group, and collimated light is carried out dispersion by plane transmission grating, and line focus microscope group forms continuous dispersion spectrum imaging and projects in image planes.Optical system numerical aperture of the present invention is high, and spectral resolution is high, and the simple easy processing manufacture of constituent element is easily assembled, and image quality is superior, and for full filed all band root mean square point range figure radius value less than 6.5 μm, image deformation is lower than 0.5%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ultraspectral technical field of imaging, and in particular to a kind of for vegetation week fluorescent passive detection
High-resolution, high-NA imaging spectrometer.
Background technique
High-resolution, high-NA imaging spectrometer vegetation sunlight-induced week fluorescent passive detection research field
It plays an important role.The week fluorescent that vegetation is emitted by solar radiation is although faint, but can accurately reflect plant
Photosynthetic capacity more can reflect plant to the injury journey for restraining oneself ability and the generation of Stress on Plant organ of environment-stress
Degree, this characteristic make fluorescence completely and can be used as the early stage " probe " that plant health situation and photosynthesis function are damaged, lead to
The passive detection to this week fluorescent is crossed, can carry out early prediction when crop is injured by stress factors, quantitative, quick,
The physiology and growing state for nondestructively monitoring plant, are of great significance to recent vegetation ecological Studies and precision agriculture application.
Passive detection is carried out to vegetation week fluorescent using hyperspectral imager, the extraction of this fluorescence information may be implemented, thus more
Good completion correlative study.But the hyperspectral imager of existing common performance still has on the passive fluorescence detection of vegetation
Following problem：
1, the detection mechanism of vegetation week fluorescent is detected different from general EO-1 hyperion, need to utilize the fraunhofer line of the sun
It is detected, general spectral resolution is easy to produce false identification and obscures, and instrumental optics system is needed to realize 0.3nm or more
Spectral resolution；
2, fluorescence spectrum radiation intensity is extremely faint, only accounts for the 1%-3% that vegetation blade absorbs gross energy, therefore to instrument
Energy transmission and signal-to-noise ratio require high, need the numerical aperture of system to reach 0.25 or more；
3, under the premise of ultraspectral resolution ratio and high-NA, good optical imagery ability is realized difficult.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems in the existing technology, the present invention provides one kind to have high-NA and good optical
The ultraspectral resolution imaging spectrometer optical system of imaging capability number, the system are telecentric system, and image quality is superior, and
Have 0.265 numerical aperture and the spectral resolution of 0.2nm in the fluorescent characteristics observation wave band of 670nm-780nm.
The technical proposal for solving the technical problem of the invention is as follows：
The imaging spectrometer of the high-resolution, high-NA that detect for vegetation week fluorescent, the imager are successively set
Set slit 1, the first lens 2, the second lens 3, the third lens 4, the 4th lens 5, the 5th lens 6, the 6th lens 7, plane transmission
Grating 8, the 8th lens 9, the 9th lens 10, the tenth lens 11, the 11st lens 12, the 12nd lens 13, the 13rd lens 14
With image planes 15.Wherein the first lens 2, the second lens 3, the third lens 4, the 4th lens 5, the 5th lens 6 and the 6th lens 7 composition
Collimate microscope group；8th lens 9, the 9th lens 10, the tenth lens 11, the 11st lens 12, the 12nd lens the 13 and the 13rd are thoroughly
The composition of mirror 14 focuses microscope group.Aperture diaphragm is located in plane transmission grating 8；It collimates microscope group and 1 emergent light of slit is incident upon plane
On transmission grating 8, collimated light is carried out dispersion by plane transmission grating 8, and line focus microscope group forms continuous dispersion spectrum imaging and throws
It is mapped in image planes.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Optical system numerical aperture of the present invention is high, and spectral resolution is high, and constituent element is simple
Easy processing manufacture, is easily assembled, and image quality is superior, and full filed all band root mean square point range figure radius value is less than 6.5 μm, imaging
Distortion is lower than 0.5%.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of high-resolution for vegetation week fluorescent passive detection of the present invention, high-NA imaging spectral
The structure chart of instrument；
Fig. 2 is a kind of high-resolution for vegetation week fluorescent passive detection of the present invention, high-NA imaging spectral
Instrument full filed all band root mean square radii point range figure；
Fig. 3 is a kind of high-resolution for vegetation week fluorescent passive detection of the present invention, high-NA imaging spectral
Instrument image planes image patch marking figure；
Fig. 4 is a kind of high-resolution for vegetation week fluorescent passive detection of the present invention, high-NA imaging spectral
The instrument curvature of field and distortion figure.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further details with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
It is imaged as shown in Figure 1, the present invention is a kind of for the high-resolution of vegetation week fluorescent passive detection, high-NA
Spectrometer.Including：Slit 1, the first lens 2, the second lens 3, the third lens 4, the 4th lens 5, the 5th lens 6, the 6th lens
7, plane transmission grating 8, the 8th lens 9, the 9th lens 10, the tenth lens 11, the 11st lens 12, the 12nd lens 13,
13 lens 14 and image planes 15.Wherein the first lens 2, the second lens 3, the third lens 4, the 4th lens 5, the 5th lens 6 and
Six lens 7 composition collimation microscope group；8th lens 9, the 9th lens 10, the tenth lens 11, the 11st lens 12, the 12nd lens 13
It is formed with the 13rd lens 14 and focuses microscope group.Aperture diaphragm is located in plane transmission grating 8；Microscope group is collimated by 1 emergent light of slit
It is incident upon in plane transmission grating 8, collimated light is carried out dispersion by plane transmission grating 8, and line focus microscope group forms continuous dispersion
Light spectrum image-forming projects in image planes.
For the passive detection requirement for meeting vegetation fluorescence, imaging spectrometer service band of the invention is 670nm-780nm,
This wave band be vegetation chlorophyll photosynthesis fluorescent characteristics spectrum concentrated area, and with sun fraunhofer line perfect register, it is complete
The mechanism of full up foot fluorescence passive detection.The analysis that the present invention passes through research and the distribution of system focal power to imaging aberration theory
The design of each constituent element in complete paired systems.On systematic lectotype, reflective system is difficult to reach required high numerical value
Aperture requires, and non-spherical reflector, not easy to be processed, higher cost, therefore system structure need to be used when realizing high optical property
Type has selected transmissive system.Available CCD pixel number is 1024 × 2048, and pixel size is 13 microns, transmission grating groove
Density is 1200l/mm, is required to meet the spectral resolution of 0.3nm or more, while approximate satisfaction 1:1 enlargement ratio, needs
The collimation microscope group and focusing microscope group focal length of imaging spectrum system are in 260mm or so；System value aperture is ultimately set to 0.265,
It can match with the telescope of F number 1.8, and guarantee the efficiency of energy collection and signal-to-noise ratio of system.
In view of the optical system cost of imaging spectrometer, the physicochemical property and processing performance of material, while in order to realize
The distribution of the focal power of system, the material for needing positive lens Abbe number high, the low material of negative lens Abbe number are easy from engineering
Considered with property and the easy application of material, has finally chosen tri- kinds of materials of H-ZK9, H-ZF2 and H-K9L.
The basic system that invention uses is double-gauss lens system, and former double-gauss lens system is by supplementary lens group and postposition
Lens group composition, two groups of lens groups are respectively made of three pieces spherical lens, and supplementary lens group has negative power, and postposition is saturating
Microscope group has positive light coke.Invention mainly by double-gauss lens set carry out material change, radius of curvature variation etc. optimize into
And the focal power of system has been redistributed, the higher order aberratons amount and color difference of system are had modified, the optimization of image quality is realized.Fig. 1
Spectrometer optical system structure is ultimately imaged after giving optimization.Table 1 gives each optics of lens parameter after final optimization pass.
1 high-resolution of table, high-NA imaging spectrometer optical component parameter
Fig. 2 gives the full filed all band root mean square radii point range figure distribution situation of designing system.The point range figure is comprehensive
The design evaluatio result for reflecting system.It can be seen that full filed point range figure root mean square radii value is respectively less than under all band
6.5 microns, i.e. image patch size can be surrounded entirely by CCD pixel, thus designing system realized in full filed all band it is very good
Image quality.
Fig. 3 gives the distribution situation of image planes image patch marking figure, and according to this figure, we can analyze to obtain in dispersion direction
Image planes width shared by the operating spectrum band of the 110nm bandwidth of glazing spectrometer is 22.35mm, altogether about 1719 pixels, therefore every pixel light
Spectrum is sampled as 0.064nm.Optical system slit width is 39 microns, enlargement ratio 1.14, and slit image width shared by image planes is
44.4 microns, shared spectrum sample is 0.218nm.The spectrally resolved of designing system is calculated according to imaging spectrometer spectral resolution
Rate is 0.142nm.The spectral resolution of system is high.
Fig. 4 gives the curvature of field of designing system and the distribution situation of distortion figure, and central wavelength and two sides have been selected in figure
Edge wavelength is analyzed.Dotted line represents the meridian direction of the curvature of field, and solid line represents the sagitta of arc direction of the curvature of field.In the curvature of field is shown, produce
The wavelength of the raw maximum curvature of field is edge wavelength 780nm, and defocusing amount is about 0.13mm；And in distortion display, the maximum of system is abnormal
It is lower in 0.3%, these Confirmation Of Number systems have reached good distortion and the curvature of field designs control result.
Claims (2)
1. the imaging spectrometer of a kind of high-resolution detected for vegetation week fluorescent, high-NA, it is characterised in that：Packet
Include the slit (1) set gradually, the first lens (2), the second lens (3), the third lens (4), the 4th lens (5), the 5th lens
(6), the 6th lens (7), plane transmission grating (8), the 8th lens (9), the 9th lens (10), the tenth lens (11), the 11st
Lens (12), the 12nd lens (13), the 13rd lens (14) and image planes (15), wherein the first lens (2), the second lens (3),
The third lens (4), the 4th lens (5), the 5th lens (6) and the 6th lens (7) composition collimation microscope group；8th lens (9), the 9th
Lens (10), the tenth lens (11), the 11st lens (12), the 12nd lens (13) and the 13rd lens (14) form focus lamp
Group；Aperture diaphragm is located on plane transmission grating (8)；It collimates microscope group and slit (1) emergent light is incident upon plane transmission grating (8)
On, collimated light is carried out dispersion by plane transmission grating (8), and line focus microscope group forms continuous dispersion spectrum imaging and projects image planes
On.
2. the imaging of a kind of high-resolution detected for vegetation week fluorescent as described in claim 1, high-NA
Spectrometer, it is characterised in that：The service band of the imaging spectrometer is 670nm~780nm, and numerical aperture 0.265 collimates microscope group
With focus microscope group focal length 260mm, spectral resolution 0.142nm, pixel spectrum sample 0.064nm/ pixel, full filed point range figure is equal
Root radius value is respectively less than 6.5 microns under all band,
1 high-resolution of table, high-NA imaging spectrometer optical component parameter
Each component parameters of system such as table 1.
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| CN201811012191.8A CN108896175B (en) | 2018-08-31 | 2018-08-31 | High-resolution and high-numerical-aperture imaging spectrometer for vegetation weak fluorescence passive detection |
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| CN201811012191.8A CN108896175B (en) | 2018-08-31 | 2018-08-31 | High-resolution and high-numerical-aperture imaging spectrometer for vegetation weak fluorescence passive detection |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110285884A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-09-27 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Sunlight-induced chlorophyll fluorescence detects hyperspectral imager optical system |
| CN112945383A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-11 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Hyper-spectral imager optical system with high luminous flux and low spectral distortion |
| CN113433678A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-24 | 熵智科技(深圳)有限公司 | Dispersive objective optical path |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110285884A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-09-27 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Sunlight-induced chlorophyll fluorescence detects hyperspectral imager optical system |
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| CN112945383A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-11 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Hyper-spectral imager optical system with high luminous flux and low spectral distortion |
| CN113433678A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-24 | 熵智科技(深圳)有限公司 | Dispersive objective optical path |
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