CN108894184A - Extra-high dam reservoir filling method - Google Patents
Extra-high dam reservoir filling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108894184A CN108894184A CN201810843332.4A CN201810843332A CN108894184A CN 108894184 A CN108894184 A CN 108894184A CN 201810843332 A CN201810843332 A CN 201810843332A CN 108894184 A CN108894184 A CN 108894184A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of extra-high dam reservoir filling methods, belong to hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering technical field.Wherein extra-high dam includes plugging structure for diversion tunnel, and plugging structure for diversion tunnel includes diversion tunnel and plug；The diversion tunnel is successively arranged straight hole section and sphenoid section；The plug includes interim plug and permanent plug, and the permanent plug includes the first permanent plug and the second permanent plug being tightly linked, the axial length of the axial length of the first permanent plug less than the second permanent plug.The characteristics of present invention is directed to the extra-high dam reservoir filling method that extra-high dam feature proposes, makes full use of plugging structure for diversion tunnel and its work progress, while water storage process is divided into first filling phase and initial operation stage；And carry out corresponding construction procedure in the phase of water storage in the early stage and initial operation stage respectively, that is, the requirement that power station first filling generates electricity in advance is met, and meet the requirement of finally stable, the safe water storage of reservoir.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering technical field more particularly to a kind of extra-high dam reservoir filling methods.
Background technique
Currently, the extra-high dam hydroelectric project of more large sizes is built in Southwestern China region high mountain and steep gorge area, such as double Jiangkous, Liang He
Mouth, Ye Batan, white crane beach etc., the construction diversion of these engineerings is all in such a way that disconnected+diversion tunnel aerial drainage is once blocked in cofferdam.With
The continuous improvement of high dam Construction Technology, the dam body rate of climb are accelerated therewith, and many engineerings have applying for lower lock water storage in advance
Work image looks condition, if diversion tunnel can quick blocking and impoundment ahead generate electricity, undoubtedly will increase generated energy, obtain huge
Economic and social benefit.
Extra-high dam refers to that up to 200~300m grades of even higher situations, it is high to undertake power station operating head polishing for dam body height
Up to 200m or more, water pressure is huge, and the safety of dam body itself seems particularly important during guarantee water storage, therefore urgently research is suitable
Stopper structure and extra-high dam reservoir filling method are blocked for extra-high dam diversion tunnel, had both guaranteed extra-high dam safety itself, it also can be suitable
Benefit realizes the target that power station generates electricity in advance.
In the patent document of Publication No. CN 105839604B, " this patent is cited in full text in this, and following letter
Claim document 1 "；A kind of method for being put forward for the first time the plugging structure for diversion tunnel for first filling and quick blocking is relatively traditional
Method is advanced by the power generation phase, achieves preferable economic and social benefits.Scheme of the invention energy in general high dam hydroelectric project
The features such as enough obtaining preferable effect, but being directed to the superelevation dam body of extra-high dam large-scale hydroelectric project, ultrahigh-water head, this structure
There is also following deficiencies with method：
(1) since interim plug does not use temperature control measures, concrete construction quality is difficult to ensure, is easy to happen crack, is stopped
Pair situations such as water destruct, operates normally the phase for the reservoir on extra-high dam, water leakage situation easily occurs under the conditions of ultrahigh-water head, i.e.,
In the case where extra-high dam, interim plug easily fails, and the diversion tunnel entirety plugging structure of document 1 just fails at this time, this will
Huge loss is brought to power station.
(2) the permanent plug of diversion tunnel is permanent building, and is mass concrete, and working procedure is complicated, temperature requirements
It is high；In combination with engineering practice situation：One section of permanent plug length is preferably controlled could preferably guarantee stopper structure within 20m
Construction quality.However, the case where being directed to the normal pool level superelevation of extra-high dam reservoir, so that Diversion tunnel plug operates normally the phase and needs
Undertake the effect of ultrahigh-water head, it is clear that the needs operated normally to meet extra-high dam reservoir, one section of permanent plug length need
Design it is very long, often beyond 30m or more under actual conditions.And one section of permanent stopper structure design is too long is obviously unfavorable for coagulation
The control of soil temperature degree and quality, structure security risk are prominent.Therefore, it is difficult to meet only with the structure of one section of permanent plug extra-high
The requirement that dam reservoir operates normally.
(3) faying face of interim plug and permanent plug is stairstepping in document 1, although can increase the combination of two plugs
Power, but this mode increases the difficulty of construction of plug, it is unfavorable to the construction period；In addition, for extra-high dam, in normal pool level
Ultrahigh-water head under the conditions of, because not taking temperature control, concrete construction quality not can guarantee interim plug, can generate coagulation soil cracking
Seam, interim plug can fail at this time；Such as in this case, the faying face structure of the interim plug and permanent plug that are proposed in document 1
It is designed as step type extra-high dam engineering is difficult to be applicable in.
(4) power generation in advance on extra-high dam, corresponding first filling power generation water level also can for general high dam
It is much higher, if therefore block laggard progress first filling power generation only with one section of interim plug to be unable to satisfy closure safety steady
Fixed requirement；As there are very big security risks for the structure in document 1.
In conclusion storage capacity is larger because of extra-high dam dam body height superelevation, the great feature of water storage process：One side water storage
Take a long time to normal pool level；It on the other hand, is the safety for guaranteeing dam first filling, water level rises to certain height
Degree, needs to carry out the multistage control reservoir filling rate of climb, in addition, the reservoir filling stage can be across flood season even toward contact
The features such as across multiple flood seasons.As it can be seen that extra-high dam reservoir filling process is complicated, it is numerous to involve factor, therefore how effectively to spy
High dam carries out water storage, not only can ensure that the safety of water storage process, but also it is current for capable of making full use of the generation assets during water storage
Urgent problem.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a kind of water impoundment methods on extra-high dam, can also effectively ensure water storage process
Safety, and the water resource during water storage is made full use of to generate electricity.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is：Extra-high dam reservoir filling method, the extra-high dam
Including plugging structure for diversion tunnel, the plugging structure for diversion tunnel includes diversion tunnel and plug；Along the flow direction of diversion tunnel, the water conservancy diversion
Hole is successively arranged straight hole section and sphenoid section；The plug includes interim plug and permanent plug, the interim plug and permanent
Plug closely connects setting, and the main part of the interim plug is located in straight hole section, the main part quartile of the permanent plug
In in sphenoid section, it is characterised in that：The permanent plug includes the first permanent plug, and along the flow direction of diversion tunnel, the
The downstream reservation of one permanent plug has the casting space of the second permanent plug, and the casting space is located in sphenoid section；
The extra-high dam reservoir filling method includes first filling phase and initial operation stage；
The first filling phase includes the following steps：
A, lock under diversion tunnel utilizes bypass hole overcurrent；
B, the interim plug of casting and the first permanent plug are started simultaneously at；Wherein, interim plug is continuous placing, a shape
At；First permanent plug uses temperature control measures laminated pouring；
C, after pouring to interim plug, and after carrying out rockfill grouting, bypass hole is closed, reservoir starts first stage storage
Water；
D, the water storage rate of climb is controlled, dam safety requirement is met, continues casting first during water storage in the first stage
Permanent plug；
E, after the first permanent plug pours, control reservoir filling to first filling power generation water level；
Initial operation stage includes the following steps：
F, it maintains first filling to generate electricity one period of water level, carries out generating set during maintaining first filling power generation water level
Debugging power generation；
G, after the first permanent plug casting complete, the casting and constructing of the second permanent plug is carried out, until second is permanent stifled
Head casting complete, the second permanent plug use temperature control measures laminated pouring.
It is further：When the first permanent plug and the second permanent plug are all made of using temperature control measures laminated pouring mode
When, next layer of casting and constructing of the second permanent plug is carried out after the casting and constructing that the first permanent plug completes a upper pouring layer.
It is further：In temperature control measures laminated pouring the first permanent each pouring layer of plug with a thickness of 2.5m~
3m；The second permanent each pouring layer of plug with a thickness of 2m~2.5m；And the first permanent bulkhead concrete pouring layer seam face with
It is arranged in a staggered manner between second permanent bulkhead concrete pouring layer seam face；The thickness control of each pouring layer is in 2m~3m；At every layer
It is laid with cooling water pipe in pouring layer and carries out temperature control.
It is further：The extra-high dam reservoir filling method further includes the water storage phase in later period, and the later period water storage phase includes
Following steps：
H, after the completion of the second permanent plug is constructed, reservoir starts second stage water storage, and second stage water storage is stored from initial stage
Water power generation water level, which rises to store to normal pool level, to be stopped；
I, during second stage water storage, if encountering across flood season situation, water storage to flood control operation is controlled before flood season
Water level；And flood control operation control water level is maintained to run to flood season Mo within flood season；Control water is run from flood control again after flood season
Position water storage is to normal pool level.
It is further：Along the flow direction of diversion tunnel, the axial length of the first permanent plug is L1, and the axial direction of casting space is long
Degree is L2；Wherein L1 is 10-15m, L2 15m-20m.
It is further：The temporary water dash position that the length of L0 meets first stage water storage requires；The length of L0+L1 meets just
Phase reservoir impoundment power generation water blocking position requires；The length of L1+L2 meets reservoir operation scheme water blocking requirement.
It is further：Casting forms the second permanent plug, the axis of the second permanent plug in the casting space
Consistent with L2 to length, the second permanent plug is located in sphenoid section, and the second permanent plug and the first permanent plug
Close connection setting.
It is further：It is closely connected between first permanent plug and the second permanent plug for vertical surface.
It is further：It is closely connected between interim plug and the first permanent plug for vertical surface.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1. entire plugging structure for diversion tunnel is divided into three sections in the present invention：Interim plug is one section, and permanent plug is divided into two
Section, the permanent plug of first segment and the second permanent plug, meet first stage water storage level water blocking requirement using interim plug；Secondly benefit
Meet first filling power generation water level water blocking requirement with interim plug and the first permanent plug, which ensures that reservoir impoundment aheads to send out
The purpose of electricity, effectively improves economic and social benefit；Finally met using the first permanent plug and the second permanent plug big
Dam operates normally the requirement of water level water blocking.The axial length L 1 of first permanent plug less than the second permanent plug axial length L 2,
By shortening the first permanent plug length, while the relatively thick concreting thickness of 2.5m~3m also can be used, thus plus
The construction speed of fast first permanent plug, further first filling generating dutation in advance, improves power station economic benefit.For reservoir
The normal operation water level run throughout the year, its interim plug easily fails for superelevation dam, therefore normal in the present invention
The ultrahigh-water head of operating water level is acted on by the permanent plug of first segment and the second largest permanent plug shared, it is ensured that it blocks effect
Fruit and reservoir operational safety.This cleverly design is considered since interim plug work progress does not carry out temperature control, so that coagulation
Soil property amount is difficult to ensure, then crack, leakage etc. easily occurs under ultrahigh-water head effect and bring huge security risk, thus
It significantly enhances reservoir and operates normally the stability that phase diversion tunnel blocks stopper structure, improve the peace of extra-high dam reservoir runtime
Entirely；Plugging construction efficiency is effectively improved again simultaneously, has ensured the purpose that reservoir generates electricity in advance.Power station is not only done sth. in advance
The time of first operating unit initial stage power generation, good economic and social benefits are created, and meets extra-high dam reservoir and operate normally
The water blocking requirement of phase, and its structural stability is more preferable, and safety is higher.
2. the upstream and downstream face of the permanent plug of interim plug, first segment, the permanent plug of second segment is more preferably vertical surface,
Which not only simplifies construction methods, conducive to the control of construction quality and duration, and in the case where not influencing the construction period
The effect that enhancing is coupled can also be played conveniently by measures such as later period joint groutings.
3. the extra-high dam reservoir filling method that the present invention is proposed for extra-high dam feature, makes full use of plugging structure for diversion tunnel
The characteristics of and its work progress, while water storage process is divided into first filling phase and initial operation stage；And water storage in the early stage respectively
Corresponding construction procedure is carried out in phase and initial operation stage, that is, meets the requirement that power station first filling generates electricity in advance, and meet
The requirement of finally stable, the safe water storage of reservoir.Furthermore, it is contemplated that superelevation dam reservoir asking of needing to pass the flood period during water storage
It inscribes, stage water storage phase in later period may further be provided in water impoundment method of the invention, further rationally to control reserve-water-level,
Ensure the requirement and safety of dam that flood control is passed the flood period.
The work progress tight fit of entire water storage process and plugging structure for diversion tunnel of the present invention is connected smooth,
Realize the unification and coordination of extra-high dam power station economy and safety.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the plugging structure figure in temporary water dash position of the present invention stage；
Fig. 2 is the plugging structure figure of first filling power generating stage of the present invention；
After the completion of Fig. 3 is the plugging structure for diversion tunnel construction of the present invention for extra-high dam, normal operating phase
Structural schematic diagram；
In figure label for：Straight hole section 1, sphenoid section 2, interim plug 3, the first permanent plug 4, the first permanent plug coagulation
Native pouring layer seam face 41, the second permanent plug 5, the second permanent bulkhead concrete pouring layer stitch face 51.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, extra-high dam reservoir filling method of the present invention, the extra-high dam include that diversion tunnel blocks knot
Structure, the plugging structure for diversion tunnel include diversion tunnel and plug；Along the flow direction of diversion tunnel, the diversion tunnel is successively arranged straight hole section
1 and sphenoid section 2；The plug includes interim plug 3 and permanent plug, and the interim plug 3 and permanent plug closely connect
Setting, the main part of the interim plug 3 are located in straight hole section 1, and the main part of the permanent plug is located at sphenoid section 2
It is interior, it is characterised in that：The permanent plug includes the first permanent plug 4, and along the flow direction of diversion tunnel, in the first permanent plug
4 downstream reservation has the casting space of the second permanent plug 5, and the casting space is located in sphenoid section 2；
The extra-high dam reservoir filling method includes first filling phase and initial operation stage；
The first filling phase includes the following steps：
A, lock under diversion tunnel utilizes bypass hole overcurrent；
B, the interim plug 3 of casting and the first permanent plug 4 are started simultaneously at；Wherein, interim plug 3 is continuous placing, once
It is formed；First permanent plug 4 uses temperature control measures laminated pouring；
C, after pouring to interim plug 3, and after carrying out rockfill grouting, bypass hole is closed, reservoir starts the first stage
Water storage；
D, the water storage rate of climb is controlled, dam safety requirement is met, continues casting first during water storage in the first stage
Permanent plug 4；
E, after the first permanent plug 4 pours, control reservoir filling to first filling power generation water level；
Initial operation stage includes the following steps：
F, it maintains first filling to generate electricity one period of water level, carries out generating set during maintaining first filling power generation water level
Debugging power generation；
G, after the first permanent 4 casting complete of plug, the casting and constructing of the second permanent plug 5 is carried out, until second is permanent
5 casting complete of plug, the second permanent plug 5 use temperature control measures laminated pouring
Wherein, extra-high dam mentioned in the present invention refers to the case where height of dam is more than 200m, and power station operating head polishing is high
Up to 200m or more.In this case, because its hydraulic pressure is huge, after upstream water level reaches normal pool level, facing in plugging structure
When plug 3 easily fail, therefore be difficult to ensure whole plugging effect using existing plugging structure for diversion tunnel；It is of the invention thus
It is optimized on the basis of existing plugging structure；It proposes the plugging structure scheme of specific structure of the present invention, ensures
Even if can also effectively ensure that the plugging effect of entire plugging structure in the case where the failure of interim plug 3；Meanwhile it and can be
Diversion tunnel realizes the power generation in advance of dam during blocking, improve its economic and social benefit.
Plugging structure for diversion tunnel in the present invention, the effect of the first permanent plug 4 be for being combined with interim plug 3,
It is common to realize the power generation of initial stage water blocking, realize the impoundment ahead power generation on extra-high dam；Meanwhile by under the first permanent plug 4
Trip is reserved with the casting space of the second permanent plug 5, can be poured in the casting space and form the second permanent plug 5, in this way may be used
Permanent envelope bridging after the later period can also be combined by the first permanent plug 4 with the second permanent plug 5 for the normal water storage of dam
Structure, it is ensured that plugging effect.Temperature control measures, over time, interim plug 3 are not used since interim plug 3 is general
Cooling strain amount it is larger, the construction period on extra-high dam, storage time and first filling power generation water level etc. are relative to one in addition
As have larger difference for high dam, therefore it is required that higher, the plugging structure for diversion tunnel in document 1 can not be suitable for extra-high dam.
More specifically, it is engaged between the interim plug 3 disclosed in document 1 and the first permanent plug 4 for cascaded surface；
And the work progress in this connection structure of Practical Project process is complex, causes construction period longer；Thus in the present invention
Further preferably it is arranged between interim plug 3 and the first permanent plug 4 and is closely connected for vertical surface.Similarly, permanent stifled first
First 4 and second closely connect for vertical surface between permanent plug 5.
In addition, passing through while being arranged the first permanent plug 4 and the second permanent plug 5 in the present invention, have the following advantages that：
One side dam finally can realize jointly water blocking effect by the permanent plug 4 in front and back first and the second permanent plug 5, it is ensured that water blocking is steady
It is fixed；On the other hand, the first permanent plug 4 and the second permanent plug 5 can be successively poured, and be met in the two length summation
The temperature control for blocking in the case where requiring, the length of single plug being shortened, and then can be more convenient in construction and work progress
System.For example, for extra-high dam, in order to ensure its plugging effect, the first permanent plug 4 is preferably provided in the present invention along water conservancy diversion
The length of hole flow direction is 10-15m；Second permanent plug 5 is 15m-20m along the length that diversion tunnel flows to；In this way, common by the two
The length of the plugging structure of composition will be for the range of 25m-35m.
In addition, since the first permanent plug 4 is mainly used for being cooperated with interim plug 3 to block first filling power generation
Water level；Therefore in order to shorten the construction period of the first permanent plug as far as possible, the axial length of the first permanent plug 4 should meet
Shorten as far as possible in the case where first filling power generation water level safety；It is should also be as simultaneously convenient for later period applying to the second permanent plug 5
Work.Therefore, under normal conditions preferably using following setting：It is in the axial length of the flow direction along diversion tunnel, interim plug 3
L0；The axial length of first permanent plug 4 is L1；The axial length of casting space is L2, and has L1 < L2.Such as it can basis
The ratio of length and L2 length that actual conditions are specifically configured to L1 is 0.5~0.8；First be specifically arranged such as top is permanently blocked up
First 4 along diversion tunnel flow direction length be 10-15m；Second permanent plug 5 is 15m-20m along the length that diversion tunnel flows to.In addition,
Interim plug 3 for carrying out water blocking water storage after the completion of its construction first, in order to which the quick water storage of reservoir to first filling generates electricity
Water level；I.e. interim plug 3 can play the role of temporary plugging water storage, to realize during water storage, can synchronize progress first
Permanent plug 4 and other subsequent constructions.
Above-mentioned each size L0, L1 and L2 etc., it should be ensured that corresponding plug meets corresponding closure requirement, and specific block is wanted
Ask for：The temporary water dash position that the length of L0 meets first stage water storage requires；The length of L0+L1 meets first filling power generation water blocking
Position requires；The length of L1+L2 meets reservoir operation scheme water blocking requirement.Wherein, the interim gear during first stage water storage
Water level, the specific water level parameters in first filling power generation water blocking position and reservoir operation scheme etc. are according to project Practical Project feelings
It is obtained after condition reasonable computation；It is only directly to use relevant parameter in the present invention, is not related to specifically calculate and confirm process,
This is not repeated.
In addition, the main part of interim plug 3 is arranged in the straight hole section 1 of diversion tunnel lining cutting, and can specifically be arranged interim stifled
First 3 end is 2 front end of diversion tunnel lining cutting sphenoid section.First permanent plug 4 is then arranged in diversion tunnel lining cutting sphenoid section 2, this
It is to try to enhancing sphenoid barrier effect.
In addition, the first permanent plug 4 can start simultaneously at carry out pouring construction with interim plug 3 in the present invention.Due to this hair
Interim plug 3 in bright uses continuous placing, and the form of construction work once formed is poured；And the first permanent plug 4 then uses
Temperature control measures laminated pouring, therefore in casting process, interim plug 3 is substantially all the completion that can construct in advance.Therefore the present invention
In order to further shorten storage time, after interim 3 casting complete of plug i.e. start carry out first stage water storage, and at the same time into
Construction of the row to the first permanent plug 4；I.e. interim plug 3 can be used for the work that temporary water dash is played in water storage in the first stage in the process
With providing execution conditions simultaneously for reservoir filling and subsequent construction.
In the first stage during water storage, due to there was only interim plug 3, water storage speed is unsuitable too fast, needs really
Protect the safety of dam.After the completion of the first permanent plug 4 is constructed, the final water storage of ability to first filling power generation water level, until
This first filling is completed, and during hereafter maintaining first filling power generation water level, carries out generating set debugging power generation；And realize dam
It generates electricity in advance.Complete the construction of the permanent plug 5 of second segment again later, and final again after the completion of the permanent construction of plug 5 of second segment
Water storage is to normal pool level.
Interim plug 3 in the present invention uses continuous placing, is integrally formed, its purpose is to shorten interim plug 3
The casting and constructing period；And the first permanent plug 4 and the permanent plug 5 of second segment use temperature control measures laminated pouring, are arranged by temperature control
Applying laminated pouring may insure corresponding concrete casting quality, and then ensure final plugging effect.Specifically, so-called continuously pour
It builds, the different modes of the construction once formed and temperature control measures laminated pouring construction respectively concrete casting, ability
Field technique personnel know advantage and disadvantage and specific casting process in different casting and constructings；For example, preferably being set in the present invention
The thickness control of each pouring layer in its temperature control measures laminated pouring is set in 2m~3m；Wherein the design of first segment permanent plug 4 compared with
It is short, it can increase accordingly and pour thickness, can further control its thickness in 2.5m~3m；And the second permanent plug 5 then preferred control
Its thickness is in 2.5m to 3m.And the first permanent bulkhead concrete pouring layer seam face 41 and second may further be provided permanently to block up
Head concrete lift seam is arranged in a staggered manner between face 51, and the connection effect of the two can be improved in this way.It, can be into one by above-mentioned setting
Step shortens the construction period, in advance first filling generating dutation；Accordingly generally cooling water pipe can be laid in every layer of pouring layer
Realize temperature control.
In addition, when the first permanent plug 4 and the second permanent plug 5 are all made of using temperature control measures laminated pouring mode,
Due in laminated pouring work progress, every one layer of casting needs just to can be carried out after separated in time next layer of casting；Cause
This, for the present invention in order to further shorten the construction period, the casting and constructing that can complete a upper pouring layer in the first permanent plug 4 is laggard
Next layer of casting and constructing of the permanent plug 5 of row second；During keeping the first permanent plug 4 and the second permanent plug 5 to build
The case where difference in height is one layer of pouring layer.Certainly, without loss of generality, the first permanent plug 4 and the second permanent plug 5 can also be kept
Difference in height be two layers or multilayer the case where.
More specifically, invention also contemplates that the extra-high dam water storage period is generally longer, it will usually across one even more than
The case where flood season, in order to ensure the safety of flood season water storage, extra-high dam reservoir filling method further includes later period water storage in the present invention
Phase, the later period water storage phase include the following steps：
H, after the completion of the second permanent plug 5 is constructed, reservoir starts second stage water storage, and second stage water storage is stored from initial stage
Water power generation water level, which rises to store to normal pool level, to be stopped；
I, during second stage water storage, if encountering across flood season situation, water storage to flood control operation is controlled before flood season
Water level；And flood control operation control water level is maintained to run to flood season Mo within flood season；Control water is run from flood control again after flood season
Position water storage is to normal pool level.
I.e. during the water storage phase in later period, if encountering flood season situation, temporarily reserve-water-level control is being controlled flood in flood season
Operation control water level is further continued for carrying out later water storage to normal pool level until flood season.Certainly, flood control described above runs control
Water level processed is less than normal pool level naturally.
In addition, first filling power generation water level, normal pool level and the flood control operation in the present invention control water level etc. specifically
Water level parameters etc. are according to obtaining after project Practical Project situation reasonable computation；It is only directly to use relevant parameter in the present invention,
It is not related to specifically calculate and confirm process.In addition, during diversion tunnel blocks, due to diversion tunnel when in order to avoid constructing
Water level rises after gate blocks, therefore can generally be provided with bypass hole or similar drainage measure is taken to carry out water level and be connected
Cross the overcurrent of section.
To sum up, the present invention includes first filling phase, initial operation stage and later period by the way that extra-high dam reservoir filling method is arranged
The water storage phase；By rationally carrying out diversion tunnel plugging construction and water storage in the phase of water storage in the early stage, the water storage of initial stage power generation can be shortened
Time reaches initial stage power generation reserve-water-level as early as possible；And then realize the power generation requirements in advance in the runtime in the early stage；And in the later period
Further through reasonable control reserve-water-level in the water storage phase, the requirement that flood control by reservoir regulation is passed the flood period is met, it is ensured that the safety of reservoir.
Claims (9)
1. extra-high dam reservoir filling method, it is characterised in that：The extra-high dam includes plugging structure for diversion tunnel, the diversion tunnel envelope
Bridging structure includes diversion tunnel and plug；Along the flow direction of diversion tunnel, the diversion tunnel is successively arranged straight hole section (1) and sphenoid section
(2)；The plug includes interim plug (3) and permanent plug, and the interim plug (3) and permanent plug closely connect setting,
The main part of the interim plug (3) is located in straight hole section (1), and the main part of the permanent plug is located at sphenoid section
(2) in, it is characterised in that：The permanent plug includes the first permanent plug (4), and along the flow direction of diversion tunnel, forever first
The downstream reservation of long plug (4) has the casting space of the second permanent plug (5), and the casting space is located in sphenoid section (2)；
The extra-high dam reservoir filling method includes first filling phase and initial operation stage；
The first filling phase includes the following steps：
A, lock under diversion tunnel utilizes bypass hole overcurrent；
B, the interim plug (3) of casting and the first permanent plug (4) are started simultaneously at；Wherein, interim plug (3) be continuous placing, one
Secondary formation；First permanent plug (4) uses temperature control measures laminated pouring；
C, after pouring to interim plug (3), and after carrying out rockfill grouting, bypass hole is closed, reservoir starts first stage storage
Water；
D, the water storage rate of climb is controlled, dam safety requirement is met, it is permanent to continue casting first during water storage in the first stage
Plug (4)；
E, after the first permanent plug (4) pours, control reservoir filling to first filling power generation water level；
Initial operation stage includes the following steps：
F, it maintains first filling to generate electricity one period of water level, carries out generating set debugging during maintaining first filling power generation water level
Power generation；
G, after the first permanent plug (4) casting complete, the casting and constructing of the second permanent plug (5) is carried out, until second is permanent
Plug (5) casting complete, the second permanent plug (5) use temperature control measures laminated pouring.
2. extra-high dam reservoir filling method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：When the first permanent plug (4) and second
When permanent plug (5) is all made of using temperature control measures laminated pouring mode, a upper pouring layer is completed in the first permanent plug (4)
Next layer of casting and constructing of the second permanent plug (5) is carried out after casting and constructing.
3. extra-high dam reservoir filling method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：First in temperature control measures laminated pouring
Permanent plug (4) each pouring layer with a thickness of 2.5m~3m；The second each pouring layer of permanent plug (5) with a thickness of 2m~
2.5m；And the first permanent bulkhead concrete pouring layer seam face (41) and the second permanent bulkhead concrete pouring layer seam face (51) it
Between be arranged in a staggered manner；The thickness control of each pouring layer is in 2m~3m；It is laid with cooling water pipe in every layer of pouring layer and carries out temperature control.
4. extra-high dam reservoir filling method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The extra-high dam reservoir filling method is also
Including the water storage phase in later period, the later period water storage phase includes the following steps：
H, after the completion of the second permanent plug (5) is constructed, reservoir starts second stage water storage, and second stage water storage is from first filling
Power generation water level, which rises to store to normal pool level, to be stopped；
I, during second stage water storage, if encountering across flood season situation, water storage to flood control operation controls water level before flood season；
And flood control operation control water level is maintained to run to flood season Mo within flood season；Control water level water storage is run from flood control again after flood season
To normal pool level.
5. extra-high dam reservoir filling method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is permanent along the flow direction of diversion tunnel, first
The axial length of plug (4) is L1, and the axial length of casting space is L2；Wherein L1 is 10-15m, L2 15m-20m.
6. extra-high dam reservoir filling method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：The length of L0 meets first stage water storage
Temporary water dash position require；The length of L0+L1 meets first filling power generation water blocking position and requires；The length of L1+L2 is meeting reservoir just
Normal water storage level water blocking requirement.
7. extra-high dam reservoir filling method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：It is poured and is formed in the casting space
The axial length of second permanent plug (5), the second permanent plug (5) is consistent with L2, and the second permanent plug (5) is located at
In sphenoid section (2), and the second permanent plug (5) closely connect setting with the first permanent plug (4).
8. extra-high dam reservoir filling method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that：First permanent plug (4) and second is forever
It is closely connected between long plug (5) for vertical surface.
9. as claimed in any of claims 1 to 8 in one of claims with extra-high dam reservoir filling method, it is characterised in that：Interim plug
(3) it is closely connect between the first permanent plug (4) for vertical surface.
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| CN201810843332.4A CN108894184A (en) | 2018-07-27 | 2018-07-27 | Extra-high dam reservoir filling method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113481928A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-10-08 | 中国三峡建工(集团)有限公司 | High-water-level water storage method for construction period of high-dam large reservoir and at initial operation stage |
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