CN108893579A - A kind of double hardness tup manufacturing methods of steel alloy - Google Patents

A kind of double hardness tup manufacturing methods of steel alloy Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108893579A
CN108893579A CN201810616624.4A CN201810616624A CN108893579A CN 108893579 A CN108893579 A CN 108893579A CN 201810616624 A CN201810616624 A CN 201810616624A CN 108893579 A CN108893579 A CN 108893579A
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China
Prior art keywords
quenching
hammer
wing plate
tup
hammer handle
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CN201810616624.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN108893579B (en
Inventor
邢振国
齐自新
常连波
邢万里
李江涛
武世旭
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HANDAN HQ COMPOSITE MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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HANDAN HQ COMPOSITE MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
    • C21D1/28—Normalising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
    • C21D1/60—Aqueous agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/63—Quenching devices for bath quenching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/68—Temporary coatings or embedding materials applied before or during heat treatment
    • C21D1/70—Temporary coatings or embedding materials applied before or during heat treatment while heating or quenching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/84—Controlled slow cooling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0062—Heat-treating apparatus with a cooling or quenching zone
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/005—Ferrite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/008—Martensite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/009—Pearlite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
    • C21D2221/01—End parts (e.g. leading, trailing end)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of manufacturing method of steel alloy tup being crushed for material, is handled by primary quenching and can get the double hardness of double tissues.When casting, the wing plate for being located at hammer handle and hammer tip junction is cast out to come；When Quench heating, hammer handle is wrapped up with insulating layer；When quenching, wing plate is placed in the support of cooling bay, and with the cooling hammer tip of the quenching liquid of flowing, quenching liquid liquid level is not less than the lower surface of wing plate.After lonneal, wing plate is cut off by the way of cold working.The tup small for weight, in quenching, induction heating is can be used in hammer handle.Hammer handle of the present invention uses insulating layer slow cooling, auxiliary induction heats when necessary, it can get Annealed microstructure, hammer tip is cooling using quenching liquid, quenching state tissue is obtained, wing plate can avoid influence of the hammer handle heat for hammer tip cooling velocity, to obtain the tup product of double tissues, wing plate can guarantee the quenching quality and production efficiency of tup with the quenching position of fixed hammer simultaneously.

Description

A kind of double hardness tup manufacturing methods of steel alloy
Technical field
Present invention application wear-resistant material industry, and in particular to the cracking hammer head applied on crushing mechanism, in particular to it is a kind of Monometallic steel alloy tup obtains the manufacturing method of double hardness.
Background technique
Crusher is widely used in the industries such as mine, metallurgy, cement, electric power；Tup is a kind of easily-consumed products on crusher, Need the unification of wearability and impact flexibility.Potassium steel material is mostly used, since potassium steel is under the conditions of impact, workpiece surface Austenite can be changed into martensite, to be hardened, have certain Impact wear resistance.But in the operating condition of small impact force Under, austenite transformation martensite is less, and the hardening of potassium steel is limited, and abrasion-resistance, which is unable to reach, to be given full play to.Research and development later Rich chromium cast iron wear-resistant material out, although rich chromium cast iron have good friction wear resistence, its due to brittle carbides content compared with More, fractions distribution is very poor, causes its impact flexibility very low, and even across Metamorphism treatment, impact flexibility is also no more than 10J, nothing Method meets the wear-resistant demand of impact operating condition.Present cracking hammer head is mostly used by rich chromium cast iron and steel alloy through liquid liquid is compound or solid-liquid Be combined composite hammer head.
Double-metal composite hammer causes composition tolerances to be unable to satisfy performance requirement and reduce since the compound superfusion of liquid liquid is serious Service life, solid-liquid is compound due to equally service life being caused to reduce without binding force between bimetallic, is unable to reach ideal shape State, or it is unable to satisfy the requirement of service life.Monometallic tup can not be obtained hard inside and outside two by conventional heat treatment process Uniform product is spent, under normal circumstances, the hardness on tup surface is improved by surface hardening or diffusing alloying during casting, but using Cheng Zhong, once the rigidity layer is worn away, tup will be unable to meet wear resistence requirement, and the subsequent use service life is through drastically reducing.This Invention is intended to using a kind of steel alloy monometallic meet by the control of different parts cooling velocity to obtain different tissues Unused hardness requirement, and inside and outside difference in hardness is little, can satisfy the service life requirement of tup.
Publication No. is the patent of invention of CN105506485A《A kind of double hardness tups of low-alloy medium carbon steel and its heat treatment side Method》A kind of heat treatment method is given, i.e. tup only carries out oil quenching cooling, flexible or plasticity in the workspace for having hardness requirement It is required that axis hole area do not quench, so that the tissue for obtaining double hardness gives the ruler of oil level line to obtain satisfied effect It is very little.The invention is there are two defects, first is that high temperature workpiece oil quenching must be wholly embedded into the liquid level of quenching oil hereinafter, otherwise quenching oil It is easy kindling, causes safety accident.Second is that axis hole area is equivalent to normalizing cooling, for certain tups, it is unable to satisfy user Soft requirement.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem solved by the invention is：A kind of heat treatment method of double tissue tups is provided, so that the work of tup Making part hammer tip is high rigidity quenching structure, and hardness is HRC58 or more, and hammer handle part is tempering state tissue, hardness HRC20- 25。
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that：
The manufacturing method of the double hardness tups of medium carbon alloy steel, including moulding, smelting, casting, cleaning, heat treatment in advance, heat, quench The processes such as fire, lonneal cast out the wing plate for being located at hammer handle and hammer tip junction to come in the casting step；Described Hammer handle is wrapped up with insulating layer, is put into furnace and heats by heating stepses, and insulating layer is clay using refractory cotton, refractory fibre or fire resisting Make；In the quenching Step, wing plate is placed in the support of cooling bay, the cooling hammer tip of the quenching liquid of flowing, and quenching liquid liquid level is not low In the lower surface of wing plate.After lonneal, the wing plate is cut off by the way of cold working, avoids hot-working to tissue or hardness Influence.
Further, to obtain good heat insulation effect, in the quenching Step, container can be used and be placed on wing plate and will hammer into shape The closed covering of handle.
The tup small for weight, for the cooling velocity for slowing down hammer handle, in the quenching Step, hammer handle uses induction coil sense It should heat.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The present invention uses quenching liquid, avoids the security risk of quenching oil, and hammer handle uses insulating layer slow cooling, when necessary auxiliary induction Heating can get Annealed microstructure, and hammer tip is cooling using quenching liquid, obtains quenching state tissue, and wing plate can avoid hammer handle heat pair In the influence of hammer tip cooling velocity, to obtain the tup products of double tissues, while wing plate can with the quenching position of fixed hammer, Guarantee the quenching quality and production efficiency of tup.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is tup production technological process；
Fig. 2 is 1 tup product schematic diagram of embodiment；
Fig. 3 is that embodiment 1 quenches schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is that embodiment 2 quenches schematic diagram；
Wherein：1- hammer handle, 2- hammer tip, 3- wing plate, 4- support, 5- quenching liquid, 6- insulating layer, 7- induction coil.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1.
1 tup weight 80kg of the present embodiment, structure is as shown in Fig. 2, including hammer handle 1 and hammer tip 2.In use, hammer handle 1 is Coupling part, it is desirable that plasticity is good, hardness requirement HRC20-25.Hammer tip 2 is working portion, it is desirable that wear-resistant, hardness requirement is not small In HRC58, and inside and outside difference of hardness is not more than 3HRC.According to the requirement of these hardness numbers, selecting medium carbon alloy steel is tup Material, such as 50CrMnMo, 55 CrMnMo, as long as the quenching hardness of these materials is not less than HRC58, annealing hardness is HRC20-25.
The process for making of tup is as shown in Fig. 1, melting, moulding and casting, with other castings production method bases This is consistent.Only the present embodiment 1 needs together to cast out wing plate 3 and, the position of wing plate 3 is located at hammer handle 1 and hammer in casting The junction at end 2.
The tup of casting and forming can carry out at quenching and lonneal heat by cleaning polishing and heat treatment in advance process Reason.Heat treatment in advance mostly uses annealing or normalizing, is subsequent to refine the as-cast grain and homogenization of composition of medium carbon alloy steel Quenching heat treatment carries out tissue preparation.
Attached drawing 3 is that 1 tup of the present embodiment quenches schematic diagram.Tup casting is after polishing cleaning, by the hammer handle on 3 top of wing plate 1 is wrapped up with refractory cotton or refractory fibre, can also be wrapped up using inexpensive fire clay, be formed insulating layer 6, be put into furnace according to heat Treatment process requires heated, kept the temperature, and after the temperature and time for reaching technique requirement, takes out, is placed on rapidly cold out of furnace But in the support 4 in pond, 5 imported valve of quenching liquid is opened simultaneously, the liquid level of the quenching liquid 5 of flowing is few beyond the upper surface of wing plate 3 Perhaps, it is best that the flow velocity of quenching liquid, which does not generate bubble chamber film with hammer tip surface,.Quenching liquid is water solubility, can pass through the ratio of modulation water Example changes the quenching cooling velocity of quenching liquid.
Such quenching mode can get following benefit：1）The hammer tip 2 of lower part can be made to be quickly cooled down, the quenching of flowing Liquid surrounds entire hammer tip, and the available rapid cooling of hammer tip obtains satisfied quenching effect.2）It can be adopted with slow cooling hammer handle, hammer handle It is wrapped up with insulating layer, the heat of the inside can not directly radiate outward, play slow cooling effect.3）Wing plate plays the cooling effect of protection hammer tip The effect of fruit.The heat of hammer handle can only radiate by the way that the hammer tip of lower end is cooling, devise wing plate in the junction of hammer handle and hammer tip 3, effect is exactly that the major part of hammer handle transmission heat is scattered and disappeared by wing plate, prevents the heat transmission of hammer handle to the cooling speed of hammer tip The adverse effect of degree guarantees the quenching cooling effect of hammer tip.4）The heat loss through radiation of hammer handle can be slowed down.Wing plate is embedded to quenching liquid liquid Face is a little, and the cooling of wing plate necessarily leads to vapor, and the floating of vapor surrounds hammer handle, reduces the radiation of hammer handle insulating layer and dissipates Heat plays insulation effect, is placed on wing plate according to other containers by the closed covering of hammer handle, then heat insulation effect is more preferable.5）The wing The effect of fixed hammer quenching position when plate also acts as quenching, to facilitate operation guaranteeing quenching quality, improving production efficiency.
When wing plate does not generate vapor, tup is taken out rapidly from cooling pond, is put into tempering furnace and carries out low temperature Tempering.After tempering, the tissue of tup hammer tip is tempered martensite, and hardness is in HRC58 or more, and inside and outside difference of hardness is in 1- The tissue of 2HRC or so, hammer handle coupling part are annealed state ferrite and pearlite, and hardness is in HRC25 hereinafter, fully meeting visitor The requirement at family.
Final tup product needs the method excision for cutting wing plate using cold cut, avoids hot-working to the shadow of tissue or hardness It rings, such as using hammering, Water Cutting, emery wheel cuts, wire cutting or machining mode, then reconditioning, to obtain satisfied surface Quality.
Embodiment 2.
The tup heavier-weight of embodiment 1 radiates relatively slow after hammer handle heat preservation, can obtain Annealed microstructure.Embodiment 2 Tup weight is 18kg, and since its hammer handle heat is few, cooling velocity is relatively fast, using the process for quenching of attached drawing 4.Remaining life Production process, such as melting, moulding, casting, cleaning process are same as Example 1 or similar.
Attached drawing 4 is to increase induction heating apparatus on the basis of attached drawing 3, and induction coil 7 is inserted in hammer handle 1, cold in hammer tip 2 But when, 1 induction heating of hammer handle reduces the cooling velocity of hammer handle to compensate partial heat, to obtain annealed structure.
2 hammer handle heat of the present embodiment is few, and in quenching, the liquid level of quenching liquid 5 is concordant with 3 upper surface of wing plate or is located at the wing Between the upper and lower surface of plate 3, to reduce the cooling velocity of hammer handle.
It should be noted that the tup of different weight, cold due to hammer tip goes speed for the medium carbon alloy steel of same sample ingredient Degree require it is almost the same, so need to select the differentiated quenching liquid of cooling velocity, to obtain satisfied quenching effect.
The present invention uses quenching liquid, avoids the security risk of quenching oil, and hammer handle uses insulating layer slow cooling, assists when necessary Induction heating can get Annealed microstructure, and hammer tip is cooling using quenching liquid, obtain quenching state tissue, and wing plate can avoid hammer handle heat The influence for hammer tip cooling velocity is measured, to obtain the tup product of double tissues, while wing plate can be with the quenching of fixed hammer Position guarantees the quenching quality and production efficiency of tup.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of manufacturing method of the double hardness tups of steel alloy, including moulding, smelting, casting, cleaning, heat treatment in advance, heating, Quenching, lonneal process, it is characterised in that：In the casting step, hammer handle will be located at（1）And hammer tip（2）The wing of junction Plate（3）It casts out and；In the heating stepses, by hammer handle（1）Use insulating layer（6）Package, is put into furnace and heats；In the quenching Step, wing plate（3）Place support（4）On, the quenching liquid of flowing（5）Cooling hammer tip（2）, quenching liquid（5）Liquid level is not less than wing plate （3）Lower surface；The wing plate（3）It is cut off by the way of cold working after isothermal tempering.
2. the double tissue process for quenching of steel alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the quenching Step, can adopt Wing plate is placed on container（3）On by hammer handle（1）Closed covering.
3. the double hardness tup manufacturing methods of steel alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the quenching Step, Hammer handle（1）Using induction coil（7）Induction heating.
4. the double hardness tup manufacturing methods of steel alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The wing plate（3）Wait It is cut off by the way of cold working after temperature tempering.
5. the double hardness tup manufacturing methods of steel alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The insulating layer（6）It adopts With refractory cotton, refractory fibre or fire clay.
CN201810616624.4A 2018-06-15 2018-06-15 Manufacturing method of alloy steel double-hardness hammer Active CN108893579B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114932196A (en) * 2022-06-02 2022-08-23 邯郸慧桥复合材料科技有限公司 Double-structure hammer head and manufacturing method thereof

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1676652A (en) * 2005-04-01 2005-10-05 攀枝花市白云铸造有限责任公司 Wear-resistant hammer head and its manufacturing process
CN103801429A (en) * 2014-02-19 2014-05-21 河北科技大学 Ultra-hard wear-resistance composite hammerhead for hammer crusher and production method thereof
CN104087742A (en) * 2014-06-24 2014-10-08 河北钢铁股份有限公司唐山分公司 Differential temperature heat treatment method for centrifugal compound high-chromium steel roller

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1676652A (en) * 2005-04-01 2005-10-05 攀枝花市白云铸造有限责任公司 Wear-resistant hammer head and its manufacturing process
CN103801429A (en) * 2014-02-19 2014-05-21 河北科技大学 Ultra-hard wear-resistance composite hammerhead for hammer crusher and production method thereof
CN104087742A (en) * 2014-06-24 2014-10-08 河北钢铁股份有限公司唐山分公司 Differential temperature heat treatment method for centrifugal compound high-chromium steel roller

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114932196A (en) * 2022-06-02 2022-08-23 邯郸慧桥复合材料科技有限公司 Double-structure hammer head and manufacturing method thereof
CN114932196B (en) * 2022-06-02 2024-04-16 邯郸慧桥复合材料科技有限公司 Double-tissue hammer and manufacturing method thereof

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