CN1088831C - Water pipe clinometer - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a water pipe inclinometer which belongs to the topographical observational technology and is particularly suitable for the measurement of earth crust inclination change. The aim of the present invention is solve the problems of guidance of a floater and the scale unit calibration of the inclinometer. A guiding device of the present invention is a central reed guiding device and is composed of three flat thin reeds in circular arc shapes, a reed gripping head and a reed fixed block, and the guiding device has high sensitivity. A calibration device is a sealed type volume calibration device and is mainly composed of a calibration cylinder filling with water and a calibration bar arranged in the calibration cylinder, the change accuracy of a liquid level can reach 0.01 mu, and the calibration device is favorable for the stabilization of a complete machine. Because the cost performance of the present invention is high, the present invention is widely used for seismic surveillance and large dam surveillance.

Description

A kind of water tube inclinometer

The present invention relates to learn observation technology a kind ofly, be particularly useful for the measurement of earth's crust tilt variation.

Water tube inclinometer is to keep the principle of nature level to develop according to the water surface in communicating pipe.When communicating pipe, relative perpendicular displacement appearred in the two ends ground, the two ends liquid level just can change with respect to instrument alms bowl body, and this variation becomes electric signal output by float, displacement transducer etc.

Wherein, the guide piece of float is the parts of the most key property of instrument, and it directly influences sensitivity, precision and the stability of instrument.Japan adopts single reed cantilever guiding and magnetic guiding with quasi-instrument, facts have proved that above-mentioned two kinds of guide frames bring very important tangent error and suction error to observed result.

In addition, scaling method and device thereof also are the cores of this instrument.Demarcation be for the output quantity of determining recording geometry and to be measured between a kind of operating process of corresponding relation.Because be that observational data such as solid tide is maintained a long-term stability and accurately reliable most important measure to the instrument scale value in time and accurate the demarcation.Japan is to adopt " to drip " in the alms bowl body or the method for " plunger " is demarcated with quasi-instrument, after be improved in the middle of the instrument baseline about the drainage method of " cheering " again and demarcate.Facts have proved: " dripping " method error is big, and can not back.Directly in the alms bowl body " plunger ", the one, cause the main body instability, sensor output is difficult to reading; The 2nd, speckle with water on the rod, make demarcation inaccurate.Adopt " cheering " method, move, bring error 20% or more to demarcation because the drainage connecting pipe is upper and lower, should be and demarcate the error of permission less than 1%.Up to the present do not see the report that scaling method preferably and device thereof are arranged as yet both at home and abroad.This shows that scaling method and device thereof have become the bottleneck that improves this quasi-instrument development level.

Purpose of the present invention just is to overcome problems of the prior art and deficiency, and proposes a kind of center reed guide piece and enclosure-type volume calibration device.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this:

1. guide piece is a center reed guide piece, is made up of flat thin reed, reed chuck and the reed fixed block of three circular shapes.Article three, the mutual angle of reed all becomes 120 °, and its planar ends collection is to the center.

2. caliberating device is a kind of enclosure-type volume calibration device, mainly by water-filled demarcate tube and place demarcate demarcation rod in the tube, that can move up and down by screw mechanism and form.

Describe in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples,

Fig. 1 is a complete machine composition frame chart of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is main body and guide piece structural representation.

Fig. 3 is the caliberating device structural representation.

Wherein: A-host machine part, B-recording section, 1-main body, 1.1-upper cover plate, 1.2-pillar, 1.3-base, 1.4-alms bowl body, 1.5-float, 1.6-connecting rod, 2-water pipe, 3-caliberating device, 3.1-demarcation tube, 3.2-demarcation rod, 3.3-stepper motor, 3.4-transmission gear, 4-guide piece, 4.1-reed, 4.2-reed chuck, 4.3-reed fixed block, 5-sensor, 6-micromatic setting, 7-automatic expansion mircrometer gauge, 8-number is adopted record, and 8.1-full automatic calibration number is adopted instrument, 8.2-numeral shows, 8.3-communication interface, 8.4-print, 9-analog record, 10-water.A-foundation pier, b-foundation pier, L-instrument two-end-point length, Δ H-instrument two-end-point discrepancy in elevation variable quantity, Δ h _a, h _b-two alms bowl body fluid face variable quantities, A _a, A _b-two alms bowl body cross-sectional areas, D _a, D _b-two alms bowl body internal diameters, the excellent diameter of d-demarcate, the excellent amount of movement of Δ h-demarcate.

(1) complete machine

The present invention generally is made up of to two component quadratures to, positive NS positive EW, also can adopt three limits laying observation method to lay.The present invention is made up of host machine part A and recording section B two large divisions.Host machine part A comprises main body 1, water pipe 2, caliberating device 3, guide piece 4, sensor 5, micromatic setting 6.Recording section B comprises that number adopts record 8 and analog record 9, and number adopts that record 8 comprises that automatic demarcation number adopts that instrument 8.1, numeral show 8.2, communication interface 8.3, print 8.4.

The instrument principle of work is the characteristic that the water surface remains the nature level in communicating pipe.When the relative perpendicular displacement of communicating pipe two ends ground, the two ends liquid level just can change with respect to the alms bowl body 1.4 of instrument, and this variation becomes electric signal by float 1.5, displacement transducer 5 etc. and exports automatic record.When the relative relief variation took place at two ends, establishing discrepancy in elevation variable quantity was Δ H, and then liquid level is also corresponding in two alms bowl body 1.4a and the 1.4b changes, and establishes variable quantity and is respectively Δ h _aWith Δ h _bIncompressibility according to liquid gets: $\mathrm{\Δ}{h}_a=\frac{A_b}{A_a+A_b}\mathrm{\ΔH}$ $\mathrm{\Δ}{h}_b=\frac{A_a}{A_a+A_b}\mathrm{\ΔH}$ Δ h _a, Δ h _bBy means of float 1.5 displacements by with the displacement transducer 5 of its interlock, convert electric signal to, again through the level change of recording section B Jiang Dong, south, west, north four ends and " east-west ", the discrepancy in elevation of " north-south " two directions changes to adopt through simulation and number and notes.Be converted into pitch angle Δ α accordingly again ". $\mathrm{\Δ}{\mathrm{\α}}^{\′\′}=\frac{\mathrm{\ΔH}}{L}{\mathrm{\ρ}}^{\′\′}$

(2) main body and guide piece

Main body 1 is made up of following parts: with three stainless steel pillars 1.2 that are evenly distributed on the circumference upper cover plate 1.1 and base 1.3 are firmly fused, the glass alms bowl body 1.4 that middle placement inwall polished through frosted, float 1.5 is suspended in the water 10 of alms bowl body 1.4.On upper cover plate 1.1, be equiped with adjustment, fixation of sensor 5 coil piece vertically to micromatic setting 6, the guide piece 4 of float 1.5 also is housed.

Guide piece 4 is made up of three flat thin reed 4.1, reed chuck 4.2, reed fixed blocks 4.3 with circular arc, and its effect is that to make float 1.5 be fixed on the center floating.Article three, the mutual angle of reed 4.1 all becomes 120 °, and its planar ends collection clamps with reed chuck 4.2 to the center, is fixed on the connecting rod 1.6 of float 1.5, and its approximate circular arc place one end is fixed on the upper cover plate 1.1 with reed fixed block 4.3.The iron stamen rod of the sensor of vertically loading onto 5 is being fixed on float 1.5 tops, also is connected clamping with it by reed chuck 4.2.The perpendicular displacement of float 1.5 does not accurately have frictionally guiding by this guide piece 4 entirely.

(3) caliberating device

Caliberating device 3 is mainly formed by the demarcation tube 3.1 of inner filling water 10 with by the demarcation rod 3.2 that screw mechanism can move up and down.For demarcating automatically, a pair of transmission gear 3.4 and stepper motor 3.3 also are housed, stepper motor 3.3 is connected to the full automatic calibration number by cable and adopts realization demarcation automatically on the instrument 8.1.Adopt to demarcate rod 3.2 increase and decrease liquid volumes, promptly the people for a change level change carry out the scaling method that static demarcating is this instrument, be in order to try to achieve liquid level when changing unit height by demarcation, how many variation delta U of electric signal quantitatively is.According to the incompressible characteristic of water, to the changes delta h of liquid level in two alms bowl bodies of one-component _a(=Δ h _b) can determine by following computing formula: $\mathrm{\&Delta;}{h}_a=\mathrm{\&Delta;}{h}_b=\frac{\mathrm{\&Delta;h}\&CenterDot;d^2}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="D\; a"\; filenames="C9911663700071.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_a^{}+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="D\; b"\; filenames="C9911663700071.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_b^{}}$

Δ h provides in advance, as 20mm, 10mm etc., d, D _a, D _bWhen dispatching from the factory, instrument provides measured value.

Caliberating device also has an effect to be, is the height of regulating, change liquid level in the alms bowl body 1.4 (water level) as required, adjusts the working base point of instrument.

The key technical indexes of the present invention is as follows:

1. sensitivity: 0.001 rad

2. system stability: day floating amount of moving is less than 0.005 rad

3. base length: 10 meters with interior (＞5 meters), better greater than 10 meters on demand

4. stated accuracy: be better than 1%

5. demarcate, return to zero: full-automation

6. recording mode: data acquisition, printing and simulation visible record are also deposited.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1. reed guide piece in center is highly sensitive, the guiding accuracy height, and measurement range is big, and is simple in structure, is easy to process and debug.By calculating its global stiffness C=8.7 * 10 ^-6Gram/1 μ, it is C/ Δ F=6.5 * 10 with the ratio of the suffered buoyancy changes delta F=0.0133 of float 1.5 displacements 1 μ gram/1 μ ^-4, the resistance to displacement of the 4.1 pairs of floats 1.5 of reed that as seen lead is minimum, and suffered buoyancy does not change when almost consuming float 1.5 displacements, and this explanation level change and float displacement are to reflect with the linear relation that is in close proximity to 1: 1.Because center reed guide piece 4 has very high safety coefficient, and reed 4.1 is again by the setting special processing, so can not consider the error that its elastic hysteresis, retarded elasticity and fatigue phenomenon are brought, this illustrates this kind not only safety that leads, and can be ignored by the instrument error that the guiding factor causes.

2. utilize this caliberating device 3 to carry out scale value and demarcate, make the accuracy that liquid level changes in the alms bowl body can reach 001 μ, this is the additive method stated accuracy that is beyond one's reach.Next is that demarcation rod 3.2 moves any position that does not affect main frame, and these long-time stability to instrument are very beneficial, also has the tube of demarcation interior 3.1 to be full of water, demarcation rod 3.2 is moved up and down not to get wet, so improved stated accuracy, adopt microelectric technique, be easy to realize full-automatic the demarcation.

In a word, because ratio of performance to price height of the present invention, baseline can be lacked, and can be widely used in seismic monitoring and dam monitoring.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of water tube inclinometer is made up of host machine part (A) and recording section (B); Host machine part comprises main body (1), water pipe (2), caliberating device (3), guide piece (4), sensor (5), micromatic setting (6); Recording section (B) comprises automatic expansion mircrometer gauge (7), counts and adopt record (8) and analog record (9); It is characterized in that:

Guide piece (4) is made up of three flat thin reed (4.1), reed chuck (4.2), reed fixed blocks (4.3) with circular arc; Article three, the mutual angle of reed (4.1) all becomes 120 °, and its planar ends collection clamps with reed chuck (4.2) to the center, is fixed on the connecting rod (1.6) of float (1.5), and its approximate circular arc place one end is fixed on the upper cover plate (1.1) with reed fixed block (4.3).

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