A kind of bipolar plate for fuel cell and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of fuel cell technology more particularly to a kind of for the bipolar plates of fuel cell and its preparation side
Method.
Background technique
Fuel cell (Fuel Cell, abbreviation FC) is a kind of directly by the chemical energy being stored in fuel and oxidant height
Effect it is converted into the power generator of electric energy.Fuel cell is because having the characteristics that energy conversion efficiency is high, pollution-free just by more next
More extensive concern.
Bipolar plates are one of core components of fuel cell, have and separate Oxidizing and Reducing Agents, collected current, fluid
The functions such as distribution, support electrode.In a fuel cell, the weight of bipolar plates accounts for the 70%~80% of total cell weight, manufacture
Cost accounts for the 40%~50% of totle drilling cost;Meanwhile bipolar plates are also to restrict the key factor of battery service life, therefore bipolar plates
Performance there is great influence to the performance of fuel cell.
Ideal bipolar plates should have lesser thickness and good electric conductivity, corrosion resistance and mechanical strength.At present
Widely applied bipolar plates mainly have graphite bi-polar plate, metal double polar plates, metal and graphite composite bipolar plate, polymer resin and stone
The bipolar plates etc. of ink doping injection molding.Graphite bi-polar plate has good electric conductivity and corrosion resistance, but since graphite belongs to
Brittle substance is not easy to do thin, not only influences the power density of pile, is applied to also exist because of road bumps when electric car
Fragmentation risk.Metal double polar plates generally use stainless steel production, compare graphite bi-polar plate, high mechanical strength, may be implemented compared with
Thin thickness, it may have good electric conductivity, but it is perishable in cell internal environment or passivation, cause electric conductivity sharply under
Drop.Metal is generally only simply to bond two kinds of materials with graphite composite bipolar plate, although the advantages of combining two kinds of materials,
The shortcomings that also in relation with two kinds of materials, and manufacturing process is cumbersome, it is at high cost.Although other compound bipolar plates lighter in weight, resistance to
Corrosivity is preferable, but there is a problem of that electric conductivity and mechanical strength are poor.In order to speed up to realize the large-scale application of fuel cell,
Developing Novel Bipolar plate is an important research direction.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of novel bipolar plate for fuel cell and preparation method thereof, can improve double
The performances such as electric conductivity, the corrosion resistance of pole plate.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention takes following technical solution:
A kind of bipolar plate for fuel cell, including:The bipolar plates matrix formed by fiber line close weave, the bipolar plates
Flow field is built on the one or both sides surface of matrix.
More specifically, the fiber line is single cord, or is twine made of being twisted together as more single cords.
More specifically, the fiber line is the single cord that cross section diameter is 1 μm~1000 μm.
More specifically, the fiber line is the twine that cross section diameter is 2 μm~1000 μm.
More specifically, the bipolar plates matrix is formed by one or more kinds of fiber line close weaves.
More specifically, the fiber line is metallic fiber line or non-metallic fibers line, and the metallic fiber line is iron-based conjunction
Golden fiber line or nickel-base alloy fiber line or aluminum fiber line or silver fiber line or platinum fiber line or golden fiber line, the nonmetallic fibre
Dimension line is carbon fiber line.
More specifically, the flow field is the lug boss being knitted to form on the surface of the bipolar plates matrix by fiber line.
Preferably, at least one layer of coating is coated on the lug boss surface, the coating is silver layer or platinum layer or layer gold
Or titanium-base alloy layer or tungsten-bast alloy layer.
Preferably, the surface of the fiber line is coated at least one layer of protective layer, the protective layer be silver layer or platinum layer or
Layer gold.
Preferably, at least one layer of coating is coated on an at least side surface for the bipolar plates matrix, the coating is silver
Layer or platinum layer or layer gold or titanium-base alloy layer or tungsten-bast alloy layer.
The method of preparation such as aforementioned fuel cells bipolar plates, steps are as follows:
Sheet fabric is formed with fiber line close weave, sheet fabric is cut to obtain bipolar plates matrix;
It suppresses to form flow field in the bipolar plates matrix surface, or convex with fiber line braiding in the bipolar plates matrix surface
The portion of rising forms flow field.
More specifically, edge sealing is carried out to the bipolar plates matrix with fiber line.
More specifically, fiber line is woven into bipolar plates matrix using the alternate wire laying mode of transverse and longitudinal.
From the above technical scheme, bipolar plates of the invention are formed using fiber wire rod close weave, and can basis
The different selections for requiring adjustment fibrous materials of bipolar plates electric conductivity, corrosion resistance and volume, as bipolar plates need electric conductivity compared with
Metallic fiber can be used then to weave bipolar plates matrix in Gao Shi;When needing the long life, noble metal fiber or carbon fiber may be selected
Dimension is to weave bipolar plates matrix;When needing the lesser bipolar plates of thickness, lesser fibrous material of cross section diameter etc. may be selected, pass through
The fiber line that will be provided with different characteristics is woven together, to prepare the bipolar plates of individual features.And bipolar plates base of the invention
Body is not only had air-tightness, is also equipped with certain toughness, can be made into flexible bipolar plates, be applied to using the method preparation of braiding
Flexible fuel cell.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of 1 bipolar plates matrix of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of 1 bipolar plates of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of 2 bipolar plates matrix of the embodiment of the present invention.
A specific embodiment of the invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with attached drawing
Specific embodiment
In fuel cell, the two sides of bipolar plates are respectively oxidizing gas and reducibility gas, both gases cannot be straight
Contact, therefore it is required that bipolar plates have to air-tightness.And in different applications, to the electric conductivity of bipolar plates,
Service life, volume size, flexibility also have different requirements, how to obtain the Novel Bipolar plate for having both dissimilar material properties
It is the problem to be solved in the present invention.
The basic ideas of the method for the present invention are:Bipolar plates matrix is formed using fiber line close weave, close weave obtains
Bipolar plates have air-tightness, two kinds of gases can be completely cut off.Bipolar plates matrix can be used a kind of fiber line and weave,
It can also alternately be woven using different types of fiber line;Fiber line can be ferrous alloy, nickel-base alloy, aluminium, silver,
The metallic fibers such as platinum, gold line or non-metallic fibers line, such as carbon fiber line.There is certain face when being formed with fiber line close weave
After long-pending sheet fabric, sheet fabric is cut into required size to get bipolar plates matrix is arrived.If constituting bipolar plates matrix
Sheet fabric has plasticity, specific shape can be further pressed into, to construct flow field, if the plasticity of sheet fabric is not
It is good, it can be knitted to form lug boss with fiber line on the one or both sides surface of fabric, to construct flow field.
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, carries out to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention clear, complete
Ground description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on this
Embodiment in invention, the every other implementation that those of ordinary skill in the art obtain without making creative work
Example, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.It should be noted that attached drawing uses simplified form and uses non-accurate ratio
Example, only to convenient, the clearly aid illustration embodiment of the present invention the purpose, for purposes of illustration only, indicating the attached drawing of device architecture
General proportion can be disobeyed and do partial enlargement, and the schematic diagram is example, the model that the present invention protects should not be limited herein
It encloses.
Embodiment 1
The bipolar plates of the present embodiment are formed by stainless steel fibre line 1 and 2 close weave of carbon fiber line.As shown in Figure 1, stainless
Steel fibre line 1 and carbon fiber line 2 use 1:The alternate wire laying mode braiding of 1 transverse and longitudinal, i.e., with a upward stainless steel fibre line 1
It is adjacently positioned with a carbon fiber line 2.Stainless steel fibre line 1 and carbon fiber line 2 can be single cord, or by more sub-threads
Twine made of line is twisted;When fiber line is single cord, the cross section diameter of fiber line can be 1 μm~1000 μm, work as fiber
When line is twisted together the twine formed by more single cords, the cross section diameter of fiber line can be 2 μm~1000 μm.
The stainless steel carbon fiber line 1 of the present embodiment and the cross section diameter of carbon fiber line 2 are 0.5mm, are by more lists
Strand is twisted to be formed.After the fabric for being 1.5mm at thickness in monolayer by stainless steel fibre line 1 and 2 close weave of carbon fiber line, cut
Growth 5cm × wide 5cm square sheets, and edge sealing is carried out using the carbon fiber line that cross section diameter is 0.5mm, obtain bipolar plates base
Body 3.As shown in Fig. 2, it is the carbon fiber of 0.5mm that the present embodiment uses cross section diameter in the both side surface of bipolar plates matrix 3 respectively
It is 1mm that line asymmetrical braid, which has height, the lug boss 4 that width is 2mm, and lug boss 4 is used to form U-shaped flow field.Likewise, being used for shape
It is also possible to single fiber line at the fiber line of lug boss or is formed by plurality of fibers line is twisted, the cross section diameter of single cord is 1 μ
The cross section diameter of m~1000 μm, the twisted fiber line formed of more single cords is 2 μm~1000 μm.It can be used a kind of or more
The fiber line of seed type weaves lug boss, the type of fiber line used in lug boss can with used in bipolar plates matrix
The type of fiber line is identical or not exactly the same.When bipolar plates matrix both side surface all has the lug boss formed by fiber line
When, the type of the fiber line of same surface upper projecting portion can be not identical, or different.
The present embodiment has had both metal material and carbon using the bipolar plates that stainless steel fibre line and carbon fiber line are knitted to form
The advantages of material, contact resistance about 7.0m Ω/cm under 0.6MPa pressure, with carbon paper2, have satisfactory electrical conductivity and machinery strong
Degree, while thickness is smaller, lighter in weight, and has certain flexibility, can be used for making flexible fuel cell.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment place different from embodiment 1 is:Bipolar plates matrix is by stainless steel fibre line 1 and carbon fiber line 2
Using 2:The alternate wire laying mode braiding of 1 transverse and longitudinal, i.e., it is adjacent with a carbon fiber line 2 with two upward stainless steel fibre lines 1
It arranges (Fig. 3).
When due to operation of fuel cells, bipolar plates are in high temperature, Strong oxdiative restores, in acidic environment, the metals such as stainless steel
Material is easily corroded and is passivated in the environment, and electric conductivity is caused substantially to decay.In order to improve the corrosion resistance of fiber line, extend
The service life of bipolar plates can be coated in the fiber line outer surface for weaving bipolar plates matrix and/or for weaving lug boss
At least one layer of protective layer, protective layer can be made of silver, platinum or gold.Or in the side or two for the bipolar plates matrix for building flow field
Side surface coats at least one layer of coating, and coating can be made of silver, platinum, gold, titanium-base alloy or tungsten-bast alloy, be used for bipolar plates into
Row protection.When bipolar plates matrix both side surface all has coating, the coating of bipolar plates matrix two sides can be identical or different.It is convex
One or more layers aforementioned coatings can also be coated by playing portion surface, and the coating positioned at not same surface upper projecting portion can be identical or not
Together.
The present embodiment sputters gold after the completion of lug boss weaves, in the both side surface of bipolar plates matrix, is applied with forming protection
Layer, layer gold is with a thickness of 50nm.Contact resistance about 5.3m of the bipolar plates made from the present embodiment under 0.6MPa pressure, with carbon paper
Ω/cm2。
In previous embodiment, bipolar plates are formed using the staggered mode close weave of fiber line transverse and longitudinal, but can also be used
Other conventional fabric weaves are woven, such as the mode of socket-connecting will be handed over to weave after fiber line bending cyclization, only
It wants that the fabric with air-tightness can be formed.
Various pieces are described in a progressive manner in this specification, and what each some importance illustrated is and other parts
Difference, same or similar part may refer to each other between various pieces.Syntagmatic between each component is not
Only form disclosed in embodiment, the foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments keep professional and technical personnel in the field real
Now or using of the invention.Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent for those skilled in the art
, the general principles defined herein can without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, in other embodiments
Middle realization.Therefore, the present invention is not intended to be limited to embodiment illustrated herein, and is to fit to and principles disclosed herein
The widest range consistent with features of novelty.