CN108876050B - Method for setting and automatically converting contract main process of iron and steel enterprise - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for setting and automatically converting a main contract process of a steel enterprise, and relates to the technical field of automatic control of metallurgy. The method comprises the steps of establishing a mathematical model of the distribution relation of contracts on a unit by determining the adaptation relation between the contract requirements of customers and unit parameters, taking the model as an accurate calculation basis under the condition of ensuring process constraint, adopting an algorithm framework based on a population evolution strategy, designing a solution algorithm of a discrete coding (decoding) chromosome enough manufacturing strategy, decoding the algorithm result to determine the process distribution scheme of each contract, and finally executing main and auxiliary process conversion operation to realize the overall optimization of contract processes. The method provided by the invention can balance the capacity allocation between the steelmaking and hot rolling parallel units, coordinate the feeding relation of the steelmaking and hot rolling processes, reduce cross logistics, improve the utilization rate of equipment and reduce the production and inventory costs.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy automatic control, in particular to a method for setting and automatically converting a main contract process of a steel enterprise.
Background
The production process of the iron and steel enterprise not only relates to a serial production process with a front and back feeding relation, but also comprises a plurality of parallel devices in the same production process. Steel enterprises organize production according to contracts, and each contract needs to design one or more alternative process routes according to product quality requirements before being put into production, which are called manufacturing process flows, and are called manufacturing processes for short. In the actual production process, it is necessary to determine which process is the main process and which process is the sub-process. Typically, the preparation and production organization, and particularly the planning and scheduling of production planning, are performed according to the main process. However, in the actual production process, when the equipment working condition or contract composition changes, the production process route can also be changed through role switching between the main process and the auxiliary process.
At present, the main process of the contract of the steel enterprise is set according to the quality requirement of the contract at the product quality design stage, the influence of the designed main process on the production flow, the production plan and the scheduling compilation is not considered, and the contract has great randomness, accuracy and scientificity in the production organization management. Because the number of production contracts is large, the main process is determined only from the product quality design perspective, the phenomena of high cross logistics quantity, unbalanced unit capacity distribution, low production equipment efficiency, high inventory and the like are easy to occur, and therefore the production and logistics costs are increased. Therefore, on the premise of integrating product quality design requirements and production logistics balance indexes, how to optimize and set a contract main process becomes a key technical problem to be solved urgently for steel enterprises.
In addition, the conversion of the main and secondary processes of the current iron and steel enterprise contract and the compilation of the production plan are operated separately. Along with the execution of production, when the unbalance distribution of the contract in different workshops of steel making (or hot rolling) is found when a production plan is compiled and the next production organization is influenced, a manual operation method based on the subjective experience of a planner is usually adopted to carry out main and auxiliary process conversion on the contract; the method generally includes the steps of firstly counting the distribution conditions of main processes of all contracts in different steel making workshops (and different hot rolling workshops), then calculating the total amount of the contracts needing to be converted according to the capacity ratios of the different steel making workshops (and different hot rolling workshops), then selecting part of the contracts capable of converting all candidate auxiliary processes into target main processes according to the non-emission reduction sequence of the shortage of the steel making processes, sequentially selecting part of the contracts from front to back to perform process conversion until the requirement of the total amount of the contracts needing to be converted is met, and finally performing process conversion considering cross logistics on part of the contracts with small shortage (less than the weight of molten steel in one furnace) by mainly using the same steel batch. Because thousands of contracts are involved in the production process of the iron and steel enterprise, a plurality of candidate auxiliary processes of the contracts are provided, and a plurality of factors such as complex production process, production line logistics layout, uneven contract steelmaking production shortage and the like are needed, the following problems exist by adopting the manual process transfer method based on the subjective experience of a planner:
(1) the manual method is operated after the misbalance of the distribution of the consistence in different workshops of the steel making (or hot rolling) is found, so the manual process conversion is a passive process, is not considered with the compilation of production planning and scheduling, and lacks the foresight.
(2) The manual method sequences all contracts through simple rules, and then selects the contracts to perform process conversion by using a serial sequential strategy, the serial sequential strategy has extremely short visibility from the optimization perspective, the contract process is converted once only by considering the current optimization performance, and the influence of the subsequent contract process conversion on the global optimization performance is not considered.
(3) The manual method only considers the capacity balance indexes of different steel-making workshops (and different hot rolling workshops) through qualitative analysis, does not consider the influence of main process conversion on other indexes (including cross flow, batch production and the like) of planning and scheduling compilation, and does not quantitatively calculate technical indexes and economic indexes, so that the process conversion effect depends on the operation level of business personnel to a great extent, and the technical problem is solved without quantification and scientificity.
Therefore, the conversion of contract processes is decided by deep analysis of the design rules of the steel production process and the product quality and adopting a quantitative scientific calculation method, and on the premise of ensuring the product quality and the process feasibility, the conversion operation of the main and auxiliary processes of the contract and the compilation and optimization of the production plan are integrated and optimized so as to give full play to the unit capacity and the production logistics, thereby having very important significance for optimizing the design level of the steel production process and the product quality, improving the management and control level of the production process and reducing the production cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for setting and automatically converting a contract main process of an iron and steel enterprise aiming at the defects of the prior art, so as to achieve the purposes of balancing the load distribution between parallel units of steelmaking and hot rolling, coordinating the feeding relation of steelmaking and hot rolling processes, reducing cross logistics, improving the utilization rate of equipment and reducing the production and inventory costs.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for setting and automatically converting a main process of a contract of a steel enterprise comprises the following steps:
step 1: determining technological parameters of continuous casting equipment and hot rolling equipment;
the technological parameters of the continuous casting equipment comprise the structural layout of the continuous casting equipment, the basic daily productivity of each continuous casting equipment, maintenance information, a casting width allowable range, the thickness of a crystallizer and an adjustment allowable width range;
the technological parameters of the hot rolling equipment comprise the structural layout of the hot rolling equipment, the basic daily capacity of each hot rolling equipment, maintenance information, the allowed maximum rolling width, the allowed maximum rolling thickness and the maximum width pressure measurement;
step 2: acquiring contract specification parameters, wherein the contract specification parameters comprise a preferred steel type of a contract, a contract delivery date, a contract delivery type, a contract refining mode, a contract state, a contract ordering width, a contract ordering thickness, a contract ordering weight, upper and lower limits of a rated width of a plate blank corresponding to the contract, upper and lower limits of a rated length, a rated thickness of the plate blank and upper and lower limits of a rated weight of the plate blank;
the contract delivery types comprise delivery by week, delivery by month and delivery by quarter;
the preferred steel grade is selected by comparing the expected content of the main chemical elements in the contract with the content of the main chemical elements in all steel grades, namely, the difference between the expected content of the main chemical elements in the contract and the g content and delta of any steel grade is calculated by the formula (1)igThen specifies ΔigThe steel grade with the minimum value is the preferred steel grade of contract i;
wherein,
and
is above the chemical element e contained in steel grade gA lower limit requirement; r iseiIndicates the desired content, E, of the chemical element E contained in contract iiRepresenting a set of chemical elements to be tested of the contract i;
and step 3: determining a preferential adaptation relationship between the contract and the equipment: establishing an adaptation relation between the contract and the equipment in a form of entity set according to the process parameters of the continuous casting equipment, the process parameters of the hot rolling equipment and the contract specification parameters obtained in the step 1; determining a preferential adaptation relation between the contract and the equipment on the basis of a logistics balance principle according to the established adaptation relation between the contract and the equipment;
the establishment of the adaptation relation between the contract and the equipment in the form of the entity set is realized by a method for describing process limits of the production process of the continuous casting-hot rolling procedure as constraint conditions of a mathematical model, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 3-1: respectively establishing process constraints of a device and contract set relationship, as shown in formulas (2) and (3), namely: given the jth equipment of a continuous casting process, a contract set that can be processed on that equipment is determined
Given the jth plant of a hot rolling process, a contract set is determined that can be processed on that plant
Wherein N and P respectively represent a contract set subjected to the continuous casting-hot rolling process and a contract set subjected to only the hot rolling process, and Ω1、Ω2Set of facilities respectively representing a continuous casting process and a hot rolling process, wiAnd hiRespectively representThe rated width and the rated thickness of the plate blank correspond to the rated width and the rated thickness of the plate blank;
respectively represents the upper limit and the lower limit of the rolling width of the jth device in the continuous casting process,
respectively represents the upper limit and the lower limit of the rolling width of the j-th equipment of the hot rolling process,
respectively represents the rolling thickness of the j-th equipment of the continuous casting process and the hot rolling process, djThe maximum width side pressure of the jth equipment in the hot rolling process is shown;
step 3-2: respectively establishing process constraints of a contract and equipment set relation, as shown in formulas (4) and (5), namely: given a contract i, determining the optional equipment set of the contract i in the continuous casting process
And optional equipment set of hot rolling process
Thus, the establishment of the adaptation relationship between the contract and the equipment in the form of entity set is completed;
in step 3, determining the preferred adaptation relationship between the contract and the equipment based on the logistics balance principle according to the established adaptation relationship between the contract and the equipment is realized by mapping the coordination relationship between the continuous casting process and the hot rolling process for producing logistics into an operation rule, wherein the operation rule is as follows:
rule one is as follows: if the linear material flow exists, the manufacturing process corresponding to the linear material flow is selected as the main process, and the rest material flow is selected as the auxiliary process. If a plurality of linear material flows exist, selecting the manufacturing process corresponding to the continuous casting equipment with the largest basic daily production capacity as a main process, and selecting the rest material flows as auxiliary processes;
rule two: if no straight-line material flow exists and a plurality of cross material flows exist, selecting the manufacturing process corresponding to the continuous casting equipment with the largest basic daily output as a main process, and selecting the rest material flows as auxiliary processes;
rule three: if no straight-line material flow exists and a plurality of cross material flows exist, selecting the manufacturing process corresponding to the hot rolling equipment with the maximum basic daily energy production as a main process, and selecting the rest material flows as auxiliary processes;
the linear material flows in the rule I, the rule II and the rule III are material flows which are used for directly enabling the hot-charged plate blank after passing through the continuous casting equipment to directly enter a heating furnace of the hot rolling equipment through a roller way for subsequent processing; the cross material flow refers to material flow of a hot-charged plate blank passing through continuous casting equipment, which is transported to a heating furnace of hot rolling equipment for subsequent processing by using a trolley after off-line cooling treatment;
and 4, step 4: for a given full-process production contract, establishing a mathematical model to quantitatively describe the contract process selection problem, wherein the quantitative description comprises the setting of decision variables, the selection of constraint conditions and the determination of a target function;
(a) setting the 0-1 decision variable xij(ii) a When the j equipment of the continuous casting process is selected as the main process of the contract continuous casting process in the contract i, xijThe value is 1; otherwise xijThe value is 0;
(b) setting the 0-1 decision variable yij(ii) a When j equipment of the hot rolling procedure is selected as the main procedure of the contract hot rolling procedure in the contract i, yijThe value is 1; otherwise yijThe value is 0;
the constraint conditions in step 4 include:
(c) establishing a contract and a technological constraint of main process limit of continuous casting process equipment and a technological constraint of main process limit of hot rolling process equipment, which are respectively shown in formulas (6) and (7), namely, only one device can be selected as a main process of the contract in the continuous casting process and only one device can be selected as a main process of the contract in the continuous casting and hot rolling process;
(d) establishing process constraints of capacity limitation of continuous casting-hot rolling process equipment, wherein the process constraints are represented by formulas (8) to (11), namely, the total contract amount processed on each equipment in the continuous casting-hot rolling process is limited to be close to the expected weight of each equipment; the excess part and the deficiency part are both within a set error range;
wherein,
and
respectively the parts of the continuous casting process equipment with the total processing amount exceeding and falling short of the expected weight,
and
the parts of the total processing contract quantity exceeding and falling below the expected weight on the equipment of the hot rolling procedure respectively;
is the weight expected from the continuous casting process equipment as a percentage of the total weight contract,
is the weight percentage of the expected weight of the hot rolling process equipment to the total weight of the contract,
the total amount of the processing customer contract on the continuous casting process equipment exceeds and falls short of the upper limit of the expected weight part,
the total amount of the processed customer contract on the hot rolling process equipment exceeds and falls below the upper limit of the expected weight part, qiIs contract demand shortfall;
the objective function in step 4 includes:
(e) minimizing the total cross-stream contract weight, as shown below;
(f) minimizing deviation of the total processing contract amount and the expected weight on each equipment of the continuous casting process and the hot rolling process, which is shown in the following formula;
(g) linearly weighting a plurality of objective functions expressed by the formulas (12) and (13) to obtain a final objective function as shown in the formula (14);
wherein λ is1、λ2、λ3∈[0，1]Weight coefficients, λ, representing different objective functions1+λ2+λ3＝1；
And 5: designing a population evolution algorithm based on discrete coding/decoding to solve the mathematical model in the step 4 so as to obtain an optimal decision scheme of the contract process;
the discrete encoding/decoding is used for constructing population individuals, and one individual of the population corresponds to one solution of the problem;
individual construction strategy for discrete encoding: is provided (L)1+L2) Dimension vector
Representing one solution to the problem, the vector S is specified as follows:
one is specified: the vector dimension is determined by the number of contracts, i.e., equation (15) is satisfied:
L1＝|N|+|P|，L2＝|N| (15)
provision of two: the value range of the vector elements is determined by the equipment number of the continuous casting process or the hot rolling process, namely the vector elements meet the formulas (16) and (17):
individual translation strategies for discrete decoding: any element a in the vector SlOr bmCorresponding to the mathematical model variable x in step 4ijOr yijA row index i and a column index j of 1, i.e.: i is equal to l, and l is equal to l,
wherein
Denotes a is not more than alThe smallest integer of (a);
the population evolution algorithm based on discrete coding/decoding in step 5 is realized by adopting a basic framework of a differential evolution algorithm, and the specific sub-steps are as follows:
step 5-1: initializing algorithm parameters; the method comprises the steps of calculating the maximum iteration times maxIter, calculating the population size NP, the variation coefficient F, the selection coefficient CR, the best solution BestV of the algorithm history, and the current iteration times iter being 0;
step 5-2: initializing a population; NP initial individuals are randomly generated, and the idx-th individual is represented as
Wherein
First, the solution S is checked according to the constraint equations (6) and (7)jFeasibility, if not feasible, performing targeted repair on the solution according to the conflict reason; then, all individuals in the population are translated into corresponding problem solutions according to a discrete decoding individual translation strategy, and corresponding adaptive values of the individuals are calculated according to a formula (14) and are recorded as f (S)j) (ii) a The individual with the minimum adaptation value is called an optimal individual, and the adaptation value of the optimal individual is BestV;
step 5-3: performing mutation operation and cross operation on each individual in the population, wherein the specific sub-steps are as follows:
step 5-3-1: set of individuals { S }1，S2，...，SNPSelecting three individuals S different from the target individualjAnd different individuals Sr1，Sr2，Sr3I.e., j ≠ r1 ≠ r2 ≠ r 3;
step 5-3-2: from an evenly distributed real number interval [ j/NP,1]Randomly generating a variation step size factor Fj；
Step 5-3-3: the individual Sj，Sr1，Sr2，Sr3Performing difference operation to obtain individual V after mutation operationjAs shown in the following formula;
Vj＝Sr1+Fj(Sr2-Sr3) (18)
step 5-3-4: from an evenly distributed real number interval [ j/NP,1]Randomly generating a cross probability factor CR for each element of the individual matrixl；
Step 5-3-5: each pair of individuals SjAnd VjPerforming a crossover operation, as shown in the following formula, to produce a new individual Uj；
Wherein,
represents UjThe elements of the interior are, in addition,
represents VjThe elements of the interior are, in addition,
denotes SjInternal elements, j 1, 2, NP, L1, 21+L2，
Representing random numbers between (0,1) subject to a positive distribution;
step 5-3-6: judging whether an element is present
Or
If yes, the new individual U is treatedjPerforming boundary condition treatmentOtherwise, finishing the cross operation;
wherein L represents an element
Lower limit of the value range of (1), U represents an element
Upper limit of the value range of (1);
step 5-4: calculating each new individual U according to formula (14)jIs recorded as f (U)j) (ii) a Comparison f (U)j) And f (S)j) And updating the individuals; for updated individual set S1，S2，...，SNPRepeatedly executing the step 5-3-1 to the step 5-3-6 until a stop condition is met;
step 5-5: in the final individual set S1，S2，...，SNPSelect the objective function value f (S)j) Smallest individual S*Calling an individual translation strategy of discrete decoding to decode to obtain a final contract process optimal decision scheme;
step 6: according to the optimal decision scheme of the contract process obtained in the step 5, executing the conversion process of the main and auxiliary contract processes, and compiling a production plan and organizing production according to the converted main contract process;
the main and auxiliary process conversion of the contract comprises the following substeps:
step 6-1: determining that the process corresponding to the problem solution obtained in the step 5 is the only main process of the contract; setting the rest of the processes obtained in the step 3 as sub-processes;
step 6-2: the shortage of each procedure and the stock of each stock area of the contract are converted into the main procedure.
Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in: the method for setting and automatically converting the main processes of the contracts of the iron and steel enterprises, provided by the invention, can assist production managers to master the process layout conditions of all the contracts from the common view of process quality design and production organization arrangement, and make a production plan scheme according to the process layout; but also can arrange the membership corresponding relation between the production contract and the equipment, and provide effective support for planning and scheduling compilation of steel making and hot rolling processes. The method for optimally setting and automatically converting the contract process of the iron and steel enterprise effectively balances the production loads of the steelmaking parallel production workshop and the hot rolling parallel production workshop, improves the smoothness of feeding connection of steelmaking and hot rolling processes, reduces unnecessary cross material flow, improves the linear logistics efficiency, improves the equipment utilization rate and the production efficiency, and improves the on-time delivery capability of the contract.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for setting and automatically converting a contract main process of an iron and steel enterprise according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the layout of a production line for continuous casting and hot rolling.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The method for setting and automatically converting the main process of the contract of the iron and steel enterprise according to the embodiment is shown in fig. 1, and the specific steps are as follows.
Step 1: determining technological parameters of continuous casting equipment and hot rolling equipment;
the technological parameters of the continuous casting equipment comprise the structural layout of the continuous casting equipment, the basic daily productivity of each continuous casting equipment, maintenance information, a casting width allowable range, the thickness of a crystallizer and an adjustment allowable width range;
the technological parameters of the hot rolling equipment comprise the structural layout of the hot rolling equipment, the basic daily capacity of each hot rolling equipment, maintenance information, the allowed maximum rolling width, the allowed maximum rolling thickness and the maximum width pressure measurement.
Step 2: acquiring contract specification parameters including a preferred steel type of a contract, a contract delivery date, a contract delivery type, a contract refining mode, a contract state, a contract ordering width, a contract ordering thickness, a contract ordering weight, upper and lower limits of a rated width of a plate blank corresponding to the contract, upper and lower limits of a rated length, a rated thickness of the plate blank and upper and lower limits of a rated weight of the plate blank;
the contract delivery types include delivery by week, delivery by month, and delivery by quarter.
The preferred steel grade is selected by comparing the expected content of the main chemical elements in the contract with the content of the main chemical elements in all steel grades, namely, the difference between the expected content of the main chemical elements in the contract and the g content and delta of any steel grade is calculated by the formula (1)igThen specifies ΔigThe steel grade with the minimum value is the preferred steel grade of contract i;
wherein,
and
the upper and lower limit requirements of the chemical element e contained in the steel grade g are met; r iseiIndicates the desired content, E, of the chemical element E contained in contract iiRepresenting the set of chemical elements to be tested for contract i.
And step 3: determining a preferential adaptation relationship between the contract and the equipment: establishing an adaptation relation between the contract and the equipment in a form of entity set according to the technological parameters of the continuous casting equipment, the hot rolling equipment and the contract specification parameters obtained in the step 1 and the technological parameters of the hot rolling equipment; determining a preferential adaptation relation between the contract and the equipment on the basis of a logistics balance principle according to the established adaptation relation between the contract and the equipment;
the establishment of the adaptation relation between the contract and the equipment in the form of the entity set is realized by a method for describing process limits of the production process of the continuous casting-hot rolling procedure as constraint conditions of a mathematical model, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 3-1: respectively establishing process constraints (2) and (3) of equipment and contract set relation, namely: given the jth equipment of a continuous casting process, a contract set that can be processed on that equipment is determined
Given the jth plant of a hot rolling process, a contract set is determined that can be processed on that plant
Wherein N and P respectively represent a contract set subjected to the continuous casting-hot rolling process and a contract set subjected to only the hot rolling process, and Ω1、Ω2Set of facilities respectively representing a continuous casting process and a hot rolling process, wiAnd hiRespectively representing the rated width and the rated thickness of the plate blank corresponding to the contract i;
respectively represents the upper limit and the lower limit of the rolling width of the jth device in the continuous casting process,
respectively represents the upper limit and the lower limit of the rolling width of the j-th equipment of the hot rolling process,
respectively represents the rolling thickness of the j-th equipment of the continuous casting process and the hot rolling process, djThe maximum width side pressure of the jth equipment in the hot rolling process is shown;
step 3-2: respectively establish a contract withProcess constraints (4) and (5) of the equipment set relationship, namely: given a contract i, determining the optional equipment set of the contract i in the continuous casting process
And optional equipment set of hot rolling process
And completing the establishment of the adaptation relation between the contract and the equipment in the form of entity set.
In step 3, determining the preferred adaptation relationship between the contract and the equipment based on the logistics balance principle according to the established adaptation relationship between the contract and the equipment is realized by mapping the coordination relationship between the continuous casting process and the hot rolling process for producing logistics into an operation rule, wherein the operation rule is as follows:
rule one is as follows: if the linear material flow exists, the manufacturing process corresponding to the linear material flow is selected as the main process, and the rest material flow is selected as the auxiliary process. If a plurality of linear material flows exist, selecting the manufacturing process corresponding to the continuous casting equipment with the largest basic daily production capacity as a main process, and selecting the rest material flows as auxiliary processes;
rule two: if no straight-line material flow exists and a plurality of cross material flows exist, selecting the manufacturing process corresponding to the continuous casting equipment with the largest basic daily output as a main process, and selecting the rest material flows as auxiliary processes;
rule three: if no straight-line material flow exists and a plurality of cross material flows exist, selecting the manufacturing process corresponding to the hot rolling equipment with the maximum basic daily energy production as a main process, and selecting the rest material flows as auxiliary processes;
the linear material flows in the rule I, the rule II and the rule III are material flows which are used for directly enabling the hot-charged plate blank after passing through the continuous casting equipment to directly enter a heating furnace of the hot rolling equipment through a roller way for subsequent processing; the cross material flow refers to material flow of a hot-charged plate blank passing through continuous casting equipment, which is transported to a heating furnace of hot rolling equipment for subsequent processing by using a trolley after off-line cooling treatment; in the line layout for continuous casting and hot rolling as given in fig. 2, path 1 and path 2 are straight streams, and path 3 and path 4 are cross streams.
And 4, step 4: for a given full-process production contract, establishing a mathematical model to quantitatively describe the contract process selection problem, wherein the quantitative description comprises the setting of decision variables, the selection of constraint conditions and the determination of a target function;
the decision variables in step 4 include:
(a) setting the 0-1 decision variable xij(ii) a When the j equipment of the continuous casting process is selected as the main process of the contract continuous casting process in the contract i, xijThe value is 1; otherwise xijThe value is 0;
(b) setting the 0-1 decision variable yij(ii) a When j equipment of the hot rolling procedure is selected as the main procedure of the contract hot rolling procedure in the contract i, yijThe value is 1; otherwise yijThe value is 0;
the constraint conditions in step 4 include:
(c) establishing a contract and a technological constraint of main process limit of continuous casting process equipment and a technological constraint of main process limit of hot rolling process equipment, which are respectively shown in formulas (6) and (7), namely, only one device can be selected as a main process of the contract in the continuous casting process and only one device can be selected as a main process of the contract in the continuous casting and hot rolling process;
(d) establishing process constraints of capacity limitation of continuous casting-hot rolling process equipment, wherein the process constraints are represented by formulas (8) to (11), namely, the total contract amount processed on each equipment in the continuous casting-hot rolling process is limited to be close to the expected weight of each equipment; the excess part and the deficiency part are both within a set error range;
wherein,
and
respectively the parts of the continuous casting process equipment with the total processing amount exceeding and falling short of the expected weight,
and
the parts of the total processing contract quantity exceeding and falling below the expected weight on the equipment of the hot rolling procedure respectively;
is the weight expected from the continuous casting process equipment as a percentage of the total weight contract,
is a hot rolling process equipmentThe desired weight is a percentage of the total weight of the contract,
the total amount of the processing customer contract on the continuous casting process equipment exceeds and falls short of the upper limit of the expected weight part,
the total amount of the processed customer contract on the hot rolling process equipment exceeds and falls below the upper limit of the expected weight part, qiIs contract demand shortfall;
the objective function in step 4 includes:
(e) minimizing the total cross-stream contract weight, as shown below;
(f) minimizing deviation of the total processing contract amount and the expected weight on each equipment of the continuous casting process and the hot rolling process, which is shown in the following formula;
(g) linearly weighting a plurality of objective functions expressed by the formulas (12) and (13) to obtain a final objective function as shown in the formula (14);
wherein λ is1、λ2、λ3∈[0，1]Weight coefficients, λ, representing different objective functions1+λ2+λ3＝1。
And 5: designing a population evolution algorithm based on discrete coding/decoding to solve the mathematical model in the step 4 so as to obtain an optimal decision scheme of the contract process;
the discrete encoding/decoding is used for constructing population individuals, and one individual of the population corresponds to one solution of the problem;
individual construction strategy for discrete encoding: is provided (L)1+L2) Dimension vector
Representing one solution to the problem, the vector S is specified as follows:
one is specified: the vector dimension is determined by the number of contracts, i.e., equation (15) is satisfied:
L1＝|N|+|P|，L2＝|N| (15)
provision of two: the value range of the vector elements is determined by the equipment number of the continuous casting process or the hot rolling process, namely the vector elements meet the formulas (16) and (17):
individual translation strategies for discrete decoding: any element a in the vector SlOr bmCorresponding to the mathematical model variable x in step 4ijOr yijA row index i and a column index j of 1, i.e.: i is equal to l, and l is equal to l,
wherein
Denotes a is not more than alThe smallest integer of (a);
the population evolution algorithm based on discrete coding/decoding in step 5 is realized by adopting a basic framework of a differential evolution algorithm, and the specific sub-steps are as follows:
step 5-1: initializing algorithm parameters; the method comprises the steps of calculating the maximum iteration times maxIter, calculating the population size NP, the variation coefficient F, the selection coefficient CR, the best solution BestV of the algorithm history, and the current iteration times iter being 0;
step 5-2: initializing a population; NP initial individuals are randomly generated, and the idx-th individual is represented as
Wherein
First, the solution S is checked according to the constraint equations (6) and (7)jFeasibility, if not feasible, performing targeted repair on the solution according to the conflict reason; then, all individuals in the population are translated into corresponding problem solutions according to a discrete decoding individual translation strategy, and corresponding adaptive values of the individuals are calculated according to a formula (14) and are recorded as f (S)j) (ii) a The individual with the minimum adaptation value is called an optimal individual, and the adaptation value of the optimal individual is BestV;
step 5-3: performing mutation operation and cross operation on each individual in the population, wherein the specific sub-steps are as follows:
step 5-3-1: set of individuals { S }1，S2，...，SNPSelecting three individuals S different from the target individualjAnd different individuals Sr1，Sr2，Sr3I.e., j ≠ r1 ≠ r2 ≠ r 3;
step 5-3-2: from an evenly distributed real number interval [ j/NP,1]Randomly generating a variation step size factor Fj；
Step 5-3-3: the individual Sj，Sr1，Sr2，Sr3Performing difference operation to obtain individual V after mutation operationjAs shown in the following formula;
Vj＝Sr1+Fj(Sr2-Sr3) (18)
step 5-3-4: from an evenly distributed real number interval [ j/NP,1]Randomly generating a cross probability factor CR for each element of the individual matrixl；
Step 5-3-5: each pair of individuals SjAnd VjPerforming a crossover operation, as shown in the following formula, to produce a new individual Uj；
Wherein,
represents UjThe elements of the interior are, in addition,
represents VjThe elements of the interior are, in addition,
denotes SjInternal elements, j 1, 2, NP, L1, 21+L2，
Representing random numbers between (0,1) subject to a positive distribution;
step 5-3-6: judging whether an element is present
Or
If yes, the new individual U is treatedjCarrying out boundary condition processing as shown in the following formula, otherwise, finishing the cross operation;
wherein L represents an element
Lower limit of the value range of (1), U represents an element
Upper limit of the value range of (1);
step 5-4: each new is calculated according to equation (14)Body UjIs recorded as f (U)j) (ii) a Comparison f (U)j) And f (S)j) And updating the individuals; for updated individual set S1，S2，...，SNPRepeatedly executing the step 5-3-1 to the step 5-3-6 until a stop condition is met;
step 5-5: in the final individual set S1，S2，...，SNPSelect the objective function value f (S)j) Smallest individual S*And calling the individual translation strategy of discrete decoding to decode to obtain the final optimal decision scheme of the contract process.
Step 6: according to the optimal decision scheme of the contract process obtained in the step 5, executing the conversion process of the main and auxiliary contract processes, and compiling a production plan and organizing production according to the converted main contract process;
the main and auxiliary process conversion of the contract comprises the following substeps:
step 6-1: determining that the process corresponding to the problem solution obtained in the step 5 is the only main process of the contract; setting the rest of the processes obtained in the step 3 as sub-processes;
step 6-2: the shortage of each procedure and the stock of each stock area of the contract are converted into the main procedure.
The invention provides a method for setting and automatically converting a main process of a contract of an iron and steel enterprise, which establishes a mathematical model of the distribution relation of the contract on a unit by determining the adaptation relation between the contract requirements of customers and unit parameters, adopts an algorithm framework based on a population evolution strategy by taking the model as an accurate calculation basis under the condition of ensuring process constraint, designs a solution algorithm of a chromosome enough manufacturing strategy of discrete coding (decoding), decodes the algorithm result to determine a process distribution scheme of each contract, and finally executes main and auxiliary process conversion operation to realize the integral optimization of the contract process. The method provided by the invention can balance the capacity allocation between the steelmaking and hot rolling parallel units, coordinate the feeding relation of the steelmaking and hot rolling processes, reduce cross logistics, improve the utilization rate of equipment and reduce the production and inventory costs.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A method for setting and automatically converting a main process of a contract of a steel enterprise is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: determining technological parameters of continuous casting equipment and hot rolling equipment;
the technological parameters of the continuous casting equipment comprise the structural layout of the continuous casting equipment, the basic daily productivity of each continuous casting equipment, maintenance information, a casting width allowable range, the thickness of a crystallizer and an adjustment allowable width range;
the technological parameters of the hot rolling equipment comprise the structural layout of the hot rolling equipment, the basic daily capacity of each hot rolling equipment, maintenance information, the allowed maximum rolling width, the allowed maximum rolling thickness and the maximum width pressure measurement;
step 2: acquiring contract specification parameters, wherein the contract specification parameters comprise a preferred steel type of a contract, a contract delivery date, a contract delivery type, a contract refining mode, a contract state, a contract ordering width, a contract ordering thickness, a contract ordering weight, upper and lower limits of a rated width of a plate blank corresponding to the contract, upper and lower limits of a rated length, a rated thickness of the plate blank and upper and lower limits of a rated weight of the plate blank;
the contract delivery types comprise delivery by week, delivery by month and delivery by quarter;
and step 3: determining a preferential adaptation relationship between the contract and the equipment: establishing an adaptation relation between the contract and the equipment in a form of entity set according to the process parameters of the continuous casting equipment, the process parameters of the hot rolling equipment and the contract specification parameters obtained in the step 1; determining a preferential adaptation relation between the contract and the equipment on the basis of a logistics balance principle according to the established adaptation relation between the contract and the equipment;
and 4, step 4: for a given full-process production contract, establishing a mathematical model to quantitatively describe the contract process selection problem, wherein the quantitative description comprises the setting of decision variables, the selection of constraint conditions and the determination of a target function;
and 5: designing a population evolution algorithm based on discrete coding/decoding to solve the mathematical model in the step 4 so as to obtain an optimal decision scheme of the contract process;
the discrete encoding/decoding is used for constructing population individuals, and one individual of the population corresponds to one solution of the problem;
individual construction strategy for discrete encoding: is provided (L)1+L2) Dimension vector
Representing one solution to the problem, the vector S is specified as follows:
one is specified: the vector dimension is determined by the number of contracts, i.e., equation (15) is satisfied:
L1＝|N|+|P|，L2＝|N| (15)
provision of two: the value range of the vector elements is determined by the equipment number of the continuous casting process or the hot rolling process, namely the vector elements meet the formulas (16) and (17):
wherein N and P respectively represent a contract set subjected to the continuous casting-hot rolling process and a contract set subjected to only the hot rolling process, and Ω1、Ω2A set of facilities respectively representing a continuous casting process and a hot rolling process;
individual translation strategies for discrete decoding: any element a in the vector SlOr bmCorresponding to step 4The mathematical model variable x inijOr yijA row index i and a column index j of 1, i.e.: i is equal to l, and l is equal to l,
wherein
Denotes a is not more than alThe smallest integer of (a);
step 6: according to the optimal decision scheme of the contract process obtained in the step 5, executing the conversion process of the main and auxiliary contract processes, and compiling a production plan and organizing production according to the converted main contract process;
the main and auxiliary process conversion of the contract comprises the following substeps:
step 6-1: determining that the process corresponding to the problem solution obtained in the step 5 is the only main process of the contract; setting the rest of the processes obtained in the step 3 as sub-processes;
step 6-2: the shortage of each procedure and the stock of each stock area of the contract are converted into the main procedure.
2. The method for setting and automatically converting a main process of a contract of an iron and steel enterprise according to claim 1, wherein: the step 2 of determining the preferred steel grade is selected by comparing the expected content of the main chemical elements in the contract with the content of the main chemical elements in all the steel grades, namely calculating the difference between the expected content of the main chemical elements in the contract i and the g content and delta of the main chemical elements in any steel grade through a formula (1)igThen specifies ΔigThe steel grade with the minimum value is the preferred steel grade of contract i;
wherein,
and
the upper and lower limit requirements of the chemical element e contained in the steel grade g are met; r iseiIndicates the desired content, E, of the chemical element E contained in contract iiRepresenting the set of chemical elements to be tested for contract i.
3. The method for setting and automatically converting a main process of a contract of an iron and steel enterprise according to claim 1, wherein: the step 3 of establishing the adaptation relationship between the contract and the equipment in the form of an entity set is realized by a method of describing process limits of the production process of the continuous casting-hot rolling procedure as constraint conditions of a mathematical model, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 3-1: respectively establishing process constraints of a device and contract set relationship, as shown in formulas (2) and (3), namely: given the jth equipment of a continuous casting process, a contract set that can be processed on that equipment is determined
Given the jth plant of a hot rolling process, a contract set is determined that can be processed on that plant
Wherein N and P respectively represent a contract set subjected to the continuous casting-hot rolling process and a contract set subjected to only the hot rolling process, and Ω1、Ω2Set of facilities respectively representing a continuous casting process and a hot rolling process, wiAnd hiRespectively representing the rated width and the rated thickness of the plate blank corresponding to the contract i;
respectively represents the upper limit and the lower limit of the rolling width of the jth device in the continuous casting process,
respectively represents the upper limit and the lower limit of the rolling width of the j-th equipment of the hot rolling process,
respectively represents the rolling thickness of the j-th equipment of the continuous casting process and the hot rolling process, djThe maximum width side pressure of the jth equipment in the hot rolling process is shown;
step 3-2: respectively establishing process constraints of a contract and equipment set relation, as shown in formulas (4) and (5), namely: given a contract i, determining the optional equipment set of the contract i in the continuous casting process
And optional equipment set of hot rolling process
And completing the establishment of the adaptation relation between the contract and the equipment in the form of entity set.
4. The method for setting and automatically converting a main process of a contract of an iron and steel enterprise according to claim 3, wherein: in the step 3, the determination of the preferred adaptation relationship between the contract and the equipment is performed by mapping the coordination relationship between the continuous casting process and the hot rolling process, which is produced by the continuous casting process, and the hot rolling process, into the operation rule according to the established adaptation relationship between the contract and the equipment on the basis of the logistics balance principle, wherein the operation rule is as follows:
rule one is as follows: if the linear material flow exists, selecting the manufacturing process corresponding to the linear material flow as a main process, and selecting the rest material flow as a secondary process; if a plurality of linear material flows exist, selecting the manufacturing process corresponding to the continuous casting equipment with the largest basic daily production capacity as a main process, and selecting the rest material flows as auxiliary processes;
rule two: if no straight-line material flow exists and a plurality of cross material flows exist, selecting the manufacturing process corresponding to the continuous casting equipment with the largest basic daily output as a main process, and selecting the rest material flows as auxiliary processes;
rule three: if no straight-line material flow exists and a plurality of cross material flows exist, selecting the manufacturing process corresponding to the hot rolling equipment with the maximum basic daily energy production as a main process, and selecting the rest material flows as auxiliary processes;
the linear material flows in the rule I, the rule II and the rule III are material flows which are used for directly enabling the hot-charged plate blank after passing through the continuous casting equipment to directly enter a heating furnace of the hot rolling equipment through a roller way for subsequent processing; the cross material flow refers to material flow of the hot-charged plate blank after passing through the continuous casting equipment, which is transported to a heating furnace of hot rolling equipment for subsequent processing by using a trolley after the plate blank needs to be subjected to offline cooling treatment.
5. The method for setting and automatically converting a main process of a contract of an iron and steel enterprise according to claim 4, wherein: the setting of the decision variables in step 4 includes:
(a) setting the 0-1 decision variable xij(ii) a When the j equipment of the continuous casting process is selected as the main process of the contract continuous casting process in the contract i, xijThe value is 1; otherwise xijThe value is 0;
(b) setting the 0-1 decision variable yij(ii) a When j equipment of the hot rolling procedure is selected as the main procedure of the contract hot rolling procedure in the contract i, yijThe value is 1; otherwise yijThe value is 0;
the constraint conditions in the step 4 comprise:
(c) establishing a contract and a technological constraint of main process limit of continuous casting process equipment and a technological constraint of main process limit of hot rolling process equipment, which are respectively shown in formulas (6) and (7), namely, only one device can be selected as a main process of the contract in the continuous casting process and only one device can be selected as a main process of the contract in the continuous casting and hot rolling process;
(d) establishing process constraints of capacity limitation of continuous casting-hot rolling process equipment, wherein the process constraints are represented by formulas (8) to (11), namely, the total contract amount processed on each equipment in the continuous casting-hot rolling process is limited to be close to the expected weight of each equipment; the excess part and the deficiency part are both within a set error range;
wherein,
and
respectively the parts of the continuous casting process equipment with the total processing amount exceeding and falling short of the expected weight,
and
the parts of the total processing contract quantity exceeding and falling below the expected weight on the equipment of the hot rolling procedure respectively;
is the weight expected from the continuous casting process equipment as a percentage of the total weight contract,
is the weight percentage of the expected weight of the hot rolling process equipment to the total weight of the contract,
the total amount of the processing customer contract on the continuous casting process equipment exceeds and falls short of the upper limit of the expected weight part,
the total amount of the processed customer contract on the hot rolling process equipment exceeds and falls below the upper limit of the expected weight part, qiIs contract demand shortfall;
the objective function in step 4 comprises:
(e) minimizing the total cross-stream contract weight, as shown below;
(f) minimizing deviation of the total processing contract amount and the expected weight on each equipment of the continuous casting process and the hot rolling process, which is shown in the following formula;
(g) linearly weighting a plurality of objective functions expressed by the formulas (12) and (13) to obtain a final objective function as shown in the formula (14);
wherein λ is1、λ2、λ3∈[0,1]Weight coefficients, λ, representing different objective functions1+λ2+λ3＝1。
6. The method for setting and automatically converting a main process of a contract of an iron and steel enterprise according to claim 4, wherein: the population evolution algorithm based on discrete encoding/decoding in the step 5 is realized by adopting a basic framework of a differential evolution algorithm, and the specific sub-steps are as follows:
step 5-1: initializing algorithm parameters; the method comprises the steps of calculating the maximum iteration times maxIter, calculating the population size NP, the variation coefficient F, the selection coefficient CR, the best solution BestV of the algorithm history, and the current iteration times iter being 0;
step 5-2: initializing a population; NP initial individuals are randomly generated, and the idx-th individual is represented as
Wherein
First, the solution S is checked according to the constraint equations (6) and (7)jFeasibility, if not feasible, performing targeted repair on the solution according to the conflict reason; then, all individuals in the population are translated into corresponding problem solutions according to a discrete decoding individual translation strategy, and corresponding adaptive values of all the individuals are calculated according to a formula (14) and are marked as f (a)Sj) (ii) a The individual with the minimum adaptation value is called an optimal individual, and the adaptation value of the optimal individual is BestV;
step 5-3: performing mutation operation and cross operation on each individual in the population, wherein the specific sub-steps are as follows:
step 5-3-1: set of individuals { S }1，S2，…，SNPSelecting three individuals S different from the target individualjAnd different individuals Sr1,Sr2,Sr3I.e., j ≠ r1 ≠ r2 ≠ r 3;
step 5-3-2: from an evenly distributed real number interval [ j/NP,1]Randomly generating a variation step size factor Fj；
Step 5-3-3: the individual Sj,Sr1,Sr2，Sr3Performing difference operation to obtain individual V after mutation operationjAs shown in the following formula;
Vj＝Sr1+Fj(Sr2-Sr3) (18)
step 5-3-4: from an evenly distributed real number interval [ j/NP,1]Randomly generating a cross probability factor CR for each element of the individual matrixl；
Step 5-3-5: each pair of individuals SjAnd VjPerforming a crossover operation, as shown in the following formula, to produce a new individual Uj；
Wherein,
represents UjThe elements of the interior are, in addition,
represents VjThe elements of the interior are, in addition,
denotes SjInternal elements, j-1, 2, …, NP, L-1, 2, …, L1+L2，
Representing random numbers between (0,1) subject to a positive distribution;
step 5-3-6: judging whether an element is present
Or
If yes, the new individual U is treatedjCarrying out boundary condition processing as shown in the following formula, otherwise, finishing the cross operation;
wherein L represents an element
Lower limit of the value range of (1), U represents an element
Upper limit of the value range of (1);
step 5-4: calculating each new individual U according to formula (14)jIs recorded as f (U)j) (ii) a Comparison f (U)j) And f (S)j) And updating the individuals; for updated individual set S1，S2，…，SNPRepeatedly executing the step 5-3-1 to the step 5-3-6 until a stop condition is met;
step 5-5: in the final individual set S1，S2，…，SNPSelect the objective function value f (S)j) Smallest individual S*And calling the individual translation strategy of discrete decoding to decode to obtain the final optimal decision scheme of the contract process.
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