CN108873502B - Liquid crystal display device and method of fabricating the same - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display device and method of fabricating the same Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
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Abstract
The present application relates to a liquid crystal display device and a method of manufacturing the same. The liquid crystal display device comprises a first substrate, a second substrate opposite to the first substrate, a color filter layer positioned on one side of the first substrate close to the second substrate, a first transparent conducting layer positioned on one side of the color filter layer close to the second substrate, a shading element array extending from the first transparent conducting layer to the direction close to the second substrate, a second transparent conducting layer positioned on one side of the second substrate close to the shading element array, and a liquid crystal layer positioned between the first transparent conducting layer and the second transparent conducting layer. The second transparent conducting layer comprises a plurality of common electrodes, each common electrode comprises a plurality of annular sub-electrodes, and the projections of each sub-electrode and the shading element array on the first substrate are not overlapped with each other.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a liquid crystal display device and a preparation method thereof.
Background
A liquid crystal display device is a flat and ultra-thin display device, which is composed of a certain number of color or black and white pixels and is placed in front of a light source or a reflecting surface. Liquid crystal displays are very low power consuming and are therefore favored by engineers for use in battery-operated electronic devices. The main principle is that the current stimulates the liquid crystal molecules to generate points, lines and surfaces which are matched with the back lamp tube to form a picture.
The working principle of the liquid crystal display is as follows: a liquid crystal is a special substance between a solid and a liquid, which is an organic compound, normally in a liquid state, but its molecular arrangement is very regular as a solid crystal, and therefore, a liquid crystal is named, and another special property thereof is that if an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal, its molecular arrangement is changed, and at this time, if a polarizing plate is fitted thereto, it has a function of blocking light from passing therethrough (light can pass smoothly without applying an electric field), and if a color filter is fitted thereto, the magnitude of a voltage applied to the liquid crystal is changed, and the amount of light transmission of a certain color can be changed, and it can also be said that the transmittance thereof can be changed by changing the voltage applied across the liquid crystal (but in practice, this must be fitted to a polarizing plate).
In recent years, with the development of liquid crystal molecular display (LCD) technology, the performance requirements of liquid crystal display devices are becoming higher and higher. A Vertical Alignment (VA) mode liquid crystal display is increasingly used in various fields because of having higher contrast, wider viewing angle, and better visual effect. The VA mode liquid crystal display includes a first substrate formed with a pixel electrode, a second substrate formed with a common electrode, and liquid crystal molecules interposed between the first and second substrates. In order to realize wider display viewing angle distribution of the LCD device, a pixel electrode on a first substrate is patterned to form a Slit (Slit) on the pixel electrode, so as to divide the same pixel electrode into different regions. The pixel electrodes in different areas have different voltage distributions, so that the inclination degree of the liquid crystal molecules corresponding to each area is different, the display domain number of the liquid crystal molecules is increased, multi-domain display is realized, and the display visual angle is enlarged. However, since the pixel circuit formed on the first substrate further includes a Thin Film Transistor (TFT), a storage capacitor (Cst), and the like, the structure thereof is complicated, and the process of forming the patterned pixel electrode thereon is complicated and may affect other circuit structures, which may affect the stability of the performance of the liquid crystal display device.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving the above problems and to providing a liquid crystal display device and a method for fabricating the same.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a liquid crystal display device, comprising:
a first substrate;
a second substrate opposite to the first substrate;
the color filter layer is positioned on one side of the first substrate close to the second substrate;
the first transparent conducting layer comprises a plurality of pixel electrodes in a whole surface shape and is positioned on one side of the color filter layer close to the second substrate;
the shading element array comprises a plurality of shading elements arranged in an array, and each shading element extends from the first transparent conductive layer to the direction close to the second substrate;
the second transparent conducting layer is positioned on one side, close to the shading element array, of the second substrate and comprises a plurality of common electrodes, each common electrode comprises a plurality of annular sub-electrodes, and the projections of the sub-electrodes and the shading element array on the first substrate are not overlapped with each other; and
and the liquid crystal layer is positioned between the first transparent conducting layer and the second transparent conducting layer.
In one embodiment, the array of light shielding elements includes a plurality of first light shielding elements and a plurality of second light shielding elements, the projections of the plurality of first light shielding elements on the first substrate are located between the projections of two adjacent pixel electrodes, the projections of the plurality of second light shielding elements on the first substrate are located within each pixel electrode, each first light shielding element includes a first light shielding unit and a first protruding unit extending from the first light shielding unit to the second transparent conductive layer, and each second light shielding element includes a second light shielding unit and a second protruding unit extending from the second light shielding unit to the second transparent conductive layer.
In one embodiment, the outer surface of the first protrusion unit is at an acute angle with respect to the first transparent conductive layer, and the outer surface of the second protrusion unit is also at an acute angle with respect to the first transparent conductive layer.
In one embodiment, the plurality of first shading elements are different in size.
In one embodiment, the plurality of second shading elements are different in size.
In one embodiment, the plurality of sub-electrodes of each common electrode are electrically connected.
In one embodiment, the plurality of sub-electrodes of the plurality of common electrodes are arranged in an array, each sub-electrode is provided with an opening in the center to form a plurality of opening rows and a plurality of opening columns, the shading element array comprises a plurality of shading element rows and a plurality of shading element columns, each shading element row is located between two adjacent opening rows, and each shading element column is located between two adjacent opening columns.
In one embodiment, each row of shading elements has the same distance with two adjacent rows of openings, and each column of shading elements has the same distance with two adjacent columns of openings.
A liquid crystal display device, comprising:
a first substrate;
a filter layer formed over the first substrate;
the pixel electrodes are formed above the filter layer, and each pixel electrode is in a whole surface shape;
a plurality of protrusions formed over the filter layer;
the second substrate is positioned above the first substrate and is opposite to the first substrate;
the plurality of common electrodes are formed below the second substrate, each common electrode comprises a plurality of sub-electrodes which are electrically connected, the projections of the protrusion parts and the sub-electrodes on the first substrate are not overlapped with each other, an opening is formed in the middle of each sub-electrode, and the openings in the plurality of sub-electrodes are crossed with the plurality of protrusion parts; and
and the liquid crystal molecules are arranged between the pixel electrodes and the common electrodes.
A method of fabricating a liquid crystal display device, comprising:
providing a first substrate;
forming a filter layer over the first substrate;
forming a plurality of pixel electrodes above the filter layer, wherein each pixel electrode is in a whole surface shape;
forming a plurality of protrusions over the filter layer;
providing a second substrate;
a plurality of common electrodes are formed below the second substrate, each common electrode comprises a plurality of sub-electrodes which are electrically connected, and each sub-electrode is provided with an opening;
attaching the second substrate above the first substrate, so that the projections of the protrusions and the sub-electrodes on the first substrate do not overlap with each other, and the openings in the sub-electrodes intersect with the protrusions; and
liquid crystal molecules are filled between the pixel electrodes and the common electrodes.
Compared with the prior art, in the liquid crystal display device and the preparation method thereof, the opening is formed on the common electrode, so that the common electrode on the same sub-pixel area is divided into a plurality of areas, and each area has different voltage distribution due to the influence of the opening, so that the liquid crystal molecules in each area are different in inclined distribution, and the display visual angle is further enlarged; meanwhile, each pixel electrode is in a whole surface shape, the process is simple, and the circuit structure on the first substrate is effectively protected, so that the performance of the liquid crystal display device is stable.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic top view of a pixel region of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a light shielding member of a liquid crystal display device according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a sub-electrode of a liquid crystal display device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a sub-electrode of a liquid crystal display device according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Directional phrases used in connection with the present invention, such as "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "side," and the like, refer only to the orientation of the appended drawings. Accordingly, the directional terms used are used for explanation and understanding of the present invention, and are not used for limiting the present invention. For understanding and ease of description, the size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily illustrated, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
It will be understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region or substrate is referred to as being "on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. In addition, in the description, unless explicitly described to the contrary, the word "comprise" will be understood to mean that the recited components are included, but not to exclude any other components. Further, in the specification, "on … …" means above or below the target component, and does not mean that it must be on top based on gravity.
The technical solutions provided by the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the liquid crystal display device 10 provided in the present embodiment includes a first substrate 100, a color filter layer 200, a first transparent conductive layer 300, a light shielding element array 400, a second substrate 500, a second transparent conductive layer 600, and a liquid crystal layer 700. The first substrate 100 and the second substrate 500 are opposite to each other. The color filter layer 200 is located on a side of the first substrate 100 close to the second substrate 500. The first transparent conductive layer 300 includes a plurality of pixel electrodes 301 in a full surface shape, and is located on one side of the color filter layer 200 close to the second substrate 500. The light blocking element array 400 includes a plurality of light blocking elements arranged in an array, and each light blocking element extends from the first transparent conductive layer 300 to a direction close to the second substrate 500. The second transparent conductive layer 600 is located on one side of the second substrate 500 close to the light shielding element array 400, and a distance exists between the second transparent conductive layer 600 and the light shielding element array 400. The second transparent conductive layer 600 includes a plurality of common electrodes 610, each common electrode 610 includes a plurality of annular sub-electrodes 611, and each sub-electrode 611 does not overlap with the projection of the light shielding element array 400 on the first substrate 100. The liquid crystal layer 700 is located between the first transparent conductive layer 300 and the second transparent conductive layer 600 and includes a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 701.
In the present embodiment, the color filter layer 200 and the light shielding element array 400 are formed on the first substrate 100, but the color filter layer 200 and/or the light shielding element array 400 may also be formed on the second substrate 500 in the liquid crystal display device 10 of other embodiments, which is not limited herein. However, when the filter layer 200 is formed on the second substrate 500, the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 500 are aligned by bonding, and a light leakage phenomenon due to misalignment is easily caused, so that the filter layer 200 is formed on the first substrate 100 in this embodiment, that is, a color filter on TFT (COT) structure is formed, which effectively improves the above technical problem, that is, the COT can effectively reduce the alignment deviation between the filter layer 200 and the pixel electrode 301, and improve the light leakage phenomenon.
The first substrate 100 includes a base 101 and a circuit structure 102 formed on the base. The substrate 101 may be a glass substrate or a plastic substrate. The circuit structure 102 is generally formed of a metal conductive layer by a chemical etching technique, and includes a plurality of scan signal lines, a plurality of data signal lines, and a plurality of pixel circuits. The plurality of scanning signal lines are sequentially arranged in parallel along a first direction, the plurality of data signal lines are sequentially arranged in parallel along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the plurality of scanning signal lines and the plurality of data signal lines are arranged on different layers so as to be vertically crossed but insulated from each other. The scanning signal lines and the data signal lines are crossed to define a plurality of pixel areas, and a pixel circuit is formed in each pixel area. Each pixel circuit includes a Thin Film Transistor (TFT), a storage capacitor (Cst), and the like. The thin film transistor is of a top gate type or a bottom gate type. Here, a bottom gate type thin film transistor is exemplified, which includes a patterned gate electrode formed on a substrate, a gate insulating layer covering the gate electrode, a semiconductor active layer formed on the gate insulating layer and facing the gate electrode, and source and drain electrodes formed at both ends of the active layer. The switching TFT and the driving TFT are provided in the same pixel. The grid electrode of the driving TFT is electrically connected with the drain electrode of the switching TFT, and simultaneously, the grid electrode of the driving TFT is also electrically connected with the scanning signal line. The source electrode of the driving TFT is electrically connected with the data signal line. The drain of the driving TFT is electrically connected to the pixel electrode 301, and the driving TFT drives the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules 701 in each sub-pixel region between the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 500.
The color filter layer 200 is formed on the first substrate 100. The color filter layer 200 includes n color-resistant units 201 with different colors, where adjacent color-resistant units 201 have different colors, and n is an integer greater than 2. The color resistance units of different colors are optical filters expressing various colors, and can accurately select light waves in a small-range wave band to be passed through and reflect other wave bands which are not desired to be passed through. The color resistance unit is arranged in front of the light source, so that human eyes can receive saturated certain color light. The color resistance units of various colors are respectively positioned in the sub-pixel regions of various colors, and are used for filtering the wavelength of light passing through the sub-pixel regions to present different colors, so that the full-color display of the liquid crystal display device is realized. The filter layer 200 in this embodiment includes color-resisting units 201 of three colors, i.e., a red color-resisting unit R, a green color-resisting unit G, and a blue color-resisting unit B, and full-color display is realized by the mutual cooperation of the color-resisting units 201 of the three colors, although the colors and the types of the color-resisting units 201 included in other embodiments may be different from those of this embodiment.
The first transparent conductive layer 300 is formed on the filter layer 200 and includes a plurality of pixel electrodes 301 in a planar shape. Each pixel electrode 301 corresponds to one color resistance unit 201. A plurality of conductive vias (not shown) are formed in the filter layer 200, and each pixel electrode 301 is electrically connected to the drain electrode of the driving TFT on the TFT substrate through each conductive via. The pixel electrode 301 in each sub-pixel region drives the liquid crystal molecules 701 in each sub-pixel region to rotate by the driving TFT. The first transparent conductive layer 300 is formed of a transparent conductive material such as indium tin oxide or indium zinc oxide. Meanwhile, in the embodiment of the present invention, each pixel electrode 301 is in a full-surface shape, that is, the pixel electrode 301 in each sub-pixel region is a complete transparent conductive layer, and patterning of the transparent conductive layer in each sub-pixel region is not required, so that the formation process of the pixel electrode 301 is simplified, the circuit structure on the first substrate 100 can be effectively protected, and the performance of the liquid crystal display device is stable.
The light blocking element array 400 includes a plurality of light blocking elements arranged in an array, each of which extends from the first transparent conductive layer 300 to a direction close to the second substrate 500 to form a protruding structure, that is, each of the light blocking elements is a protruding portion. A plurality of scan signal lines and a plurality of data signal lines formed in parallel on the TFT substrate form a metal trace shading area on the first substrate 100. In the embodiment of the invention, since the pixel electrodes 301 in each sub-pixel region are all in a whole surface shape, an abnormal liquid crystal molecule guiding region may be formed in the pixel electrodes 301 due to non-uniform electric field distribution. In the present embodiment, the light-shielding element as the protrusion is located in the metal trace light-shielding region and the liquid crystal molecule abnormal guiding region, and it should be noted that the metal trace light-shielding region and the liquid crystal molecule abnormal guiding region are a three-dimensional region extending across the liquid crystal display device, and are not meant to be only on the first substrate 100 or the first transparent conductive layer 300.
The plurality of light blocking elements of the light blocking element array 400 constitute a plurality of light blocking element rows and a plurality of light blocking element columns. Specifically, the shading element array 400 includes a plurality of first shading elements 410 and a plurality of second shading elements 420. The projections of the plurality of first light blocking elements 410 on the first substrate 100 are located between the projections of the adjacent two pixel electrodes 301, and the projections of the plurality of second light blocking elements 420 on the first substrate 100 are located within each pixel electrode 301. Each of the first light shielding elements 410 includes a first light shielding unit 411 and a first protrusion unit 412 extending from the first light shielding unit 411 to the second transparent conductive layer 600, and each of the second light shielding elements 420 includes a second light shielding unit 421 and a second protrusion unit 422 extending from the second light shielding unit 421 to the second transparent conductive layer 600. The outer surface of the first protrusion unit 412 is at an acute angle with respect to the first transparent conductive layer 600, and the outer surface of the second protrusion unit 422 is also at an acute angle with respect to the first transparent conductive layer 600.
That is, the plurality of first light shielding members 410 are located at the end portions of the adjacent two color resistance units 201. The end portions of two adjacent color-resisting units 201 belong to the metal wiring area, so the first light-shielding element 410 is located in the metal wiring area, and the normal light emission of the display device is not affected by the arrangement of the first light-shielding element 410. The first light shielding member 410 includes a first light shielding unit 411 and a first protrusion unit 412 formed above the first light shielding unit 411. The first light shielding unit 411 is equivalent to a black matrix of a conventional lcd device, and is located between two adjacent color resistance units 201 to prevent light that should enter a certain sub-pixel region from entering other adjacent sub-pixel regions, which may cause crosstalk, and further affect the color contrast of the lcd device 10. The outer surface of the first protrusion unit 412 has a certain inclination angle with respect to the pixel electrode 301. Therefore, when no voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 301 and the common electrode 601, the liquid crystal molecules 701 between the pixel electrode 301 and the common electrode have a pre-tilt angle with the tilt of the outer surface of the first protrusion 412. When voltages are applied to the pixel electrode 301 and the common electrode 601, the liquid crystal molecules 701 are subjected to an electric field, and the liquid crystal molecules 701 near the first protrusion unit 412 have a certain pre-tilt angle, so that other liquid crystal molecules 701 can be rapidly driven to rotate, and the tilt angles of the liquid crystal molecules 701 in different directions around the first protrusion unit 412 after rotation are different, and the display characteristics of the pixel are the result of spatial integral averaging, so that the arrangement of the first protrusion unit 412 enables the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display device 10 to be wider.
The second light shielding element 420 has the same structure as the first light shielding element 410, and includes a second black light shielding unit 421 and a second protrusion unit 422 formed on the second black light shielding unit 421. The second light shielding element 420 is located in the molecular abnormal guiding region between two adjacent first light shielding elements 410, so that the influence of the shielding of the second light shielding element 420 on the normal light emission can be prevented. While the second light shielding member 420 is located at the molecular anomaly guide region inside each pixel electrode 301, i.e., inside each pixel electrode 301. The outer surface of the second protrusion unit 422 also has a certain inclination angle with respect to the pixel electrode 301, and like the first protrusion unit 412, when voltages are applied to the pixel electrode 301 and the common electrode 601, the inclination angles of the liquid crystal molecules 701 in different directions around the second protrusion unit 422 after rotation are different, so that the display difference of the same sub-pixel region is small when viewed at different viewing angles, and the display viewing angle of the liquid crystal display device 10 is increased.
In the light blocking element array 400, each light blocking element row is composed of first light blocking elements 410 and second light blocking elements 420 arranged alternately, and the plurality of light blocking element columns include first light blocking element columns and second light blocking element columns arranged alternately.
The first light shielding unit 411 of this embodiment is made of the same material as the first protrusion unit 412. The second light shielding member 420 is the same material as the first light shielding member 410. Therefore, the method for forming the light-shielding element array 400 of the present embodiment includes: after depositing a black matrix material on the color filter layer 200, a photoresist is coated on the black matrix material, the photoresist is exposed through a patterned Gray Tone Mask (GTM) or Half Tone Mask (HTM), the exposed photoresist and the black matrix material are etched, and finally the photoresist is stripped. Thus, the light shielding units 411 and 421 and the protrusion units 412 and 422 with different thicknesses can be formed, and the process is simple. Of course, the forming method of the light blocking element array 400 according to other embodiments of the present invention may also be different from that of the present embodiment, for example, the first light blocking element 410 and the second light blocking element 420 are formed separately; alternatively, after the first light shielding unit 411 and the second light shielding unit 421 are simultaneously formed, the first protrusion unit 412 and the second protrusion unit 422 are simultaneously formed through a single exposure, development and etching process. The materials of the light shielding units 411 and 421 and the protrusion units 412 and 422 may also be different.
The structure of the light-shielding element array 400 according to other embodiments of the present invention may also be different from that of the present embodiment, for example, the second light-shielding element 420 may not include the second black light-shielding unit 421 and only include the second protrusion unit 422, which may also have the function of expanding the viewing angle, the second light-shielding unit 421 is formed for convenience of processing, the thicknesses of the first light-shielding elements 410 may also be different, and a portion of the first light-shielding element 410 may be supported between the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 500, specifically between the first transparent conductive layer 300 and the second transparent conductive layer 600, so as to maintain the liquid crystal cell thickness. The first protrusion 412 and the second protrusion 422 of the present embodiment have a circular truncated cone shape. In other embodiments, the first light shielding element 410 and the second light shielding element 420 may also be hemispherical, ellipsoidal, or the like, as shown in fig. 3, as long as the outer surfaces thereof have a certain inclination angle with respect to the pixel electrode 301. That is, the shape of the light shielding member as the protrusion portion is not limited.
The second substrate 500 is located above the first substrate 100 and is opposite to the first substrate 100, and is a transparent substrate, such as a glass substrate or a plastic substrate, and light of the liquid crystal display device is emitted from the transparent second substrate 500.
The second transparent conductive layer 600 is located on one side of the second substrate 500 close to the light shielding element array 400, and has a distance with the light shielding element array 400. The second transparent conductive layer 600 is made of a transparent conductive material such as indium tin oxide or indium zinc oxide, and includes a plurality of common electrodes 610. The plurality of common electrodes 610 correspond to the plurality of color resistance units 201 one to one. Each common electrode 610 includes a plurality of electrically connected ring-shaped sub-electrodes 611, that is, two adjacent sub-electrodes 611 are electrically connected through an electrode line 612, and an opening 601 is formed in the middle of each sub-electrode 611. The openings 601 divide the common electrode 610 in the same sub-pixel region into a plurality of regions, and when a voltage is applied, each region has a different voltage distribution due to the influence of the openings 601, so that the liquid crystal molecules 701 in each region have different tilt distributions, thereby enlarging the display viewing angle. Each sub-electrode 611 does not overlap with the projection of the light blocking element array 400 on the first substrate 100, i.e., the projection of the protrusion and the sub-electrode 611 on the first substrate 100 do not overlap with each other. In this way, each light shielding element does not affect the normal application of voltage to the liquid crystal molecules 701 between each sub-electrode 611 and the pixel electrode 301, so that the normal light emission of the device is not affected.
Meanwhile, the sub-electrodes 611 of the common electrode 610 are not uniformly distributed, and therefore, the sizes of the plurality of protrusions are not completely consistent. Specifically, the size of the protrusion between the two sub-electrodes 610 with a larger distance is larger, which has a larger effect on expanding the viewing angle, and the size of the protrusion between the two sub-electrodes 610 with a smaller distance is smaller, which has a smaller effect on expanding the viewing angle, so that the display effect can be more uniform. That is, the plurality of first light shielding elements 410 are different in size, the first light shielding element 410 positioned between two sub-electrodes 611 having a larger pitch in the projection of the first substrate 100 is also larger in size, and the first light shielding element 410 positioned between two sub-electrodes 611 having a smaller pitch in the projection of the first substrate 100 is also smaller in size. The sizes of the plurality of second light blocking elements 420 are also different, the size of the second light blocking element 420 positioned between the two sub-electrodes 611 having a larger pitch in the projection of the first substrate 100 is also larger, and the size of the second light blocking element 420 positioned between the two sub-electrodes 611 having a smaller pitch in the projection of the first substrate 100 is also smaller.
The opening 601 is located in the sub-electrode 611 between the two protrusions and intersects the protrusions. The apertures 601 intersect the protrusions to divide the display device into more regions. When voltages are applied to the pixel electrode 301 and the common electrode 601, the liquid crystal molecules 701 in each region are distributed in different inclination directions, so that the display viewing angle is increased more effectively, wide-viewing-angle display of the liquid crystal display device 10 is realized, and the device performance is improved.
The plurality of sub-electrodes 611 of the plurality of common electrodes 610 are arranged in an array, and an opening 601 is formed in the center of each sub-electrode 611, that is, the plurality of openings 601 are also arranged in an array, forming a plurality of opening rows and a plurality of opening columns. Specifically, the intersection refers to that the aperture array and the shading element array are distributed in a crossing manner, that is, each aperture row is located between two adjacent shading element rows, each aperture column is located between two adjacent shading element columns, each shading element row is located between two adjacent aperture rows, and each shading element column is located between two adjacent aperture columns. Optionally, the distance between each shading element row and two adjacent opening rows is the same, and the distance between each shading element column and two adjacent opening columns is the same.
In the present embodiment, each common electrode 610 includes 10 sub-electrodes 611, the 10 sub-electrodes 611 are arranged in a row two by two, wherein four sub-electrodes 611 adjacent to each other in two are connected by an electrode line 612 to form an electrode ring, and a projection of one second light shielding unit 420 on the first substrate 100 is located at the center of the projection of the electrode ring.
Of course, the distribution of the openings 601 and the position of the array of light-shielding elements 400 in other embodiments may be different from that in the present embodiment; the common electrode 610 may also be formed with a Spacer (Spacer) at the same time as the opening 601 is formed, and at this time, the opening 601 and the Spacer on the common electrode 610 and the array of light shielding elements formed on the first substrate 100 form a certain arrangement, which may also function to expand the viewing angle.
Since the display device finally emits light through the second substrate 500, and the common electrode 610 is formed on the second substrate 500, after the opening 601 is formed on the common electrode 610, reflection or absorption of light by the common electrode 610 can be reduced, and the aperture ratio of the display device is effectively improved. That is, the opening 601 on the common electrode 610 of the liquid crystal display device provided in the embodiment of the present invention can function to expand the viewing angle on one hand, and on the other hand, the opening ratio of the display device is effectively improved. The opening 601 is an elliptical hole and is disposed at the center of each sub-electrode 611, but the invention is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the sub-electrode 611 may have other structures. For example, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the shape of the sub-electrode 611 is not limited, and may be a rounded rectangle, a square, a circle, an ellipse, or other shapes; the open holes 601 can also be in other shapes, such as rectangular holes, square holes, circular holes, triangular holes and even holes with irregular patterns; moreover, more than one opening 601 may be disposed in the same sub-electrode 611.
Meanwhile, the common electrode 610 of the present embodiment includes a plurality of sub-electrodes 611 with smooth edges and rounded chamfers, so that the charges in each sub-electrode 611 can be distributed as required, and will not be concentrated on the edges. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the shape of the sub-electrode 611 may also be different from that of the present embodiment, and is not limited herein.
The liquid crystal molecules 701 are formed between the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 500, and specifically between the pixel electrode 301 and the common electrode 610. The liquid crystal molecules 701 may be divided into positive liquid crystal molecules and negative liquid crystal molecules. When an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal molecules having positive polarity, the long axis of the liquid crystal tends to be parallel to the direction of the electric field. When an external electric field is applied to the liquid crystal molecules with negative polarity, the long axis of the liquid crystal tends to be vertical to the direction of the electric field. Currently, VA mode liquid crystal display panels mainly use negative polarity liquid crystal molecules. The liquid crystal molecules of this embodiment are also negative liquid crystal molecules, when no voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 301 and the common electrode 610, the liquid crystal molecules 701 are arranged along the outer surface of the light-shielding outer member and tend to be perpendicular to the pixel electrode 301 and the common electrode 610, so that light does not pass through the second substrate 500, and the liquid crystal display device does not emit light; when a voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 301 and the common electrode 610, the liquid crystal molecules 701 rotate to approach to be parallel to the pixel electrode 301 and the common electrode 610, so that light can pass through the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 500 and be emitted, and the liquid crystal display device emits light. The liquid crystal molecules 701 of this embodiment are divided into several regions by the openings 601 formed on the common electrode 610 and the light shielding device array 400 formed above the filter layer 200, when voltages are applied to the pixel electrode 301 and the common electrode 610, the liquid crystal molecules 701 in different regions have different tilt states, so that the number of domains of the liquid crystal display is increased, the multi-domain display is realized, and the display viewing angle of the liquid crystal display device 10 is improved.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, so as to manufacture the liquid crystal display device 10. As shown in fig. 6, the method for manufacturing the liquid crystal display device includes the steps of:
s01, the first substrate 100 is provided.
S02, the filter layer 200 is formed over the first substrate 100.
S03, forming a first transparent conductive layer 300 over the filter layer 200, wherein the first transparent conductive layer 300 includes a plurality of pixel electrodes 301, and each pixel electrode 301 is a whole surface.
S04, the light blocking device array 400 is formed over the filter layer 200.
S05, providing the second substrate 500.
S06, forming a second transparent conductive layer 600 under the second substrate 500, wherein the second transparent conductive layer 600 includes a plurality of common electrodes 610, each common electrode 610 includes a plurality of electrically connected sub-electrodes 611, and an opening 601 is formed in each sub-electrode 611.
S07, the second substrate 500 is attached on the first substrate 100, such that the projections of the light shielding element array 400 and the sub-electrodes 611 on the first substrate 100 do not overlap each other, and the plurality of openings 601 intersect the plurality of light shielding elements.
S08, liquid crystal molecules are injected between the pixel electrodes 301 and the common electrode 610.
It should be noted that the sequence of the steps of the above preparation method is not unique, and can be adjusted according to actual situations.
The liquid crystal display device of the present embodiment includes, in addition to the above components: a polarizer (not shown), an alignment layer (not shown), and a backlight (not shown). The polarizers include a first polarizer formed on the first substrate 100 and a second polarizer formed on the second substrate 500. The polarization directions of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are parallel or vertical to each other. The alignment layer is a layer of organic polymer film formed on the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 500 on both sides of the liquid crystal layer 700, and is aligned by rubbing with a lint material at a high speed, the common material is polyimide resin, and the polyimide film layer generates a good alignment effect on the liquid crystal molecules 701 after rubbing. The backlight source improves the backlight brightness of the liquid crystal display device, improves the display effect, and can be used in the environment with or without external light.
In summary, in the liquid crystal display device 10 and the manufacturing method thereof provided by the embodiment of the invention, the opening 601 is formed on the common electrode 610, so that the common electrode 610 on the same sub-pixel region is divided into a plurality of regions, and each region has different voltage distributions due to the influence of the opening 601, so that the liquid crystal molecules 701 in each region have different tilt distributions, thereby enlarging the display viewing angle; meanwhile, each pixel electrode 301 is a whole surface, the process is simple, and the circuit structure on the first substrate 100 is effectively protected, so that the performance of the liquid crystal display device is stable.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A liquid crystal display device, comprising:
a first substrate;
a second substrate opposite to the first substrate;
the color filter layer is positioned on one side of the first substrate close to the second substrate;
the first transparent conducting layer comprises a plurality of pixel electrodes in a whole surface shape and is positioned on one side of the color filter layer close to the second substrate;
the shading element array comprises a plurality of shading elements arranged in an array, and each shading element extends from the first transparent conductive layer to the direction close to the second substrate;
the second transparent conducting layer is positioned on one side, close to the shading element array, of the second substrate and comprises a plurality of common electrodes, each common electrode comprises a plurality of annular sub-electrodes, and the projections of the sub-electrodes and the shading element array on the first substrate are not overlapped with each other; and
the liquid crystal layer is positioned between the first transparent conducting layer and the second transparent conducting layer;
the shading element array comprises a plurality of first shading elements and a plurality of second shading elements, the projections of the first shading elements on the first substrate are positioned between the projections of two adjacent pixel electrodes, the projections of the second shading elements on the first substrate are positioned in each pixel electrode, each first shading element comprises a first shading unit and a first protruding unit extending from the first shading unit to the second transparent conducting layer, and each second shading element comprises a second shading unit and a second protruding unit extending from the second shading unit to the second transparent conducting layer.
2. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein an outer surface of the first protrusion unit is at an acute angle with respect to the first transparent conductive layer, and an outer surface of the second protrusion unit is also at an acute angle with respect to the first transparent conductive layer.
3. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 2, wherein sizes of the plurality of first light shielding members are different.
4. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 2, wherein sizes of the plurality of second light shielding members are different.
5. The liquid crystal display device of claim 1, wherein the plurality of sub-electrodes of each common electrode are electrically connected.
6. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 5, wherein the plurality of sub-electrodes of the plurality of common electrodes are arranged in an array, each sub-electrode is provided with an opening at a center thereof to form a plurality of opening rows and a plurality of opening columns, the light blocking element array includes a plurality of light blocking element rows each located between two adjacent opening rows and a plurality of light blocking element columns each located between two adjacent opening columns.
7. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 6, wherein each of the light shielding element rows has the same pitch as two adjacent opening rows, and each of the light shielding element columns has the same pitch as two adjacent opening columns.
8. A liquid crystal display device, comprising:
a first substrate;
a filter layer formed over the first substrate;
the pixel electrodes are formed above the filter layer, and each pixel electrode is in a whole surface shape;
a plurality of protrusions formed over the filter layer;
the second substrate is positioned above the first substrate and is opposite to the first substrate;
the plurality of common electrodes are formed below the second substrate, each common electrode comprises a plurality of sub-electrodes which are electrically connected, the projections of the protrusion parts and the sub-electrodes on the first substrate are not overlapped with each other, an opening is formed in the middle of each sub-electrode, and the openings in the plurality of sub-electrodes are crossed with the plurality of protrusion parts; and
liquid crystal molecules between the pixel electrodes and the common electrodes;
the projections of the first projections on the first substrate are located between the projections of two adjacent pixel electrodes, the projections of the second projections on the first substrate are located in each pixel electrode, each first projection comprises a first shading unit and a first projection unit extending from the first shading unit to a plurality of common electrodes, and each second projection comprises a second shading unit and a second projection unit extending from the second shading unit to the plurality of common electrodes.
9. A method of fabricating a liquid crystal display device, comprising:
providing a first substrate;
forming a filter layer over the first substrate;
forming a plurality of pixel electrodes above the filter layer, wherein each pixel electrode is in a whole surface shape;
forming a plurality of protrusions over the filter layer;
providing a second substrate;
a plurality of common electrodes are formed below the second substrate, each common electrode comprises a plurality of sub-electrodes which are electrically connected, and each sub-electrode is provided with an opening;
attaching the second substrate above the first substrate, so that the projections of the protrusions and the sub-electrodes on the first substrate do not overlap with each other, and the openings in the sub-electrodes intersect with the protrusions; and
filling liquid crystal molecules between the pixel electrodes and the common electrodes;
the projections of the first projections on the first substrate are located between the projections of two adjacent pixel electrodes, the projections of the second projections on the first substrate are located in each pixel electrode, each first projection comprises a first shading unit and a first projection unit extending from the first shading unit to a plurality of common electrodes, and each second projection comprises a second shading unit and a second projection unit extending from the second shading unit to the plurality of common electrodes.
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| WO2011129191A1 (en) * | 2010-04-16 | 2011-10-20 | シャープ株式会社 | Liquid crystal display panel and liquid crystal display device |
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