CN108871725B - Correction method for wind tunnel experiment reference static pressure - Google Patents
Correction method for wind tunnel experiment reference static pressure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a correction method for wind tunnel experiment reference static pressure, which comprises (1) not putting a building model to be tested into a wind tunnel, measuring the static pressure and the wind speed along the wind direction of a P2 measuring point corresponding to the roof position of the building model to be tested and a P1 measuring point far away from the P2 measuring point under the same flowing down state, obtaining a relational expression of the average static pressure difference between the P1 measuring point and the P2 measuring point and the average wind speed along the wind direction of the P2 measuring point, (2) putting the building model to be tested, measuring the static pressure and the wind speed of the P1 measuring point and the total pressure of each measuring point on the building model to be tested, calculating the static pressure of the P2 measuring point at the moment by the relational expression, namely the reference wind pressure of the building model to be tested, calculating the relation between the reference static pressure and the total pressure of each measuring point, observing that each measuring point of the building model to be tested is influenced by the environment, and correcting the total pressure of each measuring point of the building model to be tested. The reference static pressure is obtained through calculation, the influence of peripheral interference is avoided, the measuring method is simple and convenient, the universality is achieved, and the method is applicable to the conditions of different building groups.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wind tunnel experiments, in particular to a correction method for a reference static pressure of a wind tunnel experiment.
Background
Wind tunnel experiments are widely used for engineering practice activities such as architectural design. In the wind tunnel experiment process, an important link is measurement of reference wind pressure.
The reference wind pressure is defined as the average dynamic pressure of the measured building at the same height but not affected by the interference of the measured body and surrounding buildings. In the practical experiment process, the wind pressure sensor is usually fixed at a position which is not influenced by the interference of the building and has the same height as the target building in the inclined front of the tested building, and in order to avoid the influence of the interference of the tested building or surrounding buildings on the position of the selected measuring point, the measuring point can only be selected at a position far away from the tested building and the surrounding buildings. However, the distribution of the wind field over the contour surface is not uniform due to the presence of static pressure gradients in the wind tunnel. Therefore, the dynamic pressure measured at the position far away from the measured body is used as the reference wind pressure, so that larger experimental errors are brought, and the measuring position of the reference wind pressure needs to be correspondingly adjusted according to the specific situation of each test model; even for the same test model, the position of the measuring point may need to be adjusted under the working conditions of different angles. This brings many inconveniences to the test link.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a correction method for wind tunnel experiment reference static pressure, which is easy to actually operate and accurate in measurement.
In order to solve the technical problems, the correction method for the wind tunnel experiment reference static pressure provided by the invention is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Selecting two measuring points P1 and P2 in a wind tunnel, wherein a building model to be measured is not placed in the wind tunnel, the P2 measuring point corresponds to the roof position of the building model to be measured, the P1 measuring point is far away from the P2 measuring point, a wind field required by an experiment is selected, and the average static pressure of the P1 measuring point flowing down in multiple groups of different directions is obtained
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Average wind speed V in the same direction of wind 1 、V 2 、V 3 …V n And obtaining an average static pressure of the P2 measuring point under the condition that the P1 measuring point flows in the same wayP 1,P2 、P 2,P2 、P 3,P2 …P n,P2 And the average static pressure difference of the P1 measuring point and the P2 measuring point under the same flowing down is calculated>
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(2) The average wind speed V along the wind direction of the P1 measuring point obtained in the step (1) 1 、V 2 、V 3 …V n And the average static pressure difference between the P1 measuring point and the P2 measuring point
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Acquiring the average wind speed V and the average static pressure difference +.>
Relation between->
；
(3) Placing the building model to be tested into the wind tunnel, wherein the roof position of the building model to be tested corresponds to the position of the P2 measuring point, under the same wind field condition as the step (1), obtaining total pressures S1, S2 and S3 … Sn of all measuring points on the building model to be tested under the same incoming flow condition, and static pressure S and average wind speed V' along the wind direction of the P1 measuring point under the same incoming flow condition as the building model to be tested, and obtaining total pressure S of all measuring points of the building model to be tested 1 、S 2 、S 3 …S n Difference from the static pressure S at the P1 measuring point
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(4) Obtaining the static pressure S of the P1 measuring point and the average wind speed V along the wind direction according to the relation obtained in the step (2) and the step (3) ’ The static pressure P of the roof position of the building model to be tested can be obtained, namely the reference wind pressure P of the building model to be tested;
(5) The total pressure S of each measuring point on the building model to be measured, which is obtained in the step (3) 1 、S 2 、S 3 …S n And (3) performing relation calculation with the reference wind pressure P of the building model to be tested obtained in the step (4), so as to correct the total pressure data of each measuring point on the building model to be tested.
Further, in the step (1) and the step (3), the P1 measuring point is provided with a first wind pressure measuring device and a wind speed measuring device; in the step (1), the second wind pressure measuring device is arranged at the P2 measuring point, and in the step (3), the second wind pressure measuring device is removed first and then the building model to be measured is put into the building model to be measured.
Optionally, the first wind pressure measuring device, the wind speed measuring device and the second wind pressure measuring device are pitot tubes.
Further characterized in that the pitot tube is communicatively connected with an electronic computer through a data acquisition system.
Optionally, the pitot tube is mounted on an inner wall of a top of the wind tunnel.
Further, in the step (1), average static pressures of the group are obtained by averaging a plurality of static pressures measured by the P1 measuring point under the same incoming flow condition, average wind speeds of the group are obtained by averaging a plurality of wind speeds of the P1 measuring point under the same incoming flow condition, and average static pressures of the group are obtained by averaging a plurality of static pressures measured by the P2 measuring point under the same incoming flow condition.
Further, in the step (2), the square V of the average wind speed in the downwind direction for each group of the P1 measurement points 1 2 、V 2 2 、V 3 2 …V n 2 And the average static pressure difference between the P1 measuring point and the P2 measuring point
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Making a scatter diagram, making a trend line according to the scatter diagram, and obtaining a regression line equation according to the trend line to obtain the relational expression
。
Optionally, the relation is calculated to obtain the average wind speed V along the wind direction of each group of the P1 measuring points 1 、V 2 、V 3 …V n And the average static pressure difference between the P1 measuring point and the P2 measuring point
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…/>
The fit of the relationship between them is used to check the relationship.
Further, the relation
K is a constant depending on the wind field characteristics and the positions of the P1 and P2 stations, +.>
Is a small value representing the error in the test.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the invention corrects the total pressure of each point through the reference static pressure of the roof position of the building model to be tested, can obtain the influence of the environment on the total pressure of each point of the building model to be tested, the reference static pressure is calculated, the influence of peripheral interference can not be caused, the measuring method is simple and convenient, the test operation can not be caused, the universality is realized, and the invention can be suitable for the conditions of different building groups.
2. The relation between the average wind speed of the P1 measuring point in the downwind direction and the static pressure difference between the P1 measuring point and the P2 measuring point is a regression line equation obtained through a scatter diagram and a trend line, and the accuracy is extremely high through the detection of the fitting degree.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wind tunnel experiment without a building model to be tested according to an embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a wind tunnel experiment for placing a building model to be tested according to an embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a scatter plot of an embodiment.
1, a wind tunnel; 2. a first pitot tube; 3. a second pitot tube; 4. a target building model; 5. a surrounding building model; 6. wind tunnel turntable; 7. p1 is measured; 8. p2 measuring points; 9. an incoming wind field.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the correction method for the wind tunnel experiment reference static pressure of the present embodiment includes the following steps:
(1) Two measuring points P1 measuring point 7 and P2 measuring point 8 are selected from the wind tunnel 1, the position of the P2 measuring point 7 corresponds to the roof position of the building model to be measured, the building model to be measured in the embodiment comprises a target building model 4 and a peripheral building model 5, and the position of the P2 measuring point 7 corresponds to the roof position of the target building model 4. P1 station 7 is located remotely from P2 station 8. Specifically, the P2 measuring point 8 is located at a position directly above the center of the wind tunnel turntable 6 and 1.5 meters high from the bottom surface of the wind tunnel 1, and the P1 measuring point 7 is located at a position directly in front of the center of the wind tunnel turntable 6 and 1.5 meters high from the bottom surface of the wind tunnel 1. A first wind pressure measuring device and a wind speed measuring device are arranged at a P1 measuring point 7, a second wind pressure measuring device is arranged at a P2 measuring point 8, in this embodiment, the static pressure of the P1 measuring point 7 and the wind speed along the wind direction are both measured by a first pitot tube 2, and the static pressure of the P2 measuring point 8 is measured by a second pitot tube 3. In the step, the target building model 4 and the peripheral building model 5 are not put in, only the first pitot tube 2 is arranged at the P1 measuring point 7, and the second pitot tube 3 is arranged at the P2 measuring point 8, wherein the first pitot tube 2 and the second pitot tube 3 are both connected to the inner wall at the top of the wind tunnel 1, the heights of the first pitot tube 2 and the second pitot tube 3 are adjustable, the full pressure holes of the first pitot tube 2 and the second pitot tube 3 are aligned to the incoming flow direction, the first pitot tube 2 and the second pitot tube 3 in the embodiment are in communication connection with an electronic computer through a data acquisition system, and data obtained by the first pitot tube 2 and the second pitot tube 3 are displayed and processed on the electronic computer;
starting the wind tunnel 1, selecting a wind field 9 corresponding to the topography B specified in the national standard building structure wind load Specification GB 50009-2012, measuring a plurality of static pressures of a group of P1 measuring points 7 flowing down in the same running direction through a first pitot tube 2, calculating the average static pressure of the group through an averaging formula, simultaneously measuring a plurality of downwind wind speeds flowing down in the running direction, calculating the downwind average wind speed of the group through the averaging formula, and changing incoming flows, wherein the embodiment determines the average static pressures of six groups of P1 measuring points 7 under different incoming flow conditions
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Average wind speed V in the same direction of wind 1 、V 2 、V 3 …V 6 Similarly, a plurality of static pressures of P2 station 8 under the same incoming flow as P1 station 7 are measured by means of the second pitot tube 3 and the average static pressure of each group is determined +.>
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The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The average static pressure of the P1 measuring point 7 and the average static pressure of the P2 measuring point 8 flowing down in the same direction are differentiated to obtain the average static pressure difference of the P1 measuring point 7 and the P2 measuring point 8 flowing down in the same direction +.>
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。
(2) The average wind speed V along the wind direction of the P1 measuring point 7 obtained in the step (1) 1 、V 2 、V 3 …V n And average static pressure difference between P1 measuring point 7 and P2 measuring point 8
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Acquiring the average wind speed V and the average static pressure difference in the downwind direction of the P1 measuring point 7>
Relation between->
. In this embodiment->
Is->
In a linear relationship, can obtain->
. Wherein k is a constant depending on the wind field characteristics and the positions of P1 site 7 and P2 site 8, +.>
Is a small value representing the error in the test.
(3) Removing the second pitot tube 3 of the P2 measuring point 8, placing the target building model 4 and the surrounding building model on the wind tunnel turntable 6, wherein the building roof position of the target building model 4 is relative to the position of the P2 measuring point 8, arranging a pitot tube measuring system on the target building model 4 and the surrounding building model 5 to measure the total pressure of each measuring point, starting the wind tunnel 1, measuring the total pressures S1, S2 and S3 … Sn of each measuring point on the target building model 4 and the surrounding building model 5 under the same wind field condition as the step (1), and the static pressure S and the average wind speed V' of the P1 measuring point 7 under the same incoming flow as the building model to be measured, and obtaining the total pressure S of each measuring point of the building model to be measured 1 、S 2 、S 3 …S n Difference from the static pressure S at P1 station 7
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…
。
(4) The relation obtained according to step (2)
And step (3) obtaining the static pressure S of the P1 measuring point 7 and the average wind speed V along the wind direction ’ The static pressure P of the roof position of the building model to be tested can be obtained, namely the reference wind pressure P of the building model to be tested.
(5) The total pressure S of each measuring point on the building model to be measured, which is obtained in the step (3) 1 、S 2 、S 3 …S n And (3) performing relation calculation with the reference wind pressure P of the building model to be tested obtained in the step (4), so as to correct the total pressure data of each measuring point on the building model to be tested.
Total pressure S of reference static pressure P to each point through roof position of building model to be tested 1 、S 2 、S 3 …S n Correction is carried out, namely, the difference value between the total pressure S1, S2, S3 … Sn of each measuring point of the building model to be measured and the static pressure S of the P1 measuring point 7 can be obtained
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And by mean wind speed in downwind direction V ’ Obtaining the relationThe static pressure difference values of the P1 measuring point 7 and the P2 measuring point 8 are compared or are brought into other related relational expressions, the influence of the total pressure of each point of the model to be measured on the environment can be obtained, the reference static pressure P is calculated, the influence of peripheral interference can be avoided, the measuring method is simple and convenient, various inconveniences can not be caused to the test operation, the universality is achieved, and the method is applicable to the conditions of different building groups.
In addition, referring to FIG. 3, in step (2), the square V of the average wind speed in the downwind direction for each group of P1 stations 7 1 2 、V 2 2 、V 3 2 …V 6 2 And average static pressure difference between P1 measuring point 7 and P2 measuring point 8
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Making a scatter diagram, and making a trend line according to the scatter diagram to obtain a trend line to approximate a straight line, and finding a regression line equation according to the trend line to obtain that under the same incoming flow condition, the square of the average wind speed of the P1 measuring point 7 along the wind direction and the average static pressure difference of the P1 measuring point 7 and the P2 measuring point 8 are in a linear relation, namely
In this embodiment +.>
Is a minimum of about 0, k=52.92, i.e.>
. And the fitting degree is calculated to obtain the fitting degree of 0.9995, so that the accuracy of the reference wind pressure of the P2 measuring point 7 obtained by the downwind average wind speed of the P1 measuring point 8 is extremely high.
It should be noted that the values of k are not necessarily the same under different wind tunnel or different incoming wind field conditions.
To sum up, the correction method for wind tunnel experiment reference static pressure of the embodiment obtains multiple groups of average static pressure differences of the P2 measuring points 8 corresponding to the roof position of the target building model 4 and the P1 measuring points 7 far from the P2 measuring points 8 flowing down in the same way before the target building model 4 and the surrounding building models 5 are put into the wind tunnel 1
And the average wind speed V in the forward direction of the P2 measuring point 8 flowing down in the same direction, obtain +.>
And (3) putting the target building model 4 and the surrounding building models 5 into the wind tunnel 1, measuring the static pressure, the wind speed along the wind direction of the P1 measuring point 7 and the total pressure of each measuring point on the building model to be measured, calculating the static pressure P of the P2 measuring point according to the static pressure, the wind speed along the wind direction of the P1 measuring point 7 and the relational expression, namely, calculating the difference between the reference static pressure P and the total pressure of each measuring point on the building model to be measured, and observing the influence of the total pressure of each point of the reference static pressure P on the building model to be measured by the environment, and correcting the total pressure of each point of the building model to be measured. The reference static pressure P is obtained by calculation, is not influenced by peripheral interference, is simple and convenient in measurement method, does not bring a lot of inconvenience to test operation, has universality and can be suitable for the conditions of different building groups.
It should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like are used herein to describe various information, but such information should not be limited to these terms, which are used merely to distinguish one type of information from another. For example, a "first" message may also be referred to as a "second" message, and similarly, a "second" message may also be referred to as a "first" message, without departing from the scope of the invention. Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be considered as being within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The correction method for the wind tunnel experiment reference static pressure is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Selecting two measuring points P1 and P2 in a wind tunnel, wherein a building model to be measured is not placed in the wind tunnel, the P2 measuring point corresponds to the roof position of the building model to be measured, the P1 measuring point is far away from the P2 measuring point, a wind field required by an experiment is selected, and the average static pressure of the P1 measuring point flowing down in multiple groups of different directions is obtained
、/>
、/>
…/>
Average wind speed V in the same direction of wind 1 、V 2 、V 3 …V n And obtaining an average static pressure of the P2 measuring point under the condition that the P1 measuring point flows in the same wayP 1,P2 、P 2,P2 、P 3,P2 …P n,P2 And the average static pressure difference of the P1 measuring point and the P2 measuring point under the same flowing down is calculated>
、
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…/>
；
(2) The average wind speed V along the wind direction of the P1 measuring point obtained in the step (1) 1 、V 2 、V 3 …V n And the average static pressure difference between the P1 measuring point and the P2 measuring point
、/>
、/>
…/>
Acquiring the average wind speed V and the average static pressure difference +.>
Relation between->
；
(3) Placing the building model to be tested into the wind tunnel, wherein the roof position of the building model to be tested corresponds to the position of the P2 measuring point, under the same wind field condition as the step (1), obtaining total pressures S1, S2 and S3 … Sn of all measuring points on the building model to be tested under the same incoming flow condition, and static pressure S and average wind speed V' along the wind direction of the P1 measuring point under the same incoming flow condition as the building model to be tested, and obtaining total pressure S of all measuring points of the building model to be tested 1 、S 2 、S 3 …S n Difference from the static pressure S at the P1 measuring point
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…/>
；
(4) Based on the relation obtained in the step (2) and the static pressure S of the P1 measuring point obtained in the step (3) and the average wind speed V along the wind direction ’ Obtaining a static pressure P of the roof position of the building model to be tested, wherein the static pressure P is a reference wind pressure P of the building model to be tested;
(5) The total pressure S of each measuring point on the building model to be measured, which is obtained in the step (3) 1 、S 2 、S 3 …S n Performing relation calculation with the reference wind pressure P of the building model to be tested obtained in the step (4), so as to correct the total pressure data of each measuring point on the building model to be tested;
in the step (1) and the step (3), a first wind pressure measuring device and a wind speed measuring device are arranged at the P1 measuring point; in the step (1), the P2 measuring point is provided with a second wind pressure measuring device, and in the step (3), the second wind pressure measuring device is removed firstly and then the building model to be measured is put into the building model to be measured;
in the step (1), average static pressure of the group is obtained by averaging a plurality of static pressures measured by the P1 measuring point under the same incoming flow condition, average wind speed of the group is obtained by averaging a plurality of wind speeds of the P1 measuring point under the same incoming flow condition, and average static pressure of the group is obtained by averaging a plurality of static pressures measured by the P2 measuring point under the same incoming flow condition;
in the step (2), the square V of the average wind speed in the downwind direction of each group of the P1 measuring points 1 2 、V 2 2 、V 3 2 …V n 2 And the average static pressure difference between the P1 measuring point and the P2 measuring point
、/>
、/>
…/>
Making a scatter diagram, making a trend line according to the scatter diagram, and obtaining the relation +_f according to a regression line equation of the trend line>
；
The relation is that
K is a constant depending on the wind field characteristics and the positions of the P1 and P2 stations, +.>
Is a small value representing the error in the test.
2. The method for correcting the reference static pressure for wind tunnel experiments according to claim 1, wherein the first wind pressure measuring device, the wind speed measuring device and the second wind pressure measuring device are pitot tubes.
3. The method for correcting the reference static pressure for wind tunnel experiments according to claim 2, wherein the pitot tube is in communication connection with an electronic computer through a data acquisition system.
4. The method for correcting the static pressure of a wind tunnel experiment according to claim 2, wherein the pitot tube is mounted on an inner wall of a top of the wind tunnel.
5. The correction method for wind tunnel experiment reference static pressure according to claim 1, characterized in thatThen, the square V of the average wind speed in the downwind direction of each group of the relation and the P1 measuring point is obtained 1 2 、V 2 2 、V 3 2 …V n 2 And the average static pressure difference between the P1 measuring point and the P2 measuring point
、/>
、/>
…/>
The fit of the relationship between them is used to check the relationship.
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| CN103852119A (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2014-06-11 | 西北工业大学 | Continuous wind tunnel compressor inlet flow measurement method |
| CN103969022A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-08-06 | 厦门大学 | Indirect measuring method for hypersonic speed wind tunnel turbulence scale |
| CN104374541A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-02-25 | 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 | Static pressure calculation method for L-shaped pressure sensor |
| CN104535254A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-04-22 | 太原科技大学 | Building outer surface wind pressure measurement method |
| CN105758614A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-07-13 | 宿斌 | Apparatus used for wind tunnel measurement building model surface static pressure and wind pressure coefficient and method thereof |
| CN205643383U (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-10-12 | 朱莹 | Monitoring of flue gas section average flowing speed improves device |
| CN106330197A (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2017-01-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Building wind tunnel pressure measurement test data compression method |
| KR101831906B1 (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2018-02-23 | 주식회사 넥스트폼 | The Wind Pressure Analysis System and Method for Corrosion Prediction Method Of Building Using Modeling |
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