CN108870414B - Method for incinerating petrochemical waste liquid based on gas fuel - Google Patents

Method for incinerating petrochemical waste liquid based on gas fuel Download PDF

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CN108870414B
CN108870414B CN201710338337.7A CN201710338337A CN108870414B CN 108870414 B CN108870414 B CN 108870414B CN 201710338337 A CN201710338337 A CN 201710338337A CN 108870414 B CN108870414 B CN 108870414B
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waste liquid
petrochemical
combustion
gas
waste
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CN108870414A (en
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黎树根
陈立新
刘洪武
张君辉
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Baling Co
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Baling Co
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/04Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste liquors, e.g. sulfite liquors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2204/00Supplementary heating arrangements
    • F23G2204/10Supplementary heating arrangements using auxiliary fuel
    • F23G2204/103Supplementary heating arrangements using auxiliary fuel gaseous or liquid fuel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2206/00Waste heat recuperation
    • F23G2206/20Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation
    • F23G2206/203Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation with a power/heat generating installation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2209/00Specific waste
    • F23G2209/10Liquid waste
    • F23G2209/101Waste liquor
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/12Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for incinerating petrochemical waste liquid based on gas fuel, which comprises the steps of spraying the petrochemical waste liquid into a combustion area of a waste alkali incinerator in an atomization mode, taking fuel gas as combustion-supporting fuel, combusting under the condition of blowing oxygen-containing gas, and controlling the temperature of the combustion area to be 900-1200 ℃; the feeding amount of the petrochemical waste liquid and the fuel gas meets the following requirements: the volume of the petrochemical waste liquid per hour/the cross-sectional area of the combustion zone hearth of the waste alkali incinerator is 0.4-0.75 t/h.m2The fuel gas amount per hour/the cross-sectional area of the combustion zone hearth of the waste alkali incinerator is 0.10-0.135 t/h.m2The method can realize reasonable combustion load, reduce treatment cost, reduce the damage of overhigh combustion load to the device and is beneficial to the popularization and application of the waste liquid incineration technology in the industry.

Description

Method for incinerating petrochemical waste liquid based on gas fuel
Technical Field
The invention relates to a treatment method of petrochemical waste liquid, in particular to a method for incinerating cyclohexanone waste lye by using gas fuel, belonging to the technical field of petrochemical industry.
Background
The petrochemical industry such as the industrial process for preparing cyclohexanone by oxidizing cyclohexane generates a large amount of high-concentration organic waste alkali liquor, so that the standard treatment of the waste alkali liquor is the bottleneck of energy expansion of the industry. At the end of the last ninety years, the medium petrochemical holy company successfully developed the waste alkali incineration technology based on the alkali recovery furnace method, has the advantages of high COD removal rate, conformity with the national environmental emission standard after treatment and the like, gradually becomes the mainstream technology of cyclohexanone saponification waste alkali treatment, and has been put into application in most of the newly built or expanded cyclohexanone projects in China in recent years.
The cyclohexanone waste lye incineration device has complex sources and various types of auxiliary fuels due to cost consideration and fuel supply limitation, generally adopts industrial byproducts or deep-processed products thereof, and the components and the low calorific value of the industrial byproducts or the deep-processed products thereof are frequently changed, so that the stable combustion and the operation cost of a boiler are influenced; the adjustment of the byproduct steam price also affects the operating economy. Further, the type of fuel used is limited by the supply, and it is sometimes necessary to use all of the oil fuel, and sometimes it is possible to use both the oil fuel and the gas fuel, but sometimes it is only possible to use all of the gas fuel, and the variation in fuel supply causes fluctuation in waste liquid incineration cost, which brings a problem in the control of the facility cost. Therefore, the change of fuel supply is responded by process innovation, and the reduction of the treatment cost is an urgent need of a chemical waste liquid incineration device.
The method comprises spraying and atomizing saponified waste alkali liquor into a high-temperature furnace chamber, drying and decomposing in the furnace chamber, wherein 60-80% of the saponified waste alkali liquor reacts in the furnace chamber to generate sodium carbonate, the sodium carbonate is collected along with flue gas in an electrostatic dust collector, 20-40% of the sodium carbonate falls to the furnace bottom and is combusted at the furnace bottom to generate molten sodium carbonate, and the molten sodium carbonate flows into a dissolving tank through a chute to form liquid alkali. The technology has the following problems when the fuel source is limited to use only gas fuel and the waste alkali is incinerated: when only fuel gas fuel is used as boiler fuel, the fuel proportioning is unreasonably controlled, and when the fuel gas is used in large amount and is not completely combusted, the process requirement of ultrahigh temperature of a combustion area is caused, so that the problems of damage of a water wall tube, blockage of a flue gas channel by hardening of a melt on a water screen and the like are easily caused; when the fuel gas is insufficient, the incineration conversion rate of the waste liquid is insufficient, the boiler efficiency is reduced, and the waste liquid treatment cannot meet the environmental protection requirement. The unreasonable process proportion causes the fluctuation of the working condition of the device, the driving period is shortened, the waste alkali treatment cost is high, the enthusiasm of enterprises for putting the environment-friendly device is seriously influenced, and the environment protection and emission reduction of the chemical industry are not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for incinerating petrochemical waste liquid, which realizes reasonable combustion load, reduces treatment cost and reduces the damage of overhigh combustion load to a device by adjusting the gas fuel and the petrochemical waste liquid to be in reasonable proportion, overcomes the technical problem of unreasonable use ratio of the gas fuel in the prior art, and solves the problems of environmental pollution and high treatment cost of petrochemical waste alkali in the prior art.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention provides a method for incinerating petrochemical waste liquid based on gas fuel, which comprises the steps of incinerating the petrochemical waste liquid by using a waste alkali incinerator, wherein the waste alkali incinerator is an alkali recovery furnace and comprises a water-cooled wall, a water-cooled screen, an evaporation tube screen, a steam pocket, an economizer and an air preheater; the heat generated by the combustion of the petrochemical waste liquid and the fuel gas heats the furnace water of the waste alkali incinerator to generate byproduct steam; spraying the petrochemical waste liquid into a combustion area of a waste alkali incinerator in an atomization mode, taking fuel gas as combustion-supporting fuel, combusting under the condition of blowing oxygen-containing gas, and controlling the temperature of the combustion area to be 900-1200 ℃; the feeding amount of the petrochemical waste liquid and the fuel gas meets the following requirements: the volume of the petrochemical waste liquid per hour/the cross-sectional area of the combustion zone hearth of the waste alkali incinerator is 0.4-0.75 t/h.m2The fuel gas amount per hour/the cross-sectional area of the combustion zone hearth of the waste alkali incinerator is 0.10-0.135 t/h.m2
Preferably, the pressure of the fuel gas entering the waste alkali incinerator is 50-200 kPa. The fuel gas enters the boiler through the contraction nozzle for combustion, and under the condition of optimal pressure, the gas fuel can be fully mixed with petrochemical waste liquid and oxygen for combustion, so that a good combustion effect is achieved.
In a more preferable scheme, the low-level combustion heat value of the fuel gas is 31260-37840 kj/kg.
More preferably, the fuel gas is at least one of refinery dry gas, natural gas and coal bed gas.
In the preferable scheme, the pressure of the petrochemical waste liquid entering the waste alkali incinerator is 1.4-2.8 MPa. Under the action of the pressure, the petrochemical waste liquid can obtain a good atomization effect, so that the petrochemical waste alkali liquid has high dispersity, and is fully mixed and combusted with auxiliary fuel and oxygen to achieve a good combustion effect.
In a preferable scheme, the petrochemical waste liquid is cyclohexanone waste alkali liquid, the low calorific value of solid matters is 10000-14000 kJ/kg, and the mass percentage content of the solid matters is 30-60%.
In a preferable scheme, heat generated after the petrochemical waste liquid and the fuel gas are combusted is used for heating furnace water of a waste alkali incinerator, and steam is generated as a byproduct.
In the preferred scheme, the flue gas outlet of the waste alkali incinerator is connected with an electric dust remover, and the combustion ash discharged from the waste alkali incinerator is deposited and recovered from the tail of the waste alkali incinerator along with the flue gas or is captured and recovered by the electric dust remover.
The preferred scheme, petrochemical waste liquid and fuel gas inventory volume satisfy: the volume of petrochemical waste liquid per hour/the cross-sectional area of the combustion zone furnace of the waste alkali incinerator is 0.5 to 0.65 ton/(hour multiplied by square meter), and the volume of fuel gas per hour/the cross-sectional area of the combustion zone furnace of the waste alkali incinerator is 0.11 to 0.125 ton/(hour multiplied by square meter).
The oxygen-containing gas of the present invention is air or oxygen.
The waste alkali incinerator comprises a water-cooled wall, a water-cooled screen, an evaporation tube screen, a steam drum, an economizer and an air preheater. The combustion area hearth of the waste alkali incinerator is square or approximately square. Two groups of burners are arranged at the lower part in the furnace body of the waste alkali incinerator, and a petrochemical waste liquid ejector is arranged between the two groups of burners. And a chute is arranged at the bottom of the waste alkali incinerator. The fuel gas gun is arranged at a position close to the bottom of the hearth.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) according to the technical scheme, the feeding quantity ratio of the petrochemical waste liquid to the fuel gas is strictly controlled, so that the reasonable combustion strength can be achieved when the petrochemical waste liquid such as cyclohexanone waste alkali liquid and the like is incinerated only by the gas fuel, the problems of tail gas pollution and even flameout and shutdown caused by low combustion load are avoided, the problems of energy waste and equipment service life reduction caused by overhigh combustion load are solved, the incineration treatment cost of the petrochemical waste liquid can be obviously reduced, the waste liquid incineration environment-friendly device can reliably exert the environment-friendly function, and meanwhile, the waste liquid incineration environment-friendly device can operate at low cost and even side cost, and the petrochemical waste liquid incineration environment-friendly device is favorable for large-scale popularization and application.
2) By applying production tests, it follows: the technical scheme of the invention is adopted to treat the cyclohexanone waste alkali liquor by about 9.5 ten thousand tons per year on the basis of 10 ten thousand tons per year cyclohexanone production scale, compared with the prior art, the treatment cost can be reduced by 60-107 yuan per ton, the accumulation reaches 570-1000 ten thousand yuan per year, and the cost reduction effect on an environment-friendly device is very outstanding. As the cost in the prior art is respectively-77 yuan/t waste alkali and-94 yuan/t waste alkali, the cost is about-731.5 ten thousand yuan/year and-921 ten thousand yuan/year.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples, which do not indicate specific conditions, and which are performed under conventional conditions or conditions commonly used in the same industry.
A10 ten thousand ton grade cyclohexanone waste alkali incineration device comprises a water wall, a water screen, an evaporation tube screen, a steam pocket, an economizer, an air preheater and the like, wherein the size of a square combustion chamber formed by the water wall is 3.85 m multiplied by 3.85 m, and the waste liquid incineration treatment process method comprises the following steps:
pressurizing the waste saponification lye to 1.8-2.5 MPa, then feeding the waste saponification lye into a saponification liquor spray gun, atomizing the waste saponification lye, feeding the waste saponification lye into an alkali recovery boiler, and performing suspension drying and spatial combustion (suspension combustion) in the boiler. Conversion of organic acid sodium salt in saponification liquor to Na2CO3The reaction gives off a large amount of heat.
The auxiliary fuel gas is regulated to 50-200 kPa by a gas pipeline loop after being regulated by a gas buffer tank, and then is sprayed into the furnace by a fuel gas gun for burning.
The combustion ash is deposited at the tail part of the boiler along with the flue gas or collected and recovered by electric dust removal, and is conveyed to an ash bucket by a scraper conveyor to be packaged and sold, wherein the main component of the recovered ash is sodium carbonate. Larger particles are not ready to burn in the hearth space and fall onto the hearth cushion layer to be burnt out (cushion layer burning). And the generated sodium carbonate melt flows out from a chute opening at the bottom of the waste alkali incineration boiler and enters a solid alkali recovery unit through a chute groove to obtain a crude sodium carbonate byproduct. The flue gas is introduced into a chimney with the height of 80m for evacuation.
The heat released by the combustion reaction in the furnace heats soft water on the heating surfaces of a lower economizer, an upper drum, a boiling tube panel, a lower drum and the like to generate 1.27MPa steam, and the rest of the soft water is merged into a low-pressure steam pipe network outside a boundary area except a small amount of soft water for the device.
The fuel gas fuel used is one or more of refinery dry gas, natural gas and coal bed gas, taking the refinery dry gas as an example, the fuel gas fuel has the following properties:
dry gas properties:
component name Maximum value Minimum value Mean value of
Density, kg/m3 0.81 0.88 0.85
Low combustion heat value, kj/kg 37840 31260 34550
The chemical waste liquid after incineration treatment is cyclohexanone saponification waste alkali, and has the following properties:
property of cyclohexanone waste alkali:
component name Maximum value Minimum value Mean value of
Density, kg/m3 1310 1180 1240
Solids content% 65% 35% 43%
Low combustion heat value, kj/kg 11520 13260 12110
The effect of the present invention can be better illustrated by comparing the process proportioning conditions and the corresponding variable cost conditions of example 1, example 2, and example 3 with those of comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, as shown in the following table:
Figure GDA0002688744130000051
Figure GDA0002688744130000061
Figure GDA0002688744130000071
in the table, the cost per ton of spent caustic treatment is variable, i.e., consumption value (fresh water + electricity + soft water + residual oil) -by-product value (low-pressure steam), and the same applies hereinafter.
Compared with the comparative examples 1 and 2, the waste alkali incineration treatment cost of the examples 1, 2 and 3 can be reduced by 60-107 yuan/ton.
The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalents may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and equivalents should also be considered as falling within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A method for incinerating petrochemical waste liquid based on gas fuel adopts a waste alkali incinerator to incinerate the petrochemical waste liquid, wherein the waste alkali incinerator is an alkali recovery furnace and comprises a water-cooled wall, a water-cooled screen, an evaporation tube screen, a steam drum, an economizer and an air preheater; the heat generated by the combustion of the petrochemical waste liquid and the fuel gas heats the furnace water of the waste alkali incinerator to generate byproduct steam; the method is characterized in that: spraying the petrochemical waste liquid into a combustion area of a waste alkali incinerator in an atomization mode, taking fuel gas as combustion-supporting fuel, combusting under the condition of blowing oxygen-containing gas, and controlling the temperature of the combustion area to be 900-1200 ℃; the batch volumes of the petrochemical waste liquid and the fuel gas meet the requirements simultaneously: the volume of the petrochemical waste liquid per hour/the cross-sectional area of the combustion zone hearth of the waste alkali incinerator is 0.4-0.75 t/h.m2The fuel gas amount per hour/the cross-sectional area of the combustion zone hearth of the waste alkali incinerator is 0.10-0.135 t/h.m2
2. The method for incinerating a petrochemical waste liquid based on a gaseous fuel according to claim 1, wherein: the pressure of the fuel gas entering the waste alkali incinerator is 50-200 kPa.
3. The method for incinerating petrochemical waste liquid based on gaseous fuel according to claim 2, wherein: the low-level combustion heat value of the fuel gas is 31260-37840 kj/kg.
4. A method for gaseous fuel-based incineration of petrochemical waste liquid according to claim 3, characterized by: the fuel gas is at least one of refinery dry gas, natural gas and coal bed gas.
5. The method for incinerating a petrochemical waste liquid based on a gaseous fuel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the pressure of the petrochemical waste liquid entering the waste alkali incinerator is 1.4-2.8 MPa.
6. The method for incinerating a petrochemical waste liquid based on a gaseous fuel according to claim 5, wherein: the petrochemical waste liquid is cyclohexanone waste alkali liquid, the low calorific value of solid matters is 10000-14000 kJ/kg, and the mass percentage content of the solid matters is 30-60%.
7. The method for incinerating petrochemical waste liquid based on gaseous fuel according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the flue gas outlet of the waste alkali incinerator is connected with an electric dust remover, and combustion ash from the waste alkali incinerator is deposited and recovered from the tail of the waste alkali incinerator along with flue gas or is collected and recovered by the electric dust remover.
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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3946077A (en) * 1973-03-28 1976-03-23 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Process for oxidating hydrocarbons
CN1424535A (en) * 2002-12-20 2003-06-18 巨化集团公司 Combustion nozzle for cyelohexanone saponified waste water
CN101734824A (en) * 2008-11-04 2010-06-16 王富绩 Process for treating saponifiable waste alkali liquor by chemical method
CN102192513A (en) * 2011-05-25 2011-09-21 大连科林能源工程技术开发有限公司 Incinerator of multi-element multi-dimension chemical hazardous waste
CN102877351A (en) * 2011-07-15 2013-01-16 中国石油化工集团公司 Treatment method of high concentration waste alkali solution
CN103591591A (en) * 2013-11-06 2014-02-19 武汉锅炉集团工程技术有限公司 Saponification waste liquid combustion and alkali recovery boiler
CN103822216A (en) * 2014-03-18 2014-05-28 江苏星瑞化工工程科技有限公司 Incineration method for saliferous organic mixed effluent

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3946077A (en) * 1973-03-28 1976-03-23 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Process for oxidating hydrocarbons
CN1424535A (en) * 2002-12-20 2003-06-18 巨化集团公司 Combustion nozzle for cyelohexanone saponified waste water
CN101734824A (en) * 2008-11-04 2010-06-16 王富绩 Process for treating saponifiable waste alkali liquor by chemical method
CN102192513A (en) * 2011-05-25 2011-09-21 大连科林能源工程技术开发有限公司 Incinerator of multi-element multi-dimension chemical hazardous waste
CN102877351A (en) * 2011-07-15 2013-01-16 中国石油化工集团公司 Treatment method of high concentration waste alkali solution
CN103591591A (en) * 2013-11-06 2014-02-19 武汉锅炉集团工程技术有限公司 Saponification waste liquid combustion and alkali recovery boiler
CN103822216A (en) * 2014-03-18 2014-05-28 江苏星瑞化工工程科技有限公司 Incineration method for saliferous organic mixed effluent

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