CN108868719B - Method for producing crude oil in SAGD wedge-shaped area - Google Patents
Method for producing crude oil in SAGD wedge-shaped area Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 218
- 238000010796 Steam-assisted gravity drainage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000010793 Steam injection (oil industry) Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 136
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/24—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
- E21B43/2406—Steam assisted gravity drainage [SAGD]
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/30—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells
- E21B43/305—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells comprising at least one inclined or horizontal well
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for producing crude oil in an SAGD wedge-shaped area, which is characterized in that well arrangement of an E-shaped horizontal production well group and an E-shaped horizontal steam injection well group is completed in an SAGD oil reservoir; injecting solvents into the E-type horizontal production well group and the E-type horizontal steam injection well group for inter-well communication, and performing SAGD production after the inter-well communication. The method solves the problems of high cost, high risk and the like in the conventional encryption well technology, can efficiently produce residual oil in a wedge-shaped area formed by conventional SAGD development at low cost, improves the oil production rate, and reduces the steam consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil exploitation, in particular to a method for extracting crude oil in an SAGD wedge-shaped area.
Background
The resource amount of global super heavy oil is huge, SAGD (Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage) occupies a main position in Canada oil sand exploitation as a leading-edge technology for internationally developing heavy oil, and oil fields in Liaohe and Xinjiang in China are also applied in a large scale. The method effectively exploits resources such as thickened oil, super-thickened oil and the like by using the horizontal well and steam. High-dryness steam is continuously injected into the horizontal steam injection well, latent heat of vaporization is released on the steam to heat the reservoir, the viscosity of heated thick oil is greatly reduced, the heated thick oil and steam condensate are discharged under the action of gravity, and finally the thick oil is produced from a horizontal well at the bottom of the reservoir. As reservoir fluids are continuously produced, steam expands vertically and horizontally, forming a continuously developing steam cavity. Compared with other thick oil development technologies, the method has the advantages of higher oil recovery rate, more economical oil-gas ratio and relatively high recovery efficiency.
At the end of this technical production, the vapor chamber expands sufficiently laterally and merges with an adjacent vapor chamber, and then the vapor chamber begins to descend slowly, as shown in fig. 6. In this process, gravity is the primary power for oil production, while the viscous force of the heated crude oil flowing from the edge of the steam cavity back to the production well is the primary resistance. When the steam cavity descends to a certain degree, the oil production power provided by the gravity pressure head is not enough to overcome the viscous force of crude oil flowing back to the production well from the farthest edge, the descending process of the steam cavity becomes very slow, and the steam consumption is still very large. This results in a very low oil production rate in the later stage of SAGD development, a large drop in oil-to-steam ratio, and no economic use of the remaining oil. This is the inherent disadvantage of SAGD development that the wedge is unavailable. This problem is particularly acute in reservoirs having relatively thin reservoir thicknesses. Some oil companies, represented by Cenovus, have made some research and propose drilling a dummy well 91 in the wedge, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, establishing communication between the dummy well and the vapor chamber, and then producing the crude oil in the wedge 90 in the form of a vapor flood.
But the problems of the conventional encrypted well technology are that: 1) the cost is high: nearly 70% of crude oil from a primary dual horizontal well is produced efficiently by gravity drainage (SAGD) technology. The expense of additionally drilling a horizontal well is nearly millions, and the remaining oil in the wedge zone only accounts for about 15% of the control reserve. 2) The risk is large: an additional horizontal well is drilled between two pairs of double horizontal wells (generally, the distance is 100 meters), the magnetic guide assistance is avoided, the well track control is very difficult, a spatial complex curve is possibly formed, and the curve part is positioned in a steam cavity of a certain SAGD well group, so that the well fails (steam in the steam cavity is directly produced during production, and heated crude oil cannot be produced). In addition, from the drilling point of view, the accidental drilling into the steam cavity can make the drill bit face the challenge of high temperature and high pressure, and the difficulty is extremely high.
Thus, the present inventors have developed a method for producing SAGD wedge crude oil to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, based on experience and practice over the years in the relevant industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for producing crude oil in an SAGD wedge area, which solves the problems of high cost, high risk and the like in the conventional encryption well technology.
The invention aims to realize the method for producing the crude oil in the SAGD wedge-shaped area, wherein the well arrangement of an E-shaped horizontal production well group and an E-shaped horizontal steam injection well group is completed in an SAGD oil reservoir; injecting solvents into the E-type horizontal production well group and the E-type horizontal steam injection well group for inter-well communication, and performing SAGD production after the inter-well communication.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for producing SAGD wedge crude oil comprises the steps of,
step a, a well arrangement method: a horizontal production well is arranged at a first distance above the bottom of the oil layer, and production well branch wells arranged along the horizontal direction are arranged at intervals along the horizontal section of the horizontal production well to form an E-shaped horizontal production well group; a horizontal steam injection well is arranged at a second distance above the horizontal production well, and steam injection well branch wells arranged along the horizontal direction are arranged at intervals along the horizontal section of the horizontal steam injection well to form an E-shaped horizontal steam injection well group, and each steam injection well branch well is respectively arranged above each production well branch well;
step b, a well completion method: the E-type horizontal production well group and the E-type horizontal steam injection well group are completed by adopting slotted screen pipes;
step c, underground monitoring: putting a coiled tubing into the horizontal production well, wherein a temperature and pressure measuring structure is arranged in the coiled tubing; putting an electric submersible pump into a horizontal section of the horizontal production well;
step d, starting the method: normal temperature solvent is pumped, squeezed and injected into the E-shaped horizontal production well group and the E-shaped horizontal steam injection well group, and fluid communication is established among the horizontal section of the horizontal production well, the horizontal sections of the production well branch well and the horizontal steam injection well and the steam injection well branch well; then, squeezing and injecting high-temperature solvent from the E-shaped horizontal steam injection well group, producing from the E-shaped horizontal production well group, establishing thermal communication between the E-shaped horizontal production well group and the E-shaped horizontal steam injection well group, and stopping solvent injection;
step e, SAGD production: continuously injecting water vapor into the E-shaped horizontal steam injection well group; and starting the electric submersible pump to produce crude oil.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in step a, the free ends of the production well lateral and the steam injection well lateral are located at the core of the wedge left by the production of the conventional SAGD horizontal well group.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step a, after the horizontal production well and the production well lateral are drilled, a magnetic guiding structure is inserted into the horizontal production well and the production well lateral.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in step b, the horizontal section of the horizontal production well and the slotted screen in the branch well of the production well are connected by a flexible structure; the horizontal section of the horizontal steam injection well is connected with the slotted sieve tube in the branch well of the steam injection well through a flexible structure.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step c, a connecting part temperature measuring couple is arranged at the connecting part of the horizontal section of the horizontal production well and the branch well of the production well of the coiled tubing.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step c, a first steam injection pipe and a second steam injection pipe are inserted into the horizontal steam injection well, and the length of the first steam injection pipe is greater than that of the second steam injection pipe; and d, injecting a normal-temperature solvent into the horizontal steam injection well and the steam injection well branch well through the first steam injection pipe, after fluid communication is established, extruding and injecting a high-temperature solvent into the E-shaped horizontal steam injection well group through the second steam injection pipe, outputting from the E-shaped horizontal production well group, and establishing thermal communication between the E-shaped horizontal production well group and the E-shaped horizontal steam injection well group.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step c, an enhanced lift main oil pipe is lowered into the horizontal production well, and an enhanced lift branch pipe communicated with the enhanced lift main oil pipe is lowered into each production well branch well.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, when the temperature indication number of the connecting part temperature measurement couple is low, steam, hot water or solvent is injected into the E-shaped horizontal production well group through the enhanced lifting main oil pipe and the enhanced lifting branch pipe, so that the crude oil output in the production well branch well is promoted.
From the above, the method for producing the crude oil in the SAGD wedge-shaped area provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the method for producing the crude oil in the SAGD wedge-shaped area, the double horizontal wells (the horizontal production well and the horizontal steam injection well) adopt an E-shaped well arrangement mode, so that the horizontal segment lengths of the production well and the steam injection well are effectively increased compared with the conventional SAGD well group, and the oil production speed is greatly increased; the E-type well arrangement mode can enable the production well and the steam injection well to efficiently cover the wedge-shaped area left by the whole conventional SAGD horizontal well group, greatly improve SAGD recoverable reserve and reduce the reserve loss of the wedge-shaped area; the E-shaped well arrangement mode can accelerate the fusion between steam cavities, reduce the difficulty of differential pressure operation of adjacent well groups and avoid the contradiction of uneven steam distribution; the E-type double-horizontal well production is mainly based on gravity drainage, and compared with the existing displacement production mode of the encryption well, the E-type double-horizontal well production has the advantages of lower oil-gas ratio and better economy; in addition, the E-type double-horizontal well can be put into production after drilling is finished, cash flow recovery is accelerated, the encryption well only plays a role in the end of the SAGD full life cycle, and cost recovery is extremely slow. In the method for producing the crude oil in the SAGD wedge-shaped area, the drilling of the E-shaped double horizontal well is controlled in a magnetic guiding mode, the well track is easy to control, and the safety is high.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating and explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Wherein:
FIG. 1: a well layout schematic diagram of the implementation process of the method for producing crude oil in the SAGD wedge zone is shown.
FIG. 2: is a schematic diagram of the implementation effect of the method for producing the crude oil in the SAGD wedge zone.
FIG. 3: is a schematic diagram of the E-type horizontal steam injection well group of the invention.
FIG. 4: schematic diagrams of the E-type horizontal production well group and the E-type horizontal steam injection well group of the present invention.
FIG. 5: a schematic diagram of a wedge encryption well in the prior art.
FIG. 6: the implementation effect of the wedge-shaped zone encryption well in the prior art is schematically shown.
In the figure:
1. a type E horizontal production well group;
11. a horizontal production well; 12. a production well lateral; 13. a coiled tubing; 14. an electric submersible pump; 15. strengthening the lifting main oil pipe; 16. strengthening and lifting the branch pipes;
2. e type horizontal steam injection well group;
21. a horizontal steam injection well; 22. branch well of steam injection well; 23. a first steam injection pipe; 24. a second steam injection pipe;
31. a main well steam cavity; 32. a branch well steam cavity;
90. a wedge-shaped region;
91. and (4) encrypting the well.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a method for producing crude oil in an SAGD wedge-shaped area, wherein well arrangement of an E-type horizontal production well group 1 and an E-type horizontal steam injection well group 2 is completed in an SAGD oil reservoir, as shown in figures 1 to 4; injecting solvents into the E-type horizontal production well group 1 and the E-type horizontal steam injection well group 2 for inter-well communication, and performing SAGD production after the inter-well communication. In the method for producing the crude oil in the SAGD wedge-shaped area, the double horizontal wells (the horizontal production well and the horizontal steam injection well) adopt an E-shaped well arrangement mode, so that the horizontal segment lengths of the production well and the steam injection well are effectively increased compared with the conventional SAGD well group, and the oil production speed is greatly increased; the E-type well arrangement mode can enable the production well and the steam injection well to efficiently cover the wedge-shaped area left by the whole conventional SAGD horizontal well group, greatly improve SAGD recoverable reserve and reduce the reserve loss of the wedge-shaped area; the E-shaped well arrangement mode can accelerate the fusion between steam cavities, reduce the difficulty of differential pressure operation of adjacent well groups and avoid the contradiction of uneven steam distribution; the E-type double-horizontal well production is mainly based on gravity drainage, and compared with the existing displacement production mode of the encryption well, the E-type double-horizontal well production has the advantages of lower oil-gas ratio and better economy; in addition, the E-type double-horizontal well can be put into production after drilling is finished, cash flow recovery is accelerated, the encryption well only plays a role in the end of the SAGD full life cycle, and cost recovery is extremely slow.
The method for producing the SAGD wedge zone crude oil comprises the following steps,
step a, a well arrangement method: as shown in fig. 1 to 4, a horizontal production well 11 is drilled at a first distance above the bottom of an oil layer, and production well branch wells 12 arranged along the horizontal direction are arranged at intervals along the horizontal section of the horizontal production well 11 to form an E-shaped horizontal production well group 1; a horizontal steam injection well 21 is arranged at a second distance above the horizontal production well 11, steam injection well branch wells 22 arranged along the horizontal direction are arranged at intervals along the horizontal section of the horizontal steam injection well 21 to form an E-shaped horizontal steam injection well group 2 (as shown in figure 3), each steam injection well branch well 22 is respectively arranged above each production well branch well 12, and the distance between each steam injection well branch well 22 and the corresponding production well branch well 12 is equal to the distance (second distance) between the horizontal production well 11 and the horizontal steam injection well 21; the horizontal production well 11 and the horizontal steam injection well 21 are respectively main dry wells of the E-shaped horizontal production well group 1 and the E-shaped horizontal steam injection well group 2, and can be formed by adopting conventional double horizontal wells.
In one embodiment of the invention, the production well lateral 12 and the steam injection well lateral 22 are 1/2 about the length of the second distance, and the free ends of the production well lateral 12 and the steam injection well lateral 22 are located at the core of the wedge 90 (the wedge left by conventional SAGD horizontal well group production). The intervals of the branch wells (the interval between the adjacent production well branch wells 12 and the interval between the adjacent steam injection well branch wells 22) can be optimally arranged in consideration of reservoir heterogeneity, and the intervals of the branch wells (including the production well branch wells 12 and the steam injection well branch wells 22) located at the rear end of the trunk wells (the horizontal production wells 11 and the horizontal steam injection wells 21) are smaller than the intervals of the branch wells (including the production well branch wells 12 and the steam injection well branch wells 22) located at the front end of the trunk well.
After the horizontal production well 11 and the production well lateral 12 are drilled, a magnetic guide structure (prior art) is lowered into the horizontal production well 11 and the production well lateral 12.
In the method for producing the crude oil in the SAGD wedge-shaped area, the E-shaped double horizontal wells (the E-shaped horizontal production well group 1 and the E-shaped horizontal steam injection well group 2) are controlled to be drilled in a magnetic guiding mode, the well track is easy to control, the safety is high, and the encryption well in the prior art cannot accurately control the well to be positioned in the middle of two adjacent steam cavities, so that the offset risk is high.
Compared with the existing wedge well encryption well technology, the well arrangement mode of the E-type double horizontal wells (the E-type horizontal production well group 1 and the E-type horizontal steam injection well group 2) has the advantages of no need of extra drilling, short drilling footage and low cost.
The well arrangement mode of the E-type double horizontal wells (the E-type horizontal production well group 1 and the E-type horizontal steam injection well group 2) reasonably arranges the lengths and the intervals of the horizontal branch wells (the production well branch well 12 and the steam injection well branch well 22) so that the horizontal branch wells can efficiently cover the wedge-shaped area left by the whole conventional SAGD horizontal well group, the SAGD recoverable storage capacity is greatly improved, and the storage capacity loss of the wedge-shaped area is reduced.
Step b, a well completion method: and both the E-shaped horizontal production well group 1 and the E-shaped horizontal steam injection well group 2 adopt slotted screen pipe to complete the well.
The horizontal section of the horizontal production well 11 is connected with a slotted screen pipe in the branch well 12 of the production well through a flexible structure; the horizontal section of the horizontal steam injection well 21 is connected with the slotted screen in the branch well 22 of the steam injection well through a flexible structure, so that the collapse of the well hole is effectively prevented.
In one embodiment of the invention, the flexible structure employs an expandable and retractable junction tube.
Step c, underground monitoring: as shown in fig. 4, a coiled tubing 13 is put into a horizontal production well 11, a temperature and pressure measuring structure (temperature can be monitored by a temperature measuring couple, pressure can be monitored by a bubble tube; continuous optical fiber can be adopted, and temperature and pressure can be measured simultaneously) is arranged in the coiled tubing 13, and a conventional double-tubular column tubing and the temperature and pressure measuring structure are not required to be put into a production well branch well 12; an electrical submersible pump 14 is lowered into the horizontal section of the horizontal production well 11.
In order to accurately control the well temperature of each node part, a connecting part temperature measuring couple is additionally arranged at the connecting part of the horizontal section of the horizontal production well 11 of the coiled tubing 13 and the production well branch well 12.
Step d, starting the method: the conventional double-tubular oil pipe is not arranged in the production well branch well 12, the conventional steam circulation preheating starting technology cannot be adopted, and the method for producing the crude oil in the SAGD wedge-shaped area adopts a solvent injection method to complete the starting, which specifically comprises the following steps:
normal temperature solvent (normal temperature is oil field ground operation temperature, 10-35 ℃) is squeezed and injected into the E-type horizontal production well group 1 and the E-type horizontal steam injection well group 2 by raising pressure (higher than pore pressure and lower than minimum main stress), and fluid communication is established among the horizontal section of the horizontal production well 11, the horizontal section of the production well branch well 12 and the horizontal steam injection well 21, and the steam injection well branch well 22; and then, squeezing and injecting a high-temperature solvent from the E-type horizontal steam injection well group 2 (namely heating the solvent to ensure that the solvent carries certain heat to enter an oil reservoir, wherein the temperature range is 100-300 ℃), producing from the E-type horizontal production well group 1, establishing thermal communication between the E-type horizontal production well group 1 and the E-type horizontal steam injection well group 2, and stopping solvent injection.
As shown in fig. 4, in step c, a first steam injection pipe 23 and a second steam injection pipe 24 are lowered into the horizontal steam injection well 21, wherein the length of the first steam injection pipe 23 is greater than that of the second steam injection pipe 24; in the step d, normal temperature solvent is injected into the horizontal steam injection well 21 and the branch well 22 of the steam injection well through the first steam injection pipe 23, after fluid communication is established (obvious pressure linkage occurs between wells, pressure monitoring can be realized at a well head), high temperature solvent is squeezed and injected into the E-shaped horizontal steam injection well group 2 through the second steam injection pipe 24 (short pipe), slow output is carried out from the E-shaped horizontal production well group 1 at the lower part, output back pressure is controlled by using an oil nozzle, and thermal communication between the E-shaped horizontal production well group 1 and the E-shaped horizontal steam injection well group 2 is established. And judging the communication degree of the horizontal sections of the E-type horizontal production well group 1 and the E-type horizontal steam injection well group 2 through logging underground temperature distribution. And when uniform heat communication is established among wells (the communication degree is judged to reach 90%), stopping solvent injection, and transferring to a normal SAGD production stage.
Step e, SAGD production: continuously injecting water vapor into the E-shaped horizontal steam injection well group 2; the electric submersible pump 14 is started to produce crude oil.
During steam injection, the steam quantity is reasonably distributed through the first steam injection pipe 23 and the second steam injection pipe 24 in the horizontal steam injection well 21, and steam is continuously injected with high quality. The steam cavity formed by adopting the E-shaped well arrangement mode is shown in figure 2, wherein the main well steam cavity 31 and the branch well steam cavity 32 are better developed and connected, the wedge-shaped area is not existed any more, and the high-temperature steam almost fills the whole well group coverage area.
And starting the electric submersible pump 14 to produce crude oil, and adjusting the liquid production rate of the electric submersible pump according to the subcylinder and the hot spot distribution in the liquid production process, thereby strictly controlling the steam channeling among wells.
In order to avoid the low temperature in the production well branch well 12 and the failure of crude oil production in the production well branch well 12, a main enhanced lift oil pipe 15 is put into the horizontal production well 11, and branch enhanced lift pipes 16 communicated with the main enhanced lift oil pipe are put into each production well branch well 12, as shown in fig. 4.
When the temperature measurement couple readings of the connecting part are continuously low, steam, hot water or solvent is injected into the E-shaped horizontal production well group 1 through the enhanced lifting main oil pipe 15 and the enhanced lifting branch pipe 16, and the crude oil output in the production well branch well 12 is promoted.
Examples
The target reservoir burial depth is 400m, the average effective thickness of an oil layer is 25m, the horizontal permeability is 2Darcy, and the crude oil viscosity is 100000mPaS at the formation temperature. And (3) deploying the double horizontal well groups according to an E-type well arrangement mode, wherein the distance between every two adjacent E-type horizontal production well groups (distance between every two adjacent E-type horizontal production well groups 1) of the SAGD main horizontal well groups is 100 m.
Firstly, a horizontal production well 11 is drilled, an E-shaped horizontal production well group 1 is arranged at a position 1m (a first distance) away from the bottom of an oil layer, an E-shaped horizontal steam injection well group 2 is arranged at a position 5m (a second distance) above the E-shaped horizontal production well group 1, and the horizontal section of the horizontal production well 11 is 400m long. 3 horizontal production well branch wells 12 are drilled from the tail end of the horizontal production well 11, the borehole diameter of each production well branch well 12 is 7 inches, the length of each production well branch well 12 is 50m, and the horizontal distance between the production well branch wells 12 of the two adjacent E-shaped horizontal production well groups 1 is 100 m. After completing the drilling work of the E-shaped horizontal production well group 1, a magnetic guide structure is put into the horizontal production well group, a horizontal steam injection well 21 is drilled at the position 5m above the magnetic guide structure, and meanwhile, a corresponding steam injection well branch well 22 is completed. The length and spacing of the steam injection well lateral wells 22 are consistent with those of the production well lateral wells 12.
And after the drilling work is finished, putting a slotted screen pipe into the well bores of the E-shaped horizontal production well group 1 and the E-shaped horizontal steam injection well group 2 for completion. The horizontal section of the horizontal production well 11 is connected with the slotted screen pipe in the production well branch well 12 through an expandable and retractable short connecting pipe; the horizontal section of the horizontal steam injection well 21 and the slotted screen in the branch well 22 of the steam injection well are connected through an expandable and retractable short connecting pipe.
A coiled tubing is put into the horizontal production well 11, a temperature and pressure measuring structure (a temperature and pressure measuring optical fiber) is arranged in the coiled tubing, and a conventional double-tubular column tubing and the temperature and pressure measuring structure are not required to be put into the production well branch well 12; an electric submersible pump is lowered into the horizontal section of the horizontal production well 11.
And filling solvents into the shafts of the E-type horizontal production well group 1 and the E-type horizontal steam injection well group 2, connecting the shafts with the pump trucks for injecting the solvents, and communicating the wells. And controlling the underground pressure to be lower than the minimum level main stress, wherein the injection rate is 7 square/day, and the underground pressure is lower than 9 MPa. And synchronously squeezing the E-type horizontal production well group 1 and the E-type horizontal steam injection well group 2 until obvious pressure linkage occurs between wells. High temperature solvent is then injected from the second steam injection pipe (short pipe) of the upper horizontal steam injection well 21 and slowly produced from the lower E-type horizontal production well group 1, with production back pressure controlled using a choke.
And judging the communication degree of the horizontal section through logging the underground temperature distribution. And when uniform heat communication is established among wells (the communication degree is judged to reach 90%), stopping solvent injection, and transferring to a normal SAGD production stage. The steam injection pressure is 4MPa, the steam injection temperature is 250 ℃, and the steam injection amount is gradually adjusted from 50m3/d to 140m 3/d. The well group adopts an operation strategy that subcylinder is approximately equal to 15 ℃, the liquid production rate of the electric submersible pump is properly adjusted, and the steam channeling among wells is strictly controlled. When the thermocouple at the connecting part of the production well branch well 12 and the horizontal production well 11 shows that the temperature is continuously low, steam is injected in stages through the reinforced lifting main oil pipe and the reinforced lifting branch pipe, and the crude oil output in the production well branch well 12 is promoted.
Because 3 horizontal production well branch wells 12 and steam injection well branch wells 22 are added in the E-shaped well arrangement mode, the actual production effect is equivalent to a horizontal well with the length of 550 m. Due to the increased effective well length, the oil recovery rate is increased by about 37.5% relative to a conventional well group. Four-dimensional seismic monitoring of the well zone was performed 7 years after production as shown in fig. 2, explaining that the steam cavity developed well with better continuity, the wedge no longer existed and high temperature steam almost filled the entire well group coverage area. The wedge area that conventional SAGD horizontal well group production left is adopted by gravity drainage technology and is adopted, and wedge area remaining oil reduces by a wide margin.
In the method for producing the crude oil in the SAGD wedge-shaped area, the double horizontal wells (the horizontal production well and the horizontal steam injection well) adopt an E-shaped well arrangement mode, so that the horizontal segment lengths of the production well and the steam injection well are effectively increased compared with the conventional SAGD well group, and the oil production speed is greatly increased; the E-type well arrangement mode can enable the production well and the steam injection well to efficiently cover the wedge-shaped area left by the whole conventional SAGD horizontal well group, greatly improve SAGD recoverable reserve and reduce the reserve loss of the wedge-shaped area; the E-shaped well arrangement mode can accelerate the fusion between steam cavities, reduce the difficulty of differential pressure operation of adjacent well groups and avoid the contradiction of uneven steam distribution; the E-type double-horizontal well production is mainly based on gravity drainage, and compared with the existing displacement production mode of the encryption well, the E-type double-horizontal well production has the advantages of lower oil-gas ratio and better economy; in addition, the E-type double-horizontal well can be put into production after drilling is finished, cash flow recovery is accelerated, the encryption well only plays a role in the end of the SAGD full life cycle, and cost recovery is extremely slow. In the method for producing the crude oil in the SAGD wedge-shaped area, the drilling of the E-shaped double horizontal well is controlled in a magnetic guiding mode, the well track is easy to control, and the safety is high.
The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications that can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention should fall within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for producing crude oil in an SAGD wedge-shaped area is characterized in that well arrangement of an E-type horizontal production well group and an E-type horizontal steam injection well group is completed in an SAGD oil reservoir; injecting solvents into the E-type horizontal production well group and the E-type horizontal steam injection well group for inter-well communication, and performing SAGD production after the inter-well communication;
comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
step a, a well arrangement method: a horizontal production well is arranged at a first distance above the bottom of the oil layer, and production well branch wells arranged along the horizontal direction are arranged at intervals along the horizontal section of the horizontal production well to form an E-shaped horizontal production well group; a horizontal steam injection well is arranged at a second distance above the horizontal production well, and steam injection well branch wells arranged along the horizontal direction are arranged at intervals along the horizontal section of the horizontal steam injection well to form an E-shaped horizontal steam injection well group, and each steam injection well branch well is respectively arranged above each production well branch well;
step b, a well completion method: the E-type horizontal production well group and the E-type horizontal steam injection well group are completed by adopting slotted screen pipes;
step c, underground monitoring: putting a coiled tubing into the horizontal production well, wherein a temperature and pressure measuring structure is arranged in the coiled tubing; putting an electric submersible pump into a horizontal section of the horizontal production well;
step d, starting the method: normal temperature solvent is pumped, squeezed and injected into the E-shaped horizontal production well group and the E-shaped horizontal steam injection well group, and fluid communication is established among the horizontal section of the horizontal production well, the horizontal sections of the production well branch well and the horizontal steam injection well and the steam injection well branch well; then, squeezing and injecting high-temperature solvent from the E-shaped horizontal steam injection well group, producing from the E-shaped horizontal production well group, establishing thermal communication between the E-shaped horizontal production well group and the E-shaped horizontal steam injection well group, and stopping solvent injection;
step e, SAGD production: continuously injecting water vapor into the E-shaped horizontal steam injection well group; and starting the electric submersible pump to produce crude oil.
2. The method of producing SAGD wedge crude oil of claim 1, wherein in step a, the free ends of the production and steam injection well lateral wells are located at the core of the wedge left by conventional SAGD horizontal well group production.
3. The method of producing SAGD wedge crude oil of claim 1, wherein in step a, after the horizontal production and production well lateral wells are established, a magnetic guide structure is run into the horizontal production and production well lateral wells.
4. The method of producing SAGD wedge crude oil of claim 1, wherein in step b, the horizontal section of the horizontal production well and the slotted screen in the production well lateral are connected by a flexible structure; the horizontal section of the horizontal steam injection well is connected with the slotted sieve tube in the branch well of the steam injection well through a flexible structure.
5. The method of producing SAGD wedge crude oil of claim 1, wherein in step c, a connecting section temperature couple is provided at the connection of the horizontal section of the horizontal production well and the production well lateral.
6. The method of producing SAGD wedge crude oil of claim 5, wherein in step c a first steam injection pipe and a second steam injection pipe are lowered into the horizontal steam injection well, the first steam injection pipe having a length greater than the second steam injection pipe; and d, injecting a normal-temperature solvent into the horizontal steam injection well and the steam injection well branch well through the first steam injection pipe, after fluid communication is established, extruding and injecting a high-temperature solvent into the E-shaped horizontal steam injection well group through the second steam injection pipe, outputting from the E-shaped horizontal production well group, and establishing thermal communication between the E-shaped horizontal production well group and the E-shaped horizontal steam injection well group.
7. The method of producing SAGD wedge crude oil of claim 5, wherein in step c, an enhanced lift main tubing is lowered into a horizontal production well, and an enhanced lift lateral in communication with the enhanced lift main tubing is lowered into each production well lateral.
8. The method of producing SAGD wedge crude oil of claim 7, wherein when the temperature couple readings are low, the production of crude oil from a production well lateral is promoted by injecting steam, hot water or solvent into the E-type horizontal production well group through the enhanced lift main tubing and the enhanced lift lateral tubing.
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| CN112901127A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2021-06-04 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Multi-branch SAGD reservoir expansion oil extraction method for super heavy oil reservoir |
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