CN108868694B - Fracturing sliding sleeve - Google Patents

Fracturing sliding sleeve Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108868694B
CN108868694B CN201810953959.5A CN201810953959A CN108868694B CN 108868694 B CN108868694 B CN 108868694B CN 201810953959 A CN201810953959 A CN 201810953959A CN 108868694 B CN108868694 B CN 108868694B
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China
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inner cylinder
diameter inner
small
valve body
cavity
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CN201810953959.5A
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CN108868694A (en
Inventor
帅春岗
马辉运
魏微
邓友超
李明
喻冰
付玉坤
刘辉
张芳芳
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Petrochina Co Ltd
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Petrochina Co Ltd
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B34/00Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
    • E21B34/06Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
    • E21B34/14Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by movement of tools, e.g. sleeve valves operated by pistons or wire line tools
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25Methods for stimulating production
    • E21B43/26Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures

Abstract

The invention discloses a fracturing sliding sleeve, and belongs to the field of oilfield instruments. This fracturing sliding sleeve includes: the left connector, the valve body, the right connector, the small-diameter inner cylinder, the large-diameter inner cylinder, the elastic piece and the first shear pin are sequentially connected from left to right. Wherein, be provided with first sand blasting hole on the lateral wall of valve body, just, valve body and path inner tube are connected through first shear pin. The small-diameter inner cylinder and the large-diameter inner cylinder are connected in a left-right mode and are all movably sleeved in the valve body, a second sand blasting hole is formed in the side wall of the small-diameter inner cylinder and is used for being communicated with the first sand blasting hole after the small-diameter inner cylinder moves. The valve body, the small-diameter inner cylinder and the left joint are matched to form a first cavity, and the valve body, the large-diameter inner cylinder and the right joint are matched to form a second cavity. An annular cavity is formed between the large-diameter inner cylinder and the valve body, and the elastic piece is arranged in the annular cavity. The pressure sliding sleeve provided by the invention is simple to operate, short in period and low in cost, can meet the requirement of twice shaft pressure tests, and is not limited in pressure test time.

Description

Fracturing sliding sleeve
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oilfield instruments, in particular to a fracturing sliding sleeve.
Background
In oilfield development, fracturing operations are generally required to improve the flow environment of oil in the subsurface and increase the production of oil wells. It is important to establish a fracture path in the well prior to the fracturing operation.
The related art establishes a fracture path in an oil well by perforating a fracturing string while performing a fracturing operation.
The inventor finds that the prior art has at least the following problems:
if fracturing operation needs to be carried out in a deeper horizontal well, a coiled tubing needs to be adopted for perforating on a fracturing string so as to establish a first section of fracturing channel in an oil well, so that the period is long, the cost is high, and the fracturing operation is limited by the length of the well depth and the length of the horizontal section.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a fracturing sliding sleeve, which can solve the technical problem. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
the embodiment of the invention provides a fracturing sliding sleeve, which comprises: the left joint, the valve body, the right joint, the small-diameter inner cylinder, the large-diameter inner cylinder, the elastic piece and the first shear pin are sequentially connected from left to right;
a first sand blasting hole is formed in the side wall of the valve body, and the valve body is connected with the small-diameter inner cylinder through the first shear pin;
the small-diameter inner cylinder and the large-diameter inner cylinder are connected in a left-right mode and are movably sleeved in the valve body, a second sand blasting hole is formed in the side wall of the small-diameter inner cylinder and is used for being communicated with the first sand blasting hole after the small-diameter inner cylinder moves;
the valve body, the small-diameter inner cylinder and the left joint are matched to form a first cavity, and the valve body, the large-diameter inner cylinder and the right joint are matched to form a second cavity;
an annular cavity is formed between the large-diameter inner cylinder and the valve body, and the elastic piece is arranged in the annular cavity.
In one possible design, the fracturing sleeve further comprises: the elastic ring, the ring body and the second shear pin;
the outer wall of the small-diameter inner cylinder is sequentially abutted against the ring body, the elastic ring and the inner wall of the valve body, and the elastic ring and the ring body are arranged in the first cavity;
the ring body is connected with the small-diameter inner cylinder through the second shear pin, and a boss for accommodating the elastic ring is arranged at the right end of the ring body;
and a clamping groove for accommodating the ring body is formed in the outer wall of the small-diameter inner cylinder.
In one possible design, a first pressure transfer hole communicated with the first cavity is formed in the side wall of the small-diameter inner cylinder;
and a second pressure transmission hole communicated with the second cavity is formed in the side wall of the large-diameter inner cylinder.
In one possible design, high temperature solid butter is disposed within the first cavity and the second cavity.
In one possible design, the resilient member is a spring.
In a possible design, a retaining ring positioned on the left side of the elastic part is arranged in an annular cavity between the large-diameter inner cylinder and the valve body.
In one possible design, sealing rings are arranged between the valve body and the left joint, between the valve body and the right joint, between the valve body and the small-diameter inner cylinder, between the valve body and the large-diameter inner cylinder, and between the valve body and the large-diameter inner cylinder.
In one possible design, the left joint, the valve body and the right joint are sequentially connected in a threaded manner.
In one possible design, the right end of the small-diameter inner cylinder is in threaded connection with the left end of the large-diameter inner cylinder.
In one possible design, the first and second blast holes are plugged with a dissolvable material.
In a possible design, the valve body is provided with a pressure balancing groove for balancing pressure between the valve body and the large-diameter inner cylinder.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the fracturing sliding sleeve provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first shear pin is arranged, and the valve body is connected with the small-diameter inner cylinder through the first shear pin, so that the valve body can be firmly connected with the small-diameter inner cylinder, the valve body and the small-diameter inner cylinder can be relatively stable before the pressure reaches a preset value, and the smooth operation of well cementation is ensured. By arranging the small-diameter inner cylinder and the large-diameter inner cylinder, the small-diameter inner cylinder and the large-diameter inner cylinder can move towards the direction of the small-diameter inner cylinder after the pressure reaches a preset value, and further the smooth proceeding of the subsequent pressure testing operation is ensured. The elastic piece is arranged in the annular cavity of the large-diameter inner cylinder and the annular cavity of the valve body, so that the small-diameter inner cylinder and the large-diameter inner cylinder can move in the reverse direction after the pressure test operation is finished, the first sand blasting hole in the side wall of the valve body is communicated with the second sand blasting hole in the side wall of the small-diameter inner cylinder, and a fracturing channel is smoothly established. Through setting up first cavity and second cavity, for path inner tube and big footpath inner tube provide the space that can remove about. Therefore, the fracturing sliding sleeve provided by the embodiment of the invention is simple to operate, short in period and low in cost when a fracturing channel is established, can meet the requirement of two shaft pressure tests, and is not limited in pressure test time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fracturing sleeve provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a fracturing sliding sleeve provided by an embodiment of the invention.
The reference numerals denote:
1, a left joint is arranged at the left part,
2, a valve body is arranged on the valve body,
201 a first sand-blast hole is provided,
3 the right joint is connected with the right joint,
4, an inner cylinder with a small diameter,
401 a second sand-blasting hole is formed,
402 a first pressure transfer port in the first chamber,
5, an inner cylinder with a large diameter is arranged,
501 a second pressure transfer port of the second type,
6 an elastic member is arranged on the base plate,
7, a first shear pin is arranged in the first shear pin,
8, the elastic ring is arranged on the upper surface of the frame,
9, the ring body is a hollow ring body,
10. a second shear pin having a first shear pin,
11, a baffle ring is arranged on the upper surface of the cylinder body,
x a first cavity is formed in the first side of the substrate,
and Y is a second cavity.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be noted that the following "left" and "right" directions refer to directions of the fracturing sliding sleeve provided by the embodiment of the present invention when the fracturing sliding sleeve is operated in a horizontal well, and at this time, the fracturing sliding sleeve is located at a toe end (i.e., a front end) of the horizontal well. When the fracturing sleeve is applied to a vertical well, the left direction and the right direction can be understood as the up direction and the down direction.
The embodiment of the invention provides a fracturing sliding sleeve, which comprises the following components in part by weight as shown in the attached figure 1: the left connector 1, the valve body 2, the right connector 3, the small-diameter inner cylinder 4, the large-diameter inner cylinder 5, the elastic element 6 and the first shear pin 7 are sequentially connected from left to right. Wherein, be provided with first sand blasting hole 201 on the lateral wall of valve body 2, just, valve body 2 is connected through first shear pin 7 with path inner tube 4. The small-diameter inner cylinder 4 and the large-diameter inner cylinder 5 are connected left and right and are sleeved in the valve body 2 in a movable mode, a second sand blasting hole 401 is formed in the side wall of the small-diameter inner cylinder 4, and the second sand blasting hole 401 is used for being communicated with the first sand blasting hole 201 after the small-diameter inner cylinder 4 moves. The valve body 2, the small-diameter inner cylinder 4 and the left joint 1 are matched to form a first cavity X, and the valve body 2, the large-diameter inner cylinder 5 and the right joint 3 are matched to form a second cavity Y. An annular cavity is formed between the large-diameter inner cylinder 5 and the valve body 2, and the elastic piece 6 is arranged in the annular cavity.
When fracturing operation is required to be carried out in a deeper horizontal well, the left joint 1 and the right joint 3 are respectively connected with the casing and are put into a shaft along with the casing, and well cementation operation is completed. Then, a pressure test operation is performed, pressure is pumped into the casing from the wellhead, and since the inner diameter of the small-diameter inner cylinder 4 is smaller than that of the large-diameter inner cylinder 5, the large-diameter inner cylinder 5 is subjected to a larger stress, when the pressure in the fracturing sliding sleeve reaches a preset value, the first shear pin 7 is sheared, the small-diameter inner cylinder 4 and the large-diameter inner cylinder 5 move leftwards, the elastic piece 6 is compressed, and the first pressure test operation is completed (at this time, the left end of the small-diameter inner cylinder 4 is located in the first cavity X). And then, pressure is released from the well mouth, the small-diameter inner cylinder 4 and the large-diameter inner cylinder 5 move rightwards under the action of the elastic force of the elastic piece 6, the elastic ring 8 falls onto a boss of the ring body 9, the second shear pin 10 is cut off at the same time, and the ring body 9 falls into a forehead clamping groove on the outer wall of the small-diameter inner cylinder 4. And pumping into the sleeve again, driving the ring body 9 to move leftwards again by the large-diameter inner cylinder 5 and the small-diameter inner cylinder 4, enabling the elastic ring 8 to fall on the side wall of the small-diameter inner cylinder 4, and compressing the elastic part 6 again to complete the second pressure test operation (at the moment, the left end of the small-diameter inner cylinder 4 is positioned in the first cavity X). And then, the pressure is released again from the wellhead, the elastic element 6 restores the original state under the action of the elasticity of the elastic element, and then the small-diameter inner cylinder 4 and the large-diameter inner cylinder 5 are driven to move rightwards, so that the first sand blasting hole 201 is communicated with the second sand blasting hole 401, and the establishment of a fracturing channel is completed (at the moment, the right end of the large-diameter inner cylinder 5 is positioned in the second cavity Y).
According to the fracturing sliding sleeve provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first shear pin 7 is arranged, and the valve body 2 is connected with the small-diameter inner cylinder 4 through the first shear pin 7, so that the valve body 2 and the small-diameter inner cylinder 4 can be firmly connected, and the pressure can be relatively stable before reaching a preset value, and the well cementation operation can be smoothly carried out. By arranging the small-diameter inner cylinder 4 and the large-diameter inner cylinder 5, the small-diameter inner cylinder and the large-diameter inner cylinder can move towards the direction of the small-diameter inner cylinder 4 after the pressure reaches a preset value, and further, the smooth proceeding of subsequent pressure testing operation is ensured. By arranging the elastic part 6 in the annular cavities of the large-diameter inner cylinder 5 and the valve body 2, the small-diameter inner cylinder 4 and the large-diameter inner cylinder 5 can move in the reverse direction after the pressure test operation is finished, so that the first sand blasting holes 201 in the side wall of the valve body 2 are communicated with the second sand blasting holes 401 in the side wall of the small-diameter inner cylinder 4, and a fracturing channel is smoothly established. By arranging the first cavity X and the second cavity Y, a space capable of moving left and right is provided for the small-diameter inner cylinder 4 and the large-diameter inner cylinder 5. Therefore, the fracturing sliding sleeve provided by the embodiment of the invention is simple to operate, short in period and low in cost when a fracturing channel is established, can meet the requirement of two shaft pressure tests, and is not limited in pressure test time.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the fracturing sliding sleeve further comprises: elastic ring 8, ring body 9, second shear pin 10. Wherein, the outer wall of the small-diameter inner cylinder 4, the ring body 9, the elastic ring 8 and the inner wall of the valve body 2 are sequentially abutted. Wherein, the ring body 9 is connected with the small-diameter inner cylinder 4 through a second shear pin 11. The right end of the ring body 9 is provided with a boss for accommodating the elastic ring 8. The outer wall of the small-diameter inner cylinder 4 is provided with a clamping groove for accommodating the ring body 9.
After the well cementation operation is finished, a first pressure test operation is carried out, pressure is pumped into the casing from a well mouth, after the pressure reaches a preset value, the first shear pin 7 is sheared, the small-diameter inner cylinder 4, the large-diameter inner cylinder 5 and the ring body 9 move leftwards together, at the moment, the elastic piece 6 is compressed, the elastic ring 8 falls on a boss at the right end of the ring body, and the first pressure test operation is completed. Then, pressure is released from the well mouth, the elastic part 6 is restored under the action of the elasticity of the elastic part, the small-diameter inner cylinder 4 and the large-diameter inner cylinder 5 are driven to move rightwards, the second shear pin 11 is cut off simultaneously, the ring body 9 falls into the clamping groove in the outer wall of the small-diameter inner cylinder 4, the elastic ring 8 falls on the ring body 9, and at the moment, the fracturing sliding sleeve is in a closed state (namely the first sand blasting hole 201 and the second sand blasting hole 401 are not communicated).
And then, carrying out a second pressure test operation, pumping pressure from the wellhead to the interior of the sleeve, moving the small-diameter inner cylinder 4, the large-diameter inner cylinder 5 and the ring body 9 leftwards together, separating the elastic ring 8 from the ring body 9 after reaching the preset position, and compressing the elastic part 6 again to finish the second pressure test operation (at the moment, the left end of the small-diameter inner cylinder 4 is positioned in the first cavity X). Then, the pressure is released from the well mouth, the elastic element 6 recovers under the action of the elasticity of the elastic element, and then the small-diameter inner cylinder 4 and the large-diameter inner cylinder 5 are driven to move rightwards, so that the first sand blasting hole 201 and the second sand blasting hole 401 are communicated, the establishment of a fracturing channel is completed (at the moment, the right end of the large-diameter inner cylinder 5 is positioned in the second cavity Y), and at the moment, the sealing ring at the right end of the large-diameter inner cylinder 5 falls into the pressure balance groove at the right end of the valve body.
Through setting up elastic ring 8, ring body 9, second shear pin 10, 4 outside draw-in grooves of path inner tube, ensure after the first pressure testing operation, elastic ring 8 falls on the boss of ring body 9, make the fracturing sliding sleeve keep the closed condition (first sand blasting hole 201 and second sand blasting hole 401 do not communicate promptly). After the second shear pin 11 is sheared, a second pressure test operation can be performed, that is, the fracturing sliding sleeve provided by the embodiment of the invention can perform two pressure test operations, so that the requirements of shaft pressure test can be better met, and no requirements are imposed on a pressure test value and pressure test time.
In order to ensure that the small-diameter inner cylinder 4 and the large-diameter inner cylinder 5 can move left and right smoothly in the operation process, as shown in fig. 1, a first pressure transfer hole 402 communicated with the first cavity X is arranged on the side wall of the small-diameter inner cylinder 4. The side wall of the large-diameter inner cylinder 5 is provided with a second pressure transmission hole 501 communicated with the second cavity Y. It can be understood that, when the small-diameter inner cylinder 4 and the large-diameter inner cylinder 5 move leftward, the pressure in the first cavity X is discharged from the first pressure transfer hole 402; when the small-diameter inner cylinder 4 and the large-diameter inner cylinder 5 move rightward, the pressure in the second cavity Y is discharged from the second pressure transfer hole 501.
Further, in order to prevent a portion of residual cement from entering the first cavity X and the second cavity Y during completion operations, solid butter may be provided in the first cavity X and the second cavity Y.
In order to ensure that the elastic member 6 has a simple structure, low cost and good elasticity, the elastic member 6 may be provided as a spring.
Further, a retainer ring 12 located on the left side of the elastic member 6 may be provided in an annular cavity between the large-diameter inner cylinder 5 and the valve body 2, see fig. 1.
In order to ensure that the baffle ring 12 can be tightly fixed in the annular cavity between the large-diameter inner cylinder 5 and the valve body 2, the baffle ring 12 can be welded on the outer wall of the large-diameter inner cylinder 5.
In order to improve the sealing performance between the valve body 2 and the left joint 1, between the valve body 2 and the right joint 3, and between the valve body 2 and the small-diameter inner cylinder 4, sealing rings may be provided between the valve body 2 and each of the left joint 1, the right joint 3, the small-diameter inner cylinder 4, and the large-diameter inner cylinder 5.
In order to guarantee that left side connects 1 and valve body 2, valve body 2 and right side to connect 3 and be connected the fastening, convenient to detach simultaneously, can connect 1, valve body 2, right side to connect 3 threaded connection in order with the left side.
In order to ensure that the small-diameter inner cylinder 4 is connected and fastened with the large-diameter inner cylinder 5 and is convenient to detach, the right end of the small-diameter inner cylinder 4 is in threaded connection with the left end of the large-diameter inner cylinder 5.
In order to prevent solid particles from slipping in the process of putting the fracturing sleeve into a well and cementing operation, which affects subsequent pressure test operation and smooth operation of establishing a fracturing channel, the first sand blasting hole 201 and the second sand blasting hole 401 can be plugged by soluble materials. Among them, the soluble material is common in the art, and for example, it can be a PAG degradable material or a magnesium aluminum alloy.
In the embodiment of the invention, the valve body 2 is provided with a pressure balance groove for balancing the pressure between the valve body 2 and the large-diameter inner cylinder 5.
Through set up pressure balance groove at 2 inner wall right-hand members of valve body, ensure that after first sandblast hole 201 on the 2 lateral walls of valve body and the second sandblast hole 401 on the 4 lateral walls of path inner tube communicate, path inner tube 4 and 5 both ends atress balances in the path inner tube, first sandblast hole 201 and second sandblast hole 401 are in the connected state all the time.
In summary, when the fracturing sliding sleeve provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for establishing the first-section (namely front-end) fracturing channel operation of the deep long horizontal-section shale gas well, two shaft pressure test operations can be performed, and the probability of complex accidents such as casing deformation, fracturing fluid loss, pressure test operation interruption due to equipment and the like is reduced.
Further, the shear pin of the present invention may be replaced with a rupture disc or the like. Here, the shear pin and the rupture disk both refer to the opening mode of the fracturing sliding sleeve, that is, the fracturing sliding sleeve can be opened through the shear pin and also can be opened through the rupture disk.
The fracturing sleeve is suitable for vertical wells, highly-deviated wells and horizontal wells of oil and gas reservoirs such as compact oil (gas), coal bed gas, shale oil (gas) and the like, is suitable for various well completion modes such as open hole well completion, casing well completion and the like, and is particularly suitable for first-section fracturing yield-increasing transformation construction of deep long-horizontal-section shale gas wells.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A fracturing sliding sleeve, comprising: the valve comprises a left joint (1), a valve body (2), a right joint (3), a small-diameter inner cylinder (4), a large-diameter inner cylinder (5), an elastic piece (6), a first shear pin (7), an elastic ring (8), a ring body (9) and a second shear pin (10) which are connected in sequence from left to right;
a first sand blasting hole (201) is formed in the side wall of the valve body (2), and the valve body (2) is connected with the small-diameter inner cylinder (4) through the first shear pin (7);
the small-diameter inner cylinder (4) and the large-diameter inner cylinder (5) are connected left and right and are movably sleeved in the valve body (2), a second sand blasting hole (401) is formed in the side wall of the small-diameter inner cylinder (4), and the second sand blasting hole (401) is used for being communicated with the first sand blasting hole (201) after the small-diameter inner cylinder (4) moves;
the valve body (2), the small-diameter inner cylinder (4) and the left joint (1) are matched to form a first cavity (X), and the valve body (2), the large-diameter inner cylinder (5) and the right joint (3) are matched to form a second cavity (Y);
an annular cavity is formed between the large-diameter inner cylinder (5) and the valve body (2), and the elastic piece (6) is arranged in the annular cavity;
the outer wall of the small-diameter inner cylinder (4) is sequentially abutted against the ring body (9), the elastic ring (8) and the inner wall of the valve body (2), and the elastic ring (8) and the ring body (9) are arranged in the first cavity (X);
the ring body (9) is connected with the small-diameter inner cylinder (4) through the second shear pin (10), and a boss for accommodating the elastic ring (8) is arranged at the right end of the ring body;
and a clamping groove for containing the ring body (9) is formed in the outer wall of the small-diameter inner cylinder (4).
2. The fracturing sliding sleeve according to claim 1, wherein the side wall of the small-diameter inner cylinder (4) is provided with a first pressure transfer hole (402) communicated with the first cavity (X);
and a second pressure transfer hole (501) communicated with the second cavity (Y) is formed in the side wall of the large-diameter inner cylinder (5).
3. The fracturing sliding sleeve of claim 2, wherein high temperature solid butter is disposed within the first cavity (X) and the second cavity (Y).
4. Fracturing sliding sleeve according to claim 1, wherein the elastic member (6) is a spring.
5. The fracturing sliding sleeve according to claim 4, wherein a baffle ring (11) positioned at the left side of the elastic part (6) is arranged in an annular cavity between the large-diameter inner cylinder (5) and the valve body (2).
6. The fracturing sliding sleeve according to claim 1, wherein sealing rings are arranged between the valve body (2) and the left joint (1), the right joint (3), the small-diameter inner cylinder (4) and the large-diameter inner cylinder (5).
7. The fracturing sliding sleeve of claim 1, wherein the left joint (1), the valve body (2) and the right joint (3) are sequentially connected by screw threads.
8. The fracturing sliding sleeve of claim 1, wherein the right end of the small-diameter inner cylinder (4) is in threaded connection with the left end of the large-diameter inner cylinder (5).
9. The fracturing sliding sleeve of claim 1, wherein the first sand blast hole (201) and the second sand blast hole (401) are plugged by a dissolvable material.
CN201810953959.5A 2018-08-21 2018-08-21 Fracturing sliding sleeve Active CN108868694B (en)

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CN111021990B (en) * 2019-12-18 2023-07-25 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Toe-soluble end sliding sleeve for well cementation and completion and use method thereof
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