CN110952959A - Oil pipe transmission directional fixed surface perforating pipe column - Google Patents
Oil pipe transmission directional fixed surface perforating pipe column Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110952959A CN110952959A CN201811124729.4A CN201811124729A CN110952959A CN 110952959 A CN110952959 A CN 110952959A CN 201811124729 A CN201811124729 A CN 201811124729A CN 110952959 A CN110952959 A CN 110952959A
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- oil pipe
- centralizer
- sand blaster
- groove
- eccentric
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/119—Details, e.g. for locating perforating place or direction
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/267—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures reinforcing fractures by propping
Abstract
The invention discloses an oil pipe transmission directional fixed-surface perforating pipe column, and belongs to the technical field of reservoir transformation. The pipe string comprises: the device comprises an oil pipe connector, a hydraulic safety release, an upper centralizer, an upper rotary joint, an eccentric direction finder, a lower rotary joint, a sand blaster, a lower centralizer, a packer, a coupling positioner and a guide shoe which are sequentially connected. The eccentric direction finder automatically finishes the direction under the action of gravity and drives the sand blaster to rotate, so that the nozzle of the sand blaster is opposite to the preset direction, thus when the sand blaster performs sand blasting perforation on a reservoir stratum, an eyelet with a directional fixed surface can be formed, a crack with a controllable extension direction is formed in the eyelet in the fracturing process, the crack is effectively communicated with the existing crack of a peripheral well pattern, and the transformation effect on the existing directional well pattern is enhanced; meanwhile, by adopting an oil pipe transmission perforating mode, perforating operation is completed under the condition that a continuous oil pipe and related operation equipment with pressure are not used, and construction cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of reservoir transformation, in particular to an oil pipe transmission directional fixed surface perforating device.
Background
In the development process of the coal bed gas, in order to exert the potential of a reservoir to the maximum extent, improve the yield of a single well, and optimally select a small-curvature-radius directional well to reform the existing directional well pattern. The conventional perforation mode is adopted to carry out perforation operation on the directional well with small curvature radius, and the formed cracks cannot extend to the expected direction in the subsequent process of fracturing the perforation, so that the cracks cannot be effectively communicated with the existing cracks of the peripheral well pattern, and the reconstruction effect is poor; in addition, due to the well type limitation of the directional well with small curvature radius, a coiled tubing is required to be used for carrying out conventional perforation operation and the related operation equipment with pressure is matched, so that the construction cost is high.
Therefore, the research on the oil pipe transmission directional fixed-surface perforating pipe column aiming at the directional well with small curvature radius has important significance for enhancing the transformation effect, reducing the construction cost and further exerting the potential of the reservoir to the maximum extent.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an oil pipe transmission oriented fixed-surface perforating pipe column for an oriented well with a small curvature radius, and aims to solve the problems of poor transformation effect and high construction cost caused by a conventional perforating mode in the transformation process of the existing oriented well pattern. The technical scheme is as follows:
a tubing conveyed oriented fixed surface perforating string, the string comprising:
the device comprises an oil pipe connector, a hydraulic safety release, an upper centralizer, an upper rotary joint, an eccentric direction finder, a lower rotary joint, a sand blaster, a lower centralizer, a packer, a coupling positioner and a guide shoe which are sequentially connected;
the upper end of the oil pipe connector is connected with an oil pipe; the eccentric direction finder and the sand blaster are relatively fixed, and a preset angle difference is formed between a nozzle of the sand blaster and one side of the eccentric direction finder where the center is located;
the packer comprises a setting ball seat and a blocking ball matched with the setting ball seat in size; the lower end of the guide shoe is connected with the oil pipe.
The coupling locator includes: the cylinder, spacer, elastomeric element, upper cover cap and lower block. Wherein, the cylinder body is provided with a groove; the axial length of spacer with the axial length of recess is the same, the both ends of spacer with the inner wall of recess both sides offsets, and with the recess forms the space, the spacer is kept away from there is outstanding step on one side of coupling locator axis.
The elastic component is positioned in a space formed by the groove and the positioning sheet; the upper cap and the lower cap are respectively positioned on two sides of the groove, and the upper cap and the lower cap limit the positioning sheet.
In an alternative embodiment, the number of the grooves, the number of the positioning pieces and the number of the elastic members are equal to a preset number.
Optionally, the resilient member is a spring leaf.
In an alternative embodiment, the eccentric orientator is a hollow cylinder eccentric orientator with a sector-shaped cross section.
Optionally, the upper centralizer has a preset number of helical centralizing strips with chamfers.
Optionally, the lower centralizer has a preset number of helical centralizing strips with chamfers.
In addition, the material of shutoff ball is soluble material, the shutoff ball can fall in on the setting ball seat, the shutoff ball can dissolve by oneself in the certain time, is convenient for do not carry out the follow-up production operation directly by the tubular column.
Optionally, except for the plugging ball, other components of the tubular column are made of metal.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that at least:
in the oil pipe transmission oriented fixed-face perforating pipe column provided by the embodiment of the invention, the eccentric director and the sand blaster are relatively fixed, and the side of the eccentric director with the center of gravity has a preset angle difference with a nozzle of the sand blaster, so that in the use process of the pipe column, the eccentric director drives the sand blaster to rotate under the action of gravity, and the nozzle of the sand blaster is opposite to the preset direction, therefore, when the sand blaster performs sand blasting perforation on a reservoir stratum, an eyelet with an oriented fixed face can be formed, a crack with a controllable extension direction is formed in the perforation process, the crack is effectively communicated with the existing crack of a peripheral well network, and the improvement effect on the existing oriented well network is enhanced.
Furthermore, by adopting an oil pipe transmission perforation mode, perforation operation is completed under the condition that a continuous oil pipe and related operation equipment with pressure are not used, and the construction cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tubing conveyed oriented fixed-face perforating string provided by an embodiment of the invention;
figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a collar locator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals in the drawings are explained as follows:
1 oil pipe connector, 2 hydraulic pressure safety release, 3 centering guide, 4 upper rotary joint, 5 eccentric direction finder, 6 lower rotary joint, 7 sand blaster, 8 lower centering guide, 9 packer, 10 collar locator, 11 guide shoes, 12 barrels, 13 spacer, 14 elastic component, 15 upper cover cap, 16 lower cover cap.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment of the invention provides an oil pipe transmission oriented fixed-surface perforating string for an oriented well with a small curvature radius, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight as shown in figure 1: the device comprises an oil pipe connector 1, a hydraulic safety release 2, an upper centralizer 3, an upper rotary joint 4, an eccentric direction finder 5, a lower rotary joint 6, a sand blaster 7, a lower centralizer 8, a packer 9, a coupling locator 10 and a guide shoe 11 which are connected in sequence.
Wherein, the upper end of the oil pipe connector 1 is connected with an oil pipe; the eccentric direction finder 5 and the sand blaster 7 are relatively fixed, and a preset angle difference is formed between a nozzle of the sand blaster 7 and one side of the eccentric direction finder 5 where the gravity center is located; the packer 9 comprises a setting ball seat and a plugging ball matched with the setting ball seat in size; the lower end of the guide shoe 11 is connected with an oil pipe.
Wherein, as shown in figure 1, the collar locator 10 comprises: the cylinder body 12, the positioning sheet 13, the elastic component 14, the upper cap 15 and the lower cap 16. The cylinder 12 is provided with a groove; the axial length of the locating piece 13 is the same as that of the groove, two ends of the locating piece 13 are abutted against the inner walls of two sides of the groove and form a space with the groove, and one side of the locating piece 13, which is far away from the central axis of the coupling positioner 10, is provided with a protruding step.
The elastic component 14 is positioned in the space formed by the groove and the positioning sheet 13; the upper cap 15 and the lower cap 16 are respectively located at two sides of the groove on the cylinder 12, and limit the positioning piece 13 and the elastic component 14 located in the groove.
The number of grooves on the barrel 12, the number of locating tabs 13 and the number of resilient members 14 are all equal predetermined numbers, and in an alternative embodiment, all six. On the premise that the number of the three is equal, the number of the grooves, the number of the positioning pieces 13 and the number of the elastic members 14 are not limited in the embodiment of the present invention, and for example, the number may be five or eight.
Alternatively, the elastic member 14 is a spring plate. The elastic member 14 is used for providing an elastic force to the positioning plate 13, and the embodiment of the present invention does not specifically limit the type of the elastic member 14, and other elastic members 14 having elasticity, such as springs, may be used as needed.
It should be noted that, because the eccentric direction finder 5 has an eccentric structure, the side of the eccentric direction finder 5 where the center of gravity is located is always located at the lower end of the oil pipe axis. Before assembling the pipe column, performing stress analysis on a target reservoir stratum, selecting a proper perforation direction, and adjusting the angle difference between the nozzle of the sand blaster 7 and one side of the eccentric orientator 5 where the gravity center is located through the lower rotary joint 6, wherein the angle difference can be any angle from 0 degree (degree) to 360 degrees. Therefore, after the pipe column is put into a casing in a well, the eccentric direction finder 5 drives the sand blaster 7 to rotate, so that the nozzle direction of the sand blaster 7 is opposite to the selected perforation direction, the direction is automatically finished, the control on the perforation direction is realized, and the purpose of directional perforation is achieved; the number of the nozzles on the sand blaster 7 is changed, so that the perforations formed by perforation are distributed on the same plane, and the purpose of fixed-plane perforation is achieved. In an alternative embodiment, the eccentric orienter 5 is a hollow cylinder eccentric orienter with a sector-shaped cross section.
The upper centralizer 3 is provided with a preset number of spiral centralizing strips with chamfers, in the embodiment, the upper centralizer 3 is selected to be six centralizers with spiral centralizing strips with chamfers, so that the pipe column provided by the embodiment of the invention is ensured to be centered in the casing pipe in the well, uniform oil casing annulus can be obtained after the pipe column is put into the well, and the requirement of the discharge capacity of fracturing fluid in fracturing operation is met. The embodiment of the invention does not specifically limit the type of the centralizer, and other centralizer types can be selected according to the requirement.
In an alternative embodiment, the lower centralizer 8 is also selected to be a centralizer having six helical centralizer strips with chamfers, which function in the same way as the upper centralizer 3. Likewise, the type of the centralizer is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present invention, and the type of the lower centralizer 8 may be the same as that of the upper centralizer 3 or may be different from that of the upper centralizer 3.
Optionally, the above components are connected by a screw thread. On the premise of ensuring the connection strength of each component, other connection modes can be selected according to the requirement in the embodiment of the invention.
Further, the packer 9 needs to be set by pitching. After the ball is thrown, the plugging ball matched with the size of the setting ball seat falls on the setting ball seat, an upper oil pipe at the position of the plugging ball forms a closed space, and the packer 9 can be set through adding hydraulic pressure in the oil pipe. The embodiment of the invention adopts the plugging ball made of the soluble material, and is characterized in that the plugging ball can be dissolved after fracturing operation, so that the subsequent production operation can be directly carried out without lifting out a pipe column.
Except for the plugging ball, other components in the pipe column provided by the embodiment of the invention are made of metal materials.
Next, the use of the tubing conveyed oriented fixed-surface perforating string for the oriented well with small curvature radius provided by the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.
Firstly, construction preparation is carried out: on one hand, the casing in the well is scraped and cleaned, so that the casing meets the running requirement of a pipe column; and on the other hand, the installation and debugging are carried out on the operation related equipment and the valve, and the pipe column is connected with the oil pipe.
And after the construction preparation is completed, a pipe column is put into the sleeve, so that the putting depth of the pipe column is greater than the depth of the target reservoir stratum. In the running-in process, the guide shoe 11 positioned at the tail end of the pipe column can prevent the bottom opening of the pipe column from touching and scraping the sleeve, and the smooth running-in of the pipe column is ensured.
And after the running depth of the pipe column is greater than the depth of the target reservoir stratum, continuously lifting the pipe column, and observing the change of the suspended weight data displayed by the display dial plate. In the process, when the coupling locator 10 is positioned in the casing, the elastic part 14 positioned inside the coupling locator 10 is in a compressed state under the constraint action of the inner wall of the casing, and the hanging weight data displayed by the display dial plate is kept unchanged; when the coupling locator 10 is lifted to the reducing position of the casing coupling, the elastic component 14 releases the compression state, the locating plate 13 is pushed into the reducing position, the reducing position can generate downward resistance to the locating plate 13, the hanging weight data displayed by the display dial plate changes at the moment, the actual position of the pipe column can be accurately judged according to the change of the hanging weight data, and the depth of the pipe column is further adjusted to enable the pipe column to reach a target reservoir stratum.
And (3) carrying out pressure test on the oil pipe, pumping a blocking ball made of a soluble material from the oil pipe after the pressure test is qualified, and setting the packer 9 after the blocking ball falls on the setting ball seat. If the pressure of the oil pipe is obviously increased after setting and the liquid outlet amount of the sleeve is obviously reduced, the seal is tested to be qualified, and the reservoir at the lower part of the packer 9 is sealed and separated from the target reservoir, so that the perforating operation can be carried out on the target reservoir.
After the pipe column is put into a casing, the eccentric direction finder 5 automatically finishes the direction, and the nozzle of the ejector 7 is over against the selected perforation direction, so that high-pressure sand-carrying liquid can be directly pumped into the casing through an oil pipe, the high-pressure sand-carrying liquid is converted into high-speed sand-carrying liquid after being throttled by the nozzle of the sand ejector 7, and the high-speed sand-carrying liquid penetrates the casing at a target reservoir stratum to finish perforation operation. Wherein, adopt the sandblast perforation mode to replace conventional ammunition perforation, avoided the perforation compaction that the ammunition caused, be favorable to the development of follow-up fracturing operation.
Pumping base fluid through an oil pipe to displace the residual sand-carrying fluid in the oil pipe and the oil sleeve annulus; pumping balance liquid into the oil pipe, pumping base liquid into the hollow part of the oil sleeve ring, closing a wellhead return liquid gate valve, and performing trial extrusion operation to form a crack; and pumping fracturing fluid into the hollow part of the oil sleeve after the target reservoir is squeezed open to perform fracturing operation so as to extend the formed cracks, wherein the perforation direction is selected after the stress analysis is performed on the target reservoir, so that the cracks can extend in the expected direction and are communicated with the existing cracks of the peripheral well pattern. And after the fracturing operation is finished, performing open flow liquid drainage on the fracturing fluid according to conventional operation.
In addition, in the operation process, if the pipe column is blocked, each component at the lower end of the hydraulic safety releasing 2 can be released in a way of pressurizing the oil pipe, so that the oil pipe can be conveniently lifted in time, the production accident is avoided, and the safety of the device is enhanced; meanwhile, each component at the lower end of the released part is convenient to salvage, and the construction workload is reduced.
In summary, in the oil pipe conveying oriented fixed-face perforating string provided by the invention, the eccentric director and the sand blaster are relatively fixed, and the side where the center of the eccentric director is located has a preset angle difference with the nozzle of the sand blaster, so that in the using process of the string, the eccentric director drives the sand blaster to rotate under the action of gravity, and the nozzle of the sand blaster is opposite to the preset direction, therefore, when the sand blaster performs sand blasting perforation on a reservoir stratum, an eyelet with an oriented fixed face can be formed, a crack with a controllable extension direction is formed in the eyelet in the fracturing process, the crack is effectively communicated with the existing crack of a peripheral well network, and the transformation effect on the existing oriented well network is enhanced.
Furthermore, by adopting an oil pipe transmission perforation mode, perforation operation is completed under the condition that a continuous oil pipe and related operation equipment with pressure are not used, and the construction cost is reduced.
All the above optional technical solutions may be combined arbitrarily to form the optional embodiments of the present disclosure, and are not described herein again.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A tubing conveyed oriented fixed surface perforating string, comprising: the device comprises an oil pipe connector (1), a hydraulic safety release (2), an upper centralizer (3), an upper rotary joint (4), an eccentric direction finder (5), a lower rotary joint (6), a sand blaster (7), a lower centralizer (8), a packer (9), a coupling positioner (10) and a guide shoe (11) which are connected in sequence;
wherein the upper end of the oil pipe connector (1) is connected with an oil pipe; the eccentric direction finder (5) and the sand blaster (7) are relatively fixed, and a preset angle difference is formed between a nozzle of the sand blaster (7) and one side of the gravity center of the eccentric direction finder (5);
the packer (9) comprises a setting ball seat and a blocking ball matched with the setting ball seat in size; the lower end of the guide shoe (11) is connected with the oil pipe.
2. The pipe string of claim 1, wherein the collar locator (10) comprises: the device comprises a cylinder body (12), a positioning sheet (13), an elastic component (14), an upper cover cap (15) and a lower cover cap (16);
wherein, the cylinder (12) is provided with a groove; the axial length of the positioning piece (13) is the same as that of the groove, two ends of the positioning piece (13) are abutted against the inner walls of two sides of the groove and form a space with the groove, and one side, away from the central axis of the coupling positioner (10), of the positioning piece (13) is provided with a protruding step;
the elastic component (14) is positioned in a space formed by the positioning sheet (13) and the groove; the upper cover cap (15) and the lower cover cap (16) are respectively located on two sides of the groove, and the upper cover cap (15) and the lower cover cap (16) limit the positioning sheet (13).
3. The coupling locator (10) of claim 2, wherein the number of grooves on the barrel (12), the number of locating tabs (13), and the number of resilient members (14) are all equal predetermined numbers.
4. The coupling locator (10) of claim 2, wherein the resilient member (14) is a leaf spring.
5. A pipe string according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the eccentric orienter (5) is a hollow cylinder eccentric orienter with a sector-shaped cross-section.
6. A pipe string according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the upper centralizer (3) has a preset number of chamfered helical centralizer strips.
7. A pipe string according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the lower centralizer (8) has a preset number of chamfered helical centralizer strips.
8. The string according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the material of the plugging ball is soluble material.
9. A pipe string according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the components of the pipe string other than the plugging ball are made of metal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811124729.4A CN110952959A (en) | 2018-09-26 | 2018-09-26 | Oil pipe transmission directional fixed surface perforating pipe column |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811124729.4A CN110952959A (en) | 2018-09-26 | 2018-09-26 | Oil pipe transmission directional fixed surface perforating pipe column |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110952959A true CN110952959A (en) | 2020-04-03 |
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| CN201811124729.4A Pending CN110952959A (en) | 2018-09-26 | 2018-09-26 | Oil pipe transmission directional fixed surface perforating pipe column |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111622721A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-09-04 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Gravity direction finder and directional hydraulic jet fracturing string |
| CN111878047A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-11-03 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Coal mine underground directional fracturing perforation device and positioning method thereof |
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