CN108866299A - A kind of forging heat treatment method of Cr12MoV steel - Google Patents
A kind of forging heat treatment method of Cr12MoV steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN108866299A CN108866299A CN201810687470.8A CN201810687470A CN108866299A CN 108866299 A CN108866299 A CN 108866299A CN 201810687470 A CN201810687470 A CN 201810687470A CN 108866299 A CN108866299 A CN 108866299A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of forging heat treatment methods of Cr12MoV steel comprising heating, forging and heat treatment procedure, the heating process：First segment, which is heated to be, is warming up to 600~650 DEG C of heat preservations 2~4 hours；Second segment, which is heated to be, is warming up to 800~900 DEG C of heat preservations 3~5 hours；Third section, which is heated to be, is warming up to 1150~1170 DEG C of heat preservations 2~3 hours；The forging process：It is 900~1100 DEG C using a two light weights and upsetting pull technique repeatedly, controlled forge process temperature；The heat treatment procedure：Forging comes out of the stove in 950~970 DEG C of 1~2h of heat preservation and is air-cooled to 20~30 DEG C of room temperature；Then forging is cooled to≤0 DEG C and keeps the temperature 3~6 hours, be warming up to 20~30 DEG C of room temperature；It is warming up to 850~870 DEG C again and keeps the temperature 3~4 hours；Then cool to 700~720 DEG C with the furnace, carry out 700~720 DEG C → 730~750 DEG C → 700~720 DEG C three sections of isothermal spheroidizings, every section 2~3 hours；450~550 DEG C DEG C are finally cooled to the furnace to come out of the stove.This technique improves the impact flexibility of steel, extends service life.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of forging of forging and aftertreatment technology is forged, at especially a kind of forging heat of Cr12MoV steel
Reason method.
Background technique
Modern industry, mold is leading, and the shape of mold decides the shape of product, and the height of mold production level is weighing apparatus
The important symbol of a National Industrial level is measured, it largely decides the quality and performance of product.Mould industry is wanted
Upper level, material application are keys, and the quality of mold materials performance, the length of service life directly affects the matter of converted products
The benefit of amount and production.Cr12MoV is the widely used cold work die steel in China, belongs to ledeburite steel, and eutectic is carbonized in tissue
Object dendrite is very flourishing.These coarse eutectic carbides are difficult to dissolve in austenite when heated, and segregation is very big, seriously affects
The mechanical property of steel and the service life of mold.Therefore it needs to smash eutectic carbide by adequately forging, and makes its point
Cloth is uniform.But its plasticity is poor, poor thermal conductivity, temperature control is improper during Forge Heating, is easy to happen overheat, burning etc.
Tissue defects.Simultaneously because largely segregation and net carbide existing for steel ingot center portion, center portion is easy to produce crackle when forging, forges
It is big to make difficulty.In production, often due to traditional forging technology and forging post-processing system cannot eliminate big massive carbide or
Serious net carbide, so that predicted life is not achieved in punching course and just cracks for mould steel, so that failure is not available.
Summary of the invention
Big massive carbide and broken reticulated carbon can be effectively eliminated the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of
The forging heat treatment method of the Cr12MoV steel of compound.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that：It includes heating, forging and heat treatment work
Sequence, the heating process：Using Three-section type heating；First segment, which is heated to be, is warming up to 600~650 DEG C of heat preservations 2~4 hours；Second
Section, which is heated to be, is warming up to 800~900 DEG C of heat preservations 3~5 hours；Third section is heated to be that be warming up to 1150~1170 DEG C of heat preservations 2~3 small
When；
The forging process：It is 900~1100 DEG C using a two light weights and upsetting pull technique repeatedly, controlled forge process temperature；
The heat treatment procedure：Forging keeps the temperature 1~2 hour at 950~970 DEG C, comes out of the stove and is air-cooled to 20~30 DEG C of room temperature；Then will
Forging is cooled to≤0 DEG C and keeps the temperature 3~6 hours, is warming up to 20~30 DEG C；It is warming up to 850~870 DEG C again and keeps the temperature 3~4 hours；So
After cool to 700~720 DEG C with the furnace, carry out 700~720 DEG C → 730~750 DEG C → 700~720 DEG C three sections of isothermal spheroidizings and move back
Fire, every section 2~3 hours；450~550 DEG C are finally cooled to the furnace to come out of the stove.
Two light heavy industry skills are in forging process of the present invention：When 1050 DEG C of forging temperature >, control drafts≤
50mm；When forging temperature is at 950~1050 DEG C, drafts is controlled in 70~120mm；When 950 DEG C of forging temperature <, control
Drafts≤50mm.
In heating process of the present invention, the heating rate of first segment heating is 40~50 DEG C/h；The liter of second segment heating
Warm speed is 60~70 DEG C/h；The heating rate of third section heating is 80~100 DEG C/h.
In heat treatment procedure of the present invention, zero degree and following is cooled to the cooling rate of 50~100 DEG C/h；With 50~
The heating rate of 100 DEG C/h is warming up to 20~30 DEG C；850~870 DEG C are warming up to the rate of 80~100 DEG C/h.
Generated beneficial effect is by adopting the above technical scheme：The present invention is reduced by adequately preheating before forging
Forging generates cracking risk because of thermal stress；When forging repeatedly upsetting pull and two it is light one weight forging and stamping modes, on the one hand can sufficiently break
On the other hand broken netted eutectic carbide can rise to avoid because hammering forging center portion temperature caused by too quickly, forging heats up again
Lead to tissue overheating, burning more than to eutectic melting temperature；It is heat-fed after the completion of forging to 950~970 DEG C of furnace inside holdings, Ke Yichong
Internal stress caused by dividing release to forge, further decreases the risk of forging stock cracking, while can also refine the Austria grown up when forging
Family name's body crystal grain, and be conducive to the passivation of big blocky wedge angle carbide and the dissolution of fritter carbide, alleviate and alleviate carbide
Reunite and concentrated with forging stress caused by wedge angle, reduces brittleness, improve toughness；The zero degree then carried out and cold place below
Reason, makes portion of residual austenite be transformed into martensite, while a large amount of tiny proeutectoid carbides being precipitated from martensite, thus
Make in matrix distribution of carbides more evenly, it is more tiny；The long-time low temperature austenitizing and three-stage isothermal spheroidizing then carried out
It is further passivated big blocky wedge angle carbide, net carbide chain is interrupted, the fine second being precipitated in cold-treating process is made to be carbonized
Object is grown up and eliminates coarse Structure Inheritance, and distribution of carbides is uniform, mellow and full.The present invention make Cr12MoV steel carbide refinement,
Corner angle passivation, big bulk wedge angle carbide are eliminated, and austenite structure is tiny, and is crushed net carbide sufficiently,
To make the impact flexibility of steel significantly improve, service life is substantially prolonged.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the metallographic structure of 1 gained Cr12MoV steel of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the metallographic structure of Cr12MoV steel obtained by common process.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1-9：The forging heat treatment method of this Cr12MoV steel includes heating, forging and heat treatment procedure, each work
Sequence technique is as described below：
（1）Heating process：Forging is put into heating furnace, carries out Three-section type heating；Added first with the heating rate of 40~50 DEG C/h
Heat keeps the temperature 2~4 hours to 600~650 DEG C；Then 800~900 DEG C are heated to the heating rate of 60~70 DEG C/h, heat preservation 3
~5 hours；1150~1170 DEG C finally are heated to the heating rate of 80~100 DEG C/h, keeps the temperature 2~3 hours.Each embodiment adds
The specific process parameter of thermal process is shown in Table 1.
Table 1：The technological parameter of heating process
（2）Forging process：Forging taking-up is subjected to forging processing after the completion of forging heat preservation, wants a two light weights in forging, repeatedly
Upsetting pull.
When carrying out upsetting pull forging, forging temperature will be controlled always in forging temperature section, initial forging temperature be 1050~
1100 DEG C, final forging temperature is 900~920 DEG C；Controlled forge process temperature is 900~1100 DEG C, when forging temperature is lower than 900 DEG C,
Stop forging immediately, melt down heating, the strict control of forging temperature can reduce the risk of forging cracking to the greatest extent, improve
Forging quality.
Described two light one be that upsetting pull amount is controlled according to forging temperature in forging upsetting pull again.As forging temperature > 1050
DEG C when, control drafts be no more than 50mm；When forging temperature is at 950~1050 DEG C, drafts is controlled in 70~120mm；When
At 950 DEG C of forging temperature <, control drafts is no more than 50mm；Above-mentioned reasonable drafts can be to avoid the production of crackle when forging
It is raw.The specific process parameter of each embodiment forging process is shown in Table 2.
Table 2：The technological parameter of forging process
（3）Heat treatment procedure：A, after the completion of forging, forging is heat-fed to 950~970 DEG C of furnace temperature of furnace, keeps the temperature 1~2 hour,
It comes out of the stove and is air-cooled to 20~30 DEG C；Then forging is slowly cooled into zero degree and following progress with the cooling rate of 50~100 DEG C/h
Cold treatment keeps the temperature 3~6 hours；20~30 DEG C are to slowly warm up to again with the heating rate of 50~100 DEG C/h.At each embodiment heat
The specific process parameter of the above-mentioned technical process of science and engineering sequence is shown in Table 3.
Table 3：The technological parameter of the above-mentioned technical process of heat treatment procedure
B, forging is then heated to 850~870 DEG C with the heating rate of 80~100 DEG C/h, keeps the temperature 3~4 hours.Again by forging
It cools to 700~720 DEG C with the furnace, carries out 700~720 DEG C → 730~750 DEG C → 700~720 DEG C three sections of isothermal spheroidizings,
Every section 2~3 hours.It after the completion of isothermal spheroidizing, cools to forging with the furnace 450~550 DEG C and comes out of the stove, be placed in naturally cold in air
But.The specific process parameter of each above-mentioned technical process of embodiment heat treatment procedure is shown in Table 4.
Table 4：The technological parameter of the above-mentioned technical process of heat treatment procedure
（4）Fig. 1 is the metallographic structure of 1 gained Cr12MoV steel of embodiment, and Fig. 2 is using conventional forging and forging aftertreatment technology（Forging
Slow cooling afterwards does not carry out 960 DEG C of isothermal holdings and -80 DEG C of isothermal holdings）The metallographic structure of gained Cr12MoV steel.Comparison diagram 1, Fig. 2
It can be found that can effectively be crushed eutectic carbide using this method, and it is passivated big massive carbide corner, fritter carbide
Quantity is more, and is evenly distributed, and corner is mellow and full；And use conventional forging and forging aftertreatment technology, that is, after the completion of forging, do not exist
Isothermal holding at 960 DEG C and -80 DEG C, slow cooling after directly being forged, then the Cr12MoV steel of three-stage spheroidizing processing is carried out,
Its bulk carbide wedge angle is obvious, is not passivated completely, fritter carbide quantity is few, and is unevenly distributed.Table 5 is each reality
Apply the ballistic work of the v-notch Charpy impact experiment of Cr12MoV steel after Cr12MoV steel obtained by example and the processing of comparative example common process
（）, Sample A, B, C are Duplicate Samples.
Table 5：The ballistic work of each embodiment and comparative example
Claims (4)
1. a kind of forging heat treatment method of Cr12MoV steel comprising heating, forging and heat treatment procedure, which is characterized in that institute
State heating process：Using Three-section type heating；First segment, which is heated to be, is warming up to 600~650 DEG C of heat preservations 2~4 hours；Second segment heating
3~5 hours are kept the temperature to be warming up to 800~900 DEG C；Third section, which is heated to be, is warming up to 1150~1170 DEG C of heat preservations 2~3 hours；
The forging process：It is 900~1100 DEG C using a two light weights and upsetting pull technique repeatedly, controlled forge process temperature；
The heat treatment procedure：Forging keeps the temperature 1~2 hour at 950~970 DEG C, comes out of the stove and is air-cooled to 20~30 DEG C of room temperature；Then will
Forging is cooled to≤0 DEG C and keeps the temperature 3~6 hours, is warming up to 20~30 DEG C；It is warming up to 850~870 DEG C again and keeps the temperature 3~4 hours；So
After cool to 700~720 DEG C with the furnace, carry out 700~720 DEG C → 730~750 DEG C → 700~720 DEG C three sections of isothermal spheroidizings and move back
Fire, every section 2~3 hours；450~550 DEG C are finally cooled to the furnace to come out of the stove.
2. a kind of forging heat treatment method of Cr12MoV steel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the forging work
Two light heavy industry skills are in sequence：When 1050 DEG C of forging temperature >, drafts≤50mm is controlled；When forging temperature 950~
At 1050 DEG C, drafts is controlled in 70~120mm；When 950 DEG C of forging temperature <, drafts≤50mm is controlled.
3. a kind of forging heat treatment method of Cr12MoV steel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The heater
In sequence, the heating rate of first segment heating is 40~50 DEG C/h；The heating rate of second segment heating is 60~70 DEG C/h；Third section
The heating rate of heating is 80~100 DEG C/h.
4. a kind of forging heat treatment method of Cr12MoV steel according to claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterised in that：The heat
In treatment process, zero degree and following is cooled to the cooling rate of 50~100 DEG C/h；With the heating rate liter of 50~100 DEG C/h
Temperature is to 20~30 DEG C；850~870 DEG C are warming up to the rate of 80~100 DEG C/h.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115747671A (en) * | 2022-11-18 | 2023-03-07 | 攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司 | Preparation method of cold-work die steel |
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| CN106319178A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-01-11 | 瑞安市劲力机械制造有限公司 | Forging and thermal treatment technique for Cr12MoV steel |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106319178A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-01-11 | 瑞安市劲力机械制造有限公司 | Forging and thermal treatment technique for Cr12MoV steel |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| 《航空材料标准手册》金属部分编写组: "《航空材料标准手册（金属部分）》", 30 June 1976, 第三机械工业部三〇一研究所 * |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115747671A (en) * | 2022-11-18 | 2023-03-07 | 攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司 | Preparation method of cold-work die steel |
| CN115747671B (en) * | 2022-11-18 | 2024-05-28 | 攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司 | Preparation method of cold-work die steel |
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