CN108865934B - Bacillus safensis HMD9204 and microbial inoculum and application thereof - Google Patents

Bacillus safensis HMD9204 and microbial inoculum and application thereof Download PDF

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CN108865934B
CN108865934B CN201810725632.2A CN201810725632A CN108865934B CN 108865934 B CN108865934 B CN 108865934B CN 201810725632 A CN201810725632 A CN 201810725632A CN 108865934 B CN108865934 B CN 108865934B
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bacillus safensis
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李春强
彭明
郝元福
张辛耕
杨景豪
官小满
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Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences
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Abstract

The invention discloses a bacillus safensis HMD9204, a microbial inoculum and an application thereof, wherein the strain is preserved in Guangdong province microbial strain preservation center in 2017, 12 and 18 months, and the preservation number is as follows: GDMCC No. 60302. The bacterial strain is matched with an organic fertilizer or a farmyard manure for use, has very obvious control effect on eggplant wilt and banana wilt, and can reduce the morbidity of the eggplant wilt to 2-5% and the banana wilt to 6.7-9.6%.

Description

Bacillus safensis HMD9204 and microbial inoculum and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microorganisms, and particularly relates to bacillus safensis HMD9204, a microbial inoculum thereof and application thereof.
Background
Due to the fact that a certain crop is planted in successive years for a long time, secondary salinization of soil and aggravation of soil-borne diseases are caused, crop quality is reduced, yield is reduced, and the crop becomes an important obstacle factor for restricting the sustainable development of facility agriculture. Plant soil-borne diseases are an important plant disease, and the pathogens causing the soil-borne diseases are various (fungi, bacteria, nematodes and viruses), and generally infect plant roots, causing the plant roots to be damaged even by the whole plant, thereby causing great economic loss. Wherein, the soil-borne pathogenic fungi have become one of the main restriction factors for stable and high yield of crops and vegetables at present.
Banana vascular wilt is a soil-borne disease caused by fungi that infect the vascular bundles of banana plants. Is a devastating disease, is an international plant quarantine object and is caused by fusarium oxysporum cubeba specialized infection. It occurs in banana production areas of southern province of China. The survival time of pathogenic bacteria in soil is several years, the yield is generally reduced by more than 20%, and serious fields are even collected. Therefore, in order to effectively prevent and treat soil-borne diseases and ensure the stable increase of the yield of crops and vegetables in China, comprehensive prevention and treatment are inevitably needed. Among them, biological control is green, harmless, efficient and widely concerned by governments, villages and farmers, and research on biological control microbial resources is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide Bacillus safensis (Bacillus safensis) capable of preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases, the Bacillus safensis can effectively prevent and control the diseases of the soil-borne diseases to crops, the crop yield is improved, and particularly the control effect on blight is obvious. Meanwhile, the invention also provides preparation and application of a microbial inoculum of the strain.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a Bacillus safensis (Bacillus safensis) HMD9204 capable of preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases, which is preserved in a preservation unit: guangdong province culture Collection (GDMCC), address: the preservation date of the fifth building of the experimental building of the microbiological institute of 100 province in the first furious Zhonglu city of China: 18/12/2017, deposit number: GDMCC No. 60302.
The bacillus safensis HMD9204 has the main biological characteristics of gram positive (G +), rod-shaped cell, aerobic, spore production and sports cell sizes of 1.0-1.2 microns and 0.5-0.7 microns. The diameter of the colony is 3-7mm when the TSA culture medium grows for 2 days, and the colony is gray white, round and wavy at the edge. The strain can grow under the conditions of 0-10% (w/v) NaCl and 10-50 ℃, and the optimal growth conditions are 35 ℃, pH value 7 and 0.5% (w/v) NaCl. Catalase, oxidase, alkaline phosphatase and lipase are positive, and can hydrolyze gelatin, casein, aesculin and RNA, but not indole and starch.
The 16S rRNA sequence of the bacillus safensis HMD9204 is as follows: SEQ ID NO: 1.
Another object of the present invention is to provide Bacillus safensis HMD9204 or its suspension, its culture solution, its fermentation product or its microbial inoculum containing the same.
A strain preparation for preventing and treating soil-borne diseases comprises Bacillus safensis HMD9204 or a bacterial suspension thereof or a culture solution thereof or powder of a fermentation product thereof.
The strain preparation is prepared into powder by conventional liquid or solid culture to obtain bacterial culture, conventional liquid fermentation production, and addition of surfactant such as dispersant, stabilizer, wetting agent, binder, disintegrant, or adsorption carrier.
On the basis of the preparation, the invention also provides a method for preventing and treating soil-borne diseases, and specifically, the bacillus safensis HMD9204 powder and an organic fertilizer or a farmyard manure are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1.5-3: 1000, and are applied to the ground or top dressing of 3-10 kg/mu, so that the use of the bacillus safensis HMD9204 powder and an insecticide is avoided during the use process.
The effective viable count of the bacillus safensis HMD9204 powder mixed with the organic fertilizer or the farmyard manure is not less than 1 hundred million cfu/g.
The invention also provides application of the bacillus safensis HMD9204 or bacterial suspension thereof or culture solution thereof or fermentation product thereof in preventing and treating crop soil-borne diseases, wherein the soil-borne diseases are blight, and the crops are selected from bananas or eggplants.
Meanwhile, the application of the bacillus safensis HMD9204 powder in preventing and treating soil-borne diseases of crops is also within the protection scope of the invention.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
fusarium oxysporum causes blight of many crops, is transmitted through soil, is difficult to control by common chemical agents, is easy to cause chemical pollution, and is the most feasible and environment-friendly means for biological control. The invention separates a bacillus safensis HMD9204 with antagonistic action on the wilt, and the bacillus safensis HMD9204 is matched with an organic fertilizer or a farmyard manure for use, so that the control effect on the eggplant wilt and the banana wilt is very obvious, the morbidity of the eggplant wilt and the banana wilt can be reduced to 2-5%, and the morbidity of the banana wilt can be reduced to 6.7-9.6%.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely in the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1 isolation and characterization of Bacillus safensis HMD9204
1) Isolation of bacillus safensis HMD9204
This example isolated soil was saline soil (37 ° 34 'N116 ° 49' E) collected from experimental base of chinese academy of agricultural sciences in the county of tongdish, mountains. A five-point sampling method is adopted, namely, the middle point of a diagonal is determined as a central sampling point, and then four points with the same distance with the central sampling point are selected as sampling points on the diagonal. To land 1000m2The improved cultivated soil plot is sampled, and surface soil 15-20cm away from the ground is detected. And subpackaging the collected soil sample into sample bags, recording and timely sending back to the laboratory.
Weighing 5g of soil, adding into a triangular flask (containing glass beads) containing 45ml of sterile physiological saline, and shaking in a constant temperature shaking table at 30 ℃ and 180rpm for 20min to uniformly disperse the soil. Sequentially preparing soil with different dilution concentrations in an aseptic operating platform Solutions, e.g. 10-2、10-3、10-4、10-5、 10-6And 10-7g/ml. Suction 10-3-10-70.1ml of diluted soil solution is evenly coated on an NA solid culture medium flat plate by a coating rod, 3-5 times of each sample is arranged and is inversely placed in a constant temperature incubator for culture, the growth condition of thalli on the flat plate is observed in 2-5 days based on 30 ℃, the number and the growth condition of bacterial colonies on the surface of the flat plate are recorded, and the single bacterial colony four-zone streaking method grown on the flat plate is inoculated on a new flat plate until the bacterial strains are pure bacteria.
2) Identification of Bacillus safensis HMD9204
The strain obtained by separation and purification is subjected to 16S rRNA gene amplification and PCR amplification, sequencing and splicing by a sequencing company, and the strain species is identified by comparison on an Ezbiocloud website and is named as Bacillus safensis. The isolated strain was observed under a microscope, and gram-positive (G +) cells were rod-shaped and had a cell size of 1.0 to 1.2 μm in length and 0.5 to 0.7 μm in width. And (4) producing spores. The diameter of the colony growing in the TSA culture medium for 2 days is 3-7mm, and the colony is gray, round and wavy at the edge. Can grow under the condition of 10-50 ℃, and the optimal growth condition is 35 ℃.
The catalase test is carried out on the strain according to Bergey's Manual of bacteria identification, and the catalase, the oxidase, the alkaline phosphatase and the lipase are positive, can hydrolyze gelatin, casein, aesculin and RNA, and cannot hydrolyze indole and starch.
Cell wall component analysis, cell collection, water bath inactivation, separation of peptidoglycan, and determination of fatty acid component. The results showed that the main fatty acid component was iso-C15:0,anteiso-C15:0, iso-C17:0And anteiso-C17:0
And (4) measuring the stress tolerance, and inoculating the strain to beef extract peptone culture media with different pH values and different concentrations of NaCl. The strain can grow under the condition of 0-10% (w/v) NaCl, and the optimum pH value is 7 and NaCl is 0.5% (w/v).
Agarose gel electrophoresis results show that the size of the 16S rRNA gene amplification fragment of the strain is about 1446, and the determined sequence is shown as SEQ ID NO: 1, phylogenetic analysis showed 99.65% similarity between strain HMD9204 and Bacillus safensis. Based on the physicochemical properties of the bacterium and the 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic tree, the bacterium can be determined to be bacillus safensis.
Based on the above characteristics, the strain HMD9204 was identified as Bacillus safensis (Bacillus safensis). The strain is deposited in Guangdong province microorganism culture collection center in 2017, 12 months and 18 days, and the strain preservation number is GDMCC No. 60302.
Example 2 inhibition of the fungus HMD9204 on Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.solani
Confrontation test: the experiment was performed in 3 groups: 1) banana vascular wilt bacteria-bacillus safensis group; 2) Eggplant wilt germs-bacillus safensis group; 3) and (4) a control group. Each set was 3 replicates. Punching a hole in the center of a nutrient broth culture medium by using a sterile puncher with the diameter of 5mm, inoculating a pathogenic bacteria cake in the center, after culturing for 24h, punching holes at the position 3cm away from the edge of the pathogenic bacteria cake in the center and at the two sides by using a sterile puncher with the diameter of 5mm, inoculating a bacillus safensis cake, inoculating a negative control group with pathogenic bacteria, replacing the bacillus safensis cake by an agar block, culturing for 48h in a constant temperature box at 28 ℃, measuring a bacteriostatic circle and calculating the bacteriostatic rate. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 inhibition of the HMD9204 bacterium against banana wilt and eggplant wilt
Diameter of bacteriostatic circle (mm) Bacteriostatic ratio (%)
Banana wilt pathogen 27.1 Shi 1.2 63.8 Sha 2.1
Eggplant wilt pathogen 23.3 Sha 1.5 59.0 Shi 3.7
As can be seen from Table 1, the strain HMD9204 has good inhibition effect on banana wilt and eggplant wilt, and the bacteriostasis rate reaches more than 60%.
Example 3
The bacillus safensis HMD9204 powder provided by the invention is mixed with an organic fertilizer or a farmyard manure according to a certain proportion, has very obvious control effects on eggplant wilt and banana wilt, determines the optimal mixing proportion in order to further give full play to the functions of the bacillus safensis HMD9204 powder, and determines the effective viable count of the bacillus safensis HMD9204 powder. The results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 detection of effective viable count of HMD9204 powder mixed with organic fertilizer
Figure BDA0001719633820000061
Figure BDA0001719633820000071
According to the detection result of the effective viable count of the HMD9204 microbial inoculum and the organic fertilizer, the effective viable count of the powder/organic fertilizer can reach 1 hundred million cfu/g in a ratio of more than 1.5: 1000.
Example 3 influence of HMD9204 powder and organic fertilizer mixed use on banana wilt and the like
This example was set up in the Hainan Brazil land of 2 years of continuous cropping (incidence of disease was about 40% in the last year).
The specific method comprises the following steps:
control group: 50kg of base fertilizer compound fertilizer, 10kg of additional fertilizer compound fertilizer in flowering phase, 10kg of urea, 10kg of additional fertilizer compound fertilizer in fruit phase and 20kg of potassium chloride are applied to each mu of land;
Experimental group 1: applying 1.5 kg of powder and 0.5 ton of organic fertilizer per mu for 2 times, and applying the powder at the bottom and dressing the powder once in the flowering period. 40kg of bottom application compound fertilizer, 10kg of flowering stage additional fertilizer, 10kg of urea, 10kg of fruit stage additional fertilizer and 20kg of potassium chloride;
experimental group 2: applying 2.5 kg of powder and 0.75 ton of organic fertilizer per mu for 2 times, and applying the powder at the bottom and dressing the powder once in the flowering period respectively. 40kg of bottom application compound fertilizer, 10kg of flowering stage additional fertilizer, 10kg of urea, 10kg of fruit stage additional fertilizer and 20kg of potassium chloride;
experimental group 3: 5 kg of powder and 1.25 tons of organic fertilizer are applied to each mu for 2 times, and the bottom application and the topdressing are respectively applied once in the flowering period. 40kg of bottom application compound fertilizer, 10kg of flowering stage additional fertilizer, 10kg of urea, 10kg of fruit stage additional fertilizer and 20kg of potassium chloride.
Table 3 influence of HMD9204 powder and organic fertilizer mixed use on morbidity and the like of bananas
Figure BDA0001719633820000072
Figure BDA0001719633820000081
The results show that: the HMD9204 powder is mixed with the organic fertilizer for use, so that the control and effect on banana vascular wilt are good, the acidity of soil is improved, the organic matter content of the soil is increased, the morbidity of the banana vascular wilt is reduced to 6.7-9.6%, the obvious effect is shown, and the yield is increased by more than one time at least.
Example 4 influence of HMD9204 powder and organic fertilizer mixed use on eggplant wilt and the like
The present example was set up in the Hainan eggplant field test of 2 years in continuous cropping (incidence rate of about 50% in the last year).
The specific method comprises the following steps:
control group: applying 40kg of compound fertilizer to the bottom of each mu; topdressing 10kg of compound fertilizer and 5kg of urea in the middle period;
experimental group 1: 3 kg of powder and 0.5 ton of organic fertilizer are applied to the bottom of each mu, and 30kg of compound fertilizer is applied to the bottom; topdressing 10kg of compound fertilizer and 5kg of urea in the middle period;
experimental group 2: 5kg of powder and 1.25 tons of organic fertilizer are applied to the bottom of each mu, and 30kg of compound fertilizer is applied to the bottom; topdressing 10kg of compound fertilizer and 5kg of urea in the middle period;
experimental group 3: 10kg of powder and 2.5 tons of organic fertilizer are applied to the bottom of each mu, and 30kg of compound fertilizer is applied to the bottom; in the middle stage, 10kg of compound fertilizer and 5kg of urea are applied.
Table 4 influence of HMD9204 powder mixed with organic fertilizer on eggplant morbidity and the like
Figure BDA0001719633820000082
Figure BDA0001719633820000091
The results show that: the HMD9204 powder is mixed with the organic fertilizer for use, can be applied to eggplant wilt, has good prevention and treatment effects, improves the acidity of soil, improves the organic matter content of the soil, reduces the incidence rate of banana wilt to 2-5%, shows obvious effects, and increases the yield by about two times.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Sequence listing
<110> research institute of tropical biotechnology of Chinese tropical academy of agricultural sciences
<120> Bacillus safensis HMD9204 and microbial inoculum and application thereof
<160> 1
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 1446
<212> DNA
<213> Bacillus safensis (Bacillus safensis)
<400> 1
gggggggggg ctatacatgc agtcgagcgg acagaaggga gcttgctccc ggatgttagc 60
ggcggacggg tgagtaacac gtgggtaacc tgcctgtaag actgggataa ctccgggaaa 120
ccggagctaa taccggatag ttccttgaac cgcatggttc aaggatgaaa gacggtttcg 180
gctgtcactt acagatggac ccgcggcgca ttagctagtt ggtggggtaa tggctcacca 240
aggcgacgat gcgtagccga cctgagaggg tgatcggcca cactgggact gagacacggc 300
ccagactcct acgggaggca gcagtaggga atcttccgca atggacgaaa gtctgacgga 360
gcaacgccgc gtgagtgatg aaggttttcg gatcgtaaag ctctgttgtt agggaagaac 420
aagtgcgaga gtaactgctc gcaccttgac ggtacctaac cagaaagcca cggctaacta 480
cgtgccagca gccgcggtaa tacgtaggtg gcaagcgttg tccggaatta ttgggcgtaa 540
agggctcgca ggcggtttct taagtctgat gtgaaagccc ccggctcaac cggggagggt 600
cattggaaac tgggaaactt gagtgcagaa gaggagagtg gaattccacg tgtagcggtg 660
aaatgcgtag agatgtggag gaacaccagt ggcgaaggcg actctctggt ctgtaactga 720
cgctgaggag cgaaagcgtg gggagcgaac aggattagat accctggtag tccacgccgt 780
aaacgatgag tgctaagtgt tagggggttt ccgcccctta gtgctgcagc taacgcatta 840
agcactccgc ctggggagta cggtcgcaag actgaaactc aaaggaattg acgggggccc 900
gcacaagcgg tggagcatgt ggtttaattc gaagcaacgc gaagaacctt accaggtctt 960
gacatcctct gacaacccta gagatagggc tttcccttcg gggacagagt gacaggtggt 1020
gcatggttgt cgtcagctcg tgtcgtgaga tgttgggtta agtcccgcaa cgagcgcaac 1080
ccttgatctt agttgccagc attcagttgg gcactctaag gtgactgccg gtgacaaacc 1140
ggaggaaggt ggggatgacg tcaaatcatc atgcccctta tgacctgggc tacacacgtg 1200
ctacaatgga cagaacaaag ggctgcaaga ccgcaaggtt tagccaatcc cataaatctg 1260
ttctcagttc ggatcgcagt ctgcaactcg actgcgtgaa gctggaatcg ctagtaatcg 1320
cggatcagca tgccgcggtg aatacgttcc cgggccttgt acacaccgcc cgtcacacca 1380
cgagagtttg caacacccga agtcggtgag gtaaccttta ggagccagcc gccggaaggg 1440
tggggc 1446

Claims (6)

1. Bacillus safensis for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseasesBacillus safensis) HMD9204, which is characterized in that the strain has been deposited in the Guangdong province collection of microorganisms at 12, 18 and 2017 under the deposit number: GDMCC No. 60302.
2. A bacterial preparation for controlling soil-borne diseases, which comprises powder of Bacillus safensis HMD9204 or its bacterial suspension or its culture solution of claim 1.
3. The preparation according to claim 2, wherein the preparation is mixed with organic fertilizer or farmyard manure in a mass ratio of 1.5-3: 1000 when in use.
4. The preparation of claim 3, wherein the effective viable count of the preparation after being mixed with organic fertilizer or farmyard manure is not less than 1 hundred million cfu/g.
5. The use of Bacillus safensis HMD9204 or its suspension or its culture solution as claimed in claim 1 for preventing and treating banana and eggplant wilt.
6. The use of a strain preparation as claimed in claim 2 for the control of banana and eggplant wilt.
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