CN108863221A - A kind of foam concrete and preparation method thereof using artificial compounded lightweight aggregate - Google Patents
A kind of foam concrete and preparation method thereof using artificial compounded lightweight aggregate Download PDFInfo
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- CN108863221A CN108863221A CN201810813427.1A CN201810813427A CN108863221A CN 108863221 A CN108863221 A CN 108863221A CN 201810813427 A CN201810813427 A CN 201810813427A CN 108863221 A CN108863221 A CN 108863221A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
- C04B18/027—Lightweight materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
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- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of foam concrete and preparation method thereof using artificial compounded lightweight aggregate, the raw material of the foam concrete includes water and cement, flyash, quick lime, gypsum, water-reducing agent, foaming agent and artificial compounded lightweight aggregate；Water-cement ratio is 0.36-0.38；Wherein artificial compounded lightweight aggregate is that sludge, flyash, architecture sediment and Paris white, straw powder are mixed to fecula mixture, and water mixing sealing ageing is granulated and dry blank grain；Glass powder mixes to obtain shell mixture with potassium feldspar, borax, waterglass；Blank grain is heated up to mix after preheating with shell mixture and carries out secondary granulation, shell mixture is made to be wrapped in hot material grain surface, made of rear sintering, cooling.The foam concrete is obviously reduced using high intensity, the artificial compounded lightweight aggregate of low water suction, mixture Slump Time losing of Large, and porosity rises, and apparent density is small and has good mechanical property, heat preservation and insulation, is suitble to promote the use of.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to light aggregate foam concrete technical fields, and in particular to a kind of bubble using artificial compounded lightweight aggregate
Foam concrete, while being related to a kind of preparation method of foam concrete using artificial compounded lightweight aggregate.
Background technique
Foam concrete is also known as foamed concrete, is mechanically sufficiently to be sent out foaming agent solution by foamed system
Bubble, and foam is uniformly mixed with the slurry containing siliceous material, calcareous material, water and various additives, then it is pumped up system
Cast-in-place construction or mold molding are carried out, is formed by a kind of " close hole " coagulation that a large amount of closed air bubbles are contained in inside through natural curing
Soil material.Foam concrete is to form closed foam hole in inside concrete, is to have light, heat preservation, heat-insulated, fire resisting, resist
The good energy-saving building materials of jelly property, carve Self-leveling, self-compaction at the time of molding, and construction workability is good, are conducive to pump and flatten,
There is good compatibility with other construction materials, intensity can be adjusted as needed.With country to building energy conservation increasingly
Pay attention to, foam concrete and foam concrete product are becoming increasingly popular, and obtain biggish development in recent years.
Common foam concrete is used as using natural sandstone to gather materials (aggregate), limited for the mitigation of quality；With
Higher pursuit of the people for lightweight concrete, ceramsite foam concrete come into being.Ceramsite foam concrete is with artificial pottery
Grain (partial size >=5mm) or pottery sand (partial size<5mm) gather materials for thickness, is introduced in mixture by physically or chemically foam pattern
Concrete made of bubble can obtain lower apparent density.Haydite used is a kind of mushy artificial solid material,
Generally spherical, lighter weight, bulk density is generally 300-900kg/m3.Existing haydite during the preparation process, send out by raw material
Raw generated reactive gas, full of inside haydite, haydite volume expansion, after gas discharge, haydite surface is covered with exhaust pore, makes it
Has the characteristics that porous light, the lightweight aggregate as concrete uses, and can not only save the natural resources such as sandstone, can also be into
One step mitigates concrete structure own wt, reduces load.
In the prior art, haydite is divided into clay haydite, haydites of book structure and lytag according to the difference of raw materials.
Wherein respectively using clay, shale these natural resources as raw material, excessive exploitation can be to natural environment for clay haydite and haydites of book structure
It damages, raw material mix is unreasonable；The primary raw material of lytag is power plant waste material flyash, belongs to solid waste
Recycling, it is more environmentally protective.Lytag is after being mixed by flyash, cementitious material with water, and balling-up sintering is made
, internal void is more, and intensity is relatively low, and thermal and insulating performance is good, is widely used in sound and thermal insulating material.
Since haydite surface and inside are dispersed with more hole, water absorption rate with higher and adsorptivity；Using haydite
When preparing ceramsite foam concrete as lightweight aggregate, the moisture in moisture and foam in mixture can be adsorbed and fight for, from
And the shattered to pieces speed of foam in mixture is accelerated, foam stability is poor, causes mixture workability quickly to reduce, slump warp
When loss significantly increase.Currently, ceramsite foam concrete apparent density is caused to significantly increase in order to avoid bubble burst, mix
When foam additional amount be often 2-3 times of theoretical amount.But foam volume increase will lead to ceramsite foam concrete table
It sees density and mechanical property is very unstable, the fluctuation of quality also limits its popularization and application.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of foam concrete using artificial compounded lightweight aggregate, foam stability when mix
It is good, there is suitable density, good mechanical property and heat-proof quality.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparations of above-mentioned foam concrete using artificial compounded lightweight aggregate
Method.
To achieve the goals above, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows：
A kind of foam concrete using artificial compounded lightweight aggregate, is mainly prepared by water and following raw material：Cement
315-330kg, flyash 120-135kg, quick lime 16.0-17.5kg, gypsum 4.0-4.5kg, water-reducing agent 1.7-2.0kg, hair
Infusion 1.0-1.2kg, artificial compounded lightweight aggregate 860-900L；Water-cement ratio is 0.36-0.38；
Wherein, the artificial compounded lightweight aggregate is prepared by method comprising the following steps：
1) by municipal sludge, flyash, architecture sediment, powder is made in broken respectively, grinding, according to municipal sludge, flyash
Mass ratio with architecture sediment is (45-50):(40-45):The ratio of (10-15) mixes powder, while Paris white is added
And straw powder, it is uniformly mixed to obtain fecula mixture；The gross mass of Paris white and straw powder is no more than fecula mixture quality
12%；
2) water of fecula mixture quality 28%-33% is mixed in the fecula mixture obtained by step 1), after mixing
Sealing ageing 20-24h must be aged mixture；Ageing mixture is granulated and is dried, blank grain is obtained；
3) by cullet, at glass powder, the mass ratio according to glass powder and potassium feldspar, borax, waterglass is broken, grinding
100:(5.0-6.0):(4.0-5.0):The ratio of (5.5-6.5) mixes to obtain shell mixture, spare；
4) blank grain obtained by step 2) is warming up to 550 DEG C of -580 DEG C of heat preservation 18-20min to preheat, obtains hot material grain；It will
Hot material grain of the gained temperature not less than 500 DEG C is mixed with shell mixture obtained by step 3) immediately carries out secondary granulation, makes shell
Mixture is wrapped in hot material grain surface, obtains construction materials contract grain；
5) construction materials contract grain obtained by step 4) is first warming up to 840 DEG C of -860 DEG C of heat preservation 15-20min, then be warming up to 1170 DEG C -
1200 DEG C of heat preservation 15-20min are sintered；After sintered heat insulating, 630 DEG C -650 DEG C first are quickly cooled to simultaneously with 8-10min
30-40min is kept the temperature, then slowly cools to 320 DEG C -350 DEG C, last cooled to room temperature is light to get the artificial compounded
Aggregate.
The dosage of each raw material can be expanded or shunk simultaneously in proportion in the foam concrete.
The coefficient of foaming of the foaming agent is greater than 50 times.Preferably, the foaming agent is protide foaming agent.
The water-reducing agent is polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent.
The partial size of the artificial compounded lightweight aggregate is 8-15mm.
Further, the preparation method of the artificial compounded lightweight aggregate is preferred：
In step 1), the powder crosses 150 mesh screens；The granularity of the Paris white and straw powder no more than
0.10mm。
In step 1), the mass ratio of Paris white and straw powder is 1:(0.4-0.5).Straw powder used be dry wheat straw or
Powder made of rice straw crushing, grinding.
The 10%-12% of powder mixture quality it is further preferred that the gross mass of Paris white and straw powder is made a living.
In step 2), the partial size of the granulation is 5-16mm.The granulation is granulated using pan-type pelletizer.
In step 2), the drying refers to first spontaneously dries 20-24h at room temperature, then does under the conditions of 105 DEG C -110 DEG C
Dry 4-6h.
In step 3), the cullet is the waste and old plate glass of building waste or house refuse waste bottles and cans glass.It is described
Glass powder crosses 150 meshes.
In step 3), the modulus of the waterglass is 2.6-2.8, specific gravity 1.38-1.45.
In step 4), the mass ratio of shell mixture and hot material grain is (18-22):(78-82).Shell mixture and hot material
When grain mixing, first the shell mixture of half quality is placed in pan-type pelletizer, the hot material grain that temperature is not less than 500 DEG C is added
Mixing carries out secondary granulation, is gradually added into remaining shell mixture in the process；Continue incorporation time after charging to be not less than
20min。
In step 4), the heating rate of the preheating is 8 DEG C -10 DEG C/min；In step 5), the heating rate of the sintering
For 12 DEG C -15 DEG C/min.
It is described to slowly cool to 320 DEG C -350 DEG C and refer to that cooling time is at the uniform velocity cooling not less than 40min in step 5).
A kind of preparation method of the above-mentioned foam concrete using artificial compounded lightweight aggregate, including by cement, flyash,
Quick lime, gypsum, water-reducing agent and water are placed in mix 30-40s in blender and slurry are made；It is according to mass ratio by foaming agent and water
1:50 ratio mixing, which is placed in foaming machine, is made foaming agent, and foaming agent is added in slurry and persistently stirs 2-2.5min, after
Be added artificial compounded lightweight aggregate continue stir 1-1.5min to get.
Foam concrete of the invention uses artificial compounded lightweight aggregate, and the artificial composite light-weight aggregate is with municipal sludge, fine coal
Ash and architecture sediment are made into fecula as main raw material(s), and municipal sludge is typical municipal refuse, and high organic content is being burnt
Organic matter is all combustion-supporting during knot, and heavy metal classes element is then cured in lattice, forms the product of recycling, prevents dirt
Dye；Flyash is generated during coal burning, contained by SiO2And Al2O3Be lightweight aggregate formed intensity it is main at
Point, the good nature of glass is formed during the sintering process, improves intensity；Architecture sediment is also a kind of common solid waste, will
It can make full use of the SiO contained by it as one of the raw material for preparing lightweight aggregate2And Al2O3Deng turning waste into wealth.Municipal sludge,
Fe also rich in flyash and architecture sediment2O3, with K2O and CaO collaboration together, plays good fluxing action, reduces
Firing temperature.The scientific and reasonable allotment of the dosage of three keeps the content harmony of each mineralogical composition moderate, can successfully be fired into and meet
The lightweight aggregate of density requirements, and not excessive energy consumption, thus safety consumption municipal sludge, flyash and architecture sediment these solids
Waste not only realizes the minimizing of solid waste, moreover it is possible to turn waste into wealth, prepare the construction material of green energy conservation.
In the preparation, Paris white and straw powder is added in artificial compounded lightweight aggregate used in fecula powder, and calcium carbonate is made
For pore creating material, it is decomposed into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide gas during the sintering process, the carbon dioxide gas of generation is overflowing outward
During, make to form cavity inside aggregate；On the one hand straw powder provides more organic matters and helps as combustion adjuvant and pore creating material
Combustion, another aspect carbonaceous is reacted with oxygen generates CO and CO2Gas, enhancing pore-creating effect, improves porosity, mitigates quality.
Blank grain in the preparation, before secondary granulation, is warming up to 550 DEG C of -580 DEG C of guarantors by artificial compounded lightweight aggregate used
Warm 18-20min is preheated, and the effect of preheating is that combination water, organic matter in material is made gradually to volatilize and decompose, and adjustment carries out
Subsequent secondary granulation and the material component in high temperature sintering stage, keep the material component of kernel more reasonable, prevent interior nuclear material from existing
It excessively expands, burst apart during follow-up sintering.Shell mixture is mixed with using glass powder and potassium feldspar, borax, waterglass,
Potassium feldspar is used as adhesive as fluxing agent, waterglass as adjustment of formula agent, borax.Shell mixture is mixed with hot material grain
When, hot material grain of the temperature not less than 500 DEG C is easy to adherency shell mixture, carries out secondary granulation, hot material at high operating temperatures
Grain is not easy to adsorb the moisture in air, and shell mixture is then easier to enter hot material grain surface tapping, to surface opening
It is blocked with crack；Secondary granulation makes shell mixture be wrapped in hot material grain surface, glass powder and borax, waterglass phase interworking
It closes, forms the sufficiently large glass liquid phase of viscosity in pellet surface in sintering process, the gas overflowing for preventing interior nuclear material from generating, from
And blind bore gap structure is formed inside aggregate；Glass liquid phase has certain mobility, in interior nuclear material expansion process
Complete surface wrapping layer can be maintained, by follow-up sintering and cooling degree, forming thickness on lightweight aggregate surface is about 0.8-
On the one hand the glass glaze of 1.2mm improves the intensity of artificial lightweight aggregate, on the other hand to the opening hole on kernel haydite surface and
Crack carries out closure sealing, improves the water repellency of lightweight aggregate, greatly reduces water absorption rate.
Artificial compounded lightweight aggregate used in the preparation, first by construction materials contract grain 840 DEG C of -860 DEG C of heat preservation 15-20min of heating, makes table
Surface glass material gradually softens melting and forms netted liquid layer in semi liquid state-liquid package status, then is warming up to 1170 DEG C of -1200 DEG C of guarantors
Warm 15-20min is sintered, interior nuclear material by it is solid state transformed be plastic state, the gaseous matter of generation wrapped up by watch crystal liquid layer
It can not be overflowed in inside, to form a large amount of hole configurationss in inside, pellet generates slight expansion.After sintered heat insulating, adopt
With four stage cooling programs, the first stage is first quickly cooled to 630 DEG C -650 DEG C with 8-10min, which makes pellet surface liquid
Phase rapid curing, particle are formed rapidly, prevent from mutually bonding between pellet；Second stage is in 630 DEG C of -650 DEG C of heat preservation 30-
40min makes pellet slowly complete crystal transfer and fixes crystal phase, and plastic state is fully converted to solid-state；Phase III slowly cools to
320 DEG C -350 DEG C, the shrinkage stress slow release for generating pellet interior and surface in cooling and solidification process prevents pellet
It is cracked or burst apart；Fourth stage cooled to room temperature, to save energy consumption.
For artificial compounded lightweight aggregate used through detecting, apparent density and packing density meet lightweight aggregate in OK range
Requirement.Compared with existing haydite, the single intensity and cylindrical compress strength of the artificial composite light-weight aggregate of present invention gained have greatly
The promotion of amplitude, while water absorption rate is minimum, 1h water absorption rate is no more than 0.20%, and water absorption rate is no more than 0.25% for 24 hours.System of the present invention
The standby artificial composite light-weight aggregate of gained has preferable density, intensity and extremely low water absorption rate, does not influence because absorbing water during mix
Foam stability is suitable for light aggregate foam concrete.
Foam concrete of the invention uses above-mentioned artificial compounded lightweight aggregate, due to the suction of artificial compounded lightweight aggregate used
Water rate is extremely low, and foam development is normal, and stability is good, and bubble burst amount is few, and mixture Slump Time losing of Large is obviously reduced, only
The porosity of 0.3mm/min or so, foam concrete rise, and thermal coefficient is small, reach the left and right 0.050W/ (mk), apparent close
It spends small.Since the intensity of artificial compounded lightweight aggregate used is high, the 7d compression strength of foam concrete of the invention reach 16MPa with
On, 28d compression strength reaches 17.50MPa or more, has good mechanical property and heat preservation and insulation, is suitble to promote the use of.
The present invention can be used for various light energy conservation construction materials, such as composite wall building block using the foam concrete of artificial compounded lightweight aggregate
Or the backfill of wallboard, retaining wall, roofing side slope, the inner core of precast reinforced concrete structure, pipeline, firewall insulation filling, sound insulation
Flooring filling, water pipeline isolated material etc..
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described further With reference to embodiment.
In specific embodiment, portland cement used be 42.5R ordinary portland cement (commercially available), w (CaO)=
58.15%, w (SiO2)=22.64%, specific surface area 340m2/kg.Flyash used is the discarded of certain power plant boiler burning
Object, density 2.08kg/m3, chemical composition is as shown in table 1.Water-reducing agent used is the poly- of outstanding person's new material company production of Chongqing section
Carboxylic acid high efficiency water reducing agent, solid content 23%.Foaming agent used is protide foaming agent, and coefficient of foaming is greater than 50 times, 1h sedimentation
Away from 5mm is not more than, 1h bleeding quantity is not more than 60ml, and specially (the vertical wound energy-saving building material in Hefei is limited for II animal protein foaming agent of LC-
Company)." glue " in the water-cement ratio refers to cementitious material, is calculated as the quality sum of cement and flyash.
In specific embodiment, preparing municipal sludge used in artificial compounded lightweight aggregate is output in municipal sewage plant
Excess sludge, the dewatered sludge re-dry through filters pressing to water content are 20%, and chemical composition is as shown in table 1, wherein SiO2With
Al2O3Total content is not less than 30%.Flyash used is the waste of certain power plant boiler burning, and chemical composition is as shown in table 1,
Wherein SiO2And Al2O3Total content is not less than 70%.Architecture sediment used is the dregs of certain building constructions building site output, chemical group
At as shown in table 1, wherein SiO2And Al2O3Total content is not less than 50%.Municipal sludge used, flyash, SiO in architecture sediment2
Content be not less than Al2O3Twice of content.
The chemical component of 1 raw material of table forms (%, dry mass)
The average grain diameter of Paris white used is 0.075mm；Straw powder used is dry wheat straw (water content 20%) powder
Broken, average grain diameter made from grinding is the powder of 0.075mm.Cullet used is house refuse waste bottles and cans glass, chemical group
At as shown in table 1.Potassium feldspar (K used2O·Al2O3·6SiO2) it is commercial goods, density 2.56g/cm3, contain K2O
9.55%, Al2O316.74%, SiO270.03%, Na2O 2.62%.Waterglass used be commercial goods, modulus 2.65,
Specific gravity is 1.40.
Embodiment 1
The foam concrete using artificial compounded lightweight aggregate of the present embodiment, is prepared by water and following raw material：Cement
315kg, flyash 135kg, quick lime 17.5kg, gypsum 4.0kg, water-reducing agent 1.7kg, foaming agent 1.1kg, the light bone of artificial compounded
Expect 860L；Water-cement ratio is 0.36.
Wherein, artificial compounded lightweight aggregate used is prepared by following methods：
1) by municipal sludge, flyash, architecture sediment respectively be crushed, grinding and cross 150 meshes powder is made, according to city
The mass ratio of sludge, flyash and architecture sediment is 45:45:10 ratio mixes powder, while Paris white and straw is added
Stalk powder is uniformly mixed to obtain fecula mixture；Wherein, the gross mass of Paris white and straw powder is made a living powder mixture quality
10%；Paris white and the mass ratio of straw powder are 1:0.4；
2) incorporation quality is made a living the water of powder mixture quality 30% in fecula mixture obtained by the step 1), after mixing
Sealing ageing 22h must be aged mixture at room temperature；Partial size is set as 8mm, mixture will be aged using pan-type pelletizer
It is granulated, first spontaneously dries 22h, then freeze-day with constant temperature 5h under the conditions of 108 DEG C at room temperature after granulating, obtain blank grain；
3) cullet and is crossed 150 meshes and obtains glass powder broken, grinding, according to glass powder and potassium feldspar, borax, waterglass
Mass ratio be 100:5:5.0:6.5 ratio mixes to obtain shell mixture, spare；
4) blank grain obtained by step 2) is warming up to 580 DEG C of heat preservation 18min with the rate of 10 DEG C/min to preheat, is obtained hot
Expect grain；
It is 20 according to the mass ratio of shell mixture obtained by step 3) and hot material grain:80, first the shell of half quality is mixed
It closes object to be placed in pan-type pelletizer, the hot material grain that gained temperature is 530 DEG C is added, mix and carry out secondary granulation, in mixed process
It is gradually added into remaining shell mixture, 25min is persistently mixed after charging, using hot material grain as kernel, makes shell mixture
It is wrapped in hot material grain surface and forms shell, obtain construction materials contract grain；
5) construction materials contract grain obtained by step 4) is first warming up to 840 DEG C of heat preservation 20min with the rate of 12 DEG C/min, then be warming up to
1170 DEG C of heat preservation 20min are sintered；After sintered heat insulating, 630 DEG C DEG C first are quickly cooled to 10min and keeps the temperature 40min,
Then 320 DEG C are slowly at the uniform velocity cooled to 40min, last cooled to room temperature is to get the artificial compounded lightweight aggregate.
The preparation method of the foam concrete using artificial compounded lightweight aggregate of the present embodiment includes：By cement, flyash,
Quick lime, gypsum, water-reducing agent and water are placed in mix 40s in blender and slurry are made；It according to mass ratio is 1 by foaming agent and water:
50 ratio mixing, which is placed in foaming machine, is made foaming agent, and foaming agent is added in slurry and persistently stirs 2.5min, rear to be added
Artificial compounded lightweight aggregate continues to stir 1.0min to get the foam concrete.
Embodiment 2
The foam concrete using artificial compounded lightweight aggregate of the present embodiment, is prepared by water and following raw material：Cement
320kg, flyash 130kg, quick lime 16.0kg, gypsum 4.5kg, water-reducing agent 1.8kg, foaming agent 1.0kg, the light bone of artificial compounded
Expect 880L；Water-cement ratio is 0.37.
Wherein, artificial compounded lightweight aggregate used is prepared by following methods：
1) by municipal sludge, flyash, architecture sediment respectively be crushed, grinding and cross 150 meshes powder is made, according to city
The mass ratio of sludge, flyash and architecture sediment is 50:40:10 ratio mixes powder, while Paris white and straw is added
Stalk powder is uniformly mixed to obtain fecula mixture；Wherein, the gross mass of Paris white and straw powder is made a living powder mixture quality
10%；Paris white and the mass ratio of straw powder are 1:0.45；
2) incorporation quality is made a living the water of powder mixture quality 28% in fecula mixture obtained by the step 1), after mixing
Sealing ageing 20h must be aged mixture at room temperature；Partial size is set as 8mm, mixture will be aged using pan-type pelletizer
It is granulated, first spontaneously dries 20h, then freeze-day with constant temperature 6h under the conditions of 105 DEG C at room temperature after granulating, obtain blank grain；
3) cullet and is crossed 150 meshes and obtains glass powder broken, grinding, according to glass powder and potassium feldspar, borax, waterglass
Mass ratio be 100:5.5:4.0:5.5 ratio mixes to obtain shell mixture, spare；
4) blank grain obtained by step 2) is warming up to 550 DEG C of heat preservation 20min with the rate of 8 DEG C/min to preheat, is obtained hot
Expect grain；
It is 18 according to the mass ratio of shell mixture obtained by step 3) and hot material grain:82, first the shell of half quality is mixed
It closes object to be placed in pan-type pelletizer, the hot material grain that temperature obtained by step 3) is 510 DEG C is added, mixing carries out secondary granulation, mixing
It is gradually added into remaining shell mixture in the process, 25min is persistently mixed after charging, using hot material grain as kernel, makes shell
Mixture is wrapped in hot material grain surface and forms shell, obtains construction materials contract grain；
5) construction materials contract grain obtained by step 4) is first warming up to 850 DEG C of heat preservation 18min with the rate of 14 DEG C/min, then be warming up to
1190 DEG C of heat preservation 18min are sintered；After sintered heat insulating, 640 DEG C first are quickly cooled to 10min and keeps the temperature 35min, so
440 DEG C are slowly at the uniform velocity cooled to 45min afterwards, last cooled to room temperature is to get the artificial compounded lightweight aggregate.
The preparation method of the foam concrete using artificial compounded lightweight aggregate of the present embodiment includes：By cement, flyash,
Quick lime, gypsum, water-reducing agent and water are placed in mix 35s in blender and slurry are made；It according to mass ratio is 1 by foaming agent and water:
50 ratio mixing, which is placed in foaming machine, is made foaming agent, and foaming agent is added in slurry and persistently stirs 2.0min, rear to be added
Artificial compounded lightweight aggregate continues to stir 1.0min to get the foam concrete.
Embodiment 3
The foam concrete using artificial compounded lightweight aggregate of the present embodiment, is prepared by water and following raw material：Cement
330kg, flyash 120kg, quick lime 17.0kg, gypsum 4.2kg, water-reducing agent 2.0kg, foaming agent 1.2kg, the light bone of artificial compounded
Expect 900L；Water-cement ratio is 0.38.
Wherein, artificial compounded lightweight aggregate used is prepared by following methods：
1) by municipal sludge, flyash, architecture sediment respectively be crushed, grinding and cross 150 meshes powder is made, according to city
The mass ratio of sludge, flyash and architecture sediment is 45:40:15 ratio mixes powder, while Paris white and straw is added
Stalk powder is uniformly mixed to obtain fecula mixture；Wherein, the gross mass of Paris white and straw powder is made a living powder mixture quality
10%；Paris white and the mass ratio of straw powder are 1:0.5；
2) incorporation quality is made a living the water of powder mixture quality 33% in fecula mixture obtained by the step 1), after mixing
Sealing ageing at room temperature must be aged mixture for 24 hours；Partial size is set as 8mm, mixture will be aged using pan-type pelletizer
It is granulated, is first spontaneously dried for 24 hours at room temperature after granulating, then freeze-day with constant temperature 4h under the conditions of 110 DEG C, obtain blank grain；
3) cullet and is crossed 150 meshes and obtains glass powder broken, grinding, according to glass powder and potassium feldspar, borax, waterglass
Mass ratio be 100:6.0:4.5:6.0 ratio mixes to obtain shell mixture, spare；
4) blank grain obtained by step 2) is warming up to 570 DEG C of heat preservation 18min with the rate of 9 DEG C/min to preheat, is obtained hot
Expect grain；
It is 22 according to the mass ratio of shell mixture obtained by step 3) and hot material grain:78, first the shell of half quality is mixed
It closes object to be placed in pan-type pelletizer, the hot material grain that temperature obtained by step 3) is 520 DEG C is added, mixing carries out secondary granulation, mixing
It is gradually added into remaining shell mixture in the process, 25min is persistently mixed after charging, using hot material grain as kernel, makes shell
Mixture is wrapped in hot material grain surface and forms shell, obtains construction materials contract grain；
5) construction materials contract grain obtained by step 4) is first warming up to 860 DEG C of heat preservation 15min with the rate of 15 DEG C/min, then be warming up to
1200 DEG C of heat preservation 15min are sintered；After sintered heat insulating, 650 DEG C first are quickly cooled to 10min and keeps the temperature 30min, so
350 DEG C are slowly at the uniform velocity cooled to 50min afterwards, last cooled to room temperature is to get the artificial compounded lightweight aggregate.
The preparation method of the foam concrete using artificial compounded lightweight aggregate of the present embodiment includes：By cement, flyash,
Quick lime, gypsum, water-reducing agent and water are placed in mix 30s in blender and slurry are made；It according to mass ratio is 1 by foaming agent and water:
50 ratio mixing, which is placed in foaming machine, is made foaming agent, and foaming agent is added in slurry and persistently stirs 2.5min, rear to be added
Artificial compounded lightweight aggregate continues to stir 1.5min to get the foam concrete.
Experimental example 1
This experimental example detects the performance of artificial compounded lightweight aggregate made from embodiment 1-3, detection method reference
《GB/T17431-2010 light-weight aggregate and its test method》, the results are shown in Table 2.
Wherein, comparative example 1 be embodiment 1 when preparing artificial compounded lightweight aggregate obtained by hot material grain directly carry out step 5)
It is sintered haydite obtained by simultaneously natural cooling, no secondary granulation step.
The performance test results of artificial compounded lightweight aggregate made from 2 embodiment 1-3 of table
| Project | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Comparative example 1 |
| Grain diameter, mm | 10.03 | 9.98 | 10.10 | 9.24 |
| Apparent density, kg/m3 | 985 | 1002 | 941 | 883 |
| Bulk density, kg/m3 | 517 | 550 | 529 | 506 |
| Single intensity, MPa | 3.63 | 3.87 | 3.69 | 1.94 |
| Cylindrical compress strength, MPa | 9.30 | 9.55 | 9.49 | 5.86 |
| 1h water absorption rate, % | 0.10 | 0.16 | 0.15 | 10.13 |
| Water absorption rate for 24 hours, % | 0.18 | 0.22 | 0.20 | 14.35 |
From table 2 it can be seen that the partial size of artificial compounded lightweight aggregate made from embodiment 1-3 is in 10mm or so, apparent density
In 940-1010kg/m3Between, packing density is in 510-550kg/m3Between, meet the requirement of lightweight aggregate.With comparative example
Haydite is compared, and the single intensity and cylindrical compress strength of artificial compounded lightweight aggregate made from embodiment 1-3 have greatly improved, together
When water absorption rate it is minimum, 1h water absorption rate be no more than 0.20%, for 24 hours water absorption rate be no more than 0.25%.The experimental results showed that system of the present invention
Standby artificial compounded lightweight aggregate has preferable density, intensity and extremely low water absorption rate, is suitable for light aggregate foam concrete.
Experimental example 2
This experimental example detects the performance of foam concrete obtained by embodiment 1-3, and the results are shown in Table 3.
Detection method reference《GB/T 50080-2002 normal concrete mixture performance test methods》With《GB/T
50081 standard for test methods of mechanical properties of ordinary concretes》.Foam concrete obtained by embodiment 1-3 is poured and builds up test specimen, is formed
Demoulding after 1d, test intensity after standard curing to regulation age；Sample dimensions 100mm × 100mm × 100mm.
Wherein, comparative example 2 is using foam concrete, concrete component formula and system made from 1 gained haydite of comparative example
Preparation Method is with embodiment 1, the difference is that the artificial compounded lightweight aggregate in 1 concrete of embodiment is replaced with comparative example 1
Haydite.
The performance test results of foam concrete obtained by 3 embodiment 1-3 of table
From table 3 it can be seen that the ceramsite foam concrete of comparative example 2, during mixing, haydite absorbs water to foam steep that wall
The destruction of double electrical layers has a negative impact to the stability of foam in concrete, and haydite water suction will lead to steel foams
On haydite surface, steep that wall is accelerated to vanish by strong traction, extension, and bubble burst amount makes greatly mixture workability be deteriorated, tool
It is big that body is embodied in mixture Slump Time losing of Large, and more than 2mm/min, the apparent density of concrete increases, more than 1300kg/
m3, lose the meaning using lightweight aggregate.
Compared with comparative example 2, the foam concrete of embodiment 1-3 uses homemade artificial compounded lightweight aggregate, due to used
The water absorption rate of artificial compounded lightweight aggregate is extremely low, and foam development is normal, and stability is good, and bubble burst amount is few, mixture slump warp
When loss be obviously reduced, only 0.3mm/min or so, the porosity of foam concrete rises, and thermal coefficient is small, reaches
The left and right 0.050W/ (mk), apparent density is small, in 960-1010kg/m3Between.Due to the intensity of artificial compounded lightweight aggregate used
Height, the 7d compression strength of foam concrete obtained by embodiment 1-3 reach 16MPa or more, 28d compression strength reach 17.50MPa with
On.The experimental results showed that the foam concrete of the invention using artificial lightweight aggregate has good mechanical property and heat-insulated guarantor
Warm nature energy can be used for various light energy conservation construction materials, such as composite wall building block or wallboard, retaining wall, roofing side slope, pre-manufactured steel
Inner core, pipeline backfill, firewall insulation filling, sound insulation flooring filling, water pipeline isolated material of reinforced concrete component etc..
Claims (9)
1. a kind of foam concrete using artificial compounded lightweight aggregate, it is characterised in that：Mainly by water and following raw material preparation and
At：Cement 315-330kg, flyash 120-135kg, quick lime 16.0-17.5kg, gypsum 4.0-4.5kg, water-reducing agent 1.7-
2.0kg, foaming agent 1.0-1.2kg, artificial compounded lightweight aggregate 860-900L；Water-cement ratio is 0.36-0.38；
Wherein, the artificial compounded lightweight aggregate is prepared by method comprising the following steps：
1) by municipal sludge, flyash, architecture sediment, powder is made in broken respectively, grinding, according to municipal sludge, flyash and is built
The mass ratio for building dregs is (45-50):(40-45):The ratio of (10-15) mixes powder, while Paris white and straw is added
Stalk powder is uniformly mixed to obtain fecula mixture；The gross mass of Paris white and straw powder is no more than the 12% of fecula mixture quality；
2) water that fecula mixture quality 28%-33% is mixed in the fecula mixture obtained by step 1), seals after mixing
Ageing 20-24h must be aged mixture；Ageing mixture is granulated and is dried, blank grain is obtained；
3) by cullet, for broken, grinding at glass powder, the mass ratio according to glass powder and potassium feldspar, borax, waterglass is 100:
(5.0-6.0):(4.0-5.0):The ratio of (5.5-6.5) mixes to obtain shell mixture, spare；
4) blank grain obtained by step 2) is warming up to 550 DEG C of -580 DEG C of heat preservation 18-20min to preheat, obtains hot material grain；By gained
Hot material grain of the temperature not less than 500 DEG C is mixed with shell mixture obtained by step 3) immediately carries out secondary granulation, mixes shell
Object is wrapped in hot material grain surface, obtains construction materials contract grain；
5) construction materials contract grain obtained by step 4) is first warming up to 840 DEG C of -860 DEG C of heat preservation 15-20min, then is warming up to 1170 DEG C -1200 DEG C
Heat preservation 15-20min is sintered；After sintered heat insulating, 630 DEG C -650 DEG C first are quickly cooled to 8-10min and keeps the temperature 30-
Then 40min slowly cools to 320 DEG C -350 DEG C, last cooled to room temperature is to get the artificial compounded lightweight aggregate.
2. the foam concrete according to claim 1 using artificial compounded lightweight aggregate, it is characterised in that：The foaming agent
Coefficient of foaming be greater than 50 times.
3. the foam concrete according to claim 1 using artificial compounded lightweight aggregate, it is characterised in that：The water-reducing agent
For polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent.
4. the foam concrete according to claim 1 using artificial compounded lightweight aggregate, it is characterised in that：It is described artificial multiple
The partial size for closing lightweight aggregate is 8-15mm.
5. the foam concrete according to claim 1 using artificial compounded lightweight aggregate, it is characterised in that：In step 1),
Paris white and the mass ratio of straw powder are 1:(0.4-0.5).
6. the foam concrete according to claim 1 using artificial compounded lightweight aggregate, it is characterised in that：In step 3),
The modulus of the waterglass is 2.6-2.8, specific gravity 1.38-1.45.
7. the foam concrete according to claim 1 using artificial compounded lightweight aggregate, it is characterised in that：In step 4),
In step 4), the mass ratio of shell mixture and hot material grain is (18-22):(78-82).
8. the foam concrete according to claim 1 using artificial compounded lightweight aggregate, it is characterised in that：In step 5),
It is described to slowly cool to 320 DEG C -350 DEG C and refer to that cooling time is at the uniform velocity cooling not less than 40min.
9. a kind of preparation side of such as foam concrete of any of claims 1-8 using artificial compounded lightweight aggregate
Method, it is characterised in that：Including cement, flyash, quick lime, gypsum, water-reducing agent and water are placed in mix 30-40s in blender
Slurry is made；It according to mass ratio is 1 by foaming agent and water:50 ratio mixing, which is placed in foaming machine, is made foaming agent, will steep
Foam agent is added in slurry and persistently stirs 2-2.5min, it is rear be added artificial compounded lightweight aggregate continue to stir 1-1.5min to get.
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| CN116217263A (en) * | 2023-03-03 | 2023-06-06 | 建筑材料工业技术监督研究中心 | Light permeable concrete with ultra-high aperture ratio, preparation method, special ingredients and application thereof |
| CN116217263B (en) * | 2023-03-03 | 2023-12-19 | 建筑材料工业技术监督研究中心 | Light permeable concrete with ultra-high aperture ratio, preparation method, special ingredients and application thereof |
| CN116789380A (en) * | 2023-06-26 | 2023-09-22 | 毓美生态环境科技(北京)有限公司 | Lightweight aggregate prepared from solid waste, and preparation method and application thereof |
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