CN108859101A - The manufacturing method of three-dimensional moulding device and three-dimension object - Google Patents
The manufacturing method of three-dimensional moulding device and three-dimension object Download PDFInfo
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- CN108859101A CN108859101A CN201810212363.XA CN201810212363A CN108859101A CN 108859101 A CN108859101 A CN 108859101A CN 201810212363 A CN201810212363 A CN 201810212363A CN 108859101 A CN108859101 A CN 108859101A
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- melted material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/16—Cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/188—Processes of additive manufacturing involving additional operations performed on the added layers, e.g. smoothing, grinding or thickness control
- B29C64/194—Processes of additive manufacturing involving additional operations performed on the added layers, e.g. smoothing, grinding or thickness control during lay-up
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
- B29C64/209—Heads; Nozzles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/245—Platforms or substrates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/295—Heating elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B29C64/393—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/16—Cooling
- B29C2035/1658—Cooling using gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/16—Cooling
- B29C2035/1658—Cooling using gas
- B29C2035/1666—Cooling using gas dried air
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2101/00—Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
- B29K2101/12—Thermoplastic materials
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides the manufacturing method of a kind of three-dimensional moulding device and three-dimension object, improves the Modeling precision of three-dimension object.The three-dimensional moulding device for manufacturing three-dimension object, has：Plasticising portion makes thermoplastic material be plasticized and be converted into melted material；Blowing unit has the nozzle for spraying melted material；First air supplying part is blown around nozzle towards the melted material sprayed from nozzle；Banker is stacked the melted material sprayed from nozzle；And control unit, mobile mechanism is controlled, which changes the relative positional relationship between blowing unit and banker.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the manufacturing methods of three-dimensional moulding device and three-dimension object.
Background technique
It is related to three-dimensional moulding device, in the technology described in patent document 1, in the material rapid curing being plasticized
In the case where, solvent is supplied to the upper surface for having carried out cured material, so that the material is melted, it is further from stacking thereon
Thus the material of melting improves the Modeling precision of three-dimension object.
Existing technical literature
Patent document
Patent document 1：Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2006-192710 bulletin
Summary of the invention
Problem to be solved by the invention
But sometimes based upon the temperature for the material being plasticized, without rapid curing, but with the state of melting into
Row stacking.So, a possibility that material after stacking is deformed because of self weight etc., and there are Modeling precision reductions.
The means used to solve the problem
The present invention is to propose to solve the above-mentioned problems, can be accomplished by the following way.
(1) mode according to the present invention provides the three-dimensional moulding device of manufacture three-dimension object.The three-dimensional moulding device,
It is characterized in that, having：Plasticising portion makes thermoplastic material be plasticized and be converted into melted material；Blowing unit has for spraying
The nozzle of the melted material；First air supplying part, towards the melting material sprayed from the nozzle around the nozzle
Material is blown；Banker is stacked the melted material sprayed from the nozzle；And control unit, mobile mechanism is controlled,
The mobile mechanism changes the relative positional relationship between the blowing unit and the banker.It is made if the three-dimensional of this mode
Type device can be then laminated on the basis of reducing from the temperature for the melted material that nozzle sprays, therefore, be able to suppress layer
Poststack three-dimension object is deformed because of self weight etc..As a result, it is possible to improve the Modeling precision of three-dimension object.
(2) in the three-dimensional moulding device of aforesaid way, first air supplying part has multiple around the nozzle
The first blow-off outlet blown towards the material sprayed from the nozzle, can blow to each self-adjusting of first blow-off outlet
Amount, the control unit can moving direction according to the blowing unit relative to the banker, control first blow-off outlet
Respective air output.According to this mode, the Modeling precision of three-dimension object can be further increased.
(3) three-dimensional moulding device of aforesaid way can also have makes described in around first air supplying part
The second air supplying part blown on the direction of type platform side.According to this mode, by from the second air supplying part towards banker side
Air-supply and the variation of the air-flow around blowing unit can be blocked, therefore be able to suppress the emission direction of the material sprayed from nozzle
It is changed because of disturbing factor.Therefore, the Modeling precision of three-dimension object can be further increased.
(4) in the three-dimensional moulding device of aforesaid way, second air supplying part has around first air supplying part
Standby multiple the second blow-off outlets blown towards the banker side, can blow to each self-adjusting of second blow-off outlet
Amount, the control unit can moving direction according to the blowing unit relative to the banker, control second blow-off outlet
Respective air output.According to this mode, the Modeling precision of three-dimension object can be further increased.
(5) in the three-dimensional moulding device of aforesaid way, the plasticising portion may include snail portion and heating part.Root
According to this three-dimensional moulding device, device integral miniaturization can be made.
The present invention is other than as the mode of above-mentioned three-dimensional moulding device, additionally it is possible to realize by various modes.Example
It such as, can be by manufacturing the manufacturing method of three-dimension object, the computer program for manufacturing three-dimension object, recording the computer journey
The mode of the tangible recording medium of the non-transitory of sequence etc. is realized.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the explanatory diagram for showing the schematic configuration of three-dimensional moulding device of first embodiment.
Fig. 2 is the perspective view in snail portion.
Fig. 3 is the top view of heating part.
Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional perspective view for showing the outline structure of blowing unit.
Fig. 5 is the perspective view for showing the structure of lower surface of blowing unit.
Fig. 6 is the figure for illustrating the effect of first embodiment.
Fig. 7 is the figure for illustrating the effect of first embodiment.
Fig. 8 is the figure for illustrating the effect of first embodiment.
Fig. 9 is the explanatory diagram for showing the summary of blowing unit of second embodiment.
Figure 10 is the explanatory diagram for showing the concept of control unit control air output.
Figure 11 is the explanatory diagram for showing the concept of control unit control air output.
Figure 12 is the explanatory diagram for showing the schematic configuration of three-dimensional moulding device of third embodiment.
Description of symbols
10,10b ... three-dimensional moulding device；15 ... spire shells；20 ... hoppers；22 ... communication paths；30 ... driving electricity
Machine；40 ... snail portions；42 ... volution troughs；44 ... material streams；46 ... central portions；48 ... volution trough forming faces；50…
Heating part；52 ... spire opposed faces；54 ... guiding grooves；56 ... intercommunicating pores；58 ... heaters；60 ... blowing units；61 ... nozzles；
70,70a, 70b ... blowing unit；71, the first air supplying part of 71a ...；72 ... the first components；73 ... protrusions；74 ... first air dams
Part；75 ... flow paths；76 ... first introducing ports；77 ... first blow-off outlets；79 ... conduits；81, the second air supplying part of 81a ...；83 ... rings
Shape component；84 ... second wind guide components；85 ... second introducing ports；87 ... second blow-off outlets；90 ... plasticising portions；91 ... clamping rings；
100 ... spray unit；200 ... bankers；220 ... mobile mechanisms；300 ... control units；OB ... three-dimension object.
Specific embodiment
A. first embodiment：
Fig. 1 is the explanatory diagram for showing the schematic configuration of three-dimensional moulding device 10 of first embodiment of the invention.It is three-dimensional
Styling apparatus 10 has spray unit 100, banker 200 and control unit 300.Three directions perpendicular to one another are shown in FIG. 1
X,Y,Z.X-direction and Y-direction are horizontally oriented, and +Z direction is vertical upwardly direction.Also scheme as needed in the other drawings
Show these directions.Hereinafter, +Z direction side is known as " upside " sometimes, -Z direction side is known as " downside ".
Spray unit 100 have spire shell 15, the hopper 20 of receiving material, driving motor 30, snail portion 40,
Heating part 50, the blowing unit 60 with the nozzle 61 for spraying melted material, blowing unit 70.Snail portion 40 and heating
Portion 50 constitutes the plasticising portion 90 for thermoplastic material being plasticized and being converted into melted material." plasticising " refers to by material
It heats and is melted.
Thermoplastic material is put into hopper 20.As material, such as it is able to use acrylic resin (PP), polyethylene
Resin (PE), acetal resin (POM), Corvic (PVC), polyamide (PA), acrylonitrile-butadiene-benzene second
Olefine resin (ABS), polylactic resin (PLA), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK), polycarbonate (PC) etc..
In addition, the shape as material, is able to use the solid material of particle or powder etc..In addition, thermoplastic material can be packet
Composition containing thermoplastic material and other compositions.
The snail portion 40 in plasticising portion 90 is contained in spire shell 15, and is rotated by driving motor 30.
Via communication path 22, from hopper 20 to the side supplying material in snail portion 40.Following table of the material in snail portion 40
Space between face and the upper surface of heating part 50 is carried out by the rotation in snail portion 40 and the heating of heating part 50
Plasticising, to become melted material.In heating part 50, embedment is used for the heater 58 of heating material.Melted material exists via setting
The intercommunicating pore 56 at the center of heating part 50 is supplied to blowing unit 60, sprays from nozzle 61.The diameter of nozzle 61 is, for example, 0.07~
The linear diameter of 2.0mm, the melted material sprayed from nozzle 61 are also 0.07~2.0mm.
Banker 200 is the platform for being laminated with the melted material sprayed from nozzle 61.In the present embodiment, banker 200
With flat shape.Banker 200, can be in X-direction, Y-direction, three axis directions of Z-direction by mobile mechanism 220
It is mobile.Mobile mechanism 220 has the function of changing the relative positional relationship between blowing unit 60 and banker 200.It can be by making
Change the relative positional relationship between blowing unit 60 and banker 200 with mobile mechanism 220, to manufacture the three-dimensional article of arbitrary shape
Body OB.In the present embodiment, it is three-dimensional mobile to make banker 200 for mobile mechanism 220, but as mobile mechanism 220, can use
Make the three-dimensional mobile mechanism of blowing unit 60 (i.e. spray unit 100).Alternatively, can use makes 60 (i.e. spray unit of blowing unit
100) it is moved on an axis or two axis directions with one of banker 200, the shifting for moving another in remaining axis direction
Motivation structure.
Control unit 300 is by executing the driving motor 30 of spray unit 100 and the control of mobile mechanism 220, to control spray
Position of the portion 60 relative to banker 200 out controls the position that melted material is laminated on banker 200.In addition, control unit
300 controls blown by blowing unit 70.In the present embodiment, when spraying melted material from blowing unit 60, control
Portion 300 processed makes blowing unit 70 blow, and when not spraying melted material from blowing unit 60, control unit 300 stops from air-supply
Unit 70 is blown.Control unit 300 by the computer of processor and memory including CPU such as can be realized.It is depositing
The computer program for controlling three-dimensional moulding device 10 is stored in reservoir.Computer program also can store can in computer
In the tangible recording medium of the non-transitory of reading.
Fig. 2 is the perspective view for showing the face of lower face side in snail portion 40.Snail portion 40 is axis direction
The small generally cylindrical spire of height diameter group.Snail portion 40 has on the face opposed with heating part 50 (Fig. 1)
Multiple volution troughs 42.The face for being formed with volution trough 42 is known as " volution trough forming face 48 ".Volution trough 42 is from snail portion 40
The central portion 46 of periphery towards volution trough forming face 48 be formed as swirl shape or helical form.Volution trough 42 is connected in plane spiral shell
The material stream 44 that the side in rotation portion 40 is formed.The material stream 44 is to receive to supply from hopper 20 via communication path 22
Material part.When snail portion 40 is rotated, material is plasticized while being heated.
Fig. 3 is the top view of heating part 50.Heating part 50 has opposed with the volution trough forming face 48 in snail portion 40
Spire opposed faces 52.It is formed in spire opposed faces 52 and is formed as swirl shape or spiral helicine multiple guiding grooves 54.?
The intercommunicating pore 56 of spire opposed faces 52 being centrally formed with for supplying melted material to blowing unit 60.Multiple guiding grooves 54 have
There is the function that melted material is directed to intercommunicating pore 56.As shown in Figure 1, being used for the heater of heating material in the embedment of heating part 50
58.The plasticising of material is realized by the heating of the heater 58 and the rotation in snail portion 40.The melted material being plasticized
The state melted completely with being heated to the temperature of glass transition temperature or more is sprayed by intercommunicating pore 56 from blowing unit 60.
Fig. 4 is the cross-sectional perspective view for showing the outline structure of blowing unit 70.Fig. 5 is the lower surface for showing blowing unit 70
Structure perspective view.Blowing unit 70 has the first air supplying part 71 and the second air supplying part 81.In the present embodiment, from first
The temperature for the air that air supplying part 71 and the second air supplying part 81 are sent out is room temperature (20 DEG C).
First air supplying part 71 is blown around nozzle 61 towards the melted material sprayed from nozzle 61.This embodiment party
First air supplying part 71 of formula is blown from the melted material that is positioned against more upper than the front end of nozzle 61.In present embodiment
In, the first air supplying part 71 has the substantially cylindric first component 72 being fixed on around columned blowing unit 60.?
The periphery of one component 72 is provided with flange shape protrusion 73.Front end side (-Z direction side) is being provided with front end center than protrusion 73
The first substantially coniform wind guide component 74 of opening.From the opening portion of the first wind guide component 74, blowing unit 60 it is coniform
Front end it is prominent to the side-Z.
Spiral helicine flow path 75 is formed in a manner of along the periphery of blowing unit 60 in the inside of the first component 72.It is flowing
The upper end on road 75 is provided with the first introducing port 76 for importing compressed air.In the air that flow path 75 flows along setting in nozzle 61
Around the first wind guide component 74, towards from nozzle 61 spray melted material send out.Since compressed air is spiral helicine
Flow path 75 flows, therefore can become turbulent flow from the air that the first air supplying part 71 is sent out.Therefore, melting material can be effectively reduced
The temperature of material.Air output (flow) from the first air supplying part 71 is, for example, 3~50L/min.The air output is set as from nozzle
61 spray melted materials temperature (such as 200 DEG C) be reduced to it is 5~30 DEG C higher than the glass transition temperature of the material, preferably 10
~20 DEG C of temperature.In addition, flow path 75 can be double-spiral structure.In addition, flow path 75 is not limited to helical form, such as can also
To be cylindric flow path.
First air supplying part 71 of present embodiment as constituted above is blown from surrounding's complete cycle of nozzle 61.For
This, the first air supplying part 71 is configured to from equiangularly interval setting three or more around nozzle 61, preferably four
Above air outlet is blown towards melted material.Even this composition, it may also be said to carried out around nozzle 61
Air-supply.
Second air supplying part 81 is blown around the first air supplying part 71 towards the direction of 200 side of banker.Direction is made
The direction of 200 side of type platform is the direction of the component with the direction towards 200 side of banker, preferably upper with banker 200
The vertical direction in surface.In the present embodiment, the second air supplying part 81 has：The endless member being fixed on around protrusion 73
83；And it is extended to around the opening portion of the first wind guide component 74 from the lower surface (face of -Z direction side) of endless member 83
Second wind guide component 84 of conical shaped.The second introducing port 85 for importing compressed air is provided in endless member 83.From
The air that two introducing ports 85 import is in the spatial flow being formed between the first wind guide component 74 and the second wind guide component 84, from the
It is sent out towards 200 side of banker the opening portion of two wind guide components 84.The opening portion of second wind guide component 84 and the first wind guide component
Center configuration concentric round shape of 74 opening portion relative to nozzle 61.Air output from the second air supplying part 81 is not special
It limits, but is preferably capable forming the air output of laminar flow.
Second air supplying part 81 of present embodiment as constituted above is blown from surrounding's complete cycle of the first air supplying part 71.
For this, the second air supplying part 81 is configured to from equiangularly interval setting three or more around the first air supplying part 71,
Preferably more than four air outlets are blown.Even this composition, it may also be said to be around the first air supplying part 71
It blows.
In the present embodiment, three-dimension object OB is manufactured with probably following sequence.That is, the three-dimensional of present embodiment
The manufacturing method of object is following manufacturing method：
(1) thermoplastic material is plasticized, is converted to melted material；
(2) melted material is sprayed from the nozzle 61 for being set to blowing unit 60；
(3) it blows around nozzle 61 towards the melted material sprayed from nozzle 61；
(4) change the relative positional relationship between blowing unit 60 and banker 200 on one side, be laminated on one side in banker 200
The melted material sprayed from nozzle 61.
Fig. 6~8 are the figures for illustrating the effect of present embodiment.Fig. 6, which is shown without, to blow to melted material, is made
The state of hollow cabinet is manufactured for three-dimension object.When not blowing to melted material, as shown in fig. 6, the top of cabinet
Face is sagging because of its self weight.This is because the temperature of the material after stacking is excessively high and cannot maintain shape.For this, pass through air-supply
Unit 70 manufactures cabinet while being blown, as shown in fig. 7, without making top surface is sagging to be just able to carry out manufacture.In addition, logical
It crosses and blows to melted material, as shown in figure 8, single line can be described in space.This is because by utilizing blowing unit
70 reduce the temperature of melted materials, so as to seek what the mutual bonding effect of material and shape maintained to take into account.In addition, Fig. 6
Glass transition temperature is that 89 DEG C of ABS resin is converted into linear diameter 1.0mm, 200 DEG C of temperature molten by three-dimension object shown in~8
Melt material to be manufactured.In addition, Fig. 7, the temperature of the melted material is reduced to by three-dimension object by blowing unit 70 shown in 8
100 DEG C or so are laminated.In addition, the temperature (200 DEG C) of the melted material before air-supply is the temperature of the material in nozzle 61,
Temperature (100 DEG C) after air-supply is to spray material from nozzle 61 and carrying out layer on banker 200 or the layer formed
The temperature of the material at folded time point.
The three-dimensional moulding device 10 of present embodiment from the description above can be reduced by the first air supplying part 71 from spray
The temperature for the melted material that mouth 61 sprays, is laminated on this basis, therefore, is able to suppress after stacking material because of self weight etc.
And the case where deforming.As a result, it is possible to improve the Modeling precision of three-dimension object.In addition, according to the present embodiment, as Fig. 8 is shown
Three-dimension object it is such, without supporting material being capable of moulding overhanging portion.Supporting material is used in three-dimension object manufacture
The material of overhanging portion is supported from below, and is the material removed after three-dimension object manufacture.
In addition, in the present embodiment, due to blowing around nozzle 61 towards melted material, it is thus possible to make
The emission direction of melted material is stablized.Therefore, the Modeling precision of three-dimension object can be further increased.
In addition, in the present embodiment, by the air-supply from the second air supplying part 81 towards banker 200, so as to hide
The variation of the air-flow around blowing unit 60 is kept off, therefore is able to suppress the emission direction of the material sprayed from nozzle 61 because of disturbing factor
And it changes.Therefore, the Modeling precision of three-dimension object can be further increased.
In addition, three-dimensional moulding device 10 according to the present embodiment, by the plasticising portion 90 with snail portion 40 into
The plasticising of row material, therefore the height of device can be reduced, device integral miniaturization can be made.In addition, in the present embodiment,
Material is plasticized using snail portion 40, so that so that it becomes molten condition, sprays the melted material from nozzle 61 and come
Three-dimension object OB is manufactured, therefore is able to use the material of various material and shape to manufacture three-D moulding object.This point is opposite
It is very big advantage for the fibril that the three-dimensional moulding device of general FDM mode (fused deposition mode) needs material.
In addition, the blowing unit 70 of present embodiment has the two air-supplies of the first air supplying part 71 and the second air supplying part 81
Portion, it is also possible to omit the second air supplying part 81.In addition, in the present embodiment, being set as controlling blowing unit by control unit 300
Whether 70 blow, but the air-supply of blowing unit 70 can also be controlled by manual or other devices.
B. second embodiment：
In the first embodiment, whole around nozzle 61 by blowing unit 70 equably to blow.For
This controls the air supply direction of blowing unit by control unit 300 in this second embodiment.
Fig. 9 is the explanatory diagram for showing the summary of blowing unit 70a of second embodiment.It is shown in FIG. 9 from upside (+Z
Direction side) observation blowing unit 70a blow-off outlet configuration situation.First air supplying part 71a of present embodiment is in nozzle 61
Around have the first blow-off outlet 77 that multiple directions are blown from the melted material that nozzle 61 sprays, be configured to be directed to
Each first blow-off outlet 77 adjusts air output.In the present embodiment, equiangularly interval has eight around nozzle 61
First blow-off outlet 77.Compressed air is supplied to each first blow-off outlet 77 by piping respectively.Control unit 300 is set to by control
The valve being respectively piped, to control the ON/OFF and air output of the respective air-supply of the first blow-off outlet 77.
In addition, the second air supplying part 81a of present embodiment have around the first air supplying part 71a it is multiple towards banker
The second blow-off outlet 87 that 200 sides are blown is configured to adjust air output for each second blow-off outlet 87.In this implementation
In mode, equiangularly interval has eight the second blow-off outlets 87 around the first air supplying part 71a.Respectively by being piped to each
Second blow-off outlet 87 supplies compressed air.Control unit 33 is set to the valve of each piping by control, to control the second blow-off outlet 87
The ON/OFF and air output of respective air-supply.
In the present embodiment, moving direction of the control unit 300 according to blowing unit 60 relative to banker 200, control the
The respective air output of one blow-off outlet 77.In addition, moving direction of the control unit 300 according to blowing unit 60 relative to banker 200, control
Make the respective air output of the second blow-off outlet 87.
Figure 10 and Figure 11 is the explanatory diagram for showing the concept that control unit 300 controls air output.It shows and is manufacturing in Figure 10
In the case where three-dimension object shown in Fig. 8, blowing unit 60 moving direction.First direction shown in Fig. 10 is blowing unit 60
The direction mobile to -Y direction.Second direction is the direction mobile to -X direction of blowing unit 60.Third direction be blowing unit 60 to+
The mobile direction of Y-direction.Fourth direction is the direction mobile to +X direction of blowing unit 60.5th direction is blowing unit 60 to the side+X
To and the mobile direction of -Y direction.
Each first blow-off outlet 77 and each second blow-off outlet 87 of the moving direction based on blowing unit 60 is shown in FIG. 11
Air output (flow).In addition, the section in Figure 11 relative to melted material, which shows wind, touches the linear molten of stacking
Melt the direction of material.As shown in figs.10 and 11, in the present embodiment, the increase of control unit 300 is equivalent to the shifting of blowing unit 60
First blow-off outlet 77 in the direction of the horizontal side of dynamic front direction and moving direction and the air output of the second blow-off outlet 87.For
This, control unit 300 more leans on the direction of rear side relative to the moving direction of blowing unit 60, more reduces the first blow-off outlet 77 and second
The air output of blow-off outlet 87.
According to the present embodiment, pass through the air-supply of each first blow-off outlet 77 of such as above-mentioned control and each second blow-off outlet 87
Amount, so as to inhibit the variation of the air-flow around the blowing unit 60 generated with the movement of blowing unit 60 to spray to from nozzle 61
The emission direction of melted material out impacts.Therefore, three-dimension object can more precisely be manufactured.
In addition, in the present embodiment, about both the first air supplying part 71a and the second air supplying part 81a, control is respectively blown
The air output of outlet, but any blow-off outlet of the first air supplying part 71a and the second air supplying part 81a can be controlled.
In addition, in the present embodiment, showing the first blow-off outlet 77 and the second blow-off outlet 87 having eight respectively
Example, but they can be less quantity (such as respectively there are four), be also possible to more quantity (such as has 16 respectively
It is a).
In addition, in the present embodiment, as shown in figure 11, by three ranks (flow is small, in flow, flow it is big) adjustment gives
Either one or two of air quantity, but also adjustable is two ranks, that is, blow or do not blow.
C. third embodiment：
Figure 12 is the explanatory diagram for showing the schematic configuration of three-dimensional moulding device 10b of third embodiment of the present invention.?
In third embodiment and other embodiments, the composition of blowing unit is different.
As shown in figure 12, between the blowing unit 70b of present embodiment is around nozzle 61 (blowing unit 60) equiangularly
Every having four conduits 79.In Figure 12, for the ease of illustration, two conduits 79 are only shown.These conduits 79 for example pass through folder
Circle 91 etc. is fixed on blowing unit 60 or spire shell 15.Each conduit 79 has the first air supplying part for being equivalent to first embodiment
71 function.Therefore, compressed air is imported into each conduit 79, it is molten from the front end of each conduit 79 towards what is sprayed from nozzle 61
Melt material to blow.
As shown in the embodiment, it by constituting blowing unit 70b by conduit 79, is sprayed to also can reduce from nozzle 61
The temperature of melted material out, therefore can be improved the Modeling precision of three-dimension object OB.According to this composition, three-dimensional can be simplified
The composition of styling apparatus 10b, therefore can reduce the manufacturing cost of three-dimensional moulding device 10b.
In addition, in the present embodiment, having four conduits 79, but the radical of conduit 79 can be four or more.For example,
With third embodiment likewise it is possible to equiangularly interval configuration 8 around nozzle 61.In addition, if in these conduits
Equiangularly interval configures more conduits around 79, then can pass through each conduit and constitute the first air supplying part 71 and the second air-supply
Portion 81.
D. variation：
1 > of < variation
In the above-described embodiment, to constitute three-dimension object material (constituent material) blow, but can also to
It blows in the supporting material of bearing constituent material.In other words, as long as the present invention uses to manufacture three-dimension object
Material is then not limited to constituent material, can also apply in supporting material stacking.
2 > of < variation
In the above-described embodiment, material is plasticized using snail portion 40, but as long as being plasticized to material
And can spray, then the composition of spray unit 100 is not limited to the composition using snail portion 40.For example, can be logical
Preheater melted material is crossed, squeezes out the composition of the material of melting from extrusion nozzle using the rotation of strip spire.
3 > of < variation
In the above-described embodiment, three-dimensional moulding device 10 is by 300 structure of spray unit 100, banker 200 and control unit
At.It, being capable of three-dimensional moulding device only with spray unit 100 as narrow sense for this.
4 > of < variation
The three-dimensional moulding device 10 of above embodiment has a spray unit 100.For this, three-dimensional moulding device 10
Can have multiple spray unit 100.For example, in the composition for having two spray unit 100, it can be from the ejection list of a side
Member 100 sprays the supporting material for being used for bearing three-dimensional object OB, and the structure of three-dimension object OB is sprayed from the spray unit 100 of another party
At material.Furthermore it is possible to spray the melted material of different color or different materials from each spray unit 100.
5 > of < variation
In the above-described embodiment, has hopper 20 in spray unit 100, but hopper 20 can be set in spray unit
100 outside.In addition, in the above-described embodiment, being set as from 20 supplying material of hopper, but as long as can be to snail portion 40
Supplying material, then material feed unit may not be hopper 20.
6 > of < variation
In the above-described embodiment, the air output from the first air supplying part 71 can change according to the diameter of nozzle 61.
That is, air output can be adjusted according to the linear diameter of the melted material sprayed from nozzle 61.For example, being got over by linear diameter
Greatly, increase air output, more so as to be effectively reduced the temperature of melted material.Furthermore it is possible to which the diameter according to nozzle 61 is (molten
Melt the linear diameter of material), adjust the temperature of the air of submitting.For example, the temperature of the air of submitting is lower if linear diameter is bigger,
The temperature of melted material can be then effectively reduced.In addition, it is not limited to air from the gas that blowing unit 70 is sent out, such as
It can be the inert gas of nitrogen etc..The type of gas can be suitably changed according to the type of melted material.
7 > of < variation
In the above-described embodiment, the air output from blowing unit 70 can change according to the movement speed of blowing unit 60
Become.For example, control unit 300 can be faster for the movement speed of blowing unit 60, keep the air output from the first air supplying part 71 smaller,
The movement speed of blowing unit 60 is slower, keeps the air output from the first air supplying part 71 bigger.By carrying out in this way, example
Such as air output is capable of increasing when the movement speed of blowing unit 60 is slack-off in order to which the corner to three-dimension object carries out moulding.Its
As a result, can promptly reduce the temperature of melted material when diagonal section carries out moulding, therefore it can be improved the moulding essence in corner
Degree.
8 > of < variation
In the above-described embodiment, when spraying the melted material directly contacted with banker 200, control unit 300 can be with
Stop the air-supply from blowing unit 70.By carrying out in this way, so as to inhibit melted material from banker 200
Removing.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment or variations, within the scope of its spirit, can be by each
Kind is constituted to realize.For example, embodiment corresponding with the technical characteristic in each mode documented in the column of brief summary of the invention,
Technical characteristic in embodiment, in order to solve the above problems part or all, or in order to reach the one of said effect
Divide or all, can suitably be replaced, combine.As long as in addition, the technical characteristic is not wanted as necessity in the present specification
Element explanation, then be able to carry out and suitably delete.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of three-dimensional moulding device manufactures three-dimension object, which is characterized in that the three-dimensional moulding device has：
Plasticising portion makes thermoplastic material be plasticized and be converted into melted material；
Blowing unit has the nozzle for spraying the melted material；
First air supplying part is blown around the nozzle towards the melted material sprayed from the nozzle；
Banker is stacked the melted material sprayed from the nozzle；
Control unit controls first air supplying part；And
Mobile mechanism changes the relative positional relationship between the blowing unit and the banker.
2. three-dimensional moulding device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
First air supplying part has multiple first blow-off outlets around the nozzle, and first blow-off outlet is towards from described
The material that nozzle sprays is blown,
Moving direction of the control unit according to the blowing unit relative to the banker controls first blow-off outlet respectively
Air output.
3. three-dimensional moulding device according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that
The three-dimensional moulding device is also equipped with：
Second air supplying part is blown on the direction around first air supplying part towards the banker side.
4. three-dimensional moulding device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that
Second air supplying part has multiple second blow-off outlets, the second blow-off outlet direction around first air supplying part
The banker side is blown,
Moving direction of the control unit according to the blowing unit relative to the banker controls second blow-off outlet respectively
Air output.
5. three-dimensional moulding device according to any one of claim 1 to 4, which is characterized in that
The plasticising portion includes snail portion and heating part.
6. a kind of manufacturing method of three-dimension object, which is characterized in that
Thermoplastic material is set to be plasticized and be converted into melted material,
The melted material is sprayed from the nozzle for being set to blowing unit,
It blows around the nozzle towards the melted material sprayed from the nozzle,
Change the relative positional relationship between the blowing unit and banker on one side, is laminated on one side in the banker from the spray
The melted material that mouth sprays.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017095394A JP6926655B2 (en) | 2017-05-12 | 2017-05-12 | 3D modeling equipment and 3D object manufacturing method |
| JP2017-095394 | 2017-05-12 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108859101A true CN108859101A (en) | 2018-11-23 |
Family
ID=62067436
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810212363.XA Pending CN108859101A (en) | 2017-05-12 | 2018-03-14 | The manufacturing method of three-dimensional moulding device and three-dimension object |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10875242B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3401081B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP6926655B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN108859101A (en) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3401081A1 (en) | 2018-11-14 |
| JP2018192624A (en) | 2018-12-06 |
| US20180326658A1 (en) | 2018-11-15 |
| JP6926655B2 (en) | 2021-08-25 |
| EP3401081B1 (en) | 2020-10-07 |
| US10875242B2 (en) | 2020-12-29 |
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Application publication date: 20181123 |