CN108857966B

CN108857966B - Bent lever clamping device for use in a body structure of the motor vehicle industry

Info

Publication number: CN108857966B
Application number: CN201710945781.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: J-G·图恩克斯
Original assignee: Olaf und Andre Tunkers GbR Vertretungsberechtigter Gesellschafter Dipl Ing Olaf Tunkers 40885 Ratingen
Current assignee: Olaf und Andre Tunkers GbR Vertretungsberechtigter Gesellschafter Dipl Ing Olaf Tunkers 40885 Ratingen
Priority date: 2017-05-15
Filing date: 2017-10-12
Publication date: 2021-04-30
Anticipated expiration: 2037-10-12
Also published as: DE102018002359A1; WO2018210398A1; DE102018002359B4; DE102018002358B4; CN108857966A; DE102018002358A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a bending lever clamping device for use in a body structure of the motor vehicle industry. After the deflecting movement of the clamping arm, it is shown how, when the position is reached, at which the clamping arm reaches with an opposite stroke movement parallel to the drive shaft, the clamping arm, starting from this position, achieves a force stroke over a region of a few millimeters, with approximately the same clamping force, and is placed on the component while maintaining its stroke movement parallel to the drive shaft.

Description

Bent lever clamping device for use in a body structure of the motor vehicle industry

Technical Field

The invention relates to a bending lever clamping device for use in a body structure of the motor vehicle industry for clamping and fixing a component, comprising a housing, a drive device assigned to the housing, which drives a clamping arm, which can be moved in a pivoting manner, for clamping the component on a component bearing by means of an adjusting mechanism and via a bending lever joint in opposite directions.

Background

The bending lever clamping device is used in automation for the rational clamping of components, mainly in the body structure of the motor vehicle industry. The function of the bent lever clamping device is based on the bent lever principle, in which a large force is generated. The maximum force is generated from an angle of about 10 degrees to an angle of 0 degrees before the dead center in the final position of the articulation of the bending lever.

The clamping force is achieved by a clamping arm (single-arm lever) which executes a deflection movement of, for example, 135 degrees and the full clamping force is only achieved in the final position, i.e. the clamping position.

If the component to be clamped is thick or thin in terms of its thickness, sufficient clamping force is no longer given and the clamping surface of the clamping arm is no longer parallel to the component.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the invention is to provide a curved lever clamping device in which the clamping arms are driven in parallel in the force stroke range.

Solution scheme

This task is solved by each of the present invention.

The invention proposes a bent lever clamping device for use in a body structure of the motor vehicle industry, for clamping and fixing a component, comprising a housing, a drive device assigned to the housing, the drive drives the deflectable clamping arms for clamping the component on the component bearing in opposite directions in the adjusting mechanism and by means of the bending lever joint, wherein the curved lever articulation element in the housing forms a double-sided rocker in a force-locking manner with the rotary bearing of the housing, and by means of the rocker, the clamping arm, after the pivoting movement into the clamping position, forms an angle of 90 degrees with respect to the axis of the respective drive direction and, starting from this position, the clamping arm is further moved with a force travel of a few millimeters with a substantially identical clamping force and is mounted with this clamping force on the component concerned.

The invention proposes a curved lever clamping device for use in a body structure of the motor vehicle industry for clamping and fixing components, comprising a housing, a drive device assigned to the housing, which drives a clamping arm, which can be moved in a pivoting manner, for clamping the component to a component support in opposite directions by means of an adjusting mechanism and by means of a curved lever joint, wherein a curved lever joint element located in the housing forms a double-sided rocker in a force-locking manner with a pivot support of the housing, and by means of the rocker the clamping arm generates a clamping force, which remains approximately the same, in a force stroke parallel to the opposite stroke movement of the adjusting mechanism in the region of a few millimeters before the clamping end and is applied to the relevant component using said clamping force.

A further inventive solution is described here, namely a curved lever clamping device for use in a body structure of the motor vehicle industry for clamping and fixing a component, comprising a housing designed as a clamping head, a pneumatically or electrically drivable drive device assigned to the clamping head, which drives a clamping arm via a rod-shaped adjusting mechanism drivable in opposite directions via a transmission in a manner pivotable about a transmission, wherein the clamping arm, in the region a few millimeters before the clamping end, forms a substantially constant clamping force in parallel force strokes for opposite stroke movements of the adjusting mechanism and is thereby mounted clamped on the component.

The invention proposes a curved lever clamping device for use in a body structure of the motor vehicle industry for clamping and fixing components, comprising a clamping head, a pneumatically or electrically drivable drive which is assigned to the clamping head and which drives a rod-shaped actuating mechanism in opposite directions of travel, comprising a curved lever joint which is coupled to the rod-shaped actuating mechanism via a pivot axis, wherein the rod-shaped actuating mechanism is guided in a linear manner in a guide groove by means of a roller in the region of its end region, the roller being guided in the region of the stroke end position on the guide groove or on a formed hardened steel plate of the curved or arcuate wall of the guide groove connected thereto, wherein the rotation of the curved lever joint element of the curved lever joint and the bearing of the clamping head which is fixed to the housing in order to form a bilateral, lever arm-type, rotation While the force-fitting co-operation and for example the shorter lever arm co-operates with a web arrangement connected to the bending lever articulation element via a deflection axis, the adapter plate arrangement is associated with a housing shaft associated with the clamping head, on which housing shaft the clamping arm is mounted so as to be pivotable, wherein the housing shaft is optionally indirectly reciprocable in a defined extent in opposite directions in guides arranged parallel to the stroke direction of the drive shaft or of a rod-shaped adjusting mechanism, wherein the bent lever articulation connected to the housing shaft is adjustable in the course of the stroke adjustment of the housing shaft by means of guide surfaces in parallel with an opposite stroke movement of the drive shaft or of a rod-shaped adjusting mechanism, in the course of the stroke adjustment of the housing shaft, the clamping arm is mounted clamped to the component with a substantially constant clamping force a few millimeters in front of the clamping end in a parallel clamping movement relative to the stroke movement of the drive shaft or the adjustment mechanism.

Some advantages

All four solutions of the unified task allow a substantially constant clamping force over the force stroke in the clamping area also in components of different thicknesses, which can be predetermined, for example between +/-1 to 12mm, preferably +/-2 to 8mm, in particular +/-4 mm. The clamping arm is first deflected and moved from abutting against a curved lever clamping element formed as a rocker in the opposite direction into positions running parallel to the drive shaft. In this position, the force path begins with a further adjustment of the clamping arm parallel to the drive shaft, in particular parallel to the longitudinal axis of a rod-shaped adjusting mechanism, which drives the bent lever articulation and thereby the clamping lever. The force path can be several millimeters, wherein the clamping arm moves with approximately the same clamping force over the force path and is attached to the component to be clamped with approximately the same clamping force.

The force of the drive, usually a piston-cylinder unit or an electric motor, which is alternately acted on both sides by compressed air, is transmitted via a usually rod-shaped adjusting mechanism, for example a piston rod, to a rocker in the form of a two-sided lever arm, which is formed by a bending lever joint element. The adjusting force of the piston or of the electric motor is transmitted in accordance with the lever ratio on the rocker and the pivotably movable clamping arm is displaced in the opposite direction of the piston rod. Each movement of the clamping arm takes place parallel to a rod-shaped adjusting mechanism, for example a piston rod of a piston-cylinder unit, or parallel to a drive shaft.

Previously, the clamping arms were pivoted out of their open position into a position in which they form an angle of 90 degrees with the longitudinal axis of the drive shaft, for example a rod-shaped adjusting mechanism. Starting from this position, the clamping arm executes a force stroke with a clamping force that remains approximately the same and is also applied to the component to be clamped with this clamping force. The force stroke of the clamp arm may be, for example, a few millimeters, e.g., +/-4 millimeters or more.

Other designs of the invention

Other designs of the present invention are described herein.

According to the invention, the housing shaft of the clamping arm is adjustably arranged against the restoring force of, for example, two prestressed compression spring elements. The pressure spring element returns the housing shaft into the starting position again after the end of the clamping stroke and the opposite movement of the drive for the rod-shaped adjusting mechanism. The pressure spring element can be arranged in a space-saving manner below the housing shaft and is therefore also located in the housing designed as a clamping head.

In this case, a preferred embodiment is described in which the housing shaft of the clamping arm is supported in at least two sliding bushes which are arranged on opposite sides in the recess of the clamping head so as to be guided in a low-friction manner in a reciprocatingly movable manner by means of parallel, linear guide surfaces or rolling bearings arranged therein.

The bent lever clamping device is further characterized in that the rotary bearing of the clamping head is designed as a ball with a rolling motion, as a roller, as a projection of the housing or as a hardened steel lining, against which the bent lever joint element of the bent lever joint is supported for forming a double-sided rocker.

Furthermore, a curved lever clamping device is specified, in which the rotary bearing fixed to the housing, against which the curved lever articulation element is supported during the stroke adjustment of the housing shaft of the clamping arm, is designed as a roller provided in the cage, as a ball or as a projection made of hardened steel, for example.

It is particularly advantageous if the guide groove is curved or arched or bent over a radius in the region of the end position of the stroke and in this region, for example, an element is provided which is designed as a hardened steel plate.

Drawings

In the drawings, the invention is described partly schematically in terms of an embodiment of a curved lever clamping arrangement for use in a body structure in the automotive industry. Wherein:

fig. 1 shows an axial longitudinal section through a curved lever clamping device comprising a clamping arm which is deflected in the open position;

fig. 2 shows an axial longitudinal section of the bent lever clamping device visible in fig. 1 for starting a clamping stroke of the clamping arm relative to a bearing, which is designed as a component bearing, for the arrangement of a component, not shown;

fig. 3 shows the bent lever clamping device visible from fig. 1 and 2 in the clamping position without the component to be clamped; and

figure 4 shows a partial cross-section of the clamping head according to line a-B of figure 3.

Detailed Description

Reference numeral 1 denotes a housing designed as a clamping head, which in the embodiment shown comprises two housing parts stacked in a multi-layered manner, which are connected to one another by means of screws (not shown) and which are stacked in a sealing manner and enclose a device part provided in an interior space 2 and described further below against contamination.

The drive 3 is detachably assigned to the housing 1, which is not visible from the drawing. For this purpose, the drive 3 can be functionally connected to the clamping head in one piece, but releasably, by screwing. However, it is also possible to form the housing 1 of the drive 3 integrally from the housing 1.

In the embodiment shown, the drive device 3 is designed as a piston-cylinder unit and therefore has a cylinder interior 4 and a piston 6 which is pressure-medium-tightly sealed therein by a sealing element 5 and is guided linearly and longitudinally displaceable in the direction X or Y and which is alternately acted upon on both sides by pressure medium pressure, in this case by compressed air, via a channel 7 or via a channel 8, as a result of which the piston 6 is driven in the direction X or Y.

A rod-shaped adjusting mechanism 9, which is designed as a piston rod, is functionally connected to the piston 6 in one piece, but in a releasable manner. The longitudinal axis of the adjusting mechanism 9 forms in this case the drive shaft, and the corresponding component or just the piston rod is formed in the electric motor. The adjusting mechanism 9 is guided in a pressure-tight manner through the separating wall 10 by means of a sealing element 11 and protrudes with its end into the interior 2 of the clamping head in each stroke position. A fork 12, which has a pivot axis 13 at its end and to which a bending lever joint 14 is drivingly connected, is functionally or integrally connected in material terms to the end section of the rod-shaped adjusting mechanism 9 located in the interior space 2. In the figures, the bending lever linkage 14 is illustrated by two plate-shaped bending

lever linkage elements

15 and 16, wherein the first bending lever linkage element 15 and the second bending lever linkage element 16 are connected to one another in a pivotable manner by a pivot axis 17.

The second curved lever joint element 16 is connected to a housing shaft 18, which is mounted in two sliding bushings 19, which are delimited on diametrically opposite sides by

straight surfaces

20 and 21, which extend parallel to one another and are designed as guide surfaces, with which the sliding bushings 19 and thereby the housing shaft 18 are guided parallel to the adjusting mechanism 9 in a defined extent in a reciprocating manner in opposite directions against the restoring forces of two prestressed compression spring elements 22 in a respective slot-like recess 23 of the clamping head, likewise in the direction X or Y. The pretensioning force of the pressure spring element 22 is in each case steplessly adjustable by means of a not shown support, for example a tap. The pressure spring element 22 brings the sliding bush 19 and thus the housing shaft 18 back into their starting position shown in fig. 1 again.

Designated by 24 is a clamping arm which is movable in a pivoting manner in the opposite direction in the direction C-D by a pivot angle of, for example, 135 degrees and interacts with a component support 25 embodied as a jaw on which the component to be clamped, in particular a body structure from the motor vehicle industry, is to be clamped until it is permanently connected to one another by reprocessing, for example by gluing or snapping or spot welding or the like.

The guide groove in the opposite clamping head arm, which extends in a straight line in the travel direction X or Y, is designated by the reference numeral 26. When the clamping head comprises two half-parts stacked in a multi-layer manner, said two half-parts are then provided with guide grooves 26 which extend parallel to one another diametrically opposite one another and in which the fork 12 is positively guided in a smooth operation by means of rollers 27 supported on the deflecting axle 13.

In the embodiment shown (fig. 1 and 2), it can be seen that the guide groove 26 has a curved profile 28 at its upper end (viewed in the plane of the drawing) deviating from a straight line, which profile is designed in such a way that the roller 27 always remains in contact with the associated wall of the guide groove 26, so that the first bending lever pivot element 15 can be supported in the guide groove 26 by the roller 27 via the pivot axis 13. In the embodiment shown, the profile 28 is designed to extend over a radius, but may also have another curved shape.

As can be seen, a rotary bearing 29 is provided in the interior space 2 and more precisely on the upper inner wall of the clamping head (seen in the drawing plane), the rotary bearing as a steel ball or as a knife bearing or as a roller bearing or as a shoulder-shaped shoulder, which is fastened to the housing, can be formed integrally in one piece with the wall of the clamping head or with the roller or the hardened steel ball or the hardened steel lining, which is mounted in the holder, to which the first bending lever joint element 15 is applied with its back side as can be seen from fig. 2 in a force-fitting manner, in the region of the upper end of travel of the adjusting mechanism 9, the first bending lever articulation element 15 thus forms a double-sided lever in this position, the lever arms of which are not of equal length, wherein a shorter lever arm is assigned to the yaw axis 17 and a longer lever arm is assigned to the yaw axis 13. The first bending lever pivot element 15 thus forms a rocker and the pivot bearing forms a rocker bearing (wipperriderlager). Depending on the choice of the lever length, the transmission ratio can be changed, at which the piston 6 transmits its force via the adjusting mechanism 9 via the bending lever joint 14 to the housing shaft 18.

As can be seen, in this position, in which the first bending lever hinge element 15 comes into abutment with the rotary bearing 29, the second bending lever hinge element 16 rests against a further roller bearing 30 which is fixed to the housing.

When the rod-shaped adjusting mechanism 9 is moved further from the position according to fig. 2 into the position according to fig. 3, for example, the second bending lever pivot element 16 slides with its back side along the fixed roller bearing 30 and moves the housing shaft 18 together with the sliding bush 19 in the slot-shaped recess 23 linearly in the direction X against the restoring force of the compression spring element 22, as a result of which the clamping arm 24 also moves parallel to the stroke movement X-Y of the adjusting mechanism 9 with almost the same clamping force and is placed with said clamping force on the component. Reference numeral 25 denotes a member support portion. Depending on the choice of the transmission ratio and the size of the bending lever articulation 14, the travel in the direction X parallel to the longitudinal axis of the adjusting mechanism 9 can be several millimeters, for example four millimeters. This travel, indicated by T in figure 2, can be varied according to the size of the lever transmission ratio and the dimensions of the bent lever articulation 14.

To release the clamping arm 24, pressure medium pressure, for example compressed air, is conducted via the channel 8 to the piston 6, as a result of which the rod-shaped adjusting mechanism 9 is displaced in the direction X and as a result the bending lever linkage 14 is displaced back via the deflection shaft 13 and the roller 27, and as a result the clamping arm is deflected in the direction D. The displacement of the sliding bush 19 together with the housing shaft 18 is effected by means of a prestressed compression spring element 22. The pressure spring element 22 can be made of steel or plastic or else be an adjusting piston which is acted upon by pressure medium pressure when required (not shown).

The housing shaft 18 is guided laterally out of the clamping head on both sides and has here

square profiles

31, 32, on which the clamping arms 24 with the U-shaped configuration and the corresponding recesses are detachably and replaceably arranged.

The angle α represents the position of the clamping arm 24 after the swiveling movement into the clamping position, wherein the clamping arm 24 has an angle of 90 degrees with respect to the axis of the respective drive direction X or Y, in the embodiment visible from the figures, and therefore with respect to the longitudinal axis of the rod-shaped adjusting means 9. If an electric motor or other drive means is provided instead of the piston-cylinder unit 3, the angle α represents the position of the clamping arm 24 in the 90-degree position of the clamping arm 24 relative to the drive shaft.

The features described in the invention and visible from the drawings can be important for the realization of the invention both individually and in any combination.

List of reference numerals

1 clamping head, shell

2 inner space

3 drive device

4 cylinder inner space

5 sealing element

6 piston

7 channel

8 channel

9-bar-shaped adjusting mechanism

10 separating wall

11 sealing element

12 fork head

13 deflection axis

14 bending lever hinge device and transmission mechanism

15 bending lever hinge element, rocker

16-bend lever hinge element, rocker

17 deflection axis

18 casing shaft

19 sliding bush

20 guide surface

21 guide surface

22 pressure spring element

23-long hole-shaped gap

24 clamping arm

25-member support part

26 guide groove

27 roller

28 forming part

29 rotation support part

30 roller support part

31 forming part

32 forming part

33 clamping surface

34 clamping surface

X adjusting device

Y adjusting device

AB cutting line

Direction of C deflection

Direction of deflection D

T stroke

Angle alpha between the clamping position of the clamping arm 24 and the drive shaft

Claims

1. Bending lever clamping device for use in a body structure of the motor vehicle industry for clamping and fixing components, comprising a housing (1), a drive (3) which is assigned to the housing (1) and is designed as a piston-cylinder unit or as an electric motor and which drives a clamping arm (24) which can be moved in a pivoting manner for clamping components to a component bearing (25) in two opposite directions by means of an adjusting mechanism (9) and via a bending lever joint (14), characterized in that a first bending lever joint element (15) in the housing (1) forms a double-sided pivot lever in a force-locking manner with a pivot bearing (29) of the housing (1), and by means of which the clamping arm (24) forms an angle of 90 degrees with respect to the axis of the respective drive direction after a pivoting movement into a clamping position and from which the clamping arm (24) is moved by a force of a few millimeters Further operating with a clamping force which remains approximately the same and using said clamping force for placing on the component concerned, wherein a rotary bearing (29) is provided in the interior (2) of the housing (1), wherein the rotary bearing (29) is designed as a ball or a knife bearing or a roller bearing or as a shoulder of the housing (1) which is fixed to the housing, against which the first curved lever joint element (15) rests with its rear side in a force-fitting manner.

2. Bending lever clamping device for use in a body structure of the motor vehicle industry for clamping and fixing components, comprising a housing (1), a drive (3) which is assigned to the housing (1) and is designed as a piston-cylinder unit or as an electric motor and which drives a clamping arm (24) which can be moved in a pivoting manner for clamping components to a component bearing (25) in two opposite directions by means of an adjusting mechanism (9) and via a bending lever joint (14), characterized in that a first bending lever joint element (15) in the housing (1) forms a double-sided pivot lever in a force-locking manner with a pivot bearing (29) of the housing (1), and by means of which the clamping arm (24) forms an angle of 90 degrees with respect to the axis of the respective drive direction after a pivoting movement into a clamping position and from which the clamping arm (24) is moved by a force of a few millimeters Further operating with a clamping force which remains approximately the same and using said clamping force for placing on the relevant component, wherein a rotary bearing (29) is provided in the interior (2) of the housing (1), wherein the rotary bearing (29) is designed as a hardened steel lining, against which the first bending lever hinge element (15) rests with its rear side in a force-fitting manner.

3. The curved lever clamping device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the housing shaft (18) of the clamping arm (24) is adjustably arranged against the restoring force of at least two preloaded pressure spring elements (22).

4. The curved lever clamping device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the housing shaft (18) of the clamping arm (24) is mounted in at least two sliding bushes (19) which are arranged on opposite sides in the recess (23) of the housing (1) so as to be guided in a low-friction manner in a reciprocatingly movable manner by means of parallel linear guide surfaces (20, 21) or rolling bearings arranged therein.

5. The bending lever clamping device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first bending lever joint element (15) and the second bending lever joint element (16) are connected to one another in a pivotable manner by means of a pivot axis (17), wherein a further rotary bearing (30) fixed to the housing is designed as a roller arranged in a cage or as a projection made of hardened steel, against which the second bending lever joint element (16) bears during the stroke adjustment of the housing axis (18) of the clamping arm (24).

6. The bending lever clamping device according to claim 3, wherein the transmission ratio can be varied as a function of the selection of the lever length, the piston (6) transmitting the force via the adjusting mechanism (9) via the bending lever articulation (14) to the housing shaft (18) at said transmission ratio.

7. The bending lever clamping device according to claim 6, wherein the stroke in the direction X parallel to the longitudinal axis of the adjusting mechanism (9) is a few millimeters, depending on the selection of the transmission ratio and the size of the bending lever articulation (14).

8. The bending lever clamping device according to claim 7, wherein the travel in the direction X parallel to the longitudinal axis of the adjusting mechanism (9) is four millimeters.

9. The bending lever clamping device according to claim 6, wherein the force stroke (T) of the clamping arm (24) can be varied according to the size of the bending lever articulation (14) and the size of the lever transmission ratio.

10. The bent lever clamping device according to claim 3, characterized in that the force to be transmitted by the drive (3) and thus the drive itself is variable according to the choice of the lever length and the change of the transmission ratio, the piston (6) transmitting the force via the adjusting mechanism (9) to the housing shaft (18) via the bent lever articulation (14) with said transmission ratio.

11. The bending lever clamping device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first bending lever joint element (15) forms a two-armed lever in the region of the upper end of travel of the adjusting mechanism (9), the lever arms of which are of different lengths, wherein a deflection shaft (17) is associated with the shorter lever arm and a further deflection shaft (13) is associated with the longer lever arm, and thereby a rocker with a rocker bearing is formed, wherein the adjusting force of the piston or of the electric motor of the drive (3) is transmitted as a function of the lever ratio on the rocker, and by means of the rocker the clamping arm (24) forms an angle of 90 ° with the longitudinal axis of the adjusting mechanism (9) after the deflection movement (D) into the clamping position, and the clamping arm (24) has an almost constant clamping force, starting from this position, in the clamping region and also in the case of different thicknesses of the component in the clamping region, The force path can be predetermined, with a movement of approximately the same clamping force and with this approximately the same clamping force, by planar arrangement on the component to be clamped.

12. The bending lever clamping device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first bending lever joint element (15) forms a double-armed lever in the region of the upper end of travel of the adjusting mechanism (9), the lever arms of which are of different lengths, wherein a deflection shaft (17) is associated with the shorter lever arm and a further deflection shaft (13) is associated with the longer lever arm, and thereby a rocker with a knife-shaped bearing mechanism is formed, wherein the adjusting force of the piston or of the electric motor of the drive (3) is transmitted in accordance with the lever ratio on the rocker, and by means of the rocker the clamping arm (24) forms an angle of 90 ° with the longitudinal axis of the adjusting mechanism (9) after the deflection movement (D) into the clamping position, and the clamping arm (24) has an almost constant clamping force, over the force travel, in the clamping region and also in the case of different thicknesses of the component, starting from this position, The force path can be predetermined, with a movement of approximately the same clamping force and with this approximately the same clamping force, by planar arrangement on the component to be clamped.

13. The buckle lever clamp of claim 11 wherein the force stroke is between 1mm and 12 mm.

14. The buckle lever clamp of claim 13 wherein the force stroke is between 2mm and 8 mm.

15. The buckle lever clamp of claim 11 wherein the force stroke is +/-4mm or more.

16. The bending lever clamping device according to claim 11, wherein the drive drives the deflectable clamping arm (24) through 135 ° in two opposite directions for clamping the component on the component bearing (25) by means of the adjusting mechanism (9) and by means of the bending lever articulation (14).

17. The bending lever clamping device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first bending lever joint element (15) and the second bending lever joint element (16) are connected to one another in a pivotable manner by means of a pivot axis (17), wherein a further rotary bearing (30) fixed to the housing is designed as a ball, against which the second bending lever joint element (16) bears during the stroke adjustment of the housing axis (18) of the clamping arm (24).

18. Bending lever clamping device for use in a body structure of the motor vehicle industry for clamping and fixing components, comprising a housing (1), a drive (3) which is assigned to the housing (1) and is designed as a piston-cylinder unit or as an electric motor and which drives a clamping arm (24) which can be moved in a pivoting manner for clamping components on a component bearing (25) in two opposite directions by means of an adjusting mechanism (9) and by means of a bending lever joint (14), characterized in that a first bending lever joint element (15) in the housing (1) forms a double-sided rocker in a force-locking manner with a pivot bearing (29) of the housing (1) and by means of which the clamping arm (24) forms a clamping force which remains substantially the same in a force path parallel to the opposite stroke movement of the adjusting mechanism (9) in a region of a few millimeters before the clamping end and uses the clamping force to hold The clamping force is applied to the component concerned, wherein a rotary bearing (29) is provided in the interior (2) of the housing (1), wherein the rotary bearing (29) is designed as a ball or as a knife bearing or as a roller bearing or as a shoulder of the housing (1) that is fixed to the housing, against which the first bending lever pivot element (15) rests with its rear side in a force-fitting manner.

19. Bending lever clamping device for use in a body structure of the motor vehicle industry for clamping and fixing components, comprising a housing (1), a drive (3) which is assigned to the housing (1) and is designed as a piston-cylinder unit or as an electric motor and which drives a clamping arm (24) which can be moved in a pivoting manner for clamping components on a component bearing (25) in two opposite directions by means of an adjusting mechanism (9) and by means of a bending lever joint (14), characterized in that a first bending lever joint element (15) in the housing (1) forms a double-sided rocker in a force-locking manner with a pivot bearing (29) of the housing (1) and by means of which the clamping arm (24) forms a clamping force which remains substantially the same in a force path parallel to the opposite stroke movement of the adjusting mechanism (9) in a region of a few millimeters before the clamping end and uses the clamping force to hold The clamping force is applied to the component concerned, wherein a rotary bearing (29) is provided in the interior (2) of the housing (1), wherein the rotary bearing (29) is designed as a hardened steel lining, against which the first bending lever hinge element (15) rests with its rear side in a force-fitting manner.

20. The curved lever clamping device as claimed in claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the housing shaft (18) of the clamping arm (24) is adjustably arranged against the restoring force of at least two preloaded pressure spring elements (22).

21. The curved lever clamping device as claimed in claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the housing shaft (18) of the clamping arm (24) is mounted in at least two sliding bushes (19) which are arranged on opposite sides in the recess (23) of the housing (1) so as to be guided in a low-friction manner in a reciprocatingly movable manner by means of parallel linear guide surfaces (20, 21) or rolling bearings arranged therein.

22. The bending lever clamping device according to claim 18 or 19, wherein the first bending lever joint element (15) and the second bending lever joint element (16) are connected to one another in a pivotable manner by means of a pivot axis (17), wherein a further rotary bearing (30) fixed to the housing is designed as a roller arranged in a cage or as a projection made of hardened steel, against which the second bending lever joint element (16) bears during the stroke adjustment of the housing axis (18) of the clamping arm (24).

23. The bending lever clamping device according to claim 20, wherein a transmission ratio can be varied as a function of the selection of the lever length, the piston (6) transmitting a force via the adjusting mechanism (9) via the bending lever articulation (14) to the housing shaft (18) at said transmission ratio.

24. The bending lever clamping device according to claim 23, wherein the stroke in the direction X parallel to the longitudinal axis of the adjusting mechanism (9) is a few millimeters, depending on the selection of the transmission ratio and the size of the bending lever articulation (14).

25. The bending lever clamping device according to claim 24, wherein the travel in the direction X parallel to the longitudinal axis of the adjusting mechanism (9) is four millimeters.

26. The bending lever clamping device according to claim 23, wherein the force stroke (T) of the clamping arm (24) can be varied in accordance with the dimensions of the bending lever articulation (14) and the size of the lever transmission ratio.

27. The bent lever clamping device according to claim 23, characterized in that the force to be transmitted by the drive (3) and thus the drive (3) itself is variable according to the choice of lever length and the change of transmission ratio, the piston (6) transmitting the force via the adjusting mechanism (9) to the housing shaft (18) via the bent lever articulation (14) with said transmission ratio.

28. The bending lever clamping device according to claim 18 or 19, wherein the first bending lever joint element (15) and the second bending lever joint element (16) are connected to one another in a pivotably movable manner by means of a pivot axis (17), wherein a further rotary bearing (30) fixed to the housing is designed as a ball, against which the second bending lever joint element (16) bears during the stroke adjustment of the housing axis (18) of the clamping arm (24).

29. A curved lever clamping device for use in a body structure of the motor vehicle industry for clamping and fixing components, comprising a housing (1) designed as a clamping head, a pneumatically or electrically drivable drive device (3) designed as a piston-cylinder unit or as an electric motor, which is assigned to the clamping head and which drives a clamping arm (24) via a transmission in a manner that can be deflected by means of a rod-shaped adjusting mechanism (9) which can be driven in two opposite directions, the clamping arm (24) forming, in the region a few millimeters before the clamping end, a clamping force which remains approximately the same in a parallel force path to the opposite path movement of the adjusting mechanism (9) and thereby being mounted clamped on the component, wherein a rotary bearing (29) is arranged in an interior (2) of the housing (1), the rotary bearing (29) is designed as a shoulder-shaped shoulder of a steel ball or a knife-shaped bearing or a roller bearing or a housing (1) that is fixed to the housing, against which the first bending lever joint element (15) rests with its back side in a force-fitting manner for forming a double-sided rocker.

30. A curved lever clamping device for use in a body structure of the motor vehicle industry for clamping and fixing a component, comprising a housing (1) designed as a clamping head, a pneumatically or electrically drivable drive device (3) designed as a piston-cylinder unit or as an electric motor, which is assigned to the clamping head and which drives a clamping arm (24) via a transmission in a manner that can be deflected by means of a rod-shaped adjusting mechanism (9) which can be driven in two opposite directions, the clamping arm (24) forming a clamping force which remains substantially the same in a force path parallel to the opposite path movement of the adjusting mechanism (9) in the region a few millimeters before the clamping is ended and thereby being mounted clamped on the component, wherein a rotary bearing (29) is arranged in an interior (2) of the housing (1), the rotary bearing (29) is formed as a hardened steel lining, against which the first bending lever joint element (15) rests with its back side in a force-fitting manner for forming a double-sided rocker.

31. The curved lever clamping device as claimed in claim 29 or 30, characterized in that the housing shaft (18) of the clamping arm (24) is adjustably arranged against the restoring force of the at least two prestressed pressure spring elements (22).

32. The curved lever clamping device as claimed in claim 29 or 30, characterized in that the housing shaft (18) of the clamping arm (24) is mounted in at least two sliding bushes (19) which are arranged on opposite sides in the recess (23) of the clamping head so as to be guided in a low-friction manner in a reciprocatingly movable manner by means of parallel, linear guide surfaces (20, 21) or rolling bearings arranged therein.

33. The bending lever clamping device according to claim 29 or 30, wherein the first bending lever joint element (15) and the second bending lever joint element (16) are connected to one another in a pivotable manner by means of a pivot axis (17), wherein a further rotary bearing (30) fixed to the housing is designed as a roller arranged in a cage or as a projection made of hardened steel, against which the second bending lever joint element (16) bears during the stroke adjustment of the housing axis (18) of the clamping arm (24).

34. The bent lever clamping device according to claim 29 or 30, characterized in that the transmission ratio, at which the piston (6) transmits force to the housing shaft (18) via the bent lever articulation (14) via the adjusting mechanism (9), can be varied as a function of the selection of the lever length.

35. The bending lever clamping device according to claim 34, wherein the stroke in the direction X parallel to the longitudinal axis of the adjusting mechanism (9) is a few millimeters, depending on the selection of the transmission ratio and the dimensioning of the bending lever articulation (14).

36. The bending lever clamping device according to claim 35, wherein the travel in the direction X parallel to the longitudinal axis of the adjusting mechanism (9) is four millimeters.

37. The bent lever clamping device according to claim 34, characterized in that the force stroke (T) of the clamping arm (24) can be varied according to the size of the bent lever articulation (14) and the size of the lever transmission ratio.

38. The bent lever clamping device according to claim 34, characterized in that the force to be transmitted by the drive (3) and thus the drive (3) itself is variable according to the choice of lever length and the change of transmission ratio, the piston (6) transmitting the force via the adjusting mechanism (9) to the housing shaft (18) via the bent lever articulation (14) with said transmission ratio.

39. The bending lever clamping device according to claim 29 or 30, wherein the first bending lever joint element (15) and the second bending lever joint element (16) are connected to one another in a pivotably movable manner by means of a pivot axis (17), wherein a further rotary bearing (30) fixed to the housing is designed as a ball, against which the second bending lever joint element (16) bears during the stroke adjustment of the housing axis (18) of the clamping arm (24).

40. A bent lever clamping device for use in a body structure of the motor vehicle industry for clamping and fixing components, comprising a clamping head, a pneumatically or electrically drivable drive (3) assigned to the clamping head, which drives a rod-shaped adjusting mechanism (9) in two opposite directions of travel, comprising a bent lever linkage (14) which is coupled to the rod-shaped adjusting mechanism (9) via a pivot axis (13), wherein the rod-shaped adjusting mechanism (9) is guided in a linear manner in a guide groove (26) at its end region by means of a roller (27), wherein the roller (27) is guided in the region of the end position of travel on the guide groove (26) or on a shaped hardened steel plate of a curved or arcuately curved wall of the guide groove (26) which is connected thereto, wherein a first bending lever joint element (15) of the bending lever joint (14) interacts with a rotary bearing (29) of the clamping head fixed to the housing in a force-locking manner to form a double-sided lever arm according to a rocker pattern and the shorter lever arm interacts with a web arrangement connected to a second bending lever joint element (16) by means of a pivot axis (17), which is assigned to a housing shaft (18) associated with the clamping head (1) and on which a clamping arm (24) is mounted in a pivotable manner, wherein the housing shaft (18) is movable in two opposite directions to a defined extent in a guide arranged parallel to the travel direction of a drive shaft or rod-shaped adjusting mechanism (9), wherein the bending lever joint (14) connected to the housing shaft (18) is movable in a travel adjustment of the housing shaft (18) by means of a guide surface (20, 21) The stroke movement of the actuating mechanism (9) which can be parallel to the drive shaft or is rod-shaped is adjusted in such a way that, during the stroke adjustment of the housing shaft (18), the clamping arm (24) is placed clamped with a substantially constant clamping force on the component in a clamping movement parallel to the stroke movement of the drive shaft or actuating mechanism (9) a few millimeters before the end of the clamping.

41. The curved lever clamping device as claimed in claim 40, characterized in that the housing shaft (18) of the clamping arm (24) is adjustably arranged against the restoring force of at least two preloaded pressure spring elements (22).

42. The toggle lever clamping device according to claim 40, characterised in that the housing shaft (18) of the clamping arm (24) is mounted in at least two sliding bushes (19) which are arranged on opposite sides in the recess (23) of the clamping head so as to be guided in a low-friction manner in a reciprocatingly movable manner by means of parallel linear guide surfaces (20, 21) or rolling bearings arranged therein.

43. The bending lever clamping device according to claim 40, wherein the first bending lever joint element (15) and the second bending lever joint element (16) are connected to one another in a pivotably movable manner by means of a pivot axis (17), wherein a further rotary bearing (30) fixed to the housing is designed as a roller provided in a cage or as a projection made of hardened steel, against which the second bending lever joint element (16) bears during the stroke adjustment of the housing axis (18) of the clamping arm (24).

44. The toggle lever clamp according to claim 40, characterised in that the guide groove (26) is curved or arched or curved with a radius in the region of the end of travel position and in that an element constructed as a hardened steel plate is arranged in this region.

45. The bending lever clamping device according to claim 40, wherein a transmission ratio can be varied as a function of the selection of the lever length, the piston (6) transmitting a force via the adjusting mechanism (9) via the bending lever articulation (14) to the housing shaft (18) at said transmission ratio.

46. The bending lever clamping device according to claim 45, wherein the stroke in the direction X parallel to the longitudinal axis of the adjusting mechanism (9) is a few millimeters, depending on the selection of the transmission ratio and the dimensioning of the bending lever articulation (14).

47. The bending lever clamping device according to claim 45, wherein the travel in the direction X parallel to the longitudinal axis of the adjusting mechanism (9) is four millimeters.

48. The bent lever clamping device according to claim 46, characterized in that the force stroke (T) of the clamping arm (24) can be varied according to the dimensions of the bent lever articulation (14) and the size of the lever transmission ratio.

49. The bent lever clamping device according to claim 45, characterized in that the force to be transmitted by the drive (3) and thus the drive itself is variable according to the choice of lever length and the change of transmission ratio, the piston (6) transmitting the force via the adjusting mechanism (9) to the housing shaft (18) via the bent lever articulation (14) with said transmission ratio.

50. The toggle clamp according to claim 40, characterised in that the housing shaft (18) is traversable in two opposite directions to a limited extent indirectly in guides arranged parallel to the direction of travel of the drive shaft or of the rod-shaped adjusting mechanism (9).

51. The bending lever clamping device according to claim 40, wherein the first bending lever joint element (15) and the second bending lever joint element (16) are connected to one another in a pivotably movable manner by means of a pivot axis (17), wherein a further rotary bearing (30) fixed to the housing is designed as a ball, and wherein the second bending lever joint element (16) bears against said further rotary bearing during the stroke adjustment of the housing axis (18) of the clamping arm (24).