CN108857312A - A kind of bogie bearing spring disassembly technique - Google Patents
A kind of bogie bearing spring disassembly technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN108857312A CN108857312A CN201810797379.1A CN201810797379A CN108857312A CN 108857312 A CN108857312 A CN 108857312A CN 201810797379 A CN201810797379 A CN 201810797379A CN 108857312 A CN108857312 A CN 108857312A
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- guide rail
- bearing spring
- spring
- bogie
- axis guide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of bogie bearing spring disassembly techniques, belong to bogie bearing spring dismantling technology field, for solving in existing bogie disassembly process by way of artificial lift bearing spring, bring large labor intensity and there are security risk and ineffective problems during moving.The present invention includes the following steps：S1 navigates to one end of bogie；Tapered wedges are removed in the work of S2 jacking apparatus；S3 mechanical arm drives collet movement；S4 positioning device positions bearing spring；Correlation fibre optical sensor positions the outer spring of bearing spring；S5 collet takes out bearing spring；Three row's bearing springs are successively taken out, the bearing spring of taking-up is placed on transfer frame, the outer spring of bearing spring is separated with interior spring；The rotation of S6 bogie, navigates to the other end of bogie；S7 repeats the operation of above-mentioned S1-S5, takes out tapered wedges and bearing spring；S8 repeats the operation of S1-S7 to next bogie.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to bogie dismantling technology fields, dismantle work more particularly to a kind of bogie bearing spring
Skill.
Background technique
Bogie is one of component mostly important in rail vehicle structure, and the various parameters of bogie also directly determine
The stability of vehicle and the riding comfort of vehicle.It in bogie maintenance process, needs to split structure, wherein carrying
Spring is mainly removed by way of artificial lift, the bearing spring at bogie both ends be divided into it is outer, in, interior three row, for model
Different bogie, quantity and model of bearing spring etc. have differences, and the pitch of bearing spring is also different, and one
Bearing spring includes interior bearing spring and outer bearing spring, and mutually indepedent between interior bearing spring and outer bearing spring,
When moving bearing spring, needing to increase additional power makes interior bearing spring keep relatively fixed with outer bearing spring, increases worker
Labour.
And tapered wedges are also placed between bearing spring and bolster, the effect of tapered wedges is to provide bolster and bogie
The anti-diamonding ability of side frame side frame, it is ensured that bogie normotopia, and then meet the requirement of straight line operation stability and curve
Passage capacity.The placement location of tapered wedges is located in outside bearing spring upper end, and one end is placed with two inclined wedges in left and right
Block is placed altogether at both ends there are four tapered wedges.
Bearing spring is taken out after first needing first manually to move out tapered wedges before, then bearing spring is taken out, tiltedly
The lower end of voussoir is provided with a convex block, which is positioned for bearing spring, prevents tapered wedges from bearing spring
It will not be there is a situation where sliding when end, tapered wedges schematic cross-section is a direct triangle, when being placed on bearing spring, tiltedly
One right-angle side of voussoir is located at bearing spring face, and a right-angle side is located at the side wall close to bogie, and two right-angle surfaces
Between be connected with incline reinforcement, the inclined-plane of two tapered wedges prevents in opposite directions, when taking out tapered wedges, in bolster and bogie
There is one to be enough the gap that tapered wedges are laterally gone out between side wall, tapered wedges are moved up into certain distance first, then will
It takes out in gap of the tapered wedges between bolster and bogie；The quality of one bearing spring is only removed by worker in 14kg or so
Dynamic mode picks and places bearing spring, and the working strength for keeping worker daily is very big, and there are hands during moving by worker
The case where sliding, de- power, bearing spring is easy to bring security risk under pounding, and moves tapered wedges by way of manpower and hold
Carrying spring causes working efficiency low.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to：In order to solve in existing bogie disassembly process through artificial lift bearing spring
Mode, bring large labor intensity and during moving there are security risk and ineffective problem, the present invention
A kind of bogie bearing spring disassembly technique is provided.
The present invention specifically uses following technical scheme to achieve the goals above：
Bogie bearing spring disassembly technique of the invention, includes the following steps：
S1 navigates to one end of bogie；
Tapered wedges are removed in the work of S2 jacking apparatus；Jacking apparatus includes jacking unit and three axle suspension arms, jacking unit setting
There are two, the movement of jacking unit spatially is realized by three axle suspension arms, completes one of jacking unit to the oblique of left side
Then the tapered wedges in left side are removed in the positioning of voussoir, then move another jacking unit and position to the tapered wedges on right side,
Then tapered wedges to the right are removed, are finally resetted；
S3 mechanical arm drives collet movement；It is connected with each other between collet and mechanical arm by flange；
S4 positioning device positions bearing spring；Formula fibre optical sensor is penetrated to position the outer spring of bearing spring；
S5 collet takes out bearing spring；According to sequence from outside to inside, three row's bearing springs are successively taken out, by holding for taking-up
It carries spring to be placed on transfer frame, the outer spring of bearing spring is separated with interior spring；
The rotation of S6 bogie, navigates to the other end of bogie；
S7 repeats the operation of above-mentioned S1-S5, takes out tapered wedges and bearing spring；
S8 repeats the operation of S1-S7 to next bogie.
The present invention is as it is further preferred that three axle suspension arms in S2 step include being provided with the X-axis of ball-screw to lead
Rail, Y-axis guide rail and Z axis guide rail, the three axle suspension arm lower end are provided with bracket, and the X-axis guide rail is horizontally set on pedestal upper end,
The Y-axis guide rail is horizontally set on X-axis guide rail upper end and is mutually perpendicular to X-axis guide rail, and lower end is connected in the middle part of the Y-axis guide rail
First slide, the first slide and X-axis guide rail are connected with each other, and the Y-axis guide rail upper end is connected with Z axis guide rail, the Z vertically
The lower end of axis rail is connected with second slide, and second slide and Y-axis guide rail are connected with each other, the X-axis guide rail, Y-axis guide rail and Z axis
Guide rail is provided with servo motor.
As it is further preferred that the Z axis guide rail is also connected with third slide, the jacking unit is provided with the present invention
Two and symmetrical about Z axis guide rail, two jacking units are connected with each other with third slide；The jacking unit includes laser
Lifting platform and third slide are connected with each other by sensor, connecting plate, lifting platform, lifting pin and small cylinder, the connecting plate, institute
It states lifting platform upper end and is provided with laser sensor, be provided in the middle part of the lifting platform lower end and lift plate, the plate of lifting is opened
Equipped with U-shaped card slot, described lift is provided with lifting pin at left and right sides of plate, and the front end of the lifting pin is located at lifting platform
The front of front end, it is described to lift plate and connect with small cylinder with lifting pin；Also adjusting between connecting plate and lifting platform has adjusting
Cylinder, the lifting platform upper end are additionally provided with reinforcing rib.
The present invention is as it is further preferred that the collet in S3 and S5 step includes supporting element, the front end of the supporting element
It is connected with positioning device used for positioning, the supporting element is internally provided with the tight stressed member of hook for acting on outer spring, described to hook tightly
Space between stressed member and supporting element is additionally provided with effect and the V-type of interior spring pushes against part.
The present invention is as it is further preferred that the tight stressed member of hook includes T-type eave tile, connecting rod and mounting blocks；The T
Type eave tile includes hooking tight block and connecting rod, and the tight block of hook is vertically arranged, and one end of the connecting rod and the tight block of hook are connected with each other,
The other end of the connecting rod is connected with each other with the mounting blocks being fixed inside supporting element.
The present invention is as it is further preferred that it includes being separately positioned on to hook at left and right sides of tight stressed member that the V-type, which pushes against part,
First push against block and second push against block, it is described first abutting block with second abutting block be connected separately be vertically arranged first company
Connect block and the second link block, the upper end of first link block and the second link block is connected with horizontally disposed second guide rail, institute
The second guide rail is stated between the first link block and the second link block, the inner wall of the supporting element is provided with the second guide pad, institute
It states and is connected with the second sliding block between the second guide rail and the second guide pad；First link block rear end is connected with super-thin air cylinder.
The present invention is as it is further preferred that the positioning device in S4 step includes horizontally disposed one group of correlation optical fiber
Sensor, the correlation fibre optical sensor are provided with-group in the vertical direction, and the correlation fibre optical sensor is connected with
Fixing piece, the top and bottom of the fixing piece are respectively connected with twin shaft cylinder, and is respectively connected at left and right sides of the fixing piece
One guide rail, the outer wall of the supporting element are provided with the first guide pad, and is connected between first guide rail and the first guide pad
One sliding block.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
1, the present invention provides a kind of bogie bearing spring disassembly technique, by mechanized operation, by bearing spring upper end
Tapered wedges and bearing spring taken out out of bogie, to overhaul to bogie, avoid passing through the side of artificial lift
Formula is removed, and the labor intensity of worker is effectively reduced, and improves the pick-and-place efficiency of bogie bearing spring, and then improve spring bogie
Removal efficiency.
2, the present invention realizes the bearing spring of bogie and is placed on bearing spring by jacking apparatus and clamp device
The automation of the tapered wedges of upper end is taken out, and is avoided the taking-up manually by way of moving to tapered wedges and bearing spring, is subtracted
The labor intensity of worker is lacked, while by mechanical self-positioning, it is only necessary to which operator, which carries out rough auxiliary operation, can be realized
Accurate positioning to bearing spring improves the removal efficiency of the bearing spring of bogie.
3, the pick-and-place of tapered wedges：1. it is mobile by the space that three axle suspension arms realize jacking unit, in the left and right of Z axis guide rail
Two sides are symmetrical arranged there are two unit is jacked, and the jacking unit in left side picks and places the tapered wedges on right side, the jacking list on right side
Member picks and places the tapered wedges in left side, realizes and is picked and placed by a three axle suspension arms to two tapered wedges；
2. connecting plate and lifting platform are provided directly with adjusting cylinder, realization, which is lifted after plate lifts tapered wedges, to be adjusted
Cylinder moves up certain distance, and the convex block of tapered wedges lower end is made to be detached from bearing spring, is then moved by three axle suspension arms to lateral
It is dynamic, finally tapered wedges are vertically moved, tapered wedges are taken out；
3. lifting and being provided with lifting pin at left and right sides of plate, and lifting pin front end is certain beyond the front end for lifting plate
Distance, lifting pin is first contacted with tapered wedges in the moving process for lifting plate and lifting pin, and two of lifting pin and tapered wedges are directly
Edged surface inclination link block contacts with each other, and tapered wedges is jacked after being detached from bearing spring surface, and the convex block of tapered wedges lower end is located at support
It lifts in the U-shaped card slot that plate opens up, the load-bearing of tapered wedges is realized on lifting plate and lifted to tapered wedges.
4, the pick-and-place of bearing spring：The twin shaft cylinder of fixing piece top and bottom connection drives fixing piece to be moved forward and backward, real
The outer spring gap of bearing spring is accurately positioned in existing correlation fibre optical sensor, and the tight block of the hook of T-type eave tile pushes against part with V-type and is located at
It same level and is mutually perpendicular to, after the completion of positioning, T-type eave tile passes through the bearing spring gap of outer spring, and then collet rotates
90 °, T-type eave tile goes to vertical state by original horizontality, and V-type pushes against part and goes to horizontal dress by original vertical state
It sets, then V-type pushes against part and moves forward under the action of super-thin air cylinder, and V-type pushes against the internal spring of gap realization that part passes through outer spring
Holding, V-type pushes against part and T-type eave tile and cooperates, realize that external spring keeps relatively fixed with interior spring in a manner of static friction,
For the stress of bearing spring on V-type pushes against part and T-type hooks, movable chuck realizes the automation disassembly of bearing spring.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is flow diagram of the invention
Fig. 2 is the position view of tapered wedges and bearing spring；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of jacking apparatus；
Fig. 4 is the stereoscopic schematic diagram that jacking apparatus only represents right side jacking unit；
Fig. 5 is the stereoscopic schematic diagram for jacking unit；
Fig. 6 is the bottom view for jacking unit；
Fig. 7 is the end view of collet；
Fig. 8 is A-A diagrammatic cross-section；
Fig. 9 is that collet looks up stereoscopic schematic diagram；
Figure 10 is the top perspective schematic diagram of collet；
Figure 11 is the collet sectional schematic diagram for taking out positioning device；
Figure 12 is the schematic perspective view that V-type pushes against part；
Figure 13 is the structural schematic diagram for hooking tight stressed member；
Figure 14 is an overall top view in disassembly process；
Figure 15 is schematic diagram when correlation fibre optical sensor center is unobstructed；
Figure 16 is that correlation fibre optical sensor center has schematic diagram when blocking；
Figure 17 is signal schematic representation when correlation fibre optical sensor center is unobstructed；
Figure 18 is signal schematic representation when correlation fibre optical sensor center is unobstructed；
Figure 19 is T-type eave tile position view when correlation fibre optical sensor center is unobstructed；
Figure 20 is T-type eave tile position view when correlation fibre optical sensor center is blocked；
Appended drawing reference：1- collet, 101- supporting element, 1021- correlation fibre optical sensor, 1022- fixing piece, 1023- are bis-
Axis cylinder, the first guide rail of 1024-, the first sliding block of 1025-, the first guide pad of 1026-, 103- hook tight stressed member, and 1031-T type hooks
Head, 10311- hook tight block, 10312- connecting rod, 1032- mounting blocks, 104-V type abutting part, the abutting block of 1041- first, 1042-
Second pushes against block, the first link block of 1043-, the second link block of 1044-, 1045- super-thin air cylinder, the second guide rail of 1046-, 1047-
Second sliding block, the second guide pad of 1048-, 2- mechanical arm, 3- bracket, 4- jack unit, 401- connecting plate, and 402- adjusts cylinder,
403- lifting platform, 404- reinforcing rib, 405- lift plate, 4051-U shape card slot, 406- lifting pin, the small cylinder of 407-, 5- steering
Frame, 6- tapered wedges, 601- convex block, 7- bearing spring, the outer spring of 701-, spring in 702-, 801-X axis rail, 8011- first slide,
802-Y axis rail, 8021- second slide, 803-Z axis rail, 8031- third slide, 9- servo motor, 10- flange.
Specific embodiment
In order to which those skilled in the art better understand the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawing with following embodiment to the present invention
It is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
Bogie bearing spring disassembly technique of the invention, includes the following steps：
S1 navigates to one end of bogie 5；
Tapered wedges 6 are removed in the work of S2 jacking apparatus；
Jacking apparatus includes jacking unit 4 and three axle suspension arms, and there are two the jacking settings of unit 4, is realized by three axle suspension arms
The movement of unit 4 spatially is jacked, the positioning of the tapered wedges 6 in 4 pairs of left sides of one of jacking unit is completed, then removes a left side
The tapered wedges 6 of side, the tapered wedges 6 for then moving another 4 pairs of right side of jacking unit position, and then remove inclined wedge to the right
Block 6, finally resets；
S3 mechanical arm 2 drives collet 1 to move；
It is connected with each other between collet 1 and mechanical arm 2 by flange 10；
S4 positioning device positions bearing spring 7；
Correlation fibre optical sensor 1021 positions the outer spring 701 of bearing spring 7；
S5 collet 1 takes out bearing spring 7；
According to sequence from outside to inside, three row's bearing springs 7 are successively taken out, the bearing spring 7 of taking-up is placed into transfer
On frame, the outer spring 701 of bearing spring 7 is separated with interior spring 702；
S6 bogie 5 rotates, and navigates to the other end of bogie 5；
S7 repeats the operation of above-mentioned S1-S5, takes out tapered wedges 6 and bearing spring 7；
S8 repeats the operation of S1-S7 to next bogie 5.
Embodiment 2
As described in attached drawing 3-4, the present embodiment is to have made following optimization on the basis of embodiment 1：Three axis in S2 step
Cantilever includes the X-axis guide rail (801), Y-axis guide rail (802) and Z axis guide rail (803) for being provided with ball-screw, three axle suspension
Arm lower end is provided with bracket (3), and the X-axis guide rail (801) is horizontally set on bracket (3) upper end, Y-axis guide rail (802) water
Flat to be arranged in X-axis guide rail (801) upper end and be mutually perpendicular to X-axis guide rail, lower end is connected with the in the middle part of the Y-axis guide rail (802)
One slide (8011), the first slide (8011) and X-axis guide rail (801) are connected with each other, and Y-axis guide rail (802) upper end is perpendicular
Direct-connected to be connected to Z axis guide rail (803), the lower end of the Z axis guide rail (803) is connected with second slide (8021), second slide
(8021) it is connected with each other with Y-axis guide rail (802), the X-axis guide rail (801), Y-axis guide rail (802) are equal with Z axis guide rail (803)
It is provided with servo motor (9).
In the embodiment, X-axis guide rail 801 is horizontally set on 3 upper end of bracket, and Y-axis guide rail 802 is arranged in X-axis guide rail 801
End, X-axis guide rail 801 is parallel to each other with the plane where Y-axis guide rail 802, but X-axis guide rail 801 is mutually perpendicular to Y-axis guide rail 802,
The middle part lower end of Y-axis guide rail 802 is connected with each other by first slide 8011 and X-axis guide rail 801, in X-axis guide rail 801, Y-axis guide rail
802 and Z axis guide rail 803 be respectively connected with servo motor 9 and lead screw, Y-axis guide rail 802 can be mobile in 801 upper end of X-axis guide rail；In Y
802 upper end of axis rail is provided with Z axis guide rail 803, and 802 place plane of Y-axis guide rail is mutually perpendicular to 803 place plane of Z axis guide rail,
And Z axis guide rail 803 is realized in Y-axis guide rail 802 by the second sliding interconnection between X-axis guide rail 801 and Z axis guide rail 803
On movement.After the technical solution, the movement of jacking unit 4 spatially is realized by three axle suspension arms.
Embodiment 3
As shown in figures 5-6, the present embodiment is to have made following optimization on the basis of embodiment 2：The Z axis guide rail
(803) be also connected with third slide (8031), the jacking unit (4) setting there are two and about Z axis guide rail (803) symmetrically,
Two jacking units (4) are connected with each other with third slide (8031)；The jacking unit (4) includes laser sensor, connection
Plate (401), lifting platform (403), lifting pin (406) and small cylinder (407), the connecting plate (401) is by lifting platform (403)
It is connected with each other with third slide (8031), lifting platform (403) upper end is provided with laser sensor, the lifting platform
(403) it is provided in the middle part of lower end and lifts plate (405), the plate (405) of lifting offers U-shaped card slot, the plate (405) of lifting
The left and right sides is provided with lifting pin (406), before the front end of the lifting pin (406) is located at the front end of lifting platform (403)
Side, it is described to lift plate (405) and connect with small cylinder (407) with lifting pin (406)；Connecting plate (401) and lifting platform (403)
Between also adjust have adjusting cylinder (402), lifting platform (403) upper end is additionally provided with reinforcing rib (404).
In the embodiment, there are two jack unit 4, and two jacking units 4 for the left and right sides setting of Z axis guide rail 803
It is symmetrical about Z axis guide rail 803, third slide 8031, two jacking units 4 are provided on preceding the latter face of Z axis guide rail 803
It is connected with each other with third slide 8031, lifting while realizing two jacking unit 4.The jacking in the left side of Z axis guide rail 803
The tapered wedges 6 on 4 pairs of right sides of unit pick and place, and the tapered wedges 6 in 4 pairs of left sides of jacking unit on 803 right side of Z axis guide rail take
It puts.By taking the jacking unit 4 on right side as an example, the fetching process of tapered wedges 6 is：It first passes through and manually adjusts jacking unit 4 to tiltedly
Then 6 approximate location of voussoir positions tapered wedges 6, the model Keyemce laser ranging of laser sensor by laser sensor
LK-G150 after positioning, lifts plate 405 and lifting pin 406 forward by the drive of small cylinder 407 of 403 lower end of lifting platform
Mobile, 406 front end of lifting pin exceeds the front end certain distance for lifting plate 405, in the shifting for lifting plate 405 Yu lifting pin 406
Lifting pin 406 is first contacted with tapered wedges 6 during dynamic, and lifting pin 406 and two right-angle surfaces inclination link block of tapered wedges 6 are mutual
Contact jacks tapered wedges 6 after being detached from 7 surface of bearing spring, and the convex block 601 of 6 lower end of tapered wedges, which is located at, lifts what plate 405 opened up
In U-shaped card slot, lifting to tapered wedges 6 is realized in the load-bearing of tapered wedges 6 on lifting plate 405, then by lifting platform 403 with
The adjusting cylinder 402 being arranged between connecting plate 401, realization lift plate 405 and tapered wedges 6 are driven to move up, and tapered wedges 6 are completely de-
From bearing spring 7, then lifting platform 403 is moved to the left to the gap between bolster and bogie 5, and lifting platform 403 retreats,
The tapered wedges 6 in left side are taken out；It is identical as above-mentioned pick-and-place mode to the pick-and-place of the tapered wedges 6 on right side, it is not uniquely both to pass through a left side
What the jacking unit 4 of side was realized, but its process is consistent；In the reinforcing rib 404 of 403 upper end of lifting platform setting, guarantee that jacking is flat
The overall security of platform 403 and connecting plate 401 avoids connecting plate 401 from connecting shakiness with the side of lifting platform 403.
Embodiment 4
As shown in attached drawing 7-14, the present embodiment is on the basis of embodiment 1, to have made following optimization：In S3 and S5 step
Collet (1) include supporting element (101), the front end of the supporting element (101) is connected with positioning device used for positioning, the branch
Support member (101) is internally provided with the tight stressed member of hook (103) for acting on outer spring (701), described to hook tight stressed member (103) and support
Space between part (101) is additionally provided with effect and the V-type of interior spring (702) pushes against part (104).
In the embodiment, the twin shaft cylinder 1023 of 1022 top and bottom of fixing piece connection moves before and after driving fixing piece 1022
It is dynamic, realize that 701 gap of outer spring of bearing spring 7 is accurately positioned in correlation fibre optical sensor 1021, the hook of T-type eave tile 1031 is tight
Block 10311 is located at same level with V-type abutting part 104 and is mutually perpendicular to, and after the completion of positioning, T-type eave tile 1031 passes through outer
7 gap of bearing spring of spring 701, then collet 1 is rotated by 90 °, and T-type eave tile 1031 goes to vertical shape by original horizontality
State, V-type push against part 104 and go to horizontal device by original vertical state, and then V-type pushes against part 104 in super-thin air cylinder 1045
Effect is lower to be moved forward, and V-type pushes against the holding that part 104 realizes internal spring 702 across the gap of outer spring 701, and V-type pushes against part 104
It cooperates with T-type eave tile 1031, realizes that external spring 701 keeps relatively fixed with interior spring 702 in a manner of static friction, carry bullet
For the stress of spring 7 on V-type pushes against part 104 and T-type hooks, movable chuck 1 realizes the automation disassembly of bearing spring 7.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment is to have made following optimization on the basis of embodiment 4：The tight stressed member (103) of hook includes that T-type hooks
Head (1031), connecting rod (10312) and mounting blocks (1032)；The T-type eave tile (1031) includes hooking tight block (10311) and connection
Bar (10312), the tight block (10311) of hook are vertically arranged, one end of the connecting rod (10312) and tight block (10311) phase of hook
It connects, the other end of the connecting rod (10312) mounting blocks (1032) internal with supporting element (101) is fixed at are mutual
Connection.
In the embodiment, the tight block 10311 of the hook of T-type eave tile 1031 is vertically arranged, and V-type pushes against part 104 and is horizontally disposed with, and is hooked tight
Block 10311 pushes against part 104 with V-type and is mutually perpendicular to, and collet 1, which is first rotated by 90 °, makes to hook tight 10311 holding of block level, passes through outer spring 701
Gap, be then rotated by 90 ° again, make to hook tight block 10311 and keep vertical state, hook the tight retrogressing of block 10311 and do not pass through carrying bullet
The gap of spring 7 can be realized the stress for hooking the external spring 701 of tight block 10311.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment is to have made following optimization on the basis of embodiment 4：It includes setting respectively that the V-type, which pushes against part (104),
It sets and pushes against block (1042) in the first abutting block (1041) and second hooked at left and right sides of tight stressed member (103), described first pushes against
Block (1041) pushes against block (1042) with second and is connected separately with the first link block (1043) and the second link block being vertically arranged
(1044), the upper end of first link block (1043) and the second link block (1044) is connected with horizontally disposed second guide rail
(1046), second guide rail (1046) is between the first link block (1043) and the second link block (1044), the support
The inner wall of part (101) is provided with the second guide pad (1048), between second guide rail (1046) and the second guide pad (1048)
It is connected with the second sliding block (1047)；First link block (1043) rear end is connected with super-thin air cylinder (1045).
In the embodiment, the first abutting block 1041 and second pushes against the two sides that block 1042 is located at T-type eave tile 1031, the
It is " V " type that one abutting block 1041, which combines the shape formed with the second abutting block 1042, and V-type pushes against part 104 and hooks tight block
10311 are mutually perpendicular to, and initial V-type pushes against part 104 and is in horizontality, be rotated by 90 ° under drive of the collet 1 in mechanical arm 2 by
When hooking tight block 10311 and extending into outer 701 inside of spring, V-type pushes against part 104 and is located at outside bearing spring 7 at this time, then the rotation of collet 1
Turning 90 °, hooks the tight stress in a vertical state for being able to achieve external spring 701, V-type pushes against part 104 and is in horizontality at this time, and
And V-type pushes against part 104 under the drive of super-thin air cylinder 1045, moves forward, the first abutting part is separately connected with the second abutting part
There are the first link block 1043 and the second link block 1044, is connected in the upper end of the first link block 1043 and the second link block 1044
Second guide rail 1046, the second guide rail 1046 pass through the second guide rail between the first link block 1043 and the second link block 1044
1046 and second guide pad 1048 realize V-type push against part 104 fixed route it is mobile, realize the holding of internal spring 702, hook tight head
To one outside power of outer ring, V-type pushes against part 104 to 702 1 inward forces of interior spring, realizes and examines outer spring 701 and interior spring 702
Stiction keep the globality of outer spring 701 and interior spring 702.The stress of bearing spring 7 pushes against part 104 in V-type and T-type hooks
It on first 1031, is retreated by collet 1, by interior spring 702 and the whole taking-up of outer spring 701.
Embodiment 7
The present embodiment is to have made following optimization on the basis of embodiment 4：Positioning device in S4 step is set including level
The one group of correlation fibre optical sensor (1021) set, correlation fibre optical sensor (1021) are provided in the vertical direction
8-12 group, the correlation fibre optical sensor (1021) are connected with fixing piece (1022), the upper end of the fixing piece (1022) with
Lower end is respectively connected with twin shaft cylinder (1023), is respectively connected with the first guide rail (1024) at left and right sides of the fixing piece (1022),
The outer wall of the supporting element (101) is provided with the first guide pad (1026), first guide rail (1024) and the first guide pad
(1026) the first sliding block (1025) are connected between.
In the embodiment, correlation fibre optical sensor 1021 and fixing piece 1022 are connected with each other, ensure that multiple groups to penetrating
The spacing one of formula fibre optical sensor 1021 is straightforward, and correlation fibre optical sensor 1021 follows fixing piece 1022 to be moved forward and backward,
It realizes to the precise positioning of bearing spring 7, is provided with twin shaft cylinder 1023 in the top and bottom of fixing piece 1022, ensure that
The mobile stationarity of fixing piece 1022, and the first guide pad being mutually matched is additionally provided in the left and right sides of fixing piece 1022
1026 and first guide rail 1024 support is played to fixing piece 1022 while playing the movement routine of limitation fixing piece 1022
Effect reduces the stress of twin shaft cylinder 1023.
Such as attached drawing 15-20, a simple general introduction is made to the localization method in the present embodiment：
(1), receiving end and the correlation of multiple groups correlation fibre optical sensor are respectively set at left and right sides of bearing spring
The transmitting terminal of fibre optical sensor, multiple groups correlation fibre optical sensor are vertically arranged；
(2), correlation fibre optical sensor output on-off model is True or False；
(3), the T-type eave tile center for defining robot clamp is at a distance from one group of correlation fibre optical sensor of the top
Known mounting distance D2；
(4) if, detect the gap of bearing spring, then carry out the calculating of robot offset distance；Define DIt calculatesFor multiple groups without
Distance where the midpoint of the correlation fibre optical sensor blocked to one group of the top correlation fibre optical sensor；
(5) if, detect bearing spring outer rim, then carry out the calculating of robot offset distance；Define HIt calculatesIt is blocked for multiple groups
Correlation fibre optical sensor midpoint to one group of the top correlation fibre optical sensor where distance；
(6), the central point of robot clamp T-type eave tile is moved to the centre of gapping of spring, completes positioning.
Preferably, in the S1 step, the transverse width of receiving end and transmitting terminal is greater than the outer diameter of bearing spring.
Preferably, in the S1 step, it is provided with multiple groups correlation fibre optical sensor, every group of correlation in the vertical direction
The clipping room of fibre optical sensor away from for D1, the correlation fibre optical sensor of the correlation fibre optical sensor and bottom of the top
Spacing W is：
max{DSpring, LGapping of spring< W < min { DSpring+2·LGapping of spring, LGapping of spring+2·DSpring, wherein DSpringIndicate bearing spring
Line footpath.
Preferably, in described (4) step, defining B point is gap position at positioning, and a gap position is point A, B on B point
The next gap position of point is point C, is calculated by robot offset distance, and selection is moved to nearest nip point, specific mobile
Selection by practical calculated DIt calculates, the distance between D2 and two adjacent slits are calculated.
Preferably, T-type eave tile moving distance is：DIt calculates- D2, is moved to gap B, and the specific calculation of robot is：
1) work as DIt calculatesWhen-D2 >=0, it is upward that mechanical arm, which drives the T-type eave tile moving direction of fixture,；
2) work as DIt calculatesWhen-D2 < 0, it is downward that mechanical arm, which drives the T-type eave tile moving direction of fixture,；
Preferably, in the step (5), definition spring outer rim center is point E, and the gap position above point E is point
Gap position below F, point E is point G, wherein E and F and E and G distance dSpring center-slit centersFor 1/2LGapping of spring+1/2·DSpring, lead to
The calculating of robot offset distance is crossed, selection is moved to nearest nip point, and the selection specifically moved is by practical calculated HIt calculates、
D2 and dSpring center-slit centersIt is calculated.
Preferably, the specific calculation of robot is：
1) work as HIt calculates≥D2；
Show that T-type eave tile is moved to F point ratio G point apart from short, distance is calculated as at this time：L=1/2 (LGapping of spring+DSpring)-
(HIt calculates- D2), moving direction is upward；
2) work as HIt calculates< D2；
Show that T-type eave tile is moved to G point ratio F point apart from short, distance is calculated as at this time：L=1/2 (LGapping of spring+DSpring)-
(D2-HIt calculates), moving direction is downward.
The above, only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, are not intended to limit the invention, patent protection model of the invention
It encloses and is subject to claims, it is all to change with equivalent structure made by specification and accompanying drawing content of the invention, similarly
It should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of bogie bearing spring disassembly technique, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
S1 navigates to one end of bogie (5)；
Tapered wedges (6) are removed in the work of S2 jacking apparatus；
Jacking apparatus includes jacking unit (4) and three axle suspension arms, and there are two jacking unit (4) settings, is realized by three axle suspension arms
The movement of unit (4) spatially is jacked, completes positioning of one of jacking unit (4) to the tapered wedges (6) in left side, then
Then the tapered wedges (6) for removing left side move another jacking unit (4) and position to the tapered wedges (6) on right side, then go
Tapered wedges (6) to the right, finally reset；
S3 mechanical arm (2) drives collet (1) movement；
It is connected with each other between collet (1) and mechanical arm (2) by flange (10)；
S4 positioning device positions bearing spring (7)；
Correlation fibre optical sensor (1021) positions the outer spring (701) of bearing spring (7)；
S5 collet (1) takes out bearing spring (7)；
According to sequence from outside to inside, three row's bearing springs (7) are successively taken out, the bearing spring (7) of taking-up is placed into transfer
On frame, the outer spring (701) of bearing spring (7) is separated with interior spring (702)；
S6 bogie (5) rotation, navigates to the other end of bogie (5)；
S7 repeats the operation of above-mentioned S1-S5, takes out tapered wedges (6) and bearing spring (7)；
S8 repeats the operation of S1-S7 to next bogie (5).
2. bogie bearing spring disassembly technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that three axle suspension arms in S2 step
X-axis guide rail (801), Y-axis guide rail (802) and Z axis guide rail (803) including being provided with ball-screw, under the three axle suspension arm
End is provided with bracket (3), and the X-axis guide rail (801) is horizontally set on bracket (3) upper end, and Y-axis guide rail (802) level is set
It sets in X-axis guide rail (801) upper end and is mutually perpendicular to X-axis guide rail, it is sliding to be connected with first for lower end in the middle part of the Y-axis guide rail (802)
Seat (8011), the first slide (8011) and X-axis guide rail (801) are connected with each other, and Y-axis guide rail (802) upper end connects vertically
It is connected to Z axis guide rail (803), the lower end of the Z axis guide rail (803) is connected with second slide (8021), second slide (8021) and Y
Axis rail (802) is connected with each other, and the X-axis guide rail (801), Y-axis guide rail (802) are provided with servo with Z axis guide rail (803)
Motor (9).
3. bogie bearing spring disassembly technique according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the Z axis guide rail (803) is also
Be connected with third slide (8031), the jacking unit (4) setting there are two and about Z axis guide rail (803) symmetrically, two jackings
Unit (4) is connected with each other with third slide (8031)；
The jacking unit (4) includes laser sensor, connecting plate (401), lifting platform (403), lifting pin (406) and stingy
Lifting platform (403) and third slide (8031) are connected with each other by cylinder (407), the connecting plate (401), the lifting platform
(403) upper end is provided with laser sensor, is provided with and lifts plate (405) in the middle part of lifting platform (403) lower end, described to lift
Plate (405) offers U-shaped card slot, and described lift is provided with lifting pin (406), the lifting pin at left and right sides of plate (405)
(406) front end is located at the front of the front end of lifting platform (403), it is described lift plate (405) and lifting pin (406) with it is stingy
Cylinder (407) connection；Also adjusting between connecting plate (401) and lifting platform (403) has adjusting cylinder (402), the lifting platform
(403) upper end is additionally provided with reinforcing rib (404).
4. bogie bearing spring disassembly technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the collet in S3 and S5 step
It (1) include supporting element (101), the front end of the supporting element (101) is connected with positioning device used for positioning, the supporting element
(101) it is internally provided with the tight stressed member of hook (103) for acting on outer spring (701), it is described to hook tight stressed member (103) and supporting element
(101) space between is additionally provided with effect and the V-type of interior spring (702) pushes against part (104).
5. bogie bearing spring disassembly technique according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described to hook tight stressed member
It (103) include T-type eave tile (1031), connecting rod (10312) and mounting blocks (1032)；The T-type eave tile (1031) includes hooking tightly
Block (10311) and connecting rod (10312), it is described to hook tight block (10311) and be vertically arranged, one end of the connecting rod (10312) with
Hook tight block (10311) interconnection, the other end of the connecting rod (10312) with to be fixed at supporting element (101) internal
Mounting blocks (1032) are connected with each other.
6. bogie bearing spring disassembly technique according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the V-type pushes against part (104)
Block (1042) are pushed against including being separately positioned on the first abutting block (1041) and second hooked at left and right sides of tight stressed member (103), institute
It states the first abutting block (1041) and pushes against block (1042) with second and be connected separately with the first link block (1043) being vertically arranged and the
Two link blocks (1044), the upper end of first link block (1043) and the second link block (1044) are connected with horizontally disposed the
Two guide rails (1046), second guide rail (1046) is between the first link block (1043) and the second link block (1044), institute
The inner wall for stating supporting element (101) is provided with the second guide pad (1048), second guide rail (1046) and the second guide pad
(1048) the second sliding block (1047) are connected between；First link block (1043) rear end is connected with super-thin air cylinder (1045).
7. bogie bearing spring disassembly technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the positioning device in S4 step
Including horizontally disposed one group of correlation fibre optical sensor (1021), the correlation fibre optical sensor (1021) in vertical side
8-12 group is set up, the correlation fibre optical sensor (1021) is connected with fixing piece (1022), the fixing piece
(1022) top and bottom are respectively connected with twin shaft cylinder (1023), and is respectively connected at left and right sides of the fixing piece (1022)
The outer wall of one guide rail (1024), the supporting element (101) is provided with the first guide pad (1026), first guide rail (1024) with
The first sliding block (1025) are connected between first guide pad (1026).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810797379.1A CN108857312B (en) | 2018-07-19 | 2018-07-19 | Bogie bearing spring disassembling process |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810797379.1A CN108857312B (en) | 2018-07-19 | 2018-07-19 | Bogie bearing spring disassembling process |
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| CN109465624A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-03-15 | 成都岁生科技有限责任公司 | A kind of steering dismantling equipment and bogie disassembling method |
| CN109483197A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-19 | 成都岁生科技有限责任公司 | A kind of bogie disassembling system |
| CN109483196A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-19 | 成都岁生科技有限责任公司 | The sterically defined bogie provision for disengagement of bogie can be achieved |
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| CN114751152A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-07-15 | 西南交通大学 | Conveying and grabbing mechanism for detecting bearing saddle |
| CN115890679A (en) * | 2022-12-02 | 2023-04-04 | 西南交通大学 | Vision-based railway vehicle bogie sleeper spring notch positioning and clamping method |
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