CN108854572A - A kind of preparation method of composite hyperfiltration membrane - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of composite hyperfiltration membrane Download PDFInfo
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- CN108854572A CN108854572A CN201810762423.5A CN201810762423A CN108854572A CN 108854572 A CN108854572 A CN 108854572A CN 201810762423 A CN201810762423 A CN 201810762423A CN 108854572 A CN108854572 A CN 108854572A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/44—Polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, not provided for in a single one of groups B01D71/26-B01D71/42
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0009—Organic membrane manufacture by phase separation, sol-gel transition, evaporation or solvent quenching
- B01D67/0011—Casting solutions therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/02—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/24—Mechanical properties, e.g. strength
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of composite hyperfiltration membrane, belong to water-treatment technology field.The present invention prepares a kind of composite hyperfiltration membrane using sol-gel method, silica and titanium dioxide are added in casting solution, by the phase process in the hydroxyl on the unique chain structure of silica and its surface control film forming procedure, and the hydrophily that can enhance film is blended with membrane material for nano-titanium dioxide, increase membrane flux, improves the degree of roughness of film surface, lessening membrane fouling, the service life for extending film, reduces the operating cost of film device；The porosity of composite hyperfiltration membrane is gradually increased in the present invention, and water flux gradually increases；Hydrogen bond may also be formed between Kynoar and cellulose fluoride micro-nano, this enables cellulose fluoride micro-nano to be evenly dispersed in Kynoar solution, and there is good interface cohesion with Kynoar, make composite membrane that there is certain intensity and toughness, thus composite membrane shows good mechanical performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of composite hyperfiltration membrane, belong to water-treatment technology field.
Background technique
Ultrafiltration membrane is the smallest particles size that can be actually retained according to film layer or molecular size range to measure.Currently, with
For the nominal pore range of film as differentiation standard, nominal pore range is that 0.001-0.02 μm of micropore filtering film is referred to as ultrafiltration
Film.Another is exactly to classify by molecular cut off, generally that molecular cut off is super in 5000 to 1 megadaltons be known as
Filter.
There are many classification methods for ultrafiltration membrane, are just classified here with the difference of ultrafiltration membrane material of preparing, that is, are divided into：Have
Machine film（Polymer membrane）, inoranic membrane and organic/inorganic composite film three classes.
Compared with organic film, inoranic membrane has the advantages that high temperature resistant, anticorrosive, mechanical strength is big, easy cleaning.Titanium dioxide
Silicon fiml is one of inoranic membrane, in addition to have the advantages that inoranic membrane it is general other than, it also has the good, membrane aperture of selectivity is controllable to become
The advantages that change amplitude is big, resourceful, at low cost.It not only has wide answer in terms of the separation of macromolecular substances and purifying
With prospect, and also there are very big potentiality and researching value in terms of absorption and catalysis.For example, prepared with sol-gel method
SiO2Film can not only make membrane aperture be less than 2nm, and can be still heat-staple amorphous state, be easy in film at 900 DEG C
The particle of upper combination or dispersed catalyst has better superiority than other films in the application in terms of Membrane catalysis.
Although Organic polymer film materials have had research extensively and profoundly, its production method is simple, possesses higher
Pure water flux, but itself existing non-refractory, resistance to acid and alkali are poor, and easily the defects of softening is also very prominent, causes applying
Deficient in stability in journey, the service life used are not grown.Inorganic material film is then that surface group is single, and acid and alkali-resistance and high-temperature behavior are good,
Mechanicalness is good, long service life, but brittle, and pure water flux is lower, and processing preparation process is simple to operation not as good as organic film, at
This relatively prepares the height of organic film.Both the thus appearance of organic-inorganic hybrid films, can largely solve the disadvantage that, and
And the advantages of going back while having the two concurrently, good development prospect is shown, a trend of current membrane material development is become.This
Wherein SiO2Film as one of inoranic membrane, in addition to have the advantages that inoranic membrane it is general other than, it also has the good, membrane aperture of selectivity
The advantages that can control amplitude of variation big, resourceful, at low cost.Not only have in terms of the separation of macromolecular substances and purifying wide
Wealthy application prospect, and also have very big potentiality and researching value in terms of absorption and catalysis.
But single SiO2Film leads to film frangible problem easy to crack due to contraction, becomes and hinders SiO2The maximum of film development
Obstacle.The mode generallyd use at present is：Some drying control chemical additives, such as formamide are introduced, it is dried to reduce
Capillary force in journey controls gel shrinks.Or hydrophobically modified is carried out using alkylating reagent, it avoids in drying process
In, the irreversible contraction due to caused by being mutually condensed between gel surface hydroxyl.But such mode, effect be not significant.And
The film prepared now, mainly with positive silicic acid second, extremely equal alkoxide are raw material, and gel forms a film after hydrolysis obtains silica solution, are used
Cost of material is higher, is unfavorable for expanding the range promoted and applied.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention：It is not high for existing ultrafiltration membrane permeability rate, service life is shorter, prepare work
Skill problem not easy enough, provides a kind of preparation method of composite hyperfiltration membrane.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that：
（1）Filter paper is impregnated with deionized water, after blender is smashed and is filtered, filter residue is obtained, the ethyl alcohol that mass fraction is 10% is added
Solution after magnetic agitation, is washed with deionized 3~5 times, filters to obtain filter paper pulp；After being ground 5 times with grinder, then use high pressure
Homogeneous instrument homogeneous 5 times to get cellulose pulp；Cellulose pulp is impregnated in mixed acid, after constant temperature stirring, obtains mixing slurry
Material, is washed with deionized to neutrality, obtains colloidal solution, filters, and after dry, is crushed to obtain crystal powder with ball mill；
（2）According to parts by weight, weigh respectively 10~20 parts of Kynoar, 3~7 parts of crystal powders, 3~5 parts of nano materials,
10~14 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 40~60 parts of n,N-dimethylacetamide, are dissolved in n,N-dimethylacetamide for Kynoar
In, after dissolution completely, crystal powder, nano material and polyvinyl alcohol is added, constant-temperature table processing is cooled to room temperature, and vacuum
Degassing, obtains casting solution, and with glass bar, by casting solution, striking is at liquid film on the glass of clean dried, then immediately by liquid obtained
Shape film immerse tap water in gel forming, obtain base film, by base film with tap water clean and in distilled water impregnate 44~
48h is to get composite hyperfiltration membrane.
Step（1）The mass ratio for the ethanol solution that the filter residue and mass fraction is 10% is 1: 10.
Step（1）The mixed acid is 1: 2 mixing by volume of hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid.
Step（1）The constant temperature stirring is 1~2h of constant temperature stirring under 80~90 DEG C of bath temperatures.
Step（1）The drying is dry 1~2h in 80~90 DEG C of baking ovens.
Step（2）The nano material is that nano silica and nano-titanium dioxide in mass ratio 1: 1 are uniformly mixed.
Step（2）The constant-temperature table processing is to shake 46~48h in the constant-temperature table that temperature is 50~60 DEG C.
Step（2）The vacuum outgas is that 20~30min of degassing is vacuumized under 0.1MPa vacuum degree.
Step（2）The liquid film is with a thickness of 0.4~0.8mm.
The present invention is compared with other methods, and advantageous effects are：
（1）The present invention prepares a kind of composite hyperfiltration membrane using sol-gel method, and silica and titanium dioxide are added in casting solution
Titanium, by the phase process and nanometer in the hydroxyl on the unique chain structure of silica and its surface control film forming procedure
The hydrophily that can enhance film is blended with membrane material for titanium dioxide, increases membrane flux, improves the degree of roughness of film surface, delays film dirty
Dye, extends the service life of film, reduces the operating cost of film device, and silica and titanic oxide nano powder, optimize
The macromolecular network structure of fibrous inside not only can be such that fibrous absorbent multiplying power, Smoking indexes obviously increases, but also will not break
Bad fibrous mechanical property；
（2）The minimum scale of cellulose fluoride micro-nano material in the present invention, makes it have huge specific surface area, the dispersion of height
Performance is dispersed in polysulfones film liquid by mechanicals efforts, forms heterogeneous thermodynamic stable system, cellulose micro-nano
Crystalline material is a kind of strongly hydrophilic material, exposes more surface hydroxyls, in inversion of phases film forming procedure, cellulose micro-nano
The presence of crystal can accelerate the speed that gelling agent is spread into casting solution, accelerate instantaneous phase separation, more conducively poor polymerization
Object phase nucleating growth forms loose porous ultrafiltration membrane material, therefore the porosity of composite hyperfiltration membrane is gradually increased, water flux by
Cumulative height；Hydrogen bond may also be formed between Kynoar and cellulose fluoride micro-nano, this enables cellulose fluoride micro-nano
It is evenly dispersed in Kynoar solution, and has good interface cohesion with Kynoar, there is composite membrane certain
Intensity and toughness, thus composite membrane shows good mechanical performance.
Specific embodiment
Filter paper is impregnated with deionized water, after blender is smashed and is filtered, filter residue is obtained, in mass ratio 1: 10 is added quality point
The ethanol solution that number is 10% after magnetic agitation, is washed with deionized 3~5 times, filters to obtain filter paper pulp；With grinder grinding 5
After secondary, then with high-pressure homogeneous instrument homogeneous 5 times to get cellulose pulp；1: 2 hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid are mixed, must be mixed by volume
Cellulose pulp is impregnated in mixed acid by acid, and constant temperature stirs 1~2h under 80~90 DEG C of bath temperatures, obtains mixed slurry, is used
Deionized water is washed to neutrality, and colloidal solution is obtained, and is filtered, and in 80~90 DEG C of baking ovens after dry 1~2h, is crushed with ball mill
Obtain crystal powder；According to parts by weight, weigh respectively 10~20 parts of Kynoar, 3~7 parts of crystal powders, 3~5 parts receive
Rice material, 10~14 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 40~60 parts of n,N-dimethylacetamide, are dissolved in N, N- dimethyl for Kynoar
In acetamide, after dissolution completely, crystal powder, nano material and polyvinyl alcohol is added, is shaken in the constant temperature that temperature is 50~60 DEG C
46~48h is shaken in bed, is cooled to room temperature, and vacuumize 20~30min of degassing under 0.1MPa vacuum degree, is obtained casting solution, use glass
Striking is at the liquid film with a thickness of 0.4~0.8mm on the glass of clean dried by casting solution for glass stick, then immediately by liquid obtained
Shape film immerse tap water in gel forming, obtain base film, by base film with tap water clean and in distilled water impregnate 44~
48h is to get composite hyperfiltration membrane.
Example 1
Filter paper is impregnated with deionized water, after blender is smashed and is filtered, filter residue is obtained, in mass ratio 1: 10 addition mass fraction is
10% ethanol solution after magnetic agitation, is washed with deionized 3 times, filters to obtain filter paper pulp；After being ground 5 times with grinder, then
With high-pressure homogeneous instrument homogeneous 5 times to get cellulose pulp；1: 2 hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid are mixed by volume, obtains mixed acid, it will be fine
Plain sheet steeping is tieed up in mixed acid, constant temperature stirs 1h under 80 DEG C of bath temperatures, obtains mixed slurry, be washed with deionized to
Neutrality obtains colloidal solution, filters, and in 80 DEG C of baking ovens after dry 1h, is crushed to obtain crystal powder with ball mill；By weight
Number meter, weighs 10 parts of Kynoar, 3 parts of crystal powders, 3 parts of nano materials, 10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 40 parts of N, N- diformazan respectively
Kynoar is dissolved in n,N-dimethylacetamide by yl acetamide, and after dissolution completely, crystal powder, nanometer material is added
Material and polyvinyl alcohol shake 46h in the constant-temperature table that temperature is 50 DEG C, are cooled to room temperature, and take out very under 0.1MPa vacuum degree
Sky degassing 20min, obtain casting solution, with glass bar by casting solution on the glass of clean dried striking at the liquid with a thickness of 0.4mm
Shape film, then liquid film obtained is immersed into gel forming in tap water immediately, base film is obtained, base film tap water is cleaned simultaneously
44h is impregnated in distilled water to get composite hyperfiltration membrane.
Example 2
Filter paper is impregnated with deionized water, after blender is smashed and is filtered, filter residue is obtained, in mass ratio 1: 10 addition mass fraction is
10% ethanol solution after magnetic agitation, is washed with deionized 4 times, filters to obtain filter paper pulp；After being ground 5 times with grinder, then
With high-pressure homogeneous instrument homogeneous 5 times to get cellulose pulp；1: 2 hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid are mixed by volume, obtains mixed acid, it will be fine
Plain sheet steeping is tieed up in mixed acid, constant temperature stirs 1h under 85 DEG C of bath temperatures, obtains mixed slurry, be washed with deionized to
Neutrality obtains colloidal solution, filters, and in 85 DEG C of baking ovens after dry 1h, is crushed to obtain crystal powder with ball mill；By weight
Number meter, weighs 15 parts of Kynoar, 5 parts of crystal powders, 4 parts of nano materials, 12 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 50 parts of N, N- diformazan respectively
Kynoar is dissolved in n,N-dimethylacetamide by yl acetamide, and after dissolution completely, crystal powder, nanometer material is added
Material and polyvinyl alcohol shake 47h in the constant-temperature table that temperature is 55 DEG C, are cooled to room temperature, and take out very under 0.1MPa vacuum degree
Sky degassing 25min, obtain casting solution, with glass bar by casting solution on the glass of clean dried striking at the liquid with a thickness of 0.6mm
Shape film, then liquid film obtained is immersed into gel forming in tap water immediately, base film is obtained, base film tap water is cleaned simultaneously
46h is impregnated in distilled water to get composite hyperfiltration membrane.
Example 3
Filter paper is impregnated with deionized water, after blender is smashed and is filtered, filter residue is obtained, in mass ratio 1: 10 addition mass fraction is
10% ethanol solution after magnetic agitation, is washed with deionized 5 times, filters to obtain filter paper pulp；After being ground 5 times with grinder, then
With high-pressure homogeneous instrument homogeneous 5 times to get cellulose pulp；1: 2 hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid are mixed by volume, obtains mixed acid, it will be fine
Plain sheet steeping is tieed up in mixed acid, constant temperature stirs 2h under 90 DEG C of bath temperatures, obtains mixed slurry, be washed with deionized to
Neutrality obtains colloidal solution, filters, and in 90 DEG C of baking ovens after dry 2h, is crushed to obtain crystal powder with ball mill；By weight
Number meter, weighs 20 parts of Kynoar, 7 parts of crystal powders, 5 parts of nano materials, 14 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 60 parts of N, N- diformazan respectively
Kynoar is dissolved in n,N-dimethylacetamide by yl acetamide, and after dissolution completely, crystal powder, nanometer material is added
Material and polyvinyl alcohol shake 48h in the constant-temperature table that temperature is 60 DEG C, are cooled to room temperature, and take out very under 0.1MPa vacuum degree
Sky degassing 30min, obtain casting solution, with glass bar by casting solution on the glass of clean dried striking at the liquid with a thickness of 0.8mm
Shape film, then liquid film obtained is immersed into gel forming in tap water immediately, base film is obtained, base film tap water is cleaned simultaneously
48h is impregnated in distilled water to get composite hyperfiltration membrane.
Reference examples：The composite hyperfiltration membrane of Dongguan company production.
The composite hyperfiltration membrane of example and reference examples is detected, specific detection is as follows：
Pure water flux：The test pressure of water flux is 0.2MPa, first by the film sample to be tested precompressed in the case where testing pressure
Then 10min tests the pure water flux in its 5min.
Rejection：With ultrafiltration cup measurement film sample to the retention percentage of ovalbumin solution.
Porosity：According to test request, clip 20mm × 20mm or so, zero defect and the examination sufficiently impregnated in pure water
Sample, choice accuracy be 0.1mg assay balance, first accurately weigh sample be immersed in buoyant weight, then quickly exhausted with filter paper
Specimen surface swims and weighs its weight in wet base, and sample is finally placed in a vacuum drying oven drying to constant weight, after sample constant weight
Its dry weight is weighed, the porosity of film can be calculated using above-mentioned test result.
Specific testing result such as table 1.
1 performance characterization contrast table of table
As shown in Table 1, composite hyperfiltration membrane prepared by the present invention has good pure water flux and retention rate of proteins.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of preparation method of composite hyperfiltration membrane, it is characterised in that the specific steps are：
（1）Filter paper is impregnated with deionized water, after blender is smashed and is filtered, filter residue is obtained, the ethyl alcohol that mass fraction is 10% is added
Solution after magnetic agitation, is washed with deionized 3~5 times, filters to obtain filter paper pulp；After being ground 5 times with grinder, then use high pressure
Homogeneous instrument homogeneous 5 times to get cellulose pulp；Cellulose pulp is impregnated in mixed acid, after constant temperature stirring, obtains mixing slurry
Material, is washed with deionized to neutrality, obtains colloidal solution, filters, and after dry, is crushed to obtain crystal powder with ball mill；
（2）According to parts by weight, weigh respectively 10~20 parts of Kynoar, 3~7 parts of crystal powders, 3~5 parts of nano materials,
10~14 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 40~60 parts of n,N-dimethylacetamide, are dissolved in n,N-dimethylacetamide for Kynoar
In, after dissolution completely, crystal powder, nano material and polyvinyl alcohol is added, constant-temperature table processing is cooled to room temperature, and vacuum
Degassing, obtains casting solution, and with glass bar, by casting solution, striking is at liquid film on the glass of clean dried, then immediately by liquid obtained
Shape film immerse tap water in gel forming, obtain base film, by base film with tap water clean and in distilled water impregnate 44~
48h is to get composite hyperfiltration membrane.
2. a kind of preparation method of composite hyperfiltration membrane according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（1）The filter
The mass ratio for the ethanol solution that slag and mass fraction are 10% is 1: 10.
3. a kind of preparation method of composite hyperfiltration membrane according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（1）Described is mixed
Closing acid is 1: 2 mixing by volume of hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid.
4. a kind of preparation method of composite hyperfiltration membrane according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（1）The perseverance
Temperature stirring is 1~2h of constant temperature stirring under 80~90 DEG C of bath temperatures.
5. a kind of preparation method of composite hyperfiltration membrane according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（1）Described is dry
Dry is dry 1~2h in 80~90 DEG C of baking ovens.
6. a kind of preparation method of composite hyperfiltration membrane according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（1）Described receives
Rice material is that nano silica and nano-titanium dioxide in mass ratio 1: 1 are uniformly mixed.
7. a kind of preparation method of composite hyperfiltration membrane according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（2）The perseverance
Warm shaking table processing is to shake 46~48h in the constant-temperature table that temperature is 50~60 DEG C.
8. a kind of preparation method of composite hyperfiltration membrane according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（2）Described is true
Sky degassing is that 20~30min of degassing is vacuumized under 0.1MPa vacuum degree.
9. a kind of preparation method of composite hyperfiltration membrane according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step（2）The liquid
Body film thickness is 0.4~0.8mm.
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| CN109772182A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-21 | 清大国华环境集团股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of modified polyvinilidene fluoride film |
| CN109821429A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-05-31 | 常州大学 | A kind of preparation method and application of the resistant to pollution copolymerized film of silicon titanium |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109772182A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-05-21 | 清大国华环境集团股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of modified polyvinilidene fluoride film |
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| CN109821429A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-05-31 | 常州大学 | A kind of preparation method and application of the resistant to pollution copolymerized film of silicon titanium |
| CN109821429B (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2021-03-23 | 常州大学 | Preparation method and application of anti-pollution silicon-titanium copolymerization composite membrane |
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