CN108440008B - High-porosity ceramic filter material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-porosity ceramic filter material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108440008B CN108440008B CN201810434597.9A CN201810434597A CN108440008B CN 108440008 B CN108440008 B CN 108440008B CN 201810434597 A CN201810434597 A CN 201810434597A CN 108440008 B CN108440008 B CN 108440008B
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011882 ultra-fine particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 229910001420 alkaline earth metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010137 moulding (plastic) Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003828 vacuum filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C04B35/803—
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/20—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of inorganic material, e.g. asbestos paper, metallic filtering material of non-woven wires
- B01D39/2068—Other inorganic materials, e.g. ceramics
- B01D39/2093—Ceramic foam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
- B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
- B01D46/2418—Honeycomb filters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
- C04B38/063—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B38/0635—Compounding ingredients
- C04B38/0645—Burnable, meltable, sublimable materials
- C04B38/068—Carbonaceous materials, e.g. coal, carbon, graphite, hydrocarbons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3418—Silicon oxide, silicic acids or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/52—Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
- C04B2235/5208—Fibers
- C04B2235/5216—Inorganic
- C04B2235/522—Oxidic
- C04B2235/5224—Alumina or aluminates
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/52—Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
- C04B2235/5208—Fibers
- C04B2235/5216—Inorganic
- C04B2235/522—Oxidic
- C04B2235/5228—Silica and alumina, including aluminosilicates, e.g. mullite
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of fine ceramic filtration, and particularly relates to a high-porosity ceramic filter material and a preparation method thereof. Ceramic fiber is used as a main raw material, and the ceramic fiber is subjected to plastic molding, drying and sintering to prepare the ceramic filter material with the three-dimensional network structure, and has the characteristics of high porosity, high breaking strength and low filter resistance. According to the invention, silicon oxide powder is used as a binding agent, and the ceramic fiber is firmly bonded through reaction with the surface of the ceramic fiber at high temperature, so that the strength of the filter material is improved; the ceramic fibers are combined in a cross way to form a three-dimensional network structure with high porosity, and the porosity of the three-dimensional network structure is far higher than that of a traditional porous ceramic filter material prepared from granular raw materials; under the condition of the same filtering precision, the filtering resistance is greatly lower than that of the traditional porous ceramic filtering material. The high-porosity ceramic filter material prepared by the invention does not contain alkali metal and alkaline earth metal ions, and has better high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance. The high-porosity ceramic filter material prepared by the method can be used for filtering gas and liquid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of fine ceramic filtration, and particularly relates to a high-porosity ceramic filter material, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In recent years, the haze phenomenon caused by air pollution not only affects the daily life of people, but also is harmful to human health, and is a problem to be solved urgently. Most of the emission of particulate matters in the atmospheric pollution comes from industrial production pollution, in particular to industries such as coal-fired power generation, chemical industry, metallurgy, cement production and the like. Particulate pollution in exhaust gas of the industries is often high, electric dust collection and cloth bag dust collection adopted at present have certain dust removal effects, cooling treatment or cold air cooling treatment is required to be carried out under the condition of high flue gas temperature, the emission of the flue gas is relatively increased after the cold air is added, and the investment of dust removal equipment is correspondingly increased. The high-temperature-resistant porous ceramic material can be used for directly treating high-temperature flue gas, the discharge amount of particulate matters in the treated flue gas is low, the high-temperature-resistant porous ceramic material is superior to that of traditional cloth bag dust removal and electric dust removal equipment, and the effect of reducing haze is achieved. The traditional porous ceramic for filtration is produced by adopting granular raw materials, the porosity of the product is below 50%, and the filtration resistance is large. The traditional porous ceramic material with the pore diameter of about 10 microns has the filtering resistance of 30000Pa when filtering smoke at the wind speed of 1 m/min, and influences the application effect of the traditional porous ceramic material in industrial dust removal and filtration. Therefore, a ceramic filter material with high porosity and low resistance for dedusting high-temperature flue gas is urgently needed. At present, the high-porosity ceramic filter material mainly adopts two methods of vacuum filtration molding and precursor organic foam molding. The vacuum filtration molding process is complex, the working procedures are multiple, the production efficiency is low, and the product is cracked due to stress concentration, so that the yield is reduced. The product produced by the precursor organic foam forming method has large aperture and limited filtering precision, is only suitable for filtering molten metal, and cannot produce porous ceramic filtering material with micron-sized aperture.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-porosity ceramic filter material, a preparation method and application thereof. The high-porosity ceramic filter material is prepared by using ceramic fibers as main raw materials through plastic molding, drying and sintering, and the raw materials are fibrous and replace the traditional granular raw materials, so that the final ceramic product produced by the high-porosity ceramic filter material has a three-dimensional network structure, and is high in porosity, low in filter resistance, high in breaking strength, high in high temperature resistance and good in corrosion resistance.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a high porosity ceramic filter material, comprising the steps of:
(1) raw material selection
The ceramic fiber is selected as a framework material of the high-porosity ceramic filter material as a raw material, and comprises one or a mixture of more than two of mullite fiber, alumina fiber and aluminum silicate fiber, and a three-dimensional network structure is formed by the cross combination of the ceramic fiber to form a multi-channel coherent air hole; silica powder is selected as a bonding agent, and the ceramic fiber is firmly bonded through reaction with the surface of the ceramic fiber at high temperature, so that the strength of the filter material is improved; the method is characterized in that a carbonaceous material, such as activated carbon, starch or wood dust, especially the activated carbon is selected as a pore-forming agent, and gas generated by oxidizing and burning the pore-forming agent overflows at high temperature, so that pores and continuous through pores are formed in the material, and the porosity of the material is further improved.
(2) Raw material preparation and shaping
Mixing and uniformly stirring ceramic fiber, silicon oxide powder, pore-forming agent and water according to the mass ratio of 30-80: 70-20: 10-50: 30-50, refining the mixture by a pug mill to prepare plastic pug, putting the plastic pug into a closed container for ageing, and forming the mixture by vacuum extrusion forming equipment to obtain hollow tubular and flat blank bodies.
(3) Drying and firing
And (3) placing the extruded blank body in a drying device for drying for 24-48 hours, and firing at 1000-1200 ℃ for 1-3 hours.
In the preparation method of the high-porosity ceramic filter material, the ceramic fiber is one or a mixture of more than two of mullite fiber, alumina fiber and aluminum silicate fiber. Before mixing the materials, the ceramic fibers are firstly subjected to deslagging by a water washing method and then to chopping homogenization treatment, wherein the aspect ratio of the size of the treated fibers is 5-40: 1, preferably 20-40: 1, and most preferably 20-35: 1.
The pore-forming agent is a carbon material, particularly active carbon, and higher porosity can be obtained by oxidizing the pore-forming agent at high temperature and overflowing gas generated by combustion.
The plastic pug is refined by a pug mill, and the ageing time is 24-72 hours, preferably 30-60 hours, so as to obtain the plastic pug with good homogenization.
The drying temperature of the green body is 30-60 ℃, and the drying time is 24-48 hours, preferably 30-40 hours.
The firing temperature is 1000-1200 ℃, and the high-porosity ceramic filter material obtained at the firing temperature has high breaking strength.
By the preparation method, the high-porosity ceramic filter material can be obtained.
The invention also provides a high-porosity ceramic filter material prepared by the method, the aperture of the material is 10-21 mu m, the porosity is 51-89%, the filter resistance at the wind speed of 1 m/min is within the range of 79-162Pa, and the high-porosity ceramic filter material has the characteristics of low filter capacity and high filter efficiency.
The high-porosity ceramic filter material has the flexural strength of 1.2-17.2MPa, can ensure that the filter material does not deform during working, has good durability particularly when used in a high-temperature environment, and can obtain good and stable filtering effect.
The high-porosity ceramic filter material can resist the high temperature of 600 ℃, has good durability and good corrosion resistance, and is particularly suitable for severe working environments, such as industries of smelting, cement, chemical engineering, power plants and the like.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the porous ceramic produced by the traditional particle raw material, the resistance of the high-porosity ceramic filter material prepared by the method is reduced by hundreds of times; compared with a vacuum filtration molding method, the production process is simple and convenient, and the production efficiency is high; compared with the millimeter-scale porous material prepared by a precursor organic foam method, the pore diameter of the material can reach micron-scale. According to the invention, the silica powder is used as a binding agent, and the ceramic fiber is firmly bound through reaction with the surface of the ceramic fiber at high temperature, so that the strength of the filter material is obviously improved, the service life of the filter material is prolonged, and the use cost is correspondingly reduced; the ceramic fibers are combined in a cross way to form a high-porosity three-dimensional network structure, and the porosity of the ceramic fibers is far higher than that of a traditional porous ceramic filter material prepared from granular raw materials; under the condition of the same filtering precision, the filtering resistance is greatly lower than that of the traditional porous ceramic filtering material. The high-porosity ceramic filter material prepared by the invention does not contain alkali metal and alkaline earth metal ions, has better corrosion resistance, can resist the high temperature of 600 ℃, and can be widely applied to the fields of high-temperature flue gas dust removal, liquid filtration and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a tubular high porosity ceramic filter material made by the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a plate-shaped high porosity ceramic filter material obtained by the method of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a scanning electron microscope image (500 times magnification) of the microstructure of a high porosity ceramic filter material
Detailed Description
As shown in FIG. 1, the filtration direction of the filter medium is from the outside (10) of the tube to the inside (20) of the tube.
As shown in FIG. 2, the filtration direction of the filter medium is from the outer side (10) of the plate to the inner side (20) of the plate.
The invention is illustrated in further detail by the following examples:
example 1
Mullite fiber with the length-diameter ratio of 10: 1, silicon oxide powder, activated carbon and water are mixed according to the mass ratio of 80: 20: 10: 50 and are uniformly stirred to prepare plastic pug, the plastic pug is aged for 48 hours, extruded and molded, dried for 48 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃, and sintered at the temperature of 1200 ℃ to obtain a high-porosity ceramic filter material finished product, wherein the pore diameter of the high-porosity ceramic filter material is 10 mu m, the porosity is 51 percent, and the breaking strength of a sample is 19.8 MPa. The filtration resistance was 140Pa at a wind speed of 1 m/min.
Example 2
Mixing mullite fiber with the length-diameter ratio of 20: 1, silicon oxide powder, activated carbon and water according to the mass ratio of 70: 30: 10: 35, uniformly stirring to prepare plastic pug, ageing for 60 hours, extruding and molding, drying for 24 hours at 50 ℃, and firing at 1180 ℃ to obtain a high-porosity ceramic filter material finished product, wherein the pore diameter of the high-porosity ceramic filter material is 15 mu m, the porosity is 53%, and the breaking strength of a sample is 17.1 MPa. The filtration resistance was 115Pa at a wind speed of 1 m/min.
Example 3
Mixing and uniformly stirring alumina fiber with the length-diameter ratio of 5: 1, silica powder, activated carbon and water according to the mass ratio of 60: 40: 10: 35 to prepare plastic pug, ageing for 50 hours, extruding and molding, drying for 24 hours at 40 ℃, and sintering at 1150 ℃ to obtain the high-porosity ceramic filter material finished product, wherein the aperture of the high-porosity ceramic filter material is 13 mu m, the porosity is 56%, and the breaking strength of the sample is 15.3 MPa. The filtration resistance was 155Pa at a wind speed of 1 m/min.
Example 4
Mullite fiber with the length-diameter ratio of 5: 1, aluminum silicate fiber, silicon oxide powder, activated carbon and water are mixed and uniformly stirred according to the mass ratio of 40: 10: 50: 10: 35 to prepare plastic pug, the plastic pug is aged for 30 hours, extruded and molded, dried for 30 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃, and sintered at the temperature of 1150 ℃ to obtain a high-porosity ceramic filter material finished product, wherein the pore diameter of the high-porosity ceramic filter material is 12 mu m, the porosity is 54%, and the breaking strength of a sample is 16.9 MPa. The filtration resistance was 162Pa at a wind speed of 1 m/min.
Example 5
Mixing mullite fiber with the length-diameter ratio of 20: 1, silicon oxide powder, activated carbon and water according to the mass ratio of 40: 60: 10: 35, uniformly stirring to prepare plastic pug, ageing for 24 hours, extruding and molding, drying for 40 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃, and sintering at the temperature of 1100 ℃ to obtain the finished product of the high-porosity ceramic filter material, wherein the aperture of the high-porosity ceramic filter material is 21 mu m, the porosity is 53 percent, and the breaking strength of a sample is 17.2 MPa. The filtration resistance 116Pa was at a wind speed of 1 m/min.
Example 6
Mixing and uniformly stirring alumina fiber with the length-diameter ratio of 30: 1, silica powder, activated carbon and water according to the mass ratio of 30: 70: 10: 35 to prepare a plastic pug, ageing for 65 hours, extruding and molding, drying for 35 hours at 55 ℃, and firing at 1000 ℃ to obtain a high-porosity ceramic filter material finished product, wherein the aperture of the high-porosity ceramic filter material is 13 mu m, the porosity is 51%, and the breaking strength of a sample is 15.6 MPa. The filtration resistance was 89Pa at a wind speed of 1 m/min.
Example 7
Mixing and uniformly stirring aluminum silicate fibers with the length-diameter ratio of 35: 1, silicon dioxide, activated carbon and water according to the mass ratio of 30: 70: 30: 41 to prepare plastic pug, ageing for 35 hours, extruding and molding, drying for 72 hours at the temperature of 30 ℃, and sintering at the temperature of 1000 ℃ to obtain a high-porosity ceramic filter material finished product, wherein the pore diameter of the high-porosity ceramic filter material is 16 mu m, the porosity is 72%, and the flexural strength of a sample is 6.1 MPa. The filtration resistance was 82Pa at a wind speed of 1 m/min.
Example 8
Mixing and uniformly stirring aluminum silicate fibers with the length-diameter ratio of 20: 1, silicon dioxide, activated carbon and water according to the mass ratio of 40: 60: 50: 45 to prepare plastic pug, ageing for 42 hours, extruding and molding, drying for 60 hours at 40 ℃, and sintering at 1100 ℃ to obtain a high-porosity ceramic filter material finished product, wherein the pore diameter of the high-porosity ceramic filter material is 18 mu m, the porosity is 89%, and the breaking strength of a sample is 1.2 MPa. The filtration resistance was 79Pa at a wind speed of 1 m/min.
Example 9
Mullite fiber with the length-diameter ratio of 15: 1, alumina fiber, silica powder, activated carbon and water are mixed and uniformly stirred according to the mass ratio of 65: 5: 30: 10: 35 to prepare plastic pug, the plastic pug is aged for 24 hours, extruded and molded, dried for 48 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃, and sintered at the temperature of 1180 ℃ to obtain a high-porosity ceramic filter material finished product, wherein the pore diameter of the high-porosity ceramic filter material is 14 mu m, the porosity is 56%, and the breaking strength of a sample is 17.4 MPa. The filtration resistance at a wind speed of 1 m/min was 118 Pa.
Example 10
Mullite fiber, alumina fiber, aluminum silicate fiber, silicon oxide powder, active carbon and water with the length-diameter ratio of 20: 1 are mixed and evenly stirred according to the mass ratio of 60: 5: 30: 10: 35 to prepare plastic pug, the plastic pug is aged for 36 hours, extruded and molded and dried for 72 hours at the temperature of 35 ℃, and the mixture is sintered at the temperature of 1160 ℃ to obtain a high-porosity ceramic filter material finished product, wherein the pore diameter of the high-porosity ceramic filter material is 15 mu m, the porosity is 55%, and the breaking strength of a sample is 17.4 MPa. The filtration resistance was 121Pa at a wind speed of 1 m/min.
Example 11
Mixing and uniformly stirring aluminum silicate fibers with the length-diameter ratio of 40: 1, silicon dioxide, activated carbon and water according to the mass ratio of 40: 60: 50: 45 to prepare plastic pug, ageing for 40 hours, extruding and molding, drying for 48 hours at 50 ℃, and sintering at 1050 ℃ to obtain a high-porosity ceramic filter material finished product, wherein the pore diameter of the high-porosity ceramic filter material is 18 mu m, the porosity is 85%, and the breaking strength of a sample is 1.5 MPa. The filtration resistance was 87Pa at a wind speed of 1 m/min.
Example 12
Mixing and uniformly stirring aluminum silicate fibers with the length-diameter ratio of 10: 1, silicon dioxide, activated carbon and water according to the mass ratio of 40: 60: 50: 45 to prepare plastic pug, ageing for 32 hours, extruding and molding, drying for 72 hours at 40 ℃, and sintering at 1050 ℃ to obtain a high-porosity ceramic filter material finished product, wherein the pore diameter of the high-porosity ceramic filter material is 19 mu m, the porosity is 82%, and the breaking strength of a sample is 1.7 MPa. The filtration resistance was 101Pa at a wind speed of 1 m/min.
Example 13
Mixing and uniformly stirring alumina fiber with the length-diameter ratio of 5: 1, silica powder, activated carbon and water according to the mass ratio of 60: 40: 10: 30 to prepare plastic pug, ageing for 40 hours, extruding and molding, drying for 48 hours at 50 ℃, and firing at 1180 ℃ to obtain a high-porosity ceramic filter material finished product, wherein the aperture of the high-porosity ceramic filter material is 15 mu m, the porosity is 54%, and the breaking strength of a sample is 15.5 MPa. The filtration resistance was 162Pa at a wind speed of 1 m/min.
Example 14
Mullite fiber with the length-diameter ratio of 10: 1, silicon oxide powder, activated carbon and water are mixed according to the mass ratio of 80: 20: 40 and are uniformly stirred to prepare plastic pug, the plastic pug is aged for 24 hours, extruded and molded, dried for 48 hours at the temperature of 50 ℃, and sintered at the temperature of 1200 ℃ to obtain a high-porosity ceramic filter material finished product, wherein the pore diameter of the high-porosity ceramic filter material is 12 mu m, the porosity is 53 percent, and the breaking strength of a sample is 18.7 MPa. The filtration resistance was 146Pa at a wind speed of 1 m/min.
The method can conveniently produce the porous high-temperature-resistant ceramic filter material, passes the middle-scale test at present, enters the production stage, and can realize industrialization.
The high-temperature ceramic filter tube prepared by the method can be prepared into a required length according to industrial application requirements, the length prepared by other methods in the prior art is generally 1500-plus-2000 mm, the length of the filter tube prepared by the method can reach 5000mm, and the tube diameter can reach 120-plus-150 mm. Due to the transportation constraints, it is typically 2800mm in practice.
Claims (10)
1. The high-porosity ceramic filter material is characterized by being formed by firing ceramic fibers and silicon oxide powder serving as raw materials at the temperature of 1000-1200 ℃, wherein the ceramic fibers are one or a mixture of more than two of mullite fibers, alumina fibers and aluminum silicate fibers, and the mass ratio of the ceramic fibers to the silicon oxide is 30-80: 70-20.
2. The high-porosity ceramic filter material according to claim 1, wherein the material has a porosity of 51-89%, a pore size of 12-21 μm, a flexural strength of 1.2-17.2MPa, and a filtration resistance of 79-162Pa at a wind speed of 1 m/min.
3. A high porosity ceramic filter material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ceramic fibres have an aspect ratio of 5-40: 1.
4. A high porosity ceramic filter material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the filter material is a hollow tube or a flat plate.
5. The high porosity ceramic filter material according to claim 3, wherein the filter material is a hollow tube or a flat plate.
6. The preparation method of the high-porosity ceramic filter material is characterized by uniformly mixing and stirring ceramic fibers, silicon oxide powder, a pore-forming agent and water according to the mass ratio of 30-80: 70-20: 10-50: 30-45 to prepare a plastic pug, aging, extruding, forming and drying, and firing at 1000-1200 ℃ to obtain the high-porosity ceramic filter material, wherein the ceramic fibers are one or a mixture of more than two of mullite fibers, alumina fibers and aluminum silicate fibers, and the length-diameter ratio of the ceramic fibers is 5-40: 1.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the pore-forming agent is activated carbon, starch, or wood chips.
8. The method according to claim 6, wherein the plastic pug is refined 1-6 times by a pug mill, and the aging time is 24-72 hours.
9. The method according to claim 6, wherein the extrusion molding drying is performed by molding the mixture in a vacuum extrusion molding device to obtain a green body, and drying the green body in a drying device at 30-60 ℃ for 24-48 hours.
10. Use of a high porosity ceramic filter material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 for flue gas dedusting, ultra fine particle collection or liquid filtration.
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| CN110759746A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2020-02-07 | 宜兴王子制陶有限公司 | Gasoline engine particle filter with low back pressure and high durability |
| CN110898683B (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2022-03-29 | 三达膜科技（厦门）有限公司 | Preparation method of ceramic filtering membrane |
| CN115215672B (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2023-08-22 | 南京工业大学 | Preparation method of mullite whisker-based ceramic fiber membrane |
| CN115521158B (en) * | 2022-10-11 | 2023-08-18 | 南京工业大学 | Preparation method of high-air-permeability ceramic fiber filter tube |
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