CN108850149A - A kind of mushroom coating antistaling agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of mushroom coating antistaling agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108850149A CN108850149A CN201810963983.7A CN201810963983A CN108850149A CN 108850149 A CN108850149 A CN 108850149A CN 201810963983 A CN201810963983 A CN 201810963983A CN 108850149 A CN108850149 A CN 108850149A
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- antistaling agent
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/16—Coating with a protective layer; Compositions or apparatus therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of mushroom coating antistaling agents and preparation method thereof, are related to technical field of preservation of fresh, which is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：30-40 parts of tea polyphenol extract liquid, 20-30 parts of modified konjaku starch, 10-18 parts of chitin, 8-14 parts of enuatrol, 1-2 parts of benzoic acid, 1-3 parts of natamycin, 15-23 parts of water；The preparation method of the mushroom coating antistaling agent includes that step is mixed.The mushroom coating antistaling agent can greatly improve the fresh keeping time of mushroom, but also can reduce the loss of nutritional ingredient.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of preservation of fresh, and in particular to a kind of mushroom coating antistaling agent and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
After mushroom picking, strong respiratory activity and metabolic activity still will do it, cause mushroom that brown stain occurs, shrink,
Nutritional ingredient missing eventually results in mushroom atrophy, rots, influences the edible value of mushroom.
The store method of mushroom in the prior art is mainly cold storing and fresh-keeping, but cold storing and fresh-keeping is mainly to inhibit micro- life
The principle of object growth, but this kind of method stores need to expend a large amount of energy for a long time, and mushroom is also in cold storage procedure
It will do it certain metabolic activity, nutritional ingredient, which has, to be significantly lost, and further needing exist for auxiliary other methods could reach
To good preservation effect.
The Chinese invention patent application of Publication No. CN105285081A discloses a kind of antifaling agent of edible fungus and its preparation
Method, the antistaling agent include the raw material of following parts by weight：It is 5-10 parts of chitosan, 5-10 parts of vitamin C, 1-5 parts of potassium sorbate, general
5-10 parts of Shandong orchid polysaccharide, 100-120 parts of sterile water, which additionally provides the preparation method of above-mentioned antifaling agent of edible fungus, will be upper
Raw material mixing is stated, ultrasonic disperse dispenses.Antistaling agent of the invention is directly sprayed onto the edible mushroom after picking after dilution
Surface, it is easy to use, it can be not only used for the fresh-keeping of packed aliquot edible mushroom, it can also be used to the guarantor of high-volume storage edible mushroom
It is fresh；Fresh-keeping at low cost, fresh keeping time is long, the antistaling storing phase of edible mushroom can be extended to 30 days, and quality control is good, sufficiently protects
The freshness and nutritional ingredient of edible mushroom are demonstrate,proved, safety and environmental protection without any side effects to human body meets people to edible mushroom
Diversified demand.But the invention is main fresh-keeping ingredient with chitosan, fresh-keeping effect is poor, and nutrient loss is tight
Weight.
Notification number is the Chinese invention patent of CN101766222B, discloses fresh-keeping liquid and its preparation side of a kind of edible mushroom
Method, the mass percent of each raw material are sodium acetate 0.05%-0.1%, sodium chloride 0.1%-0.2%, potassium sorbate 0.01%-
0.03%, ascorbic acid 0.02%-0.05%, acidic ph modifier 0.5%-3%, calcium preparation 0.2%-2%, chitosan
0.05%-0.1% dissolves above-mentioned raw materials in water.The present invention is used for edible fungus fresh-keeping, simple and easy to operate, and safety and sanitation,
It is of good preservation effect；But the invention fresh-keeping effect is poor, nutrient loss is serious.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of mushroom coating antistaling agent and preparation method thereof, which can be big
Width improves the fresh keeping time of mushroom, but also can reduce the loss of nutritional ingredient.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution：
A kind of mushroom coating antistaling agent, is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：30-40 parts of tea polyphenol extract liquid, modified evil spirit
20-30 parts of taro starch, 10-18 parts of chitin, 8-14 parts of enuatrol, 1-2 parts of benzoic acid, 1-3 parts of natamycin, 15-23 parts of water.
Preferably, it is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：32-38 parts of tea polyphenol extract liquid, modified konjaku starch 22-28
Part, 12-16 parts of chitin, 10-12 parts of enuatrol, 1.2-1.8 parts of benzoic acid, 1.2-2.8 parts of natamycin, 17-21 parts of water.
Preferably, it is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：35 parts of tea polyphenol extract liquid, 25 parts of modified konjaku starch, chitin
14 parts of matter, 11 parts of enuatrol, 1.5 parts of benzoic acid, 2 parts of natamycin, 19 parts of water.
Preferably, the extracting method of the tea polyphenols is：It takes the tealeaves after cleaning up to be put into ball mill, is ground to grain
Diameter is 100-180 mesh, is put into extraction element, and the water of 8-10 times of tealeaves parts by weight is added, and heating temperature is 40-50 DEG C, ultrasound
It extracts 40-60 minutes, tea polyphenol extract liquid is obtained by filtration.
Preferably, the preparation method of the modified konjaku starch is：Calgon is taken to be dissolved in the water of 100 times of its parts by weight
In, it stirs after calgon is completely dissolved, obtains sodium hexametaphosphate solution, six inclined phosphorus are added in sodium hexametaphosphate solution
The konjak starch of acid sodium solution parts by weight 30% mechanical stirring 6-8 hours, after its swelling, is dried to obtain konjak starch powder,
It reuses the sodium chloride solution that mass percentage concentration is 10-20% to clean 5-9 times, obtains modified konjaku starch after dry.
Preferably, it is 40 DEG C that whipping temp is controlled when mechanical stirring.
Preferably, churned mechanically container is blender, and the revolving speed of blender is 500-800r/min.
A kind of preparation method of mushroom coating antistaling agent, includes the following steps：
(1) raw material is weighed according to parts by weight；
(2) tea polyphenol extract liquid, modified konjaku starch, chitin, enuatrol, benzoic acid, natamycin and water are put into
It is stirred evenly in mulser, obtains mushroom coating antistaling agent.
Preferably, the operating temperature control in the step (2) in mulser is 50-65 DEG C.
Preferably, the operating temperature control in the step (2) in mulser is 57.5 DEG C.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：The mushroom coating antistaling agent can greatly improve the fresh keeping time of mushroom, but also can
To reduce the loss of nutritional ingredient；It is specific as follows：
(1) present invention is modified konjak starch, and modified konjak starch swelliong power, emulsifying capacity and viscosity are all
Enhanced, and the mechanical strength of the film of modified konjak starch formation is also enhanced, and the energy of bacteria attack is prevented
Power is also enhanced, but also can further suppress the metabolic activity of mushroom, improves its fresh-keeping effect.
(2) there are also glucomannan abundant and tremelloid chemical substances in konjak starch, have certain viscosity,
Antibacterial film can be formed on mushroom surface, prevent bacteria attack, extend fresh keeping time.
(3) present invention also added tea polyphenols, and tea polyphenols are the general name of polyphenol substance in tealeaves, including theine, flavonoids
The big substance of compound, anthocyanidin, phenolic acid etc. four, can significantly inhibit the growth and breeding of bacterium, be formed on mushroom surface
Layer protecting film prevents the pollution of microorganism, reduces loss of water, and tea polyphenols can inhibit the activity of enzyme in mushroom, prevent from becoming
Color guarantees appearance, can also prevent the oxidation of the substances such as the unsaturated fatty acid in mushroom from mushroom corruption and modified konjaku being caused to form sediment
Powder mutually acts synergistically, and can be further improved its fresh-keeping effect.
(4) present invention also added Natamycin, and natamycin has very in terms of inhibiting the growth of saccharomycete and mould
Strong effect, and the formation of aflatoxin and the formation of mycotoxin can also be prevented, in addition natamycin to human body without
Evil, and microorganism is difficult to generate resistance to it.
(5) present invention also added the substances such as chitin, and the nutriment of mushroom can be further prevented to be lost, avoid it
Appearance and fragrance change.
(6) present invention is stirred mixing to raw material using mulser, can play extraordinary dispersion effect, may be used also
So that material is more fine and smooth, the fresh-keeping effect of the film of its formation is improved.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific examples.These embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention and do not have to
In limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is related to a kind of mushroom coating antistaling agent, is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：Tea polyphenol extract liquid 30
Part, 20 parts of modified konjaku starch, 10 parts of chitin, 8 parts of enuatrol, 1 part of benzoic acid, 1 part of natamycin, 15 parts of water.
Wherein, the extracting method of tea polyphenols is：The tealeaves after cleaning up is taken to be put into ball mill, being ground to partial size is
100 mesh, are put into extraction element, and 8 times of tealeaves parts by weight of water is added, and heating temperature is 40 DEG C, ultrasonic extraction 40 minutes, filter
Obtain tea polyphenol extract liquid.
Wherein, the preparation method of modified konjaku starch is：It takes calgon to be dissolved in the water of 100 times of its parts by weight, stirs
It mixes after calgon is completely dissolved, obtains sodium hexametaphosphate solution, calgon is added in sodium hexametaphosphate solution
The konjak starch of solution weight part 30%, using blender mechanical stirring 6 hours, control whipping temp was 40 when mechanical stirring
DEG C, the revolving speed of blender is 500r/min, after its swelling, is dried to obtain konjak starch powder, reuses mass percentage concentration
It is cleaned 5 times for 10% sodium chloride solution, obtains modified konjaku starch after dry.
The present embodiment further relates to a kind of preparation method of mushroom coating antistaling agent, includes the following steps：
(1) raw material is weighed according to parts by weight；
(2) tea polyphenol extract liquid, modified konjaku starch, chitin, enuatrol, benzoic acid, natamycin and water are put into
It is stirred evenly in mulser, obtains mushroom coating antistaling agent；Wherein, the operating temperature control in mulser is 50 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is related to a kind of mushroom coating antistaling agent, is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：Tea polyphenol extract liquid 40
Part, 30 parts of modified konjaku starch, 18 parts of chitin, 14 parts of enuatrol, 2 parts of benzoic acid, 3 parts of natamycin, 23 parts of water.
Wherein, the extracting method of tea polyphenols is：The tealeaves after cleaning up is taken to be put into ball mill, being ground to partial size is
180 mesh, are put into extraction element, are added 10 times of tealeaves parts by weight of water, and heating temperature is 50 DEG C, and ultrasonic extraction 60 minutes, mistake
Filter obtains tea polyphenol extract liquid.
Wherein, the preparation method of modified konjaku starch is：It takes calgon to be dissolved in the water of 100 times of its parts by weight, stirs
It mixes after calgon is completely dissolved, obtains sodium hexametaphosphate solution, calgon is added in sodium hexametaphosphate solution
The konjak starch of solution weight part 30%, using blender mechanical stirring 8 hours, control whipping temp was 40 when mechanical stirring
DEG C, the revolving speed of blender is 800r/min, after its swelling, is dried to obtain konjak starch powder, reuses mass percentage concentration
It is cleaned 5 times for 20% sodium chloride solution, obtains modified konjaku starch after dry.
The present embodiment further relates to a kind of preparation method of mushroom coating antistaling agent, includes the following steps：
(1) raw material is weighed according to parts by weight；
(2) tea polyphenol extract liquid, modified konjaku starch, chitin, enuatrol, benzoic acid, natamycin and water are put into
It is stirred evenly in mulser, obtains mushroom coating antistaling agent；Wherein, the operating temperature control in the mulser is 65 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is related to a kind of mushroom coating antistaling agent, is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：Tea polyphenol extract liquid 32
Part, 22 parts of modified konjaku starch, 12 parts of chitin, 10 parts of enuatrol, 1.2 parts of benzoic acid, 1.2 parts of natamycin, 17 parts of water.
Wherein, the extracting method of the tea polyphenols is：It takes the tealeaves after cleaning up to be put into ball mill, is ground to partial size
It for 100 mesh, being put into extraction element, is added 8 times of tealeaves parts by weight of water, heating temperature is 40 DEG C, ultrasonic extraction 40 minutes, mistake
Filter obtains tea polyphenol extract liquid.
Wherein, the preparation method of the modified konjaku starch is：Calgon is taken to be dissolved in the water of 100 times of its parts by weight
In, it stirs after calgon is completely dissolved, obtains sodium hexametaphosphate solution, six inclined phosphorus are added in sodium hexametaphosphate solution
The konjak starch of acid sodium solution parts by weight 30%, using blender mechanical stirring 6 hours, control whipping temp was when mechanical stirring
40 DEG C, the revolving speed of blender is 500r/min, after its swelling, is dried to obtain konjak starch powder, it is dense to reuse quality percentage
Degree cleans 5 times for 10% sodium chloride solution, obtains modified konjaku starch after dry.
The present embodiment further relates to a kind of preparation method of mushroom coating antistaling agent, includes the following steps：
(1) raw material is weighed according to parts by weight；
(2) tea polyphenol extract liquid, modified konjaku starch, chitin, enuatrol, benzoic acid, natamycin and water are put into
It is stirred evenly in mulser, obtains mushroom coating antistaling agent；Wherein, the operating temperature control in the mulser is 50 DEG C.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment is related to a kind of mushroom coating antistaling agent, is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：Tea polyphenol extract liquid 38
Part, 28 parts of modified konjaku starch, 16 parts of chitin, 12 parts of enuatrol, 1.8 parts of benzoic acid, 2.8 parts of natamycin, 21 parts of water.
Wherein, the extracting method of the tea polyphenols is：It takes the tealeaves after cleaning up to be put into ball mill, is ground to partial size
It for 180 mesh, being put into extraction element, is added 10 times of tealeaves parts by weight of water, heating temperature is 50 DEG C, ultrasonic extraction 60 minutes,
Tea polyphenol extract liquid is obtained by filtration.
Wherein, the preparation method of the modified konjaku starch is：Calgon is taken to be dissolved in the water of 100 times of its parts by weight
In, it stirs after calgon is completely dissolved, obtains sodium hexametaphosphate solution, six inclined phosphorus are added in sodium hexametaphosphate solution
The konjak starch of acid sodium solution parts by weight 30%, using blender mechanical stirring 8 hours, control whipping temp was when mechanical stirring
40 DEG C, the revolving speed of blender is 800r/min, after its swelling, is dried to obtain konjak starch powder, it is dense to reuse quality percentage
Degree cleans 9 times for 20% sodium chloride solution, obtains modified konjaku starch after dry.
The present embodiment further relates to a kind of preparation method of mushroom coating antistaling agent, includes the following steps：
(1) raw material is weighed according to parts by weight；
(2) tea polyphenol extract liquid, modified konjaku starch, chitin, enuatrol, benzoic acid, natamycin and water are put into
It is stirred evenly in mulser, obtains mushroom coating antistaling agent；Wherein, the operating temperature control in the mulser is 65 DEG C.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment is related to a kind of mushroom coating antistaling agent, is made of the raw material of following parts by weight：Tea polyphenol extract liquid 35
Part, 25 parts of modified konjaku starch, 14 parts of chitin, 11 parts of enuatrol, 1.5 parts of benzoic acid, 2 parts of natamycin, 19 parts of water.
Wherein, the extracting method of the tea polyphenols is：It takes the tealeaves after cleaning up to be put into ball mill, is ground to partial size
It for 140 mesh, being put into extraction element, is added 9 times of tealeaves parts by weight of water, heating temperature is 45 DEG C, ultrasonic extraction 50 minutes, mistake
Filter obtains tea polyphenol extract liquid.
Wherein, the preparation method of the modified konjaku starch is：Calgon is taken to be dissolved in the water of 100 times of its parts by weight
In, it stirs after calgon is completely dissolved, obtains sodium hexametaphosphate solution, six inclined phosphorus are added in sodium hexametaphosphate solution
The konjak starch of acid sodium solution parts by weight 30%, using blender mechanical stirring 7 hours, control whipping temp was when mechanical stirring
40 DEG C, the revolving speed of blender is 650r/min, after its swelling, is dried to obtain konjak starch powder, it is dense to reuse quality percentage
Degree cleans 7 times for 15% sodium chloride solution, obtains modified konjaku starch after dry.
The present embodiment further relates to a kind of preparation method of mushroom coating antistaling agent, includes the following steps：
(1) raw material is weighed according to parts by weight；
(2) tea polyphenol extract liquid, modified konjaku starch, chitin, enuatrol, benzoic acid, natamycin and water are put into
It is stirred evenly in mulser, obtains mushroom coating antistaling agent；Wherein, the operating temperature control in the mulser is 57.5 DEG C.
Comparative example 1
Using antifaling agent of edible fungus made from Chinese invention patent application (Publication No. CN105285081A).
Comparative example 2
In addition to no tea polyphenol extract liquid, other raw materials, content and step are consistent with embodiment.
Comparative example 3
In addition to no modified konjaku starch, other raw materials, content are consistent with step and embodiment.
Comparative example 4
The method mixed material stirred using standard machinery, other raw materials, content and step are consistent with embodiment.
Mushroom is handled using the antistaling agent that above-described embodiment 1-5 and comparative example 1-4 are prepared, the method for processing
For：Take have no mechanical damage, cleaned up without mildew and rot mushroom after be put into antistaling agent and impregnate 1-2 minutes, respectively in room temperature ventilation
Environment in save and refrigeration environment in save, wherein the temperature of cold storage environment be 2-3 DEG C；Setting control group does not do any place
The mushroom of reason as a comparison case 5.Cosmetic variation situation, weight-loss ratio and perfume (or spice) after being saved 15 days under test holding time and cold storage environment
Taste situation of change, obtains that the results are shown in Table 1：
Table 1
As can be seen from the table, it acts synergistically, reaches desired by the present invention jointly between each each raw material of step in the present invention
Effect, lack step or change raw material can all make degradation obtained, in conjunction with comparative example 2, comparative example 3 and comparative example
4, it can be seen that tea polyphenol extract liquid, modified konjaku starch and stirring means are all to the fresh-keeping effect of antistaling agent in the present invention in the present invention
Fruit plays the role of vital, any one of lacks holding time and the nutritional ingredient that can all influence last mushroom.
The present invention passes through the compounding of tea polyphenol extract liquid and modified konjaku starch, allows tea polyphenols in the present invention steady
Fixed, long-term presence and mushroom surface, and modified konjaku starch as stabilizer and is adhered agent, Er Qiegai harmless to mushroom
Property konjak starch finally molding coating machinery intensity is good, density is high, and fresh-keeping effect is outstanding, can also avoid in mushroom nutrition at
The loss divided.
As can be seen from the table, embodiment 5 is highly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mushroom coating-film fresh-keeping that the present invention prepares
All be greatly improved for agent compared with the existing technology, refrigerated condition lower holding time maximum have reached 72 days relative to
The prior art improves 64 days；Room temperature lower holding time maximum has reached to be improved 31 days for 33 days compared with the existing technology；And
For antistaling agent of the invention at 15 days, appearance was still bright-coloured and without atrophy, and fragrance is still strong, it is meant that the nutritional ingredient of mushroom
Do not lose.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described above.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited to above-mentioned
Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make various deformations or amendments within the scope of the claims, this not shadow
Ring substantive content of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of mushroom coating antistaling agent, which is characterized in that be made of the raw material of following parts by weight：Tea polyphenol extract liquid 30-40
Part, 20-30 parts of modified konjaku starch, 10-18 parts of chitin, 8-14 parts of enuatrol, 1-2 parts of benzoic acid, 1-3 parts of natamycin,
15-23 parts of water.
2. mushroom coating antistaling agent according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be made of the raw material of following parts by weight：Tea
32-38 parts of polyphenol extracting solution, 22-28 parts of modified konjaku starch, 12-16 parts of chitin, 10-12 parts of enuatrol, benzoic acid 1.2-
1.8 parts, 1.2-2.8 parts of natamycin, 17-21 parts of water.
3. mushroom coating antistaling agent according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be made of the raw material of following parts by weight：Tea
35 parts of polyphenol extracting solution, 25 parts of modified konjaku starch, 14 parts of chitin, 11 parts of enuatrol, 1.5 parts of benzoic acid, natamycin 2
Part, 19 parts of water.
4. mushroom coating antistaling agent according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the extracting method of the tea polyphenols is：It takes
Tealeaves after cleaning up is put into ball mill, and being ground to partial size is 100-180 mesh, is put into extraction element, and tealeaves weight is added
The water of 8-10 times of part of amount, heating temperature are 40-50 DEG C, and ultrasonic extraction 40-60 minutes, tea polyphenol extract liquid is obtained by filtration.
5. mushroom coating antistaling agent according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the preparation method of the modified konjaku starch
For：It takes calgon to be dissolved in the water of 100 times of its parts by weight, stirs after calgon is completely dissolved, obtain six inclined phosphorus
The konjak starch of sodium hexametaphosphate solution parts by weight 30%, mechanical stirring 6-8 is added in acid sodium solution in sodium hexametaphosphate solution
Hour, after its swelling, it is dried to obtain konjak starch powder, reuses the sodium chloride solution that mass percentage concentration is 10-20%
Cleaning 5-9 times obtains modified konjaku starch after dry.
6. mushroom coating antistaling agent according to claim 5, which is characterized in that control whipping temp when the mechanical stirring
It is 40 DEG C.
7. mushroom coating antistaling agent according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the churned mechanically container is stirring
Machine, the revolving speed of blender are 500-800r/min.
8. the preparation method of mushroom coating antistaling agent described in a kind of any one of claim 1 to 7, which is characterized in that packet
Include following steps：
(1) raw material is weighed according to parts by weight；
(2) tea polyphenol extract liquid, modified konjaku starch, chitin, enuatrol, benzoic acid, natamycin and water are put into emulsification
It is stirred evenly in machine, obtains mushroom coating antistaling agent.
9. the preparation method of mushroom coating antistaling agent according to claim 8, which is characterized in that newborn in the step (2)
Operating temperature control in change machine is 50-65 DEG C.
10. the preparation method of mushroom coating antistaling agent according to claim 9, which is characterized in that newborn in the step (2)
Operating temperature control in change machine is 57.5 DEG C.
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