CN108847529B - Ferrite loaded wideband petal-shaped rectifying antenna - Google Patents
Ferrite loaded wideband petal-shaped rectifying antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN108847529B CN108847529B CN201810900720.1A CN201810900720A CN108847529B CN 108847529 B CN108847529 B CN 108847529B CN 201810900720 A CN201810900720 A CN 201810900720A CN 108847529 B CN108847529 B CN 108847529B
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- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- VUACHFWYFDCGJF-UNTBIKODSA-N (1r)-7-methoxy-1-[(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-2,2-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-1h-isoquinolin-2-ium-8-ol;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C[C@H]1[N+](C)(C)CCC2=CC=C(OC)C(O)=C21 VUACHFWYFDCGJF-UNTBIKODSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002223 garnet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- MTRJKZUDDJZTLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron yttrium Chemical compound [Fe].[Y] MTRJKZUDDJZTLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
- H01Q7/06—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop with core of ferromagnetic material
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- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a ferrite loaded wideband petal-shaped rectenna, which comprises a laminated upper substrate and a laminated lower substrate; two first circular through holes are formed in the upper substrate, and ferrite wafers are embedded in the first circular through holes; the upper surface of the upper substrate is provided with a feed microstrip line and a rectifying circuit; a first circular etching metal layer area is arranged on the lower surface of the upper substrate; the upper surface of the lower substrate is provided with a second circular etched metal layer area, and the second circular etched metal layer area is positioned right below the first circular etched metal layer area; a plurality of circular metallized through holes are formed in the lower substrate along the periphery of the second circular etched metal layer area to form a substrate integrated waveguide cavity; the lower surface of the lower substrate is etched with a radiating unit metal layer, the radiating unit metal layer comprises four annular metal layers, and each annular metal layer is petal-shaped. By loading low-loss ferrite with relatively high dielectric constant in the rectenna, the working frequency of the antenna is reduced and the volume of the antenna is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a ferrite loaded wideband petal-shaped rectenna.
Background
Due to the development of communication technology, radio frequency electromagnetic waves are greatly enriched around people, and compared with the sun, wind and the like, the radio frequency electromagnetic waves are not influenced by environmental and time factors, so that the radio frequency electromagnetic waves are stable energy sources; with the increasing maturity of ultra-low power consumption chip technology, the power consumption of devices such as a sensor, an MCU and the like is continuously reduced, and the collection of radio frequency electromagnetic wave energy in the surrounding environment is converted into electric energy, so that an effective and feasible novel energy supply mode is gradually realized. The receiving antenna receives the surrounding radio frequency energy, and then the surrounding radio frequency energy is converted into direct current energy through the rectifying circuit, and the receiving antenna and the rectifying circuit are combined together to form the rectifying antenna.
Since many communication signals such as WIFI, 2G, 3G, 4G and the like exist around people, 5G signals exist in the future, and research on dual-band, multi-band and wide-band rectenna has been paid attention to by many students. Various rectenna have been studied by several expert scholars at home and abroad to meet different requirements for wireless electromagnetic energy transmission and radio frequency electromagnetic energy collection, for example, 2014, juiHung Chou et al designed a 2.45GHz band rectenna with dimensions of 100mm x 3.8mm using microstrip antennas. In 2015, m.nie et al proposed a 2.45GHz band rectifying antenna based on a grounded coplanar waveguide GCPW, the antenna comprising a GCPW-based rectifying circuit and a wideband slot antenna fed with the GCPW, the overall size being 128mm×135mm; also, the rectenna has been provided with a reflecting plate at 0.18 wavelength from the antenna in order to increase the antenna gain, increasing the profile height and complexity of the antenna. In 2017, hao Honggang et al designed a rectenna using log-periodic cross dipole, capable of operating in three frequency bands of 1.85GHz, 2.15GHz and 2.45GHz, with an antenna area of 65mm by 65mm.
The existing rectenna is also large in size and is not beneficial to being practically used in small devices such as sensors.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a ferrite loaded wideband petal-shaped rectenna, which solves the technical problems that the rectenna in the prior art is large in size and is not beneficial to being practically used in small devices such as sensors.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to solve the technical problems:
A ferrite loaded wideband petal-shaped rectenna comprises an upper substrate and a lower substrate which are fixedly connected in a laminated manner; two first circular through holes are formed in the upper substrate, and ferrite wafers are embedded in the first circular through holes; the upper surface of the upper substrate is provided with a feed microstrip line and a rectifying circuit, and the microstrip line is connected with the rectifying circuit; a first circular etching metal layer area is arranged on the lower surface of the upper substrate; the upper surface of the lower substrate is provided with a second circular etching metal layer area, and the second circular etching metal layer area is positioned right below the first circular etching metal layer area and has the same size; a plurality of circular metallized through holes are formed on the lower substrate along the periphery of the second circular etched metal layer area, so as to form a substrate integrated waveguide cavity; the lower surface of the lower substrate is etched with a radiating element metal layer.
The radiating unit metal layers comprise four annular metal layers, the four annular metal layers are uniformly distributed in a radial manner, adjacent annular metal layers are not connected, and each annular metal layer is petal-shaped; the radiation unit metal layer is positioned in the projection of the second circular etching metal layer area and coincides with the center of the projection of the second circular etching metal layer area when being observed along the direction vertical to the lower surface of the lower substrate.
The low-loss ferrite with relatively high dielectric constant is loaded in the rectenna, so that the working frequency of the antenna is reduced, and the miniaturization of the antenna is realized. The microstrip line arranged on the upper surface of the upper substrate is connected with the rectification circuit printed on the upper surface, and the rectification circuit converts the radio frequency electric signal received by the antenna into direct current. The first circular etched metal layer area is tightly attached to the second circular etched metal layer area, energy is coupled to the lower layer from the microstrip line on the upper layer, the radiation unit can radiate electromagnetic waves in a wide frequency band, and the antenna gain is enhanced by the substrate integrated waveguide cavity formed by the circular metallized through hole array on the substrate on the lower layer of the antenna. By adopting such an antenna structure, a broadband rectenna having a relatively smaller volume is realized. The antenna has good radiation performance in the working frequency range.
Further improved, the thickness of the ferrite wafer is the same as the height of the first circular through hole.
Further improved, the rectifying circuit is positioned outside the projection of the first circular etched metal layer area when being observed along the direction vertical to the upper surface of the upper substrate, so that the influence of the rectifying circuit on communication is reduced.
Further improved, the plurality of circular metalized through holes are uniformly arranged along the periphery of the second circular etched metal layer and are in a circular array.
Further improved, the ferrite wafer is made of low-loss ferrite with relatively high dielectric constant.
Further improved, a part of each ferrite wafer is located outside the projection of the first circular etched metal layer area when seen in the direction perpendicular to the upper surface of the upper substrate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) Aiming at the problem that the volume of the existing rectenna is larger, the working frequency of the antenna is reduced and the volume of the antenna is reduced by loading low-loss ferrite with relatively high dielectric constant in the rectenna.
2) And the small-sized rectifying antenna with integrated circuit is realized by reasonably designing the antenna structure and the placement positions of ferrite and rectifying circuits.
3) The wideband rectifying antenna with good radiation performance is realized by comprehensively adopting the substrate integrated waveguide technology, the cross dipole technology and the like. The antenna can work in a wide frequency band, has the omnidirectional characteristic in a vertical plane pattern in the working frequency band, has the advantages of low profile, light weight, high gain, easiness in plane circuit integration and the like, and can be used for simultaneously collecting electromagnetic wave signal energy of mobile communication, wireless local area networks and the like in a wide frequency band range.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the upper surface of the upper substrate.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the lower surface of the upper substrate.
Fig. 4 is a schematic top surface view of a lower substrate.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the lower surface of the lower substrate.
Fig. 6 is a graph showing the variation of the reflection coefficient S11 with frequency.
Fig. 7 is a graph of antenna gain versus frequency for the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a 1.82GHz radiation pattern for an antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a 2.45GHz radiation pattern for an antenna of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects and technical solutions of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in connection with the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the ferrite-loaded wideband petal-shaped rectenna comprises an upper substrate 1 and a lower substrate 2 which are sequentially stacked. Two first circular through holes are formed in the upper substrate, and ferrite disks 3 are embedded in the first circular through holes; the upper surface of the upper substrate is provided with a feed microstrip line 4 and a rectifying circuit, and the microstrip line 4 is connected with the rectifying circuit; a first circular etching metal layer region 5 is provided on the lower surface of the upper substrate 1; a second circular etching metal layer area 6 is arranged on the upper surface of the lower substrate 2, and the second circular etching metal layer area 6 is positioned right below the first circular etching metal layer area 5 and has the same size; a plurality of circular metallized through holes 8 are formed along the periphery of the second circular etched metal layer area on the lower substrate 2 to form a substrate integrated waveguide cavity; the lower surface of the lower substrate 2 is etched with a radiating element metal layer 7.
The low-loss ferrite with relatively high dielectric constant is loaded in the rectenna, so that the working frequency of the antenna is reduced, and the miniaturization of the antenna is realized. The microstrip line arranged on the upper surface of the upper substrate is connected with the rectification circuit printed on the upper surface, and the rectification circuit converts the radio frequency electric signal received by the antenna into direct current. The first circular etched metal layer area is tightly attached to the second circular etched metal layer area, energy is coupled to the lower layer from the microstrip line on the upper layer, the radiation unit can radiate electromagnetic waves in a wide frequency band, and the antenna gain is enhanced by the substrate integrated waveguide cavity formed by the circular metallized through hole array on the substrate on the lower layer of the antenna. By adopting such an antenna structure, a broadband rectenna having a relatively smaller volume is realized. The antenna has good radiation performance in the working frequency range.
The heights of the first circular through holes with the thickness of the ferrite wafer 3 are the same.
And the rectifying circuit is positioned outside the projection of the first circular etched metal layer area when being observed along the direction vertical to the upper surface of the upper substrate, so that the influence of the rectifying circuit on communication is reduced.
The metal layers of the radiation unit 7 comprise four annular metal layers which are uniformly distributed in a radial manner, adjacent annular metal layers are not connected, and each annular metal layer is petal-shaped; the radiation unit metal layer is positioned in the projection of the second circular etching metal layer area and coincides with the center of the projection of the second circular etching metal layer area when being observed along the direction vertical to the lower surface of the lower substrate.
The plurality of circular metallized through holes are uniformly arranged along the periphery of the second circular etched metal layer.
And a part of each ferrite wafer is positioned outside the projection of the first circular etched metal layer area when being observed along the direction vertical to the upper surface of the upper substrate.
The invention is characterized in that the size parameters of the antenna are mutually influenced and restricted, the arrangement and the structural design of the antenna have larger influence on the performance of the antenna, the performance parameters of the antenna are required to be comprehensively researched in practical application according to the limitation of the performance requirement and the installation condition, the invention finally obtains the following preferred structural implementation mode through the balance of the size, the performance, the structural arrangement and the like of the antenna, and the structure of the invention has obvious progress effect as can be seen from the performance parameters of the following specific embodiments.
The preferable scheme of the invention is as follows: the upper substrate was a copper-clad substrate of a wide dielectric constant polytetrafluoroethylene glass cloth having a thickness of 1.5mm, the lower substrate was a copper-clad substrate of a wide dielectric constant polytetrafluoroethylene glass cloth having a thickness of 0.5mm, and the relative dielectric constant εr of both substrates was 2.2 and the loss tangent tan δ was 0.001.
The length and width of the antenna upper substrate are equal to the length L1 and the width W1 of the antenna lower substrate, and are 48mm and 48mm respectively; the width W2 of the microstrip line 4 is 2.3mm. The diameter of each circular metalized through hole is 2.2mm, and the distance between every two adjacent circular metalized through holes is 4.5mm; the radius R1 of the second circularly etched metal layer area 6 and the first circularly etched metal layer area 5 is equal to 20mm; each petal length R0 of the petal-shaped radiating element etched on the metal layer on the lower surface of the lower layer of the antenna is 18mm, and the maximum width W0 is 8mm. The ferrite disc 3 has a radius equal to 9mm and a thickness of 1.5mm, and is made of microwave Yttrium Iron Garnet (YIG) ferrite (saturation magnetization of ferrite 4 pi M s =1800 Gs, line width Δh=15oe).
Fig. 6 shows a simulation curve of the reflection coefficient S11 of the ferrite-loaded wideband petal-shaped rectenna along with the change of frequency, and in fig. 6, the simulation curve of the S11 parameter of the ferrite-unloaded petal-shaped rectenna under the same size is compared, which proves that when the corresponding S11 is smaller than-10 dB, the ferrite-loaded wideband petal-shaped rectenna works at 1.81-3.26 GHz, the ferrite-unloaded petal-shaped rectenna works at 1.93-3.0 GHz, and the ferrite-loaded wideband petal-shaped rectenna has lower working frequency and wider working frequency band, which means that the antenna size is smaller under the same frequency. As can be seen from the figure, the wideband antenna can be used to receive common mobile communication signals and wireless lan signals with operating frequencies in the frequency band, such as GSM1800 signals for chinese mobile, GSM1800 signals for chinese communication, wifi wireless lan signals, wiMAX wireless lan signals, 4G signals for chinese telecommunication/mobile/communication, etc.
Fig. 7 shows the gain of the antenna as a function of frequency, and as can be seen, the maximum gain of the ferrite loaded wideband petal-shaped rectenna can reach 4.1dBi in the observed frequency range. Meanwhile, the gain curves of the antenna, which are obtained when all ferrite of the upper substrate of the antenna is removed and other sizes are unchanged, are changed along with the frequency, and compared with the two curves, the gain curves of the two antennas are almost the same, and the low-loss ferrite has no influence on the radiation performance of the antenna basically after being loaded.
Fig. 8 and 9 show radiation patterns of the ferrite-loaded wideband petal-shaped rectenna in a vertical plane (a plane perpendicular to the antenna) and a horizontal plane, and the antenna has quasi-omni radiation characteristics in the vertical plane of the antenna at working frequency points of 1.82GHz, 2.45GHz and the like.
The present invention is not specifically described in the prior art or may be implemented by the prior art, and the specific embodiments described in the present invention are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Equivalent changes and modifications of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1.A ferrite loaded wideband petal-shaped rectenna is characterized by comprising an upper substrate and a lower substrate which are fixedly connected in a laminated manner;
Two first circular through holes are formed in the upper substrate, and ferrite wafers are embedded in the first circular through holes; the upper surface of the upper substrate is provided with a feed microstrip line and a rectifying circuit, and the microstrip line is connected with the rectifying circuit; a first circular etching metal layer area is arranged on the lower surface of the upper substrate;
the upper surface of the lower substrate is provided with a second circular etching metal layer area, and the second circular etching metal layer area is positioned right below the first circular etching metal layer area and has the same size; a plurality of circular metallized through holes are formed on the lower substrate along the periphery of the second circular etched metal layer area, so as to form a substrate integrated waveguide cavity; a radiation unit metal layer is etched on the lower surface of the lower substrate;
etching off the metal part positioned in the center of the substrate and having a circular shape, wherein the rest substrate part is an unetched part;
the radiating unit metal layers comprise four annular metal layers, the four annular metal layers are uniformly distributed in a radial manner, adjacent annular metal layers are not connected, and each annular metal layer is petal-shaped; the radiation unit metal layer is positioned in the projection of the second circular etching metal layer area and coincides with the center of the projection of the second circular etching metal layer area when being observed along the direction vertical to the lower surface of the lower substrate.
2. The ferrite-loaded wideband petaline rectenna of claim 1, wherein the ferrite disk has a thickness equal to a height of the first circular through hole.
3. Ferrite loaded wideband petaline rectenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the rectifying circuit is located outside the projection of the first circularly etched metal layer area, seen in a direction perpendicular to the upper surface of the upper substrate.
4. The ferrite-loaded wideband petaline rectenna of claim 3, wherein the plurality of circular metallized through holes are uniformly disposed along the outer periphery of the second circularly etched metal layer in a circular array.
5. The ferrite-loaded wideband petaline rectenna of claim 4, wherein a portion of each ferrite disk is located outside of the projection of the first circularly etched metal layer region as viewed in a direction perpendicular to the upper surface of the upper substrate.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810900720.1A CN108847529B (en) | 2018-08-08 | 2018-08-08 | Ferrite loaded wideband petal-shaped rectifying antenna |
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| CN201810900720.1A CN108847529B (en) | 2018-08-08 | 2018-08-08 | Ferrite loaded wideband petal-shaped rectifying antenna |
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| CN108847529A CN108847529A (en) | 2018-11-20 |
| CN108847529B true CN108847529B (en) | 2024-04-26 |
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| CN108847529B (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2024-04-26 | 南京信息职业技术学院 | Ferrite loaded wideband petal-shaped rectifying antenna |
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| CN208986182U (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2019-06-14 | 南京信息职业技术学院 | Ferrite loaded broadband rectifying antenna |
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2018
- 2018-08-08 CN CN201810900720.1A patent/CN108847529B/en active Active
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