CN108845349B - Energy-based arrangement width design method - Google Patents
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- CN108845349B CN108845349B CN201810618855.9A CN201810618855A CN108845349B CN 108845349 B CN108845349 B CN 108845349B CN 201810618855 A CN201810618855 A CN 201810618855A CN 108845349 B CN108845349 B CN 108845349B
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Abstract
The invention provides an energy-based array width design method, which comprises the following steps: step 1, establishing an optimal three-dimensional observation system design scheme according to geological and seismic data; step 2, performing forward lighting simulation calculation on each cannon, and recording the received energy of each line of each cannon; step 3, searching an extreme point of the derived Gaussian weighted energy curve according to the received energy obtained by calculation in the step 2, wherein the point is the optimal arrangement width corresponding to the shot point; and 4, counting the optimal arrangement width of each shot point by using the method in the step 3, and optimizing to obtain the optimal arrangement width suitable for the work area. The arrangement width design method based on energy fully considers the actual structural characteristics of the field work area, establishes a more accurate three-dimensional geological model based on the old data, comprehensively considers the acquisition cost, automatically optimizes and provides the arrangement width most suitable for the work area, and improves the field acquisition data quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seismic acquisition design, in particular to an arrangement width design method based on energy.
Background
The array width design is one of the important work of seismic acquisition, and determines the number of receiving lines, the aspect ratio and the like of an observation system, so that the quality of seismic acquisition is influenced. In the prior art, the idea of designing the arrangement width is basically the assumed idea of using a horizontal layered medium, and the requirement of the underground structure on the arrangement width is not considered, however, when the underground structure is complicated, such as a foreland basin zone, a zone with a complicated structure such as a mountain front zone, and the like, the design method cannot ensure to obtain the arrangement width required by the optimal imaging of the underground structure. Therefore, a new arrangement width design method based on energy is invented, and the technical problems are solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an energy-based array width design method for comprehensively designing optimal array width according to different illumination energies generated by underground structure characteristics.
The object of the invention can be achieved by the following technical measures: an energy-based array width design method, the energy-based array width design method comprising: step 1, establishing an optimal three-dimensional observation system design scheme according to geological and seismic data; step 2, performing forward lighting simulation calculation on each cannon, and recording the received energy of each line of each cannon; step 3, searching an extreme point of the derived Gaussian weighted energy curve according to the received energy obtained by calculation in the step 2, wherein the point is the optimal arrangement width corresponding to the shot point; and 4, counting the optimal arrangement width of each shot point by using the method in the step 3, and optimizing to obtain the optimal arrangement width suitable for the work area.
The object of the invention can also be achieved by the following technical measures:
in step 1, a three-dimensional geological model of a work area is established according to previous geological and seismic profile data, a target horizon is determined according to an exploration geological target, and an optimal three-dimensional observation system design scheme is established on the basis of analyzing previous old data and performing parameter demonstration.
In the step 1, the arrangement width of the established optimal three-dimensional observation system design scheme is wider than that adopted in actual production, so that the later degradation analysis is facilitated.
In step 2, forward illumination simulation calculation is performed on each shot by adopting a wave equation forward illumination simulation or Gaussian beam forward illumination simulation method, and the received energy of each line of each shot is recorded.
In step 3, according to the received energy calculated in step 2, a relation curve of the arrangement width and the total energy, a relation curve of the arrangement width and the average energy, and a relation curve of the arrangement width and the gaussian weighted energy are established, an optimization model among the three is established, and an extreme point of the derived gaussian weighted energy curve is searched, wherein the point is the optimal arrangement width corresponding to the shot point.
In step 3, the illumination energy of all receiving lines of each cannon is extracted, and the total energy curve calculation formula is as follows:
wherein: i represents a shot line number, j represents a shot point number, k represents a receiving line number, and N represents a detection point number; ei,j,kRepresenting the total energy of k receive lines, arranged with a width k times the receive line spacing, Ri,j,kRepresenting the energy of the k-th received line.
In step 3, the illumination energy of all receiving lines of each cannon is extracted, and the calculation formula of the average energy curve is as follows:
wherein: pi,j,mRepresenting the average energy of k receive lines, the arrangement width being k times the receive line spacing, Ri,j,kRepresenting the energy of the k-th received line.
In step 3, the illumination energy of all receiving lines of each cannon is extracted, and the Gaussian weighted energy curve calculation formula is as follows:
Hi,j,k＝(ω1·Ei,j,k+ω2·Pi,j,k)' (3)
i.e. the total energy received at k lines is weighted with the average energy and derived, where ω is1,ω2The weight coefficient is determined by the following Gaussian function, namely formula 4, wherein the key x is the variance value after the normalization of the total energy and the average energy, the weight coefficient with large variance is small, and the weight coefficient with small variance is large;
where ω is a weighting coefficient, μ is the mean of the total or average energy, and σ is the variance of the total or average energy, respectively.
In step 4, the method in step 3 is utilized to simulate the field blasting process, count the optimal arrangement width of each shot point, comprehensively consider the construction cost factors and optimize to give the optimal arrangement width suitable for the work area.
In step 4, the optimal arrangement widths of all the simulated excitation points are respectively calculated, and all the calculated optimal arrangement widths are counted, wherein the arrangement width with the highest occurrence frequency is the arrangement width of the most suitable work area.
The energy-based arrangement width design method is a design method provided aiming at the structural characteristics of complex mountainous regions, and is particularly suitable for the arrangement width design of regions with severe surface relief and complex underground structures, such as broken zones of land basin, mountain zones with complex structures, bedrock exposed regions and the like. The invention solves the problem of the design of the arrangement width under the complex construction condition, and establishes an optimization model between different arrangement widths and the illumination energy of a receiving line by searching the relation between the different arrangement widths and the illumination energy of the receiving line on the basis of seismic wave forward illumination simulation, thereby obtaining the optimal arrangement width.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional model of a work area for an experiment in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of three energies versus the width of the array in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating the optimal arrangement width of shot points at different positions according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an embodiment of an energy-based permutation width design method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
As shown in fig. 4, fig. 4 is a flow chart of the energy-based arrangement width designing method of the present invention.
And 102, performing forward illumination simulation calculation on each cannon by adopting a wave equation forward illumination simulation or Gaussian beam forward illumination simulation method, and recording the received energy of each cannon per line.
And 103, establishing a relation curve of the arrangement width and the total energy, a relation curve of the arrangement width and the average energy, and a relation curve of the arrangement width and the Gaussian weighted energy according to the energy obtained by calculation in the step 102, establishing an optimization model among the relation curves, the arrangement width and the average energy, and searching an extreme point of the differentiated energy curve, wherein the point is the optimal arrangement width corresponding to the shot point.
Wherein, the illumination energy of all receiving lines of each cannon is extracted, and the following three energy curves are established:
the total energy curve calculation formula is as follows:
wherein: i represents a shot line number, and j represents a shot point number; ei,j,kRepresenting the total energy received by k lines, arranged with the width k times the receive line spacing, Ri,j,kRepresenting the energy of the k-th received line.
The average energy curve calculation formula is as follows:
wherein: pi,j,kRepresenting the average energy received by k lines, arranged with a width k times the received line distance, Ri,j,kRepresenting the energy of the k-th received line.
The gaussian weighted energy curve calculation formula is as follows:
Hi,j,k＝(ω1·Ei,j,k+ω2·Pi,j,k)'
(3)
i.e. the total energy of k lines is weighted and summed with the average energy and derived. Wherein ω is1,ω2The weight coefficient is determined by the following Gaussian function, wherein the key x is the variance value after the normalization of the total energy and the average energy, the weight coefficient with large variance is small, and the weight coefficient with small variance is large.
Where ω is a weighting coefficient, μ is the mean of the total or average energy, and σ is the variance of the total or average energy, respectively.
And step 104, simulating the field blasting process by using the method in the step 103, counting the optimal arrangement width of each shot point, comprehensively considering factors such as construction cost and the like, and automatically optimizing to give the optimal arrangement width suitable for the work area.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, a three-dimensional geological model of a work area is established according to previous geological data, seismic profiles and other data, as shown in figure 1, a target layer position is determined according to an exploration geological target, and a three-dimensional observation system which is sufficiently optimized is established on the basis of analyzing the previous data and carrying out parameter demonstration, so that the later degradation analysis is facilitated.
(2) And performing forward illumination simulation calculation on each shot by adopting a wave equation forward illumination simulation or Gaussian ray beam forward illumination simulation method, and recording the received energy of each line of each shot.
(3) And (3) according to the energy data obtained by the calculation in the step (2), establishing a relation curve between the arrangement width and the total energy by using a formula 1, and establishing a relation curve between the arrangement width and the average energy by using a formula 2, as shown in fig. 2.
(4) The total energy and the average energy curve are normalized, the variance is respectively calculated, the variance value is taken as x and is substituted into a formula 4, a weighting coefficient is obtained, and a relation curve of the arrangement width and the Gaussian weighted energy is established by using a formula 3, as shown in fig. 2.
(5) Finding the extreme point of the gaussian weighted energy curve derived by formula 3, which is the optimal arrangement width of the shot, calculating the optimal arrangement widths of all simulated excitation points respectively, and counting all the calculated optimal arrangement widths, wherein the arrangement width with the highest occurrence frequency is the arrangement width of the most suitable work area, as shown in fig. 3.
The method for designing the arrangement width based on the energy solves the problems that most of the existing ideas for designing the arrangement width of a complicated underground geological structure area are only based on the assumption of a horizontal layered medium, the relation between the underground actual geological structure and the arrangement width is not considered, the actual structure characteristics of a field work area are fully considered, a more accurate three-dimensional geological model is established based on the old data, the acquisition cost is comprehensively considered, the arrangement width which is most suitable for the work area is automatically optimized, and the field acquisition data quality is improved.
Claims (7)
1. The energy-based array width design method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, establishing a three-dimensional geological model of a work area according to geological and seismic data, determining a target layer position according to an exploration geological target, and establishing an optimal three-dimensional observation system design scheme on the basis of analyzing old data and performing parameter demonstration;
step 2, forward illumination simulation calculation is carried out on each cannon by adopting a wave equation forward illumination simulation or Gaussian beam forward illumination simulation method, and the received energy of each cannon on each line is recorded;
step 3, searching an extreme point of the derived Gaussian weighted energy curve according to the received energy obtained by calculation in the step 2, wherein the point is the optimal arrangement width corresponding to the shot point; extracting the illumination energy of all receiving lines of each cannon, wherein a Gaussian weighted energy curve calculation formula is as follows:
Hi,j,k＝(ω1·Ei,j,k+ω2·Pi,j,k)' (3)
i.e. the total energy received at k lines is weighted with the average energy and derived, where ω is1,ω2The weight coefficient is determined by the following Gaussian function, namely formula 4, wherein the key x is the variance value after the normalization of the total energy and the average energy, the weight coefficient with large variance is small, and the weight coefficient with small variance is large;
where ω is a weighting coefficient, and specifically, ω is calculated1Is of the formula
Calculate ω2Is of the formula
μ1Mean of the total energy received for k lines, σ1Variance of received total energy, μ, for k lines2Average value of the mean energy received for k lines, σ2The variance of the mean energy received for k lines;
and 4, counting the optimal arrangement width of each shot point by using the method in the step 3, and optimizing to obtain the optimal arrangement width suitable for the work area, wherein the arrangement width with the highest occurrence frequency is the arrangement width of the most suitable work area.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 1, the array width of the optimal three-dimensional observation system design is wider than the array width used in actual production, so as to facilitate the analysis of the degradation in the later period.
3. The energy-based arrangement width design method according to claim 1, wherein in step 3, according to the received energy calculated in step 2, a relation curve between the arrangement width and the total energy, a relation curve between the arrangement width and the average energy, and a relation curve between the arrangement width and the gaussian weighted energy are established, an optimization model among the three is established, and an extreme point of the derived gaussian weighted energy curve is found, wherein the extreme point is the optimal arrangement width corresponding to the shot point.
4. The energy-based spread width designing method of claim 3, wherein in step 3, the illumination energy of all the receiving lines of each shot is extracted, and the total energy curve is calculated as follows:
wherein: i tableThe line number of the shot is shown, j represents the number of the shot point, k represents the number of the receiving line, and N represents the number of the detection point; ei，j，kRepresenting the total energy of k receive lines, arranged with a width k times the receive line spacing, Ri，j，kRepresenting the energy of the k-th received line.
5. The energy-based array width designing method of claim 4, wherein in step 3, the illumination energy of all the receiving lines of each shot is extracted, and the average energy curve is calculated as follows:
wherein: pi,j,kRepresenting the average energy of k receive lines, the arrangement width being k times the receive line spacing, Ri,j,kRepresenting the energy of the k-th received line.
6. The energy-based array width design method of claim 1, wherein in step 4, the method of step 3 is used to simulate the field blasting process, count the optimal array width of each shot point, and optimize the optimal array width suitable for the work area by comprehensively considering the construction cost factor.
7. The energy-based arrangement width design method of claim 1, wherein in step 4, the optimal arrangement widths of all the simulated excitation points are calculated respectively, and all the calculated optimal arrangement widths are counted, and the arrangement width with the highest occurrence frequency is the arrangement width of the most suitable work area.
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