CN108844743B

CN108844743B - Vehicle stability experimental device

Info

Publication number: CN108844743B
Application number: CN201810622446.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴志强; 张慧跃; 段绪星
Original assignee: Tianjin University
Current assignee: Tianjin University
Priority date: 2018-06-15
Filing date: 2018-06-15
Publication date: 2020-09-11
Anticipated expiration: 2038-06-15
Also published as: CN108844743A

Abstract

The invention discloses a vehicle stability experimental device, comprising: the road simulation system mainly comprises a belt, a roller, a direct current motor and the like; the experimental apparatus further comprises: the vehicle model is a scaling model similar to an actual vehicle structure, and the specific types comprise: automobile models, train models, motorcycle models, aircraft models, and the like; the experimental apparatus further comprises: the system comprises a data acquisition system, a tension sensor and a signal amplifier are arranged at the tail end of an experiment platform, the tension sensor is connected with a vehicle model through a thin traction rope, and an upper computer connected with the outside acquires tension data of the vehicle model through a data acquisition card; a grid laser fixed on the support measures the real-time lateral displacement and attitude of the vehicle model. The invention can carry out stability experiments on various vehicle models, provides basic conditions for the research of vehicle instability phenomena and instability mechanisms, has wide application range and feasibility.

Description

Vehicle stability experimental device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of ground dynamics experiments of transport means, in particular to a vehicle stability experiment device.

Background

With the increase of the vehicle running speed, the research on the vehicle dynamics is very important. Vehicle instability not only affects ride comfort, but also can lead to serious consequences of vehicle damage and death. Therefore, vehicle stability, which is one of the most basic indicators of vehicle dynamic performance, is a problem that is considered first in vehicle dynamics research. The critical speed of vehicle instability and the instability mechanism are the main contents of the research on the stability of the vehicle, the former determines the maximum allowable speed of the vehicle, and the latter plays an important guiding role in controlling and preventing the vehicle instability.

Because the critical speed of instability of an actual vehicle is often very high, if a required result is obtained through an actual vehicle experiment, irreparable loss can be brought to an experimental device and experimental equipment, and very serious results can be caused. Therefore, the actual vehicle instability test is extremely rare. However, to clarify the mechanism of the destabilization, it is necessary to obtain and analyze the vehicle behavior data after the destabilization. Therefore, an experimental device for researching vehicle instability and behavior after the vehicle instability is urgently needed, and theoretical support and technical guidance are provided for controlling and preventing the vehicle instability and improving the instability critical speed of the vehicle.

In order to reduce the damage of vehicle instability experiments and control the cost of experimental research, the development of a vehicle stability experimental device based on a vehicle scaling model is a feasible technical scheme. The establishment of the experimental device not only can provide basic conditions for the research of vehicle instability phenomena and instability mechanisms, but also can accumulate valuable experience for the development of subsequent real vehicle instability experimental devices and the formulation of experimental schemes.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a vehicle stability experimental device, which can be used for studying instability critical speed and instability type of a vehicle and demonstrating vehicle instability phenomenon, is helpful for disclosing a dynamic mechanism of vehicle instability, and is described in detail as follows:

a vehicle stability experiment apparatus, comprising: road simulation system

The road simulation system mainly comprises a belt, rollers and a direct current motor, wherein the belt is sleeved on the rollers at the front end and the rear end, the roller at the front end is connected with the direct current motor through a conveyor belt, and the direct current motor is connected with a motor controller through a lead;

the motor controller is connected with the PLC module through a wire, the PLC module is connected with the speed display module, and the speed display module displays the current belt speed;

further, the PLC module is a Mitsubishi PLC module.

The experimental apparatus further comprises: a vehicle model;

the vehicle model is a scaling model similar to an actual vehicle structure, and the specific types comprise: automobile models, train models, motorcycle models, aircraft models, and the like.

The experimental apparatus further comprises: a data acquisition system;

a tension sensor and a signal amplifier are arranged at the tail end of the experiment platform, the tension sensor is connected with the vehicle model through a thin traction rope to acquire tension signals in real time, the signal amplifier amplifies the signals, and an upper computer connected externally acquires tension data of the vehicle model through a data acquisition card; a laser fixed on the bracket is used for measuring the real-time transverse displacement and the attitude of the vehicle model.

Further, the laser is a grid laser;

the technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. a motor control system of an experimental platform is developed by utilizing a PLC technology, so that acceleration, deceleration and uniform-speed running of a vehicle model can be realized;

2. the real driving scene of the vehicle is simulated through the design of the road simulation system, and different road conditions can be simulated to a certain extent by using belts made of different materials;

3. the transverse restoring force generated by the traction rope can simulate the behavior of an actual automobile driver so as to research the relation between the instability critical speed and the behavior of the driver;

4. the real-time data such as transverse displacement and posture required in the vehicle stability research can be obtained by using the grid projected by the grid laser and combining the image processing technology;

5. the tension sensor can effectively acquire tension data required by vehicle stability research.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a general configuration diagram of a vehicle stability experiment apparatus;

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a laser grid motion measurement of an automobile model;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of train model laser grid movement measurement.

In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:

1: a belt; 2: a direct current motor;

3: a PLC module; 4: a speed display module;

5: a motor controller; 6: a front end drum;

7: a camera; 8: a grid laser;

9: a laser holder; 10: a support table;

11: a tension sensor and a signal amplifier; 12: a rear end drum;

13: a hauling rope; 14: and (3) a vehicle model.

Wherein, the devices 1-13 jointly form the experimental device.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below.

In order to solve the problems in the background art, the experimental device designed in the embodiment of the present invention needs to implement the following functions:

1) the speed of the belt 1 is adjustable, and various speed requirements of a vehicle model 14 can be met;

2) the data acquisition system taking the grid laser as the core can effectively acquire data such as real-time transverse displacement, posture, tension and the like of the vehicle model;

example 1

Referring to fig. 1, the vehicle stability experiment apparatus includes: the device comprises a belt 1, a direct current motor 2, a PLC module 3 (such as a Mitsubishi PLC module), a speed display module 4, a motor controller 5, a front end roller 6, a camera 7, a grid laser 8, a laser support 9, a support table 10, a tension sensor and signal amplifier 11, a rear end roller 12, a traction rope 13 and a vehicle model 14. Wherein the above-mentioned devices 1-13 are combined together to form an experimental platform.

Wherein, direct current motor 2 fixes on a supporting bench 10, and a cylinder (front end cylinder 6 and rear end cylinder 12 promptly) is installed respectively at both ends around a supporting bench 10, and belt 1 overlaps on the cylinder at both ends around, and front end cylinder 6 passes through the conveyer belt to be connected with direct current motor 2, and direct current motor 2 passes through the wire and links to each other with motor controller 5, and PLC module 3 all is connected through the wire with speed display module 4 and motor controller 5.

The PLC module 4 is a control core of the whole experiment platform; the speed display module 4 displays the current belt speed.

Furthermore, the tension sensor and signal amplifier 11 is used for acquiring tension data of the single chip microcomputer vehicle model, and the grid laser 8 is used for measuring data of the vehicle model such as real-time transverse displacement and posture.

In summary, the vehicle stability experiment device designed in the embodiment of the invention provides theoretical support and technical guidance for controlling and preventing vehicle instability and improving the vehicle instability critical speed, and reduces various costs for experimental research on the vehicle instability critical speed.

Example 2

The scheme of example 1 is further described below in the context of an automobile, as described in detail below:

referring to fig. 1, when the power supply of the experimental platform is turned on, the mitsubishi PLC module 3 runs a PLC program, outputs a voltage signal to the motor controller 5 through a/D conversion, and simultaneously displays a speed value on the speed display module 4, at this time, the direct current motor 2 of the experimental platform is started, and the belt 1 starts to run.

In the working process, the grid laser 8 projects grid lines with a certain area to the experimental platform (formed by the devices 1-13), as shown in fig. 2, the specific size and the total projected area of each grid are measured, the grid lines are marked on the vehicle model, the experimental platform is shot by the camera, and the real-time transverse displacement and the posture of the vehicle model can be obtained by utilizing an image processing technology. Meanwhile, the tension sensor and the signal amplifier 11 collect tension signals in real time and amplify the tension signals, and an upper computer connected externally collects the tension data through a data acquisition card (also connected externally).

By changing the length of the hauling rope connected with the automobile model 14 and repeating the above processes, the tension data under different rope length conditions can be obtained.

After the experimental data are collected, the experimental data are subjected to subsequent processing, the traction force and the transverse lateral deviation force of the automobile model can be calculated by combining the transverse lateral deviation angle and the tension data of the automobile model, a curve of the transverse displacement of the automobile along with the change of the speed of the automobile is drawn according to the existing data, and the curve can determine the instability critical speed of the automobile and the instability type of the automobile system.

Example 3

The scheme of example 1 is further described in the train scenario below, which is described in detail below:

In the working process, the grid laser 8 projects grid lines with a certain area to the experimental platform (formed by the devices 1-13), as shown in fig. 3, the specific size and the total projected area of each grid are measured, each carriage of the train model is marked, the experimental platform is shot by the camera, and the real-time transverse displacement and posture of the train model can be obtained by utilizing an image processing technology. Meanwhile, the tension sensor and the signal amplifier 11 collect tension signals in real time and amplify the tension signals, and an upper computer connected externally collects the tension data through a data acquisition card (also connected externally).

By changing the length of the pull rope connected to the train model 14 and repeating the above process, tension data can be obtained for different rope lengths.

After the experimental data are collected, the experimental data are subjected to subsequent processing, a curve of the transverse displacement of the train model changing along with the train speed is drawn according to the existing data, and the curve can determine the instability critical speed of the train and the instability type of the train system.

In specific implementation, the length and the repetition times of the traction rope are not limited, and are set according to the requirements in practical application.

The methods in

embodiments

1 and 2 are also applicable to stability experiments of any type of ground vehicles (including aircraft in ground taxiing state), and the experimental methods and steps are similar to those of stability experiments in automobile and train scenes, and thus are not described again.

In the embodiment of the present invention, except for the specific description of the model of each device, the model of other devices is not limited, as long as the device can perform the above functions.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are only schematic illustrations of preferred embodiments, and the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely provided for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. A vehicle stability experiment apparatus, comprising: a road simulation system, characterized in that,

the motor controller is connected with the PLC module through a wire, the PLC module is connected with the speed display module, and the speed display module is used for displaying the current belt speed;

the experimental apparatus further comprises: a vehicle model;

the vehicle model is a scaling model similar to an actual vehicle structure, and the specific types comprise: automobile models, train models, motorcycle models, and aircraft models;

the experimental apparatus further comprises: a data acquisition system;

a tension sensor and a signal amplifier are arranged at the tail end of the experiment platform, the tension sensor is connected with the vehicle model through a thin traction rope to acquire tension signals in real time, the signal amplifier amplifies the signals, and an upper computer connected externally acquires tension data of the vehicle model through a data acquisition card; the laser fixed on the bracket is used for measuring the real-time transverse displacement and the attitude of the vehicle model;

wherein, the experimental apparatus further comprises:

the laser projects grid lines with a certain area, measures the specific size and the total projected area of each grid, and marks the grid lines on the vehicle model;

shooting the experiment platform by the camera, and acquiring real-time transverse displacement and posture of the vehicle model by using an image processing technology;

the tension sensor collects tension signals in real time, the signals are amplified through a signal amplifier, and an upper computer connected with the outside collects the tension data through a data acquisition card;

tension data under different rope length conditions can be obtained by changing the length of a traction rope connected with the vehicle model and repeating the process;

and drawing a curve of the transverse displacement of the vehicle model along with the change of the vehicle speed according to the existing data, wherein the curve can determine the instability critical speed of the vehicle and can also determine the instability type of the train system.

2. The vehicle stability experiment apparatus according to claim 1,

the laser is a grid laser;

the PLC module is a Mitsubishi PLC module.