CN108843516B - Envelope structure with drag reducer on outer surface - Google Patents
Envelope structure with drag reducer on outer surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN108843516B CN108843516B CN201810645615.8A CN201810645615A CN108843516B CN 108843516 B CN108843516 B CN 108843516B CN 201810645615 A CN201810645615 A CN 201810645615A CN 108843516 B CN108843516 B CN 108843516B
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- annular groove
- building enclosure
- tower
- resistance absorber
- resistance
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
- F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/96—Preventing, counteracting or reducing vibration or noise
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an enclosure structure with a drag reducer on the outer surface, wherein the drag reducer comprises an annular groove which is arranged around the outer surface of the enclosure structure along the circumferential direction, the section of the annular groove is arc-shaped, a ridge-shaped annular rib is formed between the upper annular groove and the lower annular groove, the annular rib comprises a rigid ridge and an elastic cavity or a solid elastomer or a flexible cavity or a solid flexible body below the ridge, and the drag reducer comprises an annular rib; the space enclosing structure is provided with a resistance reducing device in at least partial height range. The arc-shaped groove wall conducts disorder guidance to the momentum direction of upward incoming flow, and the downwind resistance and the amplitude are reduced. The ridge can cut off and divide the incoming flow into the upper groove and the lower groove in a peaked and favorable manner, thereby inhibiting the occurrence of the burst process of a turbulent boundary layer and reducing the resistance. The cavity below the ridge is an elastic and flexible cavity or a solid elastic and flexible body, can be deformed under the action of incoming flow, transfers and consumes the energy of the incoming flow to two sides, and can eliminate or reduce the pressure difference between the windward side and the leeward side and reduce the resistance in the downwind direction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to building enclosure technical fields, and in particular to a kind of outer surface is equipped with the building enclosure of resistance absorber.
Background technique
Fig. 1-1 is please referred to, Fig. 1-1 is that wind-power electricity generation equipment constitutes schematic diagram.
The basis of wind-power electricity generation equipment is tower 10, plays carrying to complete machine, goes along with sb. to guard him.As an example, with a circle
For section tower 10, tower 10 can be steel cylinder, be also possible to the combination of steel cylinder Yu concrete tower.Tower 10 carries wind
The cabin 30 of power power generating equipment, generator, impeller 20.By impeller 20 and generating set at wind power generating set complete to obtain wind
It can and be converted to the task of electric energy.The electric energy being converted to is transmitted through power transmission cable 40 or power Transmission main pipe, as shown in the figure
Power transmission cable 40 after the extraction of cabin 30 by the cable retainer ring spacing at the top of tower 10, cable retaining ring is fixed on cable gear
Fixed plate 50 is enclosed, then the inner wall after saddle camber bracket 60 along tower 100 hangs down to converter cabinet 70.The lower end of tower 10 is also
Equipped with tower door 80.
Switchgear control of the electric energy obtained Jing Guo wind power generating set is converted, it is defeated by power transmission cable 40 or electric power
The current transformer (in converter cabinet 70) for sending main pipe conductors carry extremely to complete electric power transformation of electrical energy task, after being handled using current transformer
It can get the electric energy that rule requirement can be docked with power grid.Therefore, the tower 10 of wind-power electricity generation equipment can be described as being wind-power electricity generation
Tower bar, wind power generating set equipment in mainly play a supportive role.
Meanwhile tower 10 carries the wind loads on structure generated by cabin 30, impeller 20, generator or thus causes with the wind
To vibration and beam wind to vibration, it may be assumed that wind-induced structural vibration problem.
Fig. 1-2 is please referred to, Fig. 1-2 is the schematic diagram of tower segmental hoisting.
The general segmentation installation at present of tower 10, as shown in Fig. 2, as an example, sequentially consist of the first tower segments 11,
Second tower segments 12, third tower segments 13, the 4th tower segments 14, the 5th tower segments 15.In the installation process of wind-power electricity generation equipment,
The first tower segments 11 are installed on the foundation 90 of tower 10 first, then other tower segments are lifted paragraph by paragraph, mutual
After connection, 10 top (the 5th tower segments 15 in Fig. 2) of tower is connect, cabin 30 and generator with the yaw system of cabin 30
Docking, generator (or gear-box) are docked with impeller 20 again.
Specific hoisting process is as follows:
Before lifting tower 10, the foundation ring for the foundation 90 that first cleaning is connect with the first tower segments 11, more bolts
It is placed at foundation ring inner ring after putting the oil at (such as 120) screw thread, while the control cabinet that wind-power electricity generation is equipped is hung in into foundation ring
It is interior；
To the upper end mounting hanger of the first tower segments 11, hangs to undertake by master herein and 11 upper end of the first tower segments is sling,
Also the task of slinging that undertakes being hung by tower is auxiliary herein to the lower end mounting hanger of the first tower segments 11 simultaneously, two cranes lift by crane simultaneously,
It is main to hang the height for promoting 11 upper end of the first tower segments after the height of the first tower segments 11 is greater than the first 11 maximum gauge of tower segments
Degree, auxiliary hang stop, auxiliary hang are removed after the first tower segments 11 hang position perpendicular to the ground, lays down 11 lower end of the first tower segments
Suspender；
After the flange face of first tower segments 11 is connected, bolt is worn from the bottom up, with using electric wrench after good nut
It tightens, 3 times processes at least is tightened to nut implementation and (after the completion of whole typhoon power power generating equipment lifting process, then are pulled with torque
Hand implements the moment values for being tightened to requirement to tower attaching nut)；
Remaining tower segments is identical as 11 hoisting process of the first tower segments, quasi- after the tower segments rigging out of uppermost
Standby lifting cabin.
The above docking, the installation procedure connected are all in the situation unpredictable to the small territorial environment local wind of wind power plant
Lower development construction.Therefore, in lifting installation process, the indefinite fitful wind of size variation or lasting small wind can be often encountered, and such as
Upper described, these fitful winds or sustained wind are possible to destroy building enclosure stabilization to tower induced vibration, jeopardize the live person and set
Standby safety postpones installation period.For example, the 4th tower segments 14 have vibration after the 4th tower segments 14 of lifting, lead to the 5th tower
Cylinder section 15 can not be aligned；Even, the bolt of fastening may be broken under shock effect, to jeopardize safety.
Currently, wind-powered electricity generation industry hoisting process engineering safety requires clear stipulaties: wind speed forbids blade group to hang when being greater than 6m/s
Dress；Wind speed forbids cabin to lift when being greater than 8m/s；Wind speed forbids tower to lift when being greater than 10m/s.As it can be seen that on-site hoisting progress,
Installation period is obviously limited by regional area wind regime.For the construction of High aititude, high mountain region wind power plant, the duration is more
It is susceptible to influence.
The tower height of modern large size MW grade wind driven generator unit up to 60~100m, be equipped at the top of tower 10 mainframe,
The main components such as slave frame, wheel hub and blade (i.e. impeller 20).When wind power generating set is run, load that tower 10 is subject in addition to
It, will also be by natural wind action, including down wind outside the dynamic loading that gravity and the wind wheel rotation that top components generate generate
With beam wind to two kinds of action modes.Wind movable vane wheel can generate moment of flexure and power to tower when rotating, this to be generated by down wind
Moment of flexure and power are the main reason for tower 10 are destroyed.Wind, which bypasses the vortex generated when tower 10, can also cause to send out tower 10
The oscillation crosswise that raw resonance destroys.
Pairs of, alternately arranged and opposite direction of rotation opposition is generated when blowing air over tower 10, at left and right sides of wake flow
Claim whirlpool, i.e. Von Karman vortices.Whirlpool is detached from tower 10 with certain frequency, makes tower 10 that the oscillation crosswise perpendicular to wind direction occur,
The also referred to as oscillation crosswise of wind induction, i.e. vortex-induced vibration.When the disengaging frequency of whirlpool is close to tower intrinsic frequency, tower 10 is easy
Resonance occurs and destroys.
It is art technology in view of this, how to improve the case where wind-power electricity generation equipment installation is limited by region wind regime
Personnel's technical problem urgently to be resolved.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of building enclosure of the outer surface equipped with resistance absorber, and the resistance absorber is described including circumferentially surrounding
The annular groove of building enclosure outer surface setting, the section of the annular groove are arc, the upper and lower adjacent annular groove
Between form carinate circumferential rib, the circumferential rib includes rigid back and the flexible cavity or solid below the back
Elastomer or flexible cavity or solid flexible body, the resistance absorber include the circumferential rib；The building enclosure is at least partly high
It spends and is equipped with the resistance absorber in range.
Optionally, the annular groove is continuous or local interruption annular groove, and the circumferential rib is continuously or between part
Disconnected circumferential rib.
Optionally, the resistance absorber is shaped in the outer surface of the building enclosure, or is removably attachable to described
The outer surface of building enclosure.
Optionally, the resistance absorber is the film for being formed with the annular groove and the circumferential rib.
Optionally, the film is adhered to the outer surface of the building enclosure or the film surround the building enclosure
After dock.
Optionally, from the bottom to top, the groove depth of the annular groove is gradually deepened, and/or, the groove width of the annular groove by
It is cumulative to add.
Optionally, the groove depth of the annular groove and the ratio of groove width are between 0.3-0.6.
Optionally, the groove depth of the annular groove is greater than or equal to 2mm.
Optionally, gas, liquid or elastic rubber are filled in the flexible cavity or the compliance cavity body.
Optionally, the flexible cavity or the flexible cavity circumferentially penetrate through.
Optionally, the building enclosure is the tower or television tower or anemometer tower or aquatic building of wind power generating set,
Or land columnar pier or land column-type support pillar.
The building enclosure, after air-flow enters in annular groove, due to the setting of arc cell wall, ring of the air-flow in windward side
In connected in star, the air-flow above cell wall center line can change wind direction, and arcuately upper cell wall is downward for wind direction, under cell wall center line
The air-flow of side also changes direction, and wind direction arcuately descends cell wall upward, i.e., air-flow makees circular motion, in this way, in arc cell wall
Portion, upper and lower air-flow can be opposite and generation is collided, and blending is caused to be closed, and also just makees disordering guidance to the momentum direction of incoming flow, right
The upper directive pressure fluctuation of incoming flow (peak value) makees tuning processing, that is, adjusts the processing in direction, make vertical direction along circular arc
Opposite processing, reduce the pressure fluctuation amount at fluoran stream surface, to reduce forward resistance, reduce amplitude, protect building enclosure
Stability and security requirement.
The air-flow entered in annular groove at fluoran stream surface makees above-mentioned opposite collision, and air-flow along annular groove to fluoran stream surface
When two sides are mobile, the Pulsating Flow in incoming flow is made in flowing in order in annular groove, in the local groove for artificially having manufactured vertical short transverse
Pulsation, which is a kind of pulsation driving force, level limit annular groove in define the flowing of incoming flow in flow field, by
This can reduce, convert and (follow the second law of thermodynamics, ordering energy is converted into unordered energy), prevent incoming flow in downstream flow process
The rate of pressure reduction correspondingly just reduces building enclosure in the pressure difference of fluoran stream surface and the back side, drop when annular groove is annular
The front and back resistance that low voltage difference is formed reduces forward resistance, reduces amplitude, protects the stability and safety of building enclosure.
In addition, the back of circumferential rib can assign to incoming flow cutting in two annular grooves up and down to peak benefit, it is divided into upper layer
Stream and lower layer's incoming flow, can inhibit the development that incoming flow streams whirlpool in the circumferential rib grooves on two sides of tower surface, to inhibit turbulent flow
The generation of boundary layer bursting process reduces the exchange for carrying out amount of flow along normal direction, reduces resistance.
And the cavity below back is flexible cavity, solid elastomeric or flexible cavity or solid flexible body, is had certain
Deformability, it is deformable under incoming flow effect, so that stream energy in future is shifted to two sides, consumed, then it can eliminate and go along with sb. to guard him knot
Pressure difference or reduction pressure difference between structure windward side and leeward, and then eliminate or reduce building enclosure down wind resistance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1-1 is that wind-power electricity generation equipment constitutes schematic diagram；
Fig. 1-2 is the schematic diagram of tower segmental hoisting；
Fig. 2 is in tower embodiment provided by the present invention, and upper part is equipped with the structural schematic diagram of resistance absorber；
Fig. 3 is the tower segments schematic diagram that resistance absorber paragraph is equipped in Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the partial enlargement diagram at the position A in Fig. 2；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of resistance absorber groove in upwind incoming flow flow graph 3；
Fig. 6 is to show the partial enlarged view that air-flow moves towards position in Fig. 5.
The reference numerals are as follows in Fig. 1-1~1-2:
10 towers, 11 first tower segments, 12 second tower segments, 13 third tower segments, 14 the 4th tower segments, 15 the 5th towers
Section, 20 wind turbines, 30 cabins, 40 power transmission cables, 50 cable retaining ring fixed plates, 60 saddle camber brackets, 70 converter cabinets, 80 towers
Frame door, 90 foundations.
The reference numerals are as follows in Fig. 2-6:
10 towers, 20 cabins, 30 impellers, 40 foundations, 50 resistance absorbers, 501 annular grooves, the upper cell wall of 501a, 501b
Lower cell wall, 502 circumferential ribs, 502a flexible cavity, 502b back；
X center line.
Specific embodiment
It is with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific real in order to make those skilled in the art more fully understand technical solution of the present invention
Applying example, the present invention is described in further detail.
Referring to FIG. 2, Fig. 2 is in 10 embodiment of tower provided by the present invention, upper part is equipped with the structural representation of resistance absorber
Figure.
A kind of specific building enclosure, i.e. tower 10 are shown, the outer surface of tower 10 is equipped with resistance absorber 50 in the embodiment.
With reference to Fig. 3, resistance absorber 50 includes the annular groove 501 positioned at 10 outer surface of tower, and the cross section of annular groove 501 (is in Fig. 2
The section radial along tower 10) it is arc, and it is equipped with resistance absorber 50 in at least partly altitude range of tower 10, in Fig. 2, in tower
Resistance absorber 50 is equipped in L height interval range below 10 tops.L is about the 1/2 to 3/4 or so of tower height, steep in high mountain
High and steep environment L is about 2/3 or so of tower height.
It is 10 sections of schematic diagrams of tower that resistance absorber paragraph is equipped in Fig. 2 please continue to refer to Fig. 3-4, Fig. 3, in addition, by tower 10
The resistance absorber 50 of this section of outer surface separates signal with 10 sections of tower, more clearly to understand the structure of resistance absorber 50；Fig. 4 is figure
The partial enlargement diagram at the position A in 2.
In the present solution, annular groove 501 is the annular groove around 10 periphery of tower.Here annular groove 501 is divided and manages
Solution, the cell wall of the center line X (horizontal center line X shown in Fig. 4) or more of annular groove 501 are defined as cell wall 501a, in
Heart line X cell wall below is defined as lower cell wall 501b.At this point, upper cell wall 501a and lower cell wall 501b are actually mutually inclined, i.e.,
From left to right, upper cell wall 501a arc is downward, and lower cell wall 501b arc is upward.The purpose of such setting, please continue to refer to Fig. 5,6
Understand.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the annular groove 501 of resistance absorber 50 in upwind incoming flow flow graph 3, shows air-flow in annular
Trend in groove 501 only shows the air-flow trend at windward side in an annular groove 501 to keep view succinct；Fig. 6 is
The partial enlarged view that air-flow moves towards position is shown in Fig. 5.Fig. 5, black arrow indicates air-flow trend in 6.
As can be seen from Figure 5, after air-flow enters in annular groove 501, due to the setting of arc cell wall, air-flow is in windward side
Annular groove 501 in, the air-flow above cell wall center line X can change wind direction, and arcuately upper cell wall 501a is downward for wind direction,
Air-flow below cell wall center line X also changes direction, and wind direction arcuately descends cell wall 501b upward, i.e., air-flow makees circular motion, this
Sample, at the middle part of arc cell wall, upper and lower air-flow can be opposite and generate collision, and blending is caused to be closed, also just to top to incoming flow
Disordering guidance is made in momentum direction, makees tuning processing, that is, the side of adjusting to the directive pressure fluctuation of upwind incoming flow (peak value)
To processing, make the opposite processing of vertical direction along circular arc, the pressure fluctuation amount at windward side reduced, to reduce down wind
Resistance reduces amplitude, the stability and security requirement that protection tower 10 lifts.
The air-flow entered in annular groove 501 at windward side makees above-mentioned opposite collision, and air-flow along annular groove 501 to
When windward side two sides are mobile, the Pulsating Flow in upwind incoming flow is made in flowing in order in annular groove 501, has artificially manufactured vertical height
Pulsation in the local groove in direction, the pulsation are a kind of pulsation driving forces, define gas in the annular groove 501 that level limits
Thus the flowing of stream can reduce, convert and (follow the second law of thermodynamics, ordering energy is converted into unordered energy), air-flow is prevented to exist
The rate that downstream flow pressure process reduces, when annular groove 501 is annular, correspondingly just reduce tower 10 in windward side and
The pressure difference of leeward reduces the front and back resistance that pressure difference is formed, and reduces down wind resistance, reduces amplitude, and protection 10 class of tower is gone along with sb. to guard him
The stability and safety of structure hoisting.
As stated in the background art, tower 10 can also generate vortex-induced vibration, and the origin cause of formation is that upwind incoming flow streams tower 10
When two sides vortex sheddings it is consistent, and in the present solution, due to being equipped with annular groove 501, the correspondingly whirlpool of about 501 annular groove
The consistency that falls off can be broken, to inhibit vortex-induced vibration.
Correlation is the important feature of fluctuating wind, herein, it and space two o'clock (Z1、Z2) fluctuating wind speed or tower 10
The fluctuation pressure of the two o'clock of surface different height is related.
Correlation coefficient ρ is defined as
(the Z at two different heights1、Z2), the covariance of fluctuating wind speed is defined as follows:
Therefore, covariance is that the time of fluctuating wind speed product at two height is average.Each air speed value on the right side of equation
Respective average value is subtractedWithU(Z1, t) and it is in t moment, height Z1The air speed value at place, U (Z2,t)
For in t moment, height Z2The air speed value at place, i.e. wind speed at synchronization different height position.
Mathematically, the formula of standard deviation can be write as:
U (t) in formula --- the wind speed component on mean wind speed direction is equal to
U (t) is down wind turbulent flow component, i.e. fluctuating wind speed component on mean wind speed direction.
The molecule of correlation coefficient ρ defined formula indicates the (Z at two different heights of tower 101、Z2) fluctuating wind speed association side
Difference.T indicates to calculate the period of average value.
Covariance is that the time of fluctuating wind speed product at two height is average.
The bulk strength of turbulent flow can be measured with wind speed deviation or root mean square, and average weight is subtracted from wind speed,
Then quantify remainder with deviation, be averaged to after deviation square, last evolution show that has a wind speed unit
Physical quantity obtains standard deviation.By related coefficient definition, the covariance of wind speed obtains different height divided by standard deviation at different height
The relative coefficient at two between wind speed is spent, correlation is the smaller the better, and hinder vortex to form the frequency of whirlpool at rear different height,
Break aggregation and growth of the frequency invariance to Vortex-excited vibration energy, it may be assumed that prevent the growth of Vortex-excited vibration, or even whirlpool is caused to swash altogether
Vibration disappears.
Total pulsation wind-force mean-square value on 10 body structure surface of toweryi、yjIt is tower 10
The vertical short transverse in surface two o'clock, ρ (yi-yj) it is yi、yjBetween paragraph pulsation wind-force related coefficient.
With continued reference to FIG. 2, annular groove 501 is annular, carinate ring is formed between neighbouring annular groove 501
Shape rib 502, circumferential rib 502 as shown in Figure 4 have back 502b, and resistance absorber 50 further includes the circumferential rib 502.Due to circumferential rib
502 presence can assign to air-flow cutting in two annular grooves 501 up and down to peak benefit with back 502b, be divided into upper layer
Air-flow and inferior airflow can inhibit the development that upwind incoming flow streams whirlpool in 10 surface circumferential rib of tower, 502 grooves on two sides, from
And the generation of turbulent boundary layer bursting process is inhibited, air-flow momentum is reduced along the exchange of normal direction, the slot of annular groove 501
Bottom exchanges maximum, concentrates on slot bottom exchange, is higher than the position of 502 back 502b of circumferential rib outward, exchange is weaker, thus also reduces
Resistance.
It should be noted that annular groove 501 circumferentially surrounds the setting of 10 outer surface of tower, but can in above-described embodiment
To understand, the principle explanation based on above-mentioned reduction Along-wind vibration, annular groove 501 is not limited to continuous annular.For example, if
The annular groove 501 of dry segmental arc is also possible with the annular groove for forming local interruption along the circumferentially-spaced distribution of tower 10, when
So, the distance at interval can design relatively small, when so that upwind incoming flow being any direction, can be blown into annular groove
In 501.In this way, air-flow can equally generate opposite collision in annular groove 501 when upwind incoming flow streams tower 10, with
Reduce down wind resistance, correspondingly, circumferential rib 502 is also the annular of local interruption.Certainly, annular groove 501, circumferential rib 502
In continuous ring-type, for more preferably embodiment.
As shown in figure 3, forming carinate circumferential rib 502 between upper and lower adjacent annular groove 501 (between continuous or part
All can break), carinate i.e. ridge, the outer edge of the circumferential rib 502 is in sharp shape, and the longitudinal profile of circumferential rib 502 is similar
In triangle.Certainly, the two sides side wall of circumferential rib 502 is the lower cell wall 501b and lower section ring for being respectively upper annular groove 501
The upper cell wall 501a of connected in star 501, the arc setting based on annular groove 501, the cross section of circumferential rib 502 and non-straight edges triangle
Shape, upper and lower two side indents.
Since the outer rim back 502b of circumferential rib 502 is arranged in tip, as shown in fig. 6, air-flow blows to 10 outer surface of tower
When, the tip of carinate circumferential rib 502 is conducive to " rive air-flow ", rather than directly impinges upon on circumferential rib 502, makes to bring about the desired sensation
Stream timely enters the annular groove 501 of 502 upper and lower of circumferential rib, so that deflecting and collision are participated in time, so that reducing resistance
Function is achieved.
Here, the back 502b of circumferential rib 502 is rigid ridge, has certain degree of hardness, is unlikely to deform under external force, energy
Enough keep the shape of back 502b.Circumferential rib 502 is flexible cavity 502a, is also possible to ball cartridge below its back 502b
Property body or flexible cavity or solid flexible body, back 502b and flexible cavity 502a (or solid elastomeric or flexibility below
Cavity or solid flexible body) it can connect, or be integrally formed.Then there is below back certain deformability, make in incoming flow
It is deformable under, so that stream energy in future is shifted to two sides, consumed, help to eliminate building enclosure windward side and leeward
Pressure difference or reduction pressure difference between face, and then eliminate or reduce building enclosure down wind resistance.
Moreover, when upwind incoming flow streams tower 10, when by surface circumferential rib 502 and annular groove 501, so that streaming
The aerodynamic coefficient C of air-flow becomes smaller, and can reduce Vortex-excited vibration amplitude A, to reach reduction amplitude, knot is gone along with sb. to guard him in protection carrying
The stability and safety of structure lifting.
As shown in figure 5, the depth and height to annular groove 501 mark, 10 paragraph of tower of resistance absorber 50 is set
It is divided into three segments, 501 depth h1 of annular groove, the height L1 of upper interval section, the annular of intermediate space section from up to down
501 depth h2 of groove, height L2,501 depth h3 of annular groove, the height L3 of lower part segment.It is arranged carrying out resistance absorber 50
When, depth and height to annular groove 501 restrict, and the ratio of h1/L1 is between 0.3-0.6, to guarantee air-flow energy
It is enough successfully to drain and collide in annular groove 501 when not increasing resistance ground, to achieve the purpose that reduce resistance.
In addition, radius corresponding to 501 radian of annular groove is bigger, drag-reduction effect is better.
Specifically, from the bottom to top, the groove depth of annular groove 501 can gradually deepen and/or the groove width of annular groove 501 (is schemed
Height in 5) it gradually increases.It is found that groove depth is deeper, the energy loss that air-flow collides in opposite directions is more, and groove width gradually increases, and participates in
The throughput of collision is bigger, and energy loss is also more, and correspondingly, it is more that down wind resistance also just reduces ground.And 10 top of tower
Along-wind vibration become apparent, so from the bottom to top, be designed as that groove depth is gradually deepened and/or groove width gradually increases, comply with tower
The Along-wind vibration of cylinder 10 is controlled consumption.
In the present solution, the groove depth of annular groove 501 is greater than 2mm, groove depth is excessively shallow, is unfavorable for directing flow into groove
Portion, and form the opposite collision of air-flow.In general, the boundary layer thickness of air-flow, in 1-2mm, groove depth here is greater than 2mm, with
Meet the opposite collision demand of air-flow.Preferably, the groove depth of annular groove 501 is no more than 5mm, in order to avoid increase resistance too much.
Here, when designing groove depth, the height of tower 10 can be referred to.The height of tower 10 is higher, while the tower height where groove depth
Also high, wind speed is larger here, and groove depth numerical value is opposite to select the larger value.
For the various embodiments described above, resistance absorber 50 can be integrally formed at the outer surface of tower 10, for example, in 10 appearance of tower
Face carries out cutting formation.Alternatively, resistance absorber 50 can be removably attachable to the outer surface of tower 10.For example, resistance absorber 50 can
To be plastic products, such as PE+PA film, i.e. the composite material that PE and PA are formed has easy processing, easily obtains, is at low cost excellent
Gesture is preferred embodiment.Resistance absorber 50 is adhesive to be perhaps installed on 10 outer surface of tower by fastener or around tower
It is docked after 10.
As shown in fig. 6, the annular groove 501 of resistance absorber 50 is formed in base portion, between the cell wall and base portion of annular groove 501
It can be flexible cavity 502a, that is, the cavity being located at below back 502b, cavity (flexible cavity 502a or flexible cavity) filling
Gas, liquid or elastic rubber substance guarantee annular groove 501, circumferential rib 502 so that resistance absorber 50 is formed with skeleton
Back 502b will not be deformed easily, and the air-flow upper and lower level for completing above-mentioned anti-drag function shunts.When the cell wall and base of annular groove 501
When being filled with gas or liquid or elastic rubber in the cavity between portion, cavity at this time itself is equivalent to flexible or elastic cavity
Body further has the ability of deformation, can eliminate the pressure difference between building enclosure windward side and leeward or reduce pressure difference,
And then eliminate or reduce building enclosure down wind resistance.
Still using Fig. 6 as visual angle, when the wind direction of upwind incoming flow is from left to right, wind-force acts on the resistance absorber of windward side
On 50 cavity 503, perfect gas equation: PV=mRT can be abided by, i.e. the variation of pressure translates into cavity 503
Volume change.In this way, the pulsation energy in upwind incoming flow can be carried out by the gas (or liquid) inside flexible cavity 503
It absorbs, storage, realize pulsation energy disordering, pulsation energy is transferred in volume variation.Energy pulse in flexible volume
Downstream transfer process is consumed, floods for volume variation, so the setting of cavity 503 can be consumed voluntarily, flood impulse excitation (i.e.
Turbulence energy), reduce down wind resistance, inhibit vibration, protect 10 hoisting process of tower in or lifting after operation process in
Stability and safety.That is, being also further mixed, being inhaled to harmonic pulsation energy by cavity 503 on the basis of drag reduction
It receives.
It is understood that the embodiment described herein in 10 outer surface of tower setting resistance absorber 50, is not only applicable to tower 10
In hoisting process or after lifting, the case where to improve influence of the wind regime to operation, can be applicable to other flow fields.For example, right
In marine structure, the washing away of water, when marine structure is located at the outer surface setting resistance absorber 50 of underwater part, water of bordering on the sea of meeting
The resistance that stream acts on the position of marine structure fluoran stream surface can be also lowered, and energy of pulsing can also be transferred to the two of fluoran stream surface
Side or even rear, the same above-described embodiment of principle.Marine structure such as offshore lighthouse, looks at institute, the bridge pier of bridge spanning the sea, seashore side
Ponding, dykes and dams etc., offshore wind turbine extends the blower foundation etc. for penetrating bottom silt in b.s.l. for another example.
In marine building enclosure (i.e. marine structure), other river, lake water there is the waterborne of submerged structure part to build in addition to building
Build class building enclosure, aquatic building at least has underwater portion, above-mentioned resistance absorber can be installed in its underwater portion, principle with
It is above-mentioned consistent, it repeats no more.
In addition to aquatic building, building enclosure can also be land columnar pier or pillar, for example, the highway between Grand Canyon
Or land columnar pier or land column-type support pillar can be arranged in railway bridge.Land formula bridge pier or pillar can be in wind flow field,
Vibration problem is faced, above-mentioned resistance absorber equally can be set and reach drag reduction vibration damping purpose.
When being continuous annular by the annular groove 501 of resistance absorber 50, squeezed in windward side position by wind-force, the position
Gas in 50 cavity 503 of the place's of setting resistance absorber is moved to rear to the two sides in windward side downstream, that is, realizes that pulsation energy 180 degree turns
It moves, is equivalent to gas or liquid " catching up with " to downstream in the cavity 503 by windward side and reaches rear, at this point, the gas in cavity 503
Or liquid shift motion is longer, the energy consumption of upwind incoming flow becomes apparent；Also, since gas is movable to rear, i.e.,
Leeward, then leeward pressure increase, is transferred to leeward for a part of pressure in windward side, thus reduce by 10 windward side of tower and
The pressure difference of leeward, Along-wind vibration can be effectively suppressed.
Above-mentioned all embodiments are with tower 10 (tower 10 that can be land tower 10 or offshore wind farm unit)
Example is illustrated, moreover, applicable for similar building enclosure above-described embodiment.For example, television tower, anemometer tower, in addition
Other marine structures being also previously mentioned, it is all feasible that above-mentioned resistance absorber 50, which is arranged, in the outer surface of such building enclosure
Scheme, principle is identical, repeats no more.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that those skilled in the art are come
It says, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as
Protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. the building enclosure that outer surface is equipped with resistance absorber, which is characterized in that the resistance absorber (50) is described including circumferentially surrounding
The annular groove (501) of building enclosure outer surface setting, the section of the annular groove (501) are arc, upper and lower adjacent institute
It states and is formed between annular groove (501) carinate circumferential rib (502), the circumferential rib (502) includes rigid back (502b)
It is described with the flexible cavity (502a) or solid elastomeric or flexible cavity or solid flexible body below the back (502b)
Resistance absorber (50) includes the circumferential rib (502)；The resistance absorber is equipped in the building enclosure at least partly altitude range
(50)。
2. the building enclosure that outer surface as described in claim 1 is equipped with resistance absorber, which is characterized in that the annular groove
It (501) is continuous or local interruption annular groove, the circumferential rib (502) is continuous or local interruption circumferential rib.
3. the building enclosure that outer surface as described in claim 1 is equipped with resistance absorber, which is characterized in that the resistance absorber (50) one
The body formed outer surface in the building enclosure, or it is removably attachable to the outer surface of the building enclosure.
4. the building enclosure that outer surface as claimed in claim 3 is equipped with resistance absorber, which is characterized in that the resistance absorber (50) is
It is formed with the film of the annular groove (501) and the circumferential rib (502).
5. the building enclosure that outer surface as claimed in claim 4 is equipped with resistance absorber, which is characterized in that the film is adhered to institute
The outer surface or the film for stating building enclosure are docked after the building enclosure.
6. the building enclosure that outer surface as described in claim 1 is equipped with resistance absorber, which is characterized in that from the bottom to top, the ring
The groove depth of connected in star (501) is gradually deepened, and/or, the groove width of the annular groove (501) gradually increases.
7. the building enclosure that outer surface as described in claim 1 is equipped with resistance absorber, which is characterized in that the annular groove
(501) ratio of groove depth and groove width is between 0.3-0.6.
8. the building enclosure that outer surface as described in claim 1 is equipped with resistance absorber, which is characterized in that the annular groove
(501) groove depth is greater than or equal to 2mm.
9. as the described in any item outer surfaces claim 1-8 are equipped with the building enclosure of resistance absorber, which is characterized in that the elasticity
Gas, liquid or elastic rubber are filled in cavity (502a) or the compliance cavity body.
10. the building enclosure that outer surface as claimed in claim 9 is equipped with resistance absorber, which is characterized in that the flexible cavity
(502a) or the flexible cavity circumferentially penetrate through.
11. as the described in any item outer surfaces claim 1-8 are equipped with the building enclosure of resistance absorber, which is characterized in that described to enclose
Protection structure is the tower (10) or television tower or anemometer tower or aquatic building or land columnar pier of wind power generating set, or
Land column-type support pillar.
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| CN201810645615.8A CN108843516B (en) | 2018-06-21 | 2018-06-21 | Envelope structure with drag reducer on outer surface |
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| CN201810645615.8A CN108843516B (en) | 2018-06-21 | 2018-06-21 | Envelope structure with drag reducer on outer surface |
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| CN108799010B (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2020-10-09 | 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 | Envelope structure with mixing absorber on outer surface |
| CN110728044B (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2022-08-02 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Integrated calculation method for gas pressure state in piston ring groove |
| CN113463782B (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2022-07-12 | 江苏金风科技有限公司 | Turbulent flow block and vortex-induced vibration suppression device |
| CN112922537A (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2021-06-08 | 太原理工大学 | Drill rod |
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| ES2374233B8 (en) * | 2010-08-02 | 2013-02-27 | Deutecno S.L. | RESONANT AIRCRAFT BY VORTICITY. |
| CN202023701U (en) * | 2011-01-18 | 2011-11-02 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Tower cylindrical shell of wind generating set |
| CN103469830B (en) * | 2013-09-16 | 2015-10-07 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Reduction method for basic wave current vibration of offshore wind power single pile |
| CN207229307U (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2018-04-13 | 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 | With convex-concave outer surface to suppress the building enclosure of vortex-induced vibration |
| CN108799010B (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2020-10-09 | 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 | Envelope structure with mixing absorber on outer surface |
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