CN108843428A - Distributed gas energy utilization system and method based on combustion with meagre oxygen catalysis oxidation - Google Patents
Distributed gas energy utilization system and method based on combustion with meagre oxygen catalysis oxidation Download PDFInfo
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- CN108843428A CN108843428A CN201810556430.XA CN201810556430A CN108843428A CN 108843428 A CN108843428 A CN 108843428A CN 201810556430 A CN201810556430 A CN 201810556430A CN 108843428 A CN108843428 A CN 108843428A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B43/00—Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
- F02B43/10—Engines or plants characterised by use of other specific gases, e.g. acetylene, oxyhydrogen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B63/00—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices
- F02B63/04—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices for electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
- F22B1/1807—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines using the exhaust gases of combustion engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B43/00—Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
- F02B43/10—Engines or plants characterised by use of other specific gases, e.g. acetylene, oxyhydrogen
- F02B2043/103—Natural gas, e.g. methane or LNG used as a fuel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
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- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of distributed gas energy utilization systems and method based on combustion with meagre oxygen catalysis oxidation, the one end for the combustion with meagre oxygen room being arranged in internal combustion engine is connect by connection flue with waste heat boiler, connection flue is provided with CO catalytic oxidizing equipment and the heat exchanger for heat transfer, waste heat boiler is used to carry out the flue gas of feeding heat exchange utilization, generator, waste heat boiler and internal combustion engine connection composition distributed gas energy utilization system.Internal-combustion engine system of the invention burns under reducing atmosphere, and in CO catalytic oxidizing equipment low-temperature oxidation almost without NOx generation, therefore can strict control level of NOx emission, reduce environmental pollution；The gas internal-combustion engine method of combustion with meagre oxygen catalysis oxidation UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN of the invention, recycles heat while can effectively reduce the discharge of NOx, avoids a series of adverse effects of traditional SCR device, and structure is simple, there is preferable economy.The system is applied widely, can be applied to various types of Structures of Internal-Combustion Engine.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Distribution of Natural formula energy technology fields, and in particular to the distribution based on combustion with meagre oxygen catalysis oxidation
Formula gas energy utilizes system and method.
Background technique
In recent years, country vigorously advocates " distributed energy ", be compared to traditional " centralization " energy utilization patterns and
Speech, refer to the energy comprehensive utilization system established and transmitted in customer charge immediate vicinity rather than at a distance, covers power generation, thermoelectricity
For the diversified forms such as coproduction, energy storage and energy management system in environmental protection, partial contamination is decentralized, recycling strives for reality
The target now moderately discharged；It is arranged in the conveying of the energy and using upper fragment, reduces the loss of the long distance delivery energy, effectively
Improve the safety and flexibility of using energy source.
Prime mover of the system, internal combustion engine are a kind of dynamic power machines, it be by making fuel in machine internal-combustion, and will
Its thermal energy released is converted directly into the Thermal Motor of power.Sensu lato internal combustion engine not only includes reciprocating piston type internal combustion
Machine, rotary engine and free piston engine also include gas turbine, the jet engine of rotary vane type
Deng.
Usually between 30%~40%, relatively common type generally can achieve the generating efficiency of gas internal-combustion engine
35%.The most prominent advantage of gas internal-combustion engine is exactly that generating efficiency is relatively high, and followed by device integration is high, quick for installation, right
Dust in gas is of less demanding, does not need water substantially, and the cost per kilowatt of equipment is also relatively low.But its generation is useless
Hot fume temperature is up to 450~550 DEG C, causes certain energy dissipation.
For gas internal-combustion engine, usual excess air coefficient has certain influence on it.Mistake during combustion of natural gas
When measuring air coefficient less than 1, CO discharge aggravation, gas consumption increases, but engine can reach maximum power；And it is excessive
When air coefficient is greater than 1, NOx emission aggravation, engine power is reduced, but is burnt completely, and CO discharge is reduced.
Gas internal-combustion engine group is in power generation process at present, it will usually encounter NO and discharge higher problem, some is even as high as
300ppm seriously constrains the development of the Distribution of Natural formula energy.NOx is mainly based on thermal NO x in natural gas internal combustion engine,
3 conditions for being conducive to NOx generation are high temperature, oxygen-enriched, high-temperature duration is long, and temperature influences to show the most on the generation of NOx
It writes.NO is one of Air Pollutants, can be affected to ecological environment.Therefore gas internal-combustion engine group NOx abatement
Problem is extremely urgent.For conventional gas internal combustion engine generator group, SCR denitration and CO removing means processing tail gas are generallyd use,
However the technology often faces many serious problems in the application, such as SCR catalyst activity temperature range is 320 DEG C~400
DEG C, denitrification apparatus inlet flue gas temperature is lower than active temperature under underload, and denitration efficiency is poor；The waste disposal of SCR catalyst and ammonia
Problem；The escaping of ammonia influences problem to other equipment；Can spray ammonia be uniformly mixed with flue gas.These there are the problem of will lead to it is de-
Nitre efficiency is difficult to reach national requirements level.
Studies have shown that when gas internal-combustion engine equivalent proportion φ (practical fuel air ratio/chemical correct fuel air ratio) is 0.88, the generation of NOx
Amount reaches maximum value, and equivalent proportion is 0.88<φ<When 1.2, NOx generation amount is sharply reduced with the increase of φ, therefore researching natural gas
Internal combustion engine combustion with meagre oxygen is meaningful.
Summary of the invention
Combustion with meagre oxygen is based in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that providing
The distributed gas energy utilization system and method for catalysis oxidation, by by natural gas in low temperature fractional combustion, end gas catalytic oxidation
Processing is, it can be achieved that efficient low NOxDischarge reduces atmosphere pollution；Realize that foundation is rationally recycled in combined heat and power, the heat of user side
The clean and effective distributed energy utilized utilizes system.
The present invention uses following technical scheme：
Distributed gas energy utilization system based on combustion with meagre oxygen catalysis oxidation, including internal combustion engine, generator, connection cigarette
Road and waste heat boiler are provided with combustion with meagre oxygen room in internal combustion engine, and connection flue is provided with CO catalytic oxidizing equipment and heat exchanger, poor
Oxygen combustion chamber is connect by connection flue with waste heat boiler, and waste heat boiler generates electricity for carrying out heat exchange utilization to the flue gas of feeding
Machine connect composition distributed gas energy utilization system with internal combustion engine.
Specifically, combustion with meagre oxygen room is located in the upper cavity in cylinder of internal-combustion engine, keep excessive empty in combustion with meagre oxygen room
Gas coefficient is 0.8~0.9, carries out combustion with meagre oxygen for the natural gas to feeding.
Further, the upper end of combustion with meagre oxygen room is provided with spark plug, and spark plug two sides are respectively arranged with inlet valve and row
Valve, exhaust valve are connected with flue is connect.
Further, the lower part of combustion with meagre oxygen room is provided with piston, and the crankshaft-link rod of piston passes through belt or gear and hair
Motor connection.
Specifically, internal combustion engine is provided with exhaust valve, the smoke inlet for connecting flue is connect with exhaust valve, connects the cigarette of flue
Gas outlet is connect with the smoke inlet of waste heat boiler, and heat exchanger is located at smoke inlet, and CO catalytic oxidizing equipment goes out positioned at flue gas
At mouthful, benefit air compartment is provided between heat exchanger and CO catalytic oxidizing equipment.
Further, mending air compartment, layered arrangement has multiple high temperature air entrances up and down.
Further, CO catalyst uses CeO in CO catalytic oxidizing equipment2Aeroge supports CuO catalyst, and CO is catalyzed oxygen
Disguising the excess air coefficient set is 1~1.05.
Specifically, being provided with the jet chimney for heat exchange in waste heat boiler, flue gas is after jet chimney exchanges heat by remaining
The exhanst gas outlet of heat boiler is discharged.
A kind of distributed gas energy utilizing method based on combustion with meagre oxygen UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, using the internal combustion of piston cylinder operator
Machine keeps excess air coefficient less than 1 in the combustion with meagre oxygen room of internal combustion engine, and natural gas combustion with meagre oxygen in combustion with meagre oxygen room drives
The power generation of crankshaft rod structure output mechanical energy, then flue gas enters connection flue, after high temperature air entrance mends wind, low-temperature flue gas
Afterburning is carried out, remnants CO is all aoxidized in flue gas under the effect of CO catalytic oxidizing equipment, excessive empty in CO catalytic oxidizing equipment
Gas coefficient is 1~1.05, and finally flue gas is sent into waste heat boiler, realizes heat recovery and utilization.
Specifically, including the following steps：
Natural gas in S1, compressed gas cylinder mixes after depressurizing the pre-heat treatment with pressurized air, through internal combustion engine into
Valve sucks in internal combustion engine, by the way that burning forms high temperature combustion zone, high-temp combustion in interior combustion with meagre oxygen room after plug ignition
It is 0.8~0.9 that excess air coefficient is kept in area, and maintaining reaction is combustion with meagre oxygen atmosphere；
S2, combustion gas expansion work band piston move reciprocatingly and crankshaft-link rod are driven to rotate, will be interior by belt or gear
The mechanical energy of combustion engine output is transmitted to electrical power generators, and imperfect combustion high-temperature flue gas enters connection flue through exhaust valve；
S3, enter after the heat exchanger reduction temperature that the high-temperature flue gas that internal combustion engine is discharged passes through connection flue and mend air compartment, mend
Air compartment is uniformly passed through air by the layering of high temperature air entrance；
S4, CO catalytic oxidizing equipment is entered back by mending the mixed gas of air compartment, in CO catalytic oxidizing equipment not completely
CO in the flue gas of burning is all aoxidized, and then flue gas is sent into waste heat boiler and recycles heat；
It is disposed with jet chimney in S5, waste heat boiler, connects the vapor in the flue gas and jet chimney being sent into flue
Heat convection reduces exhaust gas temperature, and provides heat, and last flue gas is discharged through the outlet of waste heat boiler.
Compared with prior art, the present invention at least has the advantages that：
The present invention is based on the distributed gas energy utilization systems of combustion with meagre oxygen catalysis oxidation, by the way that natural gas successively exists
Behind the area combustion with meagre oxygen Shi Hebufeng in internal combustion engine CO catalytic oxidizing equipment internal classification burning, it can be achieved that high efficency low NOx discharge,
Atmosphere pollution is reduced to save traditional SCR denitration device compared with conventional gas internal combustion engine generator group, NOx is avoided from source
It generates, denitration effect is more preferable；Ignition temperature is lower, requires to reduce to equipment temperature capability, saves material cost；Device is simple,
The flue before waste heat boiler need to be only transformed；It largely avoided what traditional SCR denitration device encountered in denitrification process
The limitation of catalyst optimum temperature, the spray serious problems such as ammonia mixing uniformity and catalyst waste disposal, avoid the escaping of ammonia etc. from making
At problem of environmental pollution；In addition ammonia produces and uses limited, and traditional SCR denitration device needs ammonia and catalyst collective effect, only
It needs CuO as catalyst, is only used to CO catalytic oxidation, operation and maintenance cost are cheap, there is higher economy.
Further, combustion with meagre oxygen mode is used in internal combustion engine in combustion with meagre oxygen room, excess air coefficient 0.8~0.9,
Maintaining reaction is combustion with meagre oxygen atmosphere, is continuously reducing atmosphere in combustion chamber, the thermal NO x of generation is greatly decreased.Due to
Oxygen in conjunction with nitrogen is fewer and fewer, and since combustion of natural gas speed is accelerated, so that high-temperature fuel gas is detained the time in cylinder
Shorten, the reduction and the shortening of residence time of oxygen constrain the generation of NOx jointly.In addition excessive methane can not only restore one
Part NOx, and heat in cylinder can be absorbed, so that the temperature in cylinder reduces, the insufficient joint effect of temperature and oxygen NOx's
It generates；However since combustion with meagre oxygen indoor oxygen is insufficient, in the flue gas of generation containing 1% or so CO, this is imperfect combustion
Flue gas burns away in mending air compartment after convection recuperator reduces temperature, and remaining CO is in CO catalytic oxidizing equipment in flue gas
By CO catalyst complete oxidation, since temperature is lower herein, the NOx of generation is few, therefore can have in the way of the fractional combustion
Effect ground reduces the discharge of NOx.
Further, in conjunction with the use energy feature of waste heat boiler and gas internal-combustion engine, fuel combustion output mechanical energy is allowed to generate electricity,
Then medium temperature lack of gas enter waste heat boiler, establish at customer charge center, avoid electric power long distance transportation, the novel combined heat and power
Clean and effective distributed energy utilizes system, reasonable in design, efficiency of energy utilization can be made to maximize, energy conservation and environmental protection is answered
With in extensive range.
Further, the high temperature air entrance layered arrangement for mending air compartment can uniformly be passed through suitable high temperature air, improve equal
Even property.
Further, the CO catalyst in CO catalytic oxidizing equipment uses CeO2Aeroge supports CuO catalyst, and CuO is urged
Agent is cheap, there is higher economy, and CuO catalyst activity temperature, can be by imperfect combustion flue gas near 600 DEG C
In CO preferably aoxidize.The catalysts selective of NO+CO can also be used, clean and effective low NOx drainage can be further realized.
A kind of distributed gas energy utilizing method based on combustion with meagre oxygen UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN of the present invention, natural gas are pre- through depressurizing
It mixes after heat treatment with pressurized air, burns in combustion with meagre oxygen room in cylinder, form reproducibility atmosphere in the combustion chamber,
Combustion gas expansion work generates mechanical energy, and then mechanical energy is transmitted to generator, generator using transmit come dynamic power, and
Air compartment is mended afterwards for supplementing air, to guarantee that the excess air coefficient of subsequent catalyst oxidation process is approximately 1；CO catalysis oxidation dress
CO imperfect combustion in flue gas can all be aoxidized, it is dirty to reduce environment by the CO catalyst adhered in the catalyst carrier set
Dye.
Further, excess air coefficient is less than 1 during combustion with meagre oxygen Indoor Combustion, in excess air coefficient 0.8
When~0.9, natural gas molecule is relatively more, can make full use of the oxygen in gaseous mixture, mixture combustion speed is fast, heat loss
Small, when other conditions are identical, output power is maximum, it is ensured that while NOx emission is reduced, engine reaches maximum work output
Rate；And in CO catalytic oxidizing equipment, CO remaining in flue gas can all be aoxidized, CO is avoided to discharge.
In conclusion internal-combustion engine system of the invention burns rapidly under reducing atmosphere, and filled in CO catalysis oxidation
Interior low-temperature oxidation is set almost without the generation of NOx, thus can strict control level of NOx emission, reduce environmental pollution；Of the invention is poor
Oxygen combustion catalysis aoxidizes the gas internal-combustion engine method of UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, recycles heat while can effectively reduce the discharge of NOx.This is
It unites applied widely, can be applied to various types of Structures of Internal-Combustion Engine.
Below by drawings and examples, technical scheme of the present invention will be described in further detail.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention.
Wherein：1. internal combustion engine；2. generator；3. connecting flue；4. waste heat boiler；5. combustion with meagre oxygen room；6. spark plug；7.
Piston；8. crankshaft-link rod；9. inlet valve；10. exhaust valve；11. heat exchanger；12. high temperature air entrance；13. mending air compartment；14.CO
Catalytic oxidizing equipment；15. jet chimney.
Specific embodiment
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term " on ", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner",
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "outside", " side ", " one end ", " one side " is that orientation based on the figure or position are closed
System, is merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, rather than the device or element of indication or suggestion meaning must have
Specific orientation is constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore is not considered as limiting the invention.In addition, in the present invention
Description in, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of " plurality " is two or more.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phase
Even ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or be integrally connected；It can
To be mechanical connection, it is also possible to be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also can be indirectly connected through an intermediary
Connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood at this with concrete condition
Concrete meaning in invention.
The present invention provides distributed gas energy utilization systems and method based on combustion with meagre oxygen catalysis oxidation, using work
The internal combustion engine of plug structure keeps excess air coefficient less than 1 in combustion chamber, and about 0.9, combustion gas combustion with meagre oxygen here,
The power generation of crankshaft rod structure output mechanical energy is driven, since hypoxemia, temperature low and high temperature duration are short, NOx is avoided from source
Generation.Then flue gas enters connection flue, after high temperature air entrance mends wind, low-temperature flue gas afterburning here, and excess air
Coefficient is approximately 1~1.05, and under the effect of CO catalytic oxidizing equipment, remnants CO is all aoxidized in flue gas.Then flue gas is sent into
In waste heat boiler, realize heat recovery and utilization, by by combustion gas low temperature fractional combustion, it can be achieved that efficiently low NOxDischarge reduces big
Gas pollution；It realizes and establishes the clean and effective distributed gas that combined heat and power, heat at customer charge center rationally recycle
Energy utilization system.It is reasonable in design, efficiency of energy utilization can be made to maximize, energy conservation and environmental protection is applied widely, can answer
For various types of Structures of Internal-Combustion Engine.
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention is based on the distributed gas energy utilization system of combustion with meagre oxygen catalysis oxidation, including internal combustion
Machine 1, generator 2, connection flue 3 and waste heat boiler 4, internal combustion engine 1 are piston cylinder operator, are connect with generator 2, in internal combustion engine 1
The cavity in portion is connect by connection flue 3 with waste heat boiler 4.
Cavity inside internal combustion engine 1 is combustion with meagre oxygen room 5, and the upper end of combustion with meagre oxygen room 5 is provided with spark plug 6, spark plug 6
Two sides are respectively arranged with inlet valve 9 and exhaust valve 10, and the lower part of combustion with meagre oxygen room 5 is provided with piston 7 and connect with piston 7
Crankshaft-link rod 8, crankshaft-link rod 8 are connect through belt or gear with generator 2.
It has been sequentially arranged heat exchanger 11 in connection flue 3, has mended air compartment 13 and CO catalytic oxidizing equipment 14, connection flue 3
Smoke inlet is connected with the exhaust valve 10 of internal combustion engine 1, and the exhanst gas outlet of connection flue 3 is connected with the smoke inlet of waste heat boiler
Logical, the arrival end of connection flue 3 arranges heat exchanger 11, the high-temperature flue gas that internal combustion engine is discharged is reduced near 600 DEG C, heat exchanger
11 can provide heat for user, realize that the energy distribution of cogeneration utilizes, and mending the two sides of air compartment 13 or more layered arrangement has
Multiple high temperature air entrances 12, air are uniformly sent into herein, and it is appropriate empty by supplement to mend air compartment 13 and CO catalytic oxidizing equipment 14
Gas guarantees that excess air coefficient is similar to 1 herein, remaining CO catalysis burning completely here.
CO catalytic oxidizing equipment 14 uses CeO2Aeroge supports CuO as CO catalyst, and NO+ can also be used in catalyst layer
The catalysts selective of CO, realizes clean and effective low NOx drainage, the excess air coefficient of CO catalytic oxidizing equipment 14 is 1~
1.05, remaining CO catalysis burning completely here, combustion with meagre oxygen room 5 is interior to keep excess air coefficient 0.8~0.9, the day of feeding
Right gas combustion with meagre oxygen here.
The lack of gas of internal combustion engine discharge are connected the smoke inlet of flue 3 and enter connection flue 3, then in turn through heat exchanger
11, it is discharged after several high temperature air entrances 12, benefit air compartment 13 and CO catalytic oxidizing equipment 14 from the exhanst gas outlet of connection flue 3,
Enter waste heat boiler 4 by the smoke inlet of waste heat boiler 4, the jet chimney 15 of heat convection is disposed in waste heat boiler 4, uses
In reduction exhaust gas temperature, and heat is provided a user, realizes that combustion gas clean and effective distribution utilizes.
It connects the flue gas that flue 3 is discharged to be sent into waste heat boiler 4, exchanges heat with the vapor in jet chimney 15, meet enterprise
Industry boiler heat demand realizes the distributed gas using energy source of clean and effective, and then flue gas is discharged through exhanst gas outlet.
The specific working principle is as follows：
For the fuel used natural gas storing of internal combustion engine 1 in compressed gas cylinder, natural gas passes through heat exchange after pressure reducing valve depressurizes
Device the pre-heat treatment is then mixed with pressurized air, is sucked in internal combustion engine 1 through inlet valve 9, after the igniting of spark plug 6, in gas
It burns in combustion with meagre oxygen room 5 in cylinder, keeps excess air coefficient less than 1 in the area, about 0.8~0.9, maintenance, which is reacted, is
The NOx of reproducibility atmosphere, generation is greatly decreased, since the oxygen in conjunction with nitrogen is fewer and fewer, and due to combustion of natural gas
Speed is accelerated, and shortens so that high-temperature fuel gas is detained the time in cylinder, and the reduction and the shortening of residence time of oxygen constrain NOx jointly
Generation.
In addition excessive methane can not only restore a part of NOx, but also can absorb heat in a part of cylinder, so that in cylinder
Temperature reduces, the generation of NOx of the insufficient joint effect of temperature and oxygen, and natural gas molecule is relatively more at this time, can be abundant
Using the oxygen in gaseous mixture, mixture combustion speed is fast, and heat loss is small, and when other conditions are identical, output power is maximum, can
While guaranteeing that NOx emission is reduced, engine reaches peak power output.After low-temperature burning reaction, due to excessive sky
Gas coefficient is lower, and methane is imperfect combustion, contains a small amount of CO, about 1% or so.
Combustion gas expansion work band piston 6 moves reciprocatingly, and then crankshaft-link rod 8 is driven to rotate, output mechanical energy.And lead to
Cross the belt being attached thereto or gear and the mechanical energy that internal combustion engine 1 exports be transmitted to generator 2, generator 2 using transmitting come
Dynamic power.
The lack of gas downlink being discharged from exhaust valve 10 carries out heat convection by heat exchanger 11, and flue-gas temperature is reduced to 600
Near DEG C, the heat that heat exchanger 11 obtains is exported to user.Then flue gas is through overfill air compartment 13, by high temperature air entrance 12 to
Benefit air compartment 13, which is layered, is uniformly passed through appropriate high temperature air, guarantees that in 14 position excess air coefficient of CO catalytic oxidizing equipment be about 1
~1.05.CO in CO catalytic oxidizing equipment 14 in imperfect combustion flue gas is all aoxidized by CO catalyst, due to herein
Temperature is lower, and the NOx of generation is few.Then the lack of gas still having surplus heat are introduced into waste heat boiler 4, energy is recycled into benefit
With.
Present invention only requires CuO as catalyst, is only used to CO catalytic oxidation, and operation and maintenance cost are cheap, have higher
Economy.It is reasonable in design, efficiency of energy utilization can be made to maximize, energy conservation and environmental protection is applied widely, can be applied to
Various types of Structures of Internal-Combustion Engine.
The Distribution of Natural formula energy of high-efficiency low-pollution can be achieved in the present invention, establishes at customer charge center, it can be achieved that hair
Motivation stable and high effective operation, while meeting enterprise's heat demand, energy consumption, energy conservation and environmental protection are reduced while exporting electric energy.With energy
Effect utilizes the features such as reasonable, loss is small, pollutes less, flexible operation, and system economy is good.
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.The present invention being described and shown in usually here in attached drawing is real
The component for applying example can be arranged and be designed by a variety of different configurations.Therefore, below to the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings
The detailed description of embodiment be not intended to limit the range of claimed invention, but be merely representative of of the invention selected
Embodiment.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained without creative efforts
The every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A kind of distributed energy method of combustion with meagre oxygen catalysis oxidation UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, includes the following steps：
Natural gas in S1, compressed gas cylinder mixes after depressurizing the pre-heat treatment with pressurized air, sucks through inlet valve 9
In internal combustion engine 1, after the igniting of spark plug 6, burn in combustion with meagre oxygen room 5 in cylinder, high temperature combustion zone formed here, in height
Excess air coefficient 0.8~0.9 is kept in warm combustion zone, maintaining reaction is combustion with meagre oxygen atmosphere；
S2, combustion gas expansion work band piston 7 move reciprocatingly, and then crankshaft-link rod 8 are driven to rotate, and pass through belt or tooth
The mechanical energy that internal combustion engine 1 exports is transmitted to generator 2 by wheel, generator 2 using transmit come dynamic power；Imperfect combustion
High-temperature flue gas is discharged through exhaust valve 10, into connection flue 3；
S3, after passing through the reduction temperature of heat exchanger 11 from the high-temperature flue gas that internal combustion engine 1 is discharged, into air compartment 13 is mended, air compartment is mended
13 are layered by high temperature air entrance 12 and are uniformly passed through air；
S4, mixed gas enter CO catalytic oxidizing equipment 14, in CO catalytic oxidizing equipment 14 excess air coefficient be 1~
1.05, the CO in CO catalytic oxidizing equipment 14 in imperfect combustion flue gas is all aoxidized, and then flue gas is sent to waste heat
Heat is recycled in boiler 4.
Be disposed with jet chimney 15 in S5, waste heat boiler 4, connect the flue gas being sent into flue here with jet chimney 15
In vapor heat convection, further decrease exhaust gas temperature, and provide a user heat.Then flue gas goes out through waste heat boiler 4
Mouth discharge.
The clean and effective distributed gas energy resource system of combustion with meagre oxygen catalysis oxidation UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN of the invention will be by that will fire
Gas low temperature fractional combustion reduces atmosphere pollution, it can be achieved that high efficency low NOx discharge；Avoid traditional SCR denitration device in denitrification process
In encounter catalyst optimum temperature limitation, spray the serious problems such as ammonia mixing uniformity and catalyst waste disposal, avoid ammonia
Problem of environmental pollution caused by escape etc..It realizes and establishes in user side, the distributed energy that combined heat and power, heat rationally recycle
Source system.NOx generation is avoided from source, denitration effect is more preferable.
The above content is merely illustrative of the invention's technical idea, and this does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention, all to press
According to technical idea proposed by the present invention, any changes made on the basis of the technical scheme each falls within claims of the present invention
Protection scope within.
Claims (10)
1. the distributed gas energy utilization system based on combustion with meagre oxygen catalysis oxidation, which is characterized in that including internal combustion engine (1),
Generator (2), connection flue (3) and waste heat boiler (4), internal combustion engine (1) is interior to be provided with combustion with meagre oxygen room (5), is connected flue (3)
It is provided with CO catalytic oxidizing equipment (14) and heat exchanger (11), combustion with meagre oxygen room (5) are by connection flue (3) and waste heat boiler
(4) it connects, for waste heat boiler (4) for carrying out heat exchange utilization to the flue gas of feeding, generator (2) connect composition with internal combustion engine (1)
Distributed gas energy utilization system.
2. a kind of distributed gas energy utilization system based on combustion with meagre oxygen catalysis oxidation according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, combustion with meagre oxygen room (5) are located in the upper cavity in internal combustion engine (1) cylinder, keep excessive in combustion with meagre oxygen room (5)
Air coefficient is 0.8~0.9, carries out combustion with meagre oxygen for the natural gas to feeding.
3. a kind of distributed gas energy utilization system based on combustion with meagre oxygen catalysis oxidation according to claim 1 or 2,
It is characterized in that, the upper end of combustion with meagre oxygen room (5) is provided with spark plug (6), spark plug (6) two sides are respectively arranged with inlet valve
(9) it is connected with exhaust valve (10), exhaust valve (10) with flue (3) are connect.
4. a kind of distributed gas energy utilization system based on combustion with meagre oxygen catalysis oxidation according to claim 1 or 2,
It is characterized in that, the lower part of combustion with meagre oxygen room (5) is provided with piston (7), the crankshaft-link rod (8) of piston (7) passes through belt or tooth
Wheel is connect with generator (2).
5. a kind of distributed gas energy utilization system based on combustion with meagre oxygen catalysis oxidation according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, internal combustion engine (1) is provided with exhaust valve (10), and the smoke inlet of connection flue (3) is connect with exhaust valve (10), is connected
The exhanst gas outlet of flue (3) and the smoke inlet of waste heat boiler connect, and heat exchanger (11) is located at smoke inlet, CO catalysis oxidation
Device (14) is located at smoke outlet, is provided between heat exchanger (11) and CO catalytic oxidizing equipment (14) and mends air compartment (13).
6. a kind of distributed gas energy utilization system based on combustion with meagre oxygen catalysis oxidation according to claim 5,
It is characterized in that, mending air compartment (13), layered arrangement has multiple high temperature air entrances (12) up and down.
7. a kind of distributed gas energy utilization system based on combustion with meagre oxygen catalysis oxidation according to claim 5,
It is characterized in that, the interior CO catalyst of CO catalytic oxidizing equipment (14) uses CeO2Aeroge supports CuO catalyst, CO catalysis oxidation dress
The excess air coefficient for setting (14) is 1~1.05.
8. a kind of distributed gas energy utilization system based on combustion with meagre oxygen catalysis oxidation according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the jet chimney (15) for heat exchange is provided in waste heat boiler (4), and flue gas leads to after jet chimney (15) exchange heat
Cross the exhanst gas outlet discharge of waste heat boiler (4).
9. a kind of method using distributed gas energy utilization system described in any one of any one of claims 1 to 88, feature exist
In keeping excess air coefficient less than 1 in the combustion with meagre oxygen room of internal combustion engine, natural gas exists using the internal combustion engine of piston cylinder operator
Combustion with meagre oxygen drives the power generation of crankshaft rod structure output mechanical energy in combustion with meagre oxygen room, and then flue gas enters connection flue, through height
After warm air entrance mends wind, low-temperature flue gas carries out afterburning, under the effect of CO catalytic oxidizing equipment in flue gas remnants CO by whole oxygen
Change, excess air coefficient is 1~1.05 in CO catalytic oxidizing equipment, and finally flue gas is sent into waste heat boiler, realizes that heat returns
It receives and utilizes.
10. a kind of distributed gas energy utilizing method based on combustion with meagre oxygen UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN according to claim 9,
It is characterized in that, includes the following steps：
S1, natural gas suck in internal combustion engine after mixing after depressurizing the pre-heat treatment with pressurized air, pass through plug ignition
Burning forms high temperature combustion zone in interior combustion with meagre oxygen room afterwards, and it is 0.8~0.9 that excess air coefficient is kept in high temperature combustion zone,
Maintaining reaction is combustion with meagre oxygen atmosphere；
S2, combustion gas expansion work drive reciprocating motion of the pistons to drive crankshaft-link rod rotation, by belt or gear that internal combustion engine is defeated
Mechanical energy out is transmitted to electrical power generators, and imperfect combustion high-temperature flue gas enters connection flue through exhaust valve；
S3, enter after the heat exchanger reduction temperature that the high-temperature flue gas that internal combustion engine is discharged passes through connection flue and mend air compartment, mend air compartment
Air is uniformly passed through by the layering of high temperature air entrance；
S4, enter CO catalytic oxidizing equipment by mending the mixed gas of air compartment, it is imperfect combustion in CO catalytic oxidizing equipment
CO in flue gas is all aoxidized, and then flue gas is sent into waste heat boiler and recycles heat；
It is disposed with jet chimney in S5, waste heat boiler, connects the vapor convection current in the flue gas and jet chimney being sent into flue
Heat exchange reduces exhaust gas temperature, and provides heat, and last flue gas is discharged through the outlet of waste heat boiler.
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