CN108843244A - Underground primacord explosion expanding method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of underground primacord explosion expanding methods, and steps are as follows：In the bottom of drill string, successively installation neck eye hole-drawing device, explosion reamer and reducing repair hole device from bottom to top；Drill string downlink in rotation, when drill string comes downwards to explosion reamer and the completely concordant height of predetermined reaming section, drill string stops downlink and stops rotating；It opens slush pump and is forced into detonation setting pressure and ignite the primacord for the reamer that explodes, the shock wave for generation of exploding causes the formation rock crushing and rupture of this section of circle, to realize reaming in rock of borehole；Slush pump is opened to operational discharge capacity, landwaste caused by explosion reaming is carried out into ground；Drill string continues traveling downwardly so that reducing is repaired hole device arrival reaming section and modified to the borehole wall of reaming section；Tripping in caliper logging tool detects hole diameter after trip-out, judges whether to meet scheduled reaming requirement.This method reaming speed is fast, and underground risk is low, and avoids making a trip repeatedly, greatly improves drilling efficiency.

Description

Underground primacord explosion expanding method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of underground primacord explosion expanding methods, belong to technical field of oil drilling equipment.

Background technique

In petroleum drilling operation, Creep of gypsum and extruding can cause hole shrinkage, bit freezing, setting of casing difficulty, well cementation matter It measures difference and squeezes and ruin casing etc., cause serious drilling failure.When boring chance saline bed stratum, conventional way is to take early open The method that pump, evening pluck pump, diligent reaming, strict control drilling speed, and increase drilling fluid density, prevent saline bed compacted by pressure difference Become, but all cannot fundamentally solve the above hidden danger.More safe way is to expand saline bed well using underreamer technology The wellbore of section, to increase cement thickness, improves cementing quality and guarantor to offset displacement caused by Creep of gypsum Casing is protected.In addition, bore meet easily leakage, easily collapse, the bad grounds such as easy undergauge when, need to implement expansion tube closure intricately Layer construction；Or by casing programme, casing size is limited and needs the large-sized casing of tripping at the middle and upper levels, is also required to above to being bored Well section carries out ream operation.

Traditional ream operation method generallys use reaming and Double Circular Bit after Waterpower hydraulic pressure reamer is bored and carries out with brill Reaming.Top in Waterpower hydraulic pressure reamer body is equipped with a piston, and top land is connected with spring.Reamer is in the spare time When setting state, reaming wing is retracted in ontology；When needing to carry out reaming hole operation, that is, increase drilling well flow velocity, cleaner for high-pressure drilling fluid Form certain pressure difference by throttling set, pressure difference pushes piston to do the movement of compressed spring, while the rack gear of piston with Gear engagement on reaming hole body, opens cornish bit chord, realizes reaming drilling.Double Circular Bit is by pilot bit and reaming wing two Part forms, and neck eye portion is almost the same with conventional bit structure, and the bottom in pit shaft when drilling can drill out a diameter Lesser neck eye；Reaming wing is the prism structure with cutting edge, the side of circumferentially disposed Double Circular Bit, usually only It is distributed within the scope of quarter turn, energy high-ranking military officer's eye expands as the wellbore of technique desired size.

Due to being influenced by reaming formation compaction intensity, formation hardness and wellbore hole deviation, conventional hydraulic hydraulic underreamer into After row bores reaming there are the reamer breaking wing, pore-enlargement is long, reaming torque is big, drilling tool risk is high, reaming effect is poor the problems such as. Double Circular Bit carries out enlarging while drilling there are pore-enlargements the problems such as long, reaming torque is big, bit life is short.Especially leakage, Ream operation is carried out in the stratum easily to collapse, difficulty is larger, and risk is higher, and reaming precision not can guarantee sometimes, this is largely On limit drillng operation next step construction.

Drill string, which is gone into the well, must first carry out reaming, and traditional reaming tool generally uses tooth milling roller bit, when mill teeth rotary drill When head downlink is obstructed, need to pull out of hole and transfer neck eye tool.General neck eye tool mainly has neck eye die nipple and neck eye scraper, neck Eye die nipple structure be on the basis of die nipple in cone welding blade, by female connector, blade, guide bar and shape of a hoof end Four part of portion composition；The structure for leading eye scraper is the welding blade on stepped cylindrical ontology, by female connector, blade, ontology, is led Draw column composition.It descends tooth milling roller bit to continue reaming again after neck eye, makes a trip repeatedly in this way, waste many working hours；Also It is easy to mark new eye, the method that small bit pressure is usually taken, is interrupted reaming reduces reaming efficiency, waste of time.Outside wheel carrier The gauge teeth of side is insufficient to borehole wall cutting force, and reaming effect is limited.It is small to return bits channel, lifts from the top and puts down and easily suppresses pump.

Summary of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to overcome problems of the prior art, a kind of underground primacord explosion reaming is provided Method, reaming speed is fast, and reaming effect is good, and underground risk is low, and avoids making a trip repeatedly, greatly improves drilling efficiency.

In order to solve the above technical problems, a kind of underground primacord of the invention explosion expanding method successively includes following step Suddenly：(1) in the bottom of drill string installation neck eye hole-drawing device；(2) be screwed on the reamer that explodes above neck eye hole-drawing device；(3) explode The reducing that is screwed on above reamer repairs hole device；(4) reducing repairs the upper end of hole device and is connected with the drill string of top；(5) drawn in neck eye Under the guiding of eye device, drill string downlink in rotation, while leading a hole-drawing device that can remove the sundries being attached on the borehole wall；(6) drill string is worked as When coming downwards to explosion reamer and the completely concordant height of predetermined reaming section, drill string stops downlink and stops rotating；(7) mud is opened Stock pump is simultaneously forced into primacord ignition of the detonation setting pressure by the reamer that explodes, and the shock wave for generation of exploding is in borehole wall rock Shi Shang causes the formation rock of this section of circle to crush and rupture, to realize reaming；(8) slush pump is opened to operational discharge capacity, Landwaste caused by explosion reaming is carried out into ground；(9) drill string is continued traveling downwardly in rotation, so that reducing repairs the arrival of hole device Reaming section modifies the borehole wall of reaming section；(10) drill string rises and is drilled into ground；(11) well is detected by cable tripping in caliper logging tool Diameter judges whether to meet scheduled reaming requirement.

Compared with the existing technology, the present invention achieves following beneficial effect：During drill string is gone into the well, neck eye hole-drawing device is risen To guide function, while the sundries being attached on the borehole wall can be removed, guarantee that explosion reamer smoothly reaches predetermined reaming section, use Explosion reamer carries out explosion reaming, does not need to continue rotary tools and starts other power-equipments, no down-hole equipment risk can To realize fixed point, quick, safe and efficient, inexpensive down-hole, and it is easy to operate.Reaming drill string continues traveling downwardly, and passes through Reducing is repaired hole device and is modified to the borehole wall of reaming section, avoids boring down again after pulling out of hole, reducing repairs hole device and is adapted to well The reaming section that diameter increases.

As an improvement of the present invention, the explosion reamer includes the reaming top connection and reaming lower contact being mutually screwed on, The inner cavity top of the reaming top connection is equipped with reaming top connection box thread, and the lower end of the reaming lower contact is screwed with propagation of explosion and connects Head, the lower end of the transmission detonation joint are screwed with the loading pole extended downwardly, and the top of the loading pole is equipped with along explosion rod axis The loading pole centre bore of extension, the lower end of the loading pole are screwed with loading pole lower contact；The outer wall of the loading pole is equipped with disk The helicla flute extended is revolved, is embedded with primacord in the helicla flute, the lower end of the primacord is fixed under the loading pole and connects In head, the upper end of the primacord is inserted into loading pole and is fixed in the loading pole centre bore；The inner cavity of the transmission detonation joint Equipped with the propagation of explosion component that can ignite primacord, the inner cavity lower part of the reaming lower contact, which is equipped with, ignites rising for the propagation of explosion component Quick-fried device, the inner cavity of the reaming top connection are equipped with the pressure blasting device that can hit the initiator.Slush pump is opened to brill The pressurization of bar inner cavity, the pressure of drilling fluid unlock pressure blasting device, hit the initiator of lower section, the shock wave of initiator output It ignites propagation of explosion component and primacord, the built-in high explosive of primacord, explosion velocity is up to 7800m/s, moment heavy explosion, due to primacord Several weeks are wound in the helicla flute of loading pole, the shock wave for generation of exploding causes this section of circle in rock of borehole Formation rock crushing and rupture, to achieve the effect that reaming.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the installation steps of the explosion reamer are as follows：First by the primacord Upper end is inserted into the loading pole centre bore, and then the primacord is wrapped in the helicla flute of loading pole, and primacord Lower end is fixed in the loading pole lower contact, and the upper end of the loading pole is mutually screwed on the transmission detonation joint makes primacord upper end With the propagation of explosion attached components in transmission detonation joint, then the upper end of the transmission detonation joint and the reaming lower contact, which are screwed on, makes institute Initiator is stated to be connected with the propagation of explosion component, then the reaming lower contact is screwed in below the reaming top connection make it is described Pressure blasting device is connected with the initiator, and last entire explosion Counterboring apparatus is screwed in described by the reaming top connection Reducing repairs the lower end of hole device.Guarantee being reliably connected between pressure blasting device, initiator, propagation of explosion component and primacord, really Guarantor can successively trigger in underground, and primacord is wrapped in the helicla flute of loading pole, on the one hand can to avoid during going into the well with The borehole wall occur scratch and be damaged, another aspect primacord explosion time generation shock wave can act directly on the borehole wall, not by Loss, and the uniform shock on borehole wall circumference.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the pressure blasting device includes being located at reaming top connection inner cavity lower part Perforated baffle and striker, the perforated baffle is located at the lower section of reaming top connection box thread, and the striker is located at the aperture It the lower section of baffle and is extended downwardly along the centre bore of the reaming top connection, the periphery of the striker passes through O-ring and the expansion Top connection centre bore in hole realizes sealing；The lower end of the striker is inserted into the inner cavity of the reaming lower contact, under the striker It is plugged with shear pin on the circumference of end, the external end head of the shear pin is inlaid in striker bushing, the lower end branch of the striker bushing On the step of the reaming lower contact, the upper end of the striker bushing is resisted against under the lower end surface of the reaming top connection for support Side；The lower end tip of the striker is directed at the upper end center of the initiator；It is described when slush pump is forced into detonation setting pressure Shear pin is cut, the striker fast downlink, and initiator described in the lower end tip high-speed impact of striker is ignited.Shear pin Striker is fixed in striker bushing and the centre bore of reaming top connection, striker bushing is fixed on the lower end surface of reaming top connection Between the interior step of reaming lower contact, prevent striker during going into the well since gravity moves down；Shear pin has certain Intensity in case pipe string vibration when damage, it is ensured that safety, and can slush pump be forced into detonation setting pressure when reliably cut It is disconnected, initiator is ignited by the high-speed impact of striker.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the explosion reamer includes under the reaming top connection and reaming being mutually screwed on Connector, the lower end of the reaming lower contact are screwed with transmission detonation joint, and the lower end of the transmission detonation joint is screwed with the expansion extended downwardly Hole rifle, the lower end of the reaming rifle are screwed with reaming rifle lower contact, and the lower end of the reaming rifle lower contact is equipped under reaming rifle and connects Head；It is evenly distributed with multiple blind holes on the gun barrel of the reaming rifle, the reaming rifle lumen centers are equipped with firing mount, on the firing mount It is evenly distributed with the reaming bullet with blind hole one-to-one correspondence and coaxial line on the reaming rifle, the center of the firing mount, which is equipped with, ignites The primacord of each reaming bullet, the lower end of the primacord are fixed on the lower end of the firing mount, and institute is inserted into the upper end of the primacord It states in the centre bore of transmission detonation joint；The inner cavity of the transmission detonation joint is equipped with the detonating primer that can ignite primacord, connects under the reaming The inner cavity lower part of head is equipped with the initiator for igniting the detonating primer, described in the inner cavity of the reaming top connection is equipped with and can hit The pressure blasting device of initiator.Under the guiding neck eye effect of reaming rifle lower contact, reaming rifle is lowered with drilling rod to predetermined Reaming position, be then turned on slush pump to drilling rod inner cavity pressurize, the pressure of drilling fluid make pressure blasting device unlock, under shock The initiator of side, the shock wave initiation detonating primer and primacord of initiator output, the built-in insensitiveness high explosive of primacord, explosion velocity are up to 7800m/s, each reaming bullet heavy explosion in moment reaming rifle, the blind hole on reaming rifle are blown, the shock wave for generation of exploding It acts in rock of borehole, causes the formation rock of this section of circle to crush and rupture, to achieve the effect that reaming；Then will Slush pump is opened to operational discharge capacity, and landwaste caused by explosion reaming is carried out ground, then passes through cable tripping in calliper log Instrument detects hole diameter, judges whether to meet scheduled reaming requirement.The device does not need rotary tools and starts other power-equipments, Without down-hole equipment risk, fixed point, quick, safe and efficient, inexpensive down-hole may be implemented, and easy to operate.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the reaming bullet includes shell case, and the shell case is directed toward the interior of reaming gun axis line End is in truncated cone, and the inner termination of the shell case is equipped with shell case propagation of explosion centre bore, is filled in the shell case propagation of explosion centre bore Reaming bullet booster explosive, the inner cavity of the shell case are equipped with cavity liner, the cavity liner be taper and with the shell case coaxial line, it is described Cavity liner is the axis that the vertex of a cone is perpendicularly oriented to reaming rifle, and reaming bullet master is filled between the cavity liner and the inner wall of the shell case Powder charge, the vertex of a cone of the reaming bullet main charge are connected to each other with the reaming bullet booster explosive.Primacord ignites reaming bullet booster explosive, Reaming bullet booster explosive ignites reaming bullet main charge, and cavity liner is blown, and the shock wave of generation of exploding is by the blind hole on reaming rifle It blows, and acts in rock of borehole, realize the purpose of reaming.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the bore seal of the initiator is filled with detonating charge, the initiator Upper end be located in the centre bore of the reaming lower contact, the lower end of the initiator is plugged in the counterbore of plug screw, the spiral shell The periphery of plug is screwed in the lower end screw hole of the reaming lower contact, and the bottom centre of the plug screw is equipped with plug screw centre bore and institute Plug screw counterbore is stated to connect；The center bore inner wall of the reaming top connection is equipped with reaming top connection inner groove, connects in the reaming Head inner groove is looped around the top periphery of the striker, is symmetrically arranged with reaming top connection radial hole in the reaming top connection It connects with the reaming top connection inner groove.Plug screw, which is screwed in upwards from below in the screw hole of reaming lower contact, consolidates initiator Fixed, initiator, which is under pressure after the striker impact of priming device, to be ignited, shock wave from the plug screw centre bore of plug screw bottom downwards Propagation of explosion component transmitting.When striker is in non-unlocked state, drilling fluid, that is, mud of drilling rod inner cavity is close by the O-ring of striker periphery It seals；When slush pump is forced into setting value, shear pin is cut, striker fast downlink percussion primer, at this time top connection diameter Expose to hole, the drilling fluid of drilling rod inner cavity is flowed out from top connection inner groove and top connection radial hole, and the pressure of slush pump occurs acute Strong fluctuation, construction personnel learn that explosion reaming has been realized in underground by the fluctuation of mud pump pressure on well.

As a further improvement of the present invention, it includes repairing hole device outer cylinder that the reducing, which repairs hole device, described to repair hole device outer cylinder Upper end be equipped with taper box thread, the middle part for repairing hole device outer cylinder short transverse be reducer, it is described to repair the interior of hole device outer cylinder Chamber, which is equipped with, has three with the mandrel on the device of hole of repairing of repairing hole device outer cylinder coaxial line, the reducer outer wall uniform winding for repairing hole device outer cylinder Screw wing is uniformly distributed on every screw wing there are five screw wing radial hole, is respectively equipped with radial direction in each screw wing radial hole Piston, the inner termination of each radial piston are respectively equipped with radial piston inclined-plane, three radial pistons on the same circumference Radial piston inclined-plane is born against on the same tapered ramp for repairing hole device tapered sleeve periphery, each described to repair hole device tapered sleeve and successively cover Mounted in the periphery for repairing mandrel on the device of hole, each three tapered ramps repaired on the device tapered sleeve of hole be centrosymmetric setting and under End is tilted to axis direction respectively；T-slot, the diameter of the radial piston are respectively equipped on the tapered ramp for repairing hole device tapered sleeve The T shape tenon that can be slided along the T-slot is respectively equipped on piston inclined-plane, the T shape tenon is embedded in respectively in corresponding T-slot； The upper end for repairing mandrel on the device of hole, which is equipped with, repairs mandrel piston on the device of hole, the periphery sealing support for repairing mandrel piston on the device of hole In the inner wall for repairing hole device outer cylinder, the bottom surface for repairing mandrel piston on the device of hole is equipped with plane bearing, the plane bearing Lower section is equipped with upper spring seat, and the lower section of the upper spring seat is equipped with reset spring, and the lower end of the reset spring is supported on lower bullet On spring abutment, the lower spring cup is fixed on by repairing hole device lock pin and is repaired on the device outer cylinder of hole described.On three screw wings respectively Even distribution is there are five radial piston, and in equilateral triangle distribution, there are three radial pistons on each cross section；Due to radial piston T shape tenon on inclined-plane is matched with the T-slot on the tapered ramp for repairing hole device tapered sleeve so that radial piston inclined-plane always with repair hole The tapered ramp of device tapered sleeve fits.When slush pump is opened, the pressure of mud, which acts on, is repaired on the device of hole on mandrel piston, repairs hole device Upper mandrel overcomes the tension downlink of reset spring, and drive respectively repairs hole device tapered sleeve downlink, respectively repairs the upper of the tapered ramp of hole device tapered sleeve Portion and the radial piston inclined-plane of each radial piston fit, so that each radial piston is protruding, radial piston is to stretch out at this time State.When slush pump termination of pumping, the inside and outside differential pressure of tool is balanced, and it is multiple that mandrel uplink on the device of hole is repaired in the tension promotion of reset spring Position, the lower part for respectively repairing the tapered ramp of hole device tapered sleeve at this time and the radial piston inclined-plane of each radial piston fit, so that each diameter It is lower than the surface than screw wing to the outer end face of piston, radial piston is free state at this time.When slush pump is again turned on, repair Mandrel overcomes the tension downlink of reset spring again on the device of hole, and drive respectively repairs hole device tapered sleeve downlink, respectively repairs the wedge shape of hole device tapered sleeve The middle part on inclined-plane and the radial piston inclined-plane of each radial piston fit, so that the table of the outer end face of each radial piston and screw wing Face is concordant, and radial piston is concordant state at this time.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the lower end for repairing mandrel on the device of hole, which is screwed with, repairs mandrel under the device of hole, described The top for repairing mandrel under the device of hole, which is equipped with, repairs mandrel piston under the device of hole, it is described repair mandrel piston under the device of hole and be resisted against bottommost repair hole device Below the lower end surface of tapered sleeve, the subjacent for repairing mandrel piston under the device of hole is equipped with faced washer, under the faced washer End face is supported on the thrust ball bearing one with self-aligning seat washer, and the lower section of the thrust ball bearing one is equipped with unidirectional rotatable change The lower end surface of position ring, the transposition ring is supported on the thrust ball bearing two with self-aligning seat washer, and the thrust ball bearing two supports On transposition collar bearing seat, the transposition collar bearing seat is fixed by screws in described repair under the device of hole on the circumference of mandrel；It is described The periphery wall of transposition ring is symmetrically arranged with three groups of transposition sliding slots being recessed inwardly, periphery shape of three groups of transposition sliding slots in the transposition ring At end to end loop structure；The spiral underwing for repairing hole device outer cylinder is screwed with the transpositing pin radially extended respectively, The inner termination of the transpositing pin is inserted in respectively in corresponding transposition sliding slot；The transposition sliding slot includes being sequentially connected by skewed slot Kerve, elongated slot, kerve and short slot, each kerve is respectively positioned on the sustained height below skewed slot, and each elongated slot and short slot are respectively positioned on tiltedly The top of slot, the top of each elongated slot extend to the top of the transposition ring short transverse vertically upward, and the top of each short slot is located at The middle part of the transposition ring short transverse；The skewed slot successively links up kerve, elongated slot, kerve, short slot, kerve, length in fold-line-shaped Slot simultaneously forms circulation on the circumference of transposition ring.It repairs mandrel under the device of hole and follows and repair on the device of hole mandrel and respectively repair that hole device tapered sleeve is synchronous to be risen Drop, due to transpositing pin be fixed on repair it is motionless on the device outer cylinder of hole, the inner termination of transpositing pin be stuck in transposition sliding slot in, when transposition ring with each When repairing the lifting of hole device tapered sleeve, single direction rotation is carried out under the guiding of transposition sliding slot, thrust ball bearing one and thrust ball bearing two can To guarantee the rotation of transposition ring flexibly, transpositing pin is determined in the cooperation position of transposition sliding slot repairs hole device tapered sleeve in short transverse Position, to determine the state of radial piston.When slush pump is opened, the pressure promotion of mud repairs mandrel on the device of hole and respectively repairs hole Device tapered sleeve downlink, transpositing pin slides the top for respectively repairing the tapered ramp of hole device tapered sleeve at this time to the top of elongated slot and each radial direction is living The radial piston inclined-plane of plug fits, so that each radial piston is protruding, radial piston is stretching state at this time.Work as slush pump When termination of pumping, the inside and outside differential pressure of tool is balanced, and the tension promotion of reset spring is repaired mandrel uplink on the device of hole and resetted, and transpositing pin is sliding at this time To the bottom of kerve, the lower part for respectively repairing the tapered ramp of hole device tapered sleeve and the radial piston inclined-plane of each radial piston fit row, So that the outer end face of each radial piston is lower than the surface than screw wing, radial piston is free state at this time.When slush pump again When unlatching, the tension downlink that mandrel on the device of hole overcomes reset spring again is repaired, hole device tapered sleeve downlink is respectively repaired in drive, at this time transpositing pin It slides and respectively repairs the middle part of the tapered ramp of hole device tapered sleeve to the top of short slot and be affixed with the radial piston inclined-plane of each radial piston It closes, so that the flush of the outer end face of each radial piston and screw wing, radial piston is concordant state at this time.Pass through transpositing pin With the cooperation of transposition sliding slot, the adjustable height for respectively repairing hole device tapered sleeve can be accurately controlled, to accurately control radial piston Stretching state.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the neck eye hole-drawing device includes reaming drill string, and the reaming drill string includes certainly It is upper and under be successively linked together and the hole-drawing device female connector of coaxial line, reaming upper cone, hole-drawing device cylindrical body and reaming lower cone, The reaming upper cone is up-small and down-big structure, and the reaming lower cone is up big and down small structure, the hole-drawing device female connector Inner cavity is equipped with the box thread that is screwed on drilling rod, and the lower end of the box thread is equipped with and reaming drill string coaxial line and what is extended downwardly draw Eye device fluid course, the periphery of the reaming upper cone, hole-drawing device cylindrical body and reaming lower cone, which is evenly distributed with multiple tracks, to be had The reaming hurricane band of one fixed width, the rotation direction of each reaming hurricane band are dextrorotation, the top surface right side of each reaming hurricane band It is respectively equipped with the scraper caulking groove extended along reaming hurricane band, is embedded with reaming scraper respectively in each scraper caulking groove；Described stroke The bottom of cone is connected with neck eyeball forming head now, and the bottom of the neck eyeball forming head is equipped with multiple hole-drawing device hydrophthalmias, each described Hole-drawing device hydrophthalmia passes through hole-drawing device hydrophthalmia duct respectively and communicates with the hole-drawing device fluid course.During drill string is gone into the well, most The neck eyeball forming head of lower end is in wellbore middle always, avoids the possibility on wedging stratum；Reaming upper cone, hole-drawing device cylindrical body It is inlaid with reaming scraper on the reaming hurricane band of reaming lower cone periphery winding, removing the borehole wall when rotated makes the unimpeded nothing of wellbore Resistance, the tool improve the same of the effect of neck eye, reaming instead of the effect of common neck eye die nipple, neck eye scraper and rock bit When avoid the risk for marking new eye.Reaming hurricane band is located at the position of reaming lower cone periphery, and tactical diameter is smaller more down, Convenient for neck eye and reaming；The position diameter that reaming hurricane band is located at hole-drawing device cylindrical body periphery is maximum, can play the work of righting With；The position that reaming hurricane band is located at reaming upper cone periphery is up-small and down-big, above mentions convenient for reaming tool with drill string is smooth.Due to It is that cone-type spiral band and reaming drill string are integrally formed, spiral band strength is big, and the reaming scraper inlayed on reaming hurricane band is to the borehole wall Lateral force ability to bear is strong, obvious to the shear action of the borehole wall.When drill string comes downwards to the height of explosion reamer and predetermined reaming section When degree is completely concordant, drill string stops downlink and stops rotating；Slush pump pressurization triggering explosion reamer explosion, realizes reaming；So Drill string, which continues traveling downwardly, afterwards makes reducing repair the well section that hole device reaches reaming, and carrying out repairing hole to the well section makes reaming section rounding light It is sliding；So without making a trip repeatedly, reaming, reaming and the overall process for repairing hole can be completed, greatly improve the production efficiency of drilling well. Once lower bore can synchronize the effect for realizing neck eye, reaming to the tool, without making a trip repeatedly, can continuous reaming so that reaming Efficiency is further promoted, and can be shortened the processing time for meeting complicated state, improves production timeliness, preferable direct economy can be brought to imitate Benefit；The shortening of complex process time can substantially reduce probability and accelerate oil and gas development dynamics, band that the secondary failure in underground occurs Carry out considerable indirect economic effect.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1 for the present invention used underground primacord explosion Counterboring apparatus structural schematic diagram.

Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of explosion reamer embodiment one in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the enlarged drawing of the upper half Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of explosion reamer embodiment two in Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is the enlarged drawing of the upper half in Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of reaming bullet in Fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is the perspective view that reducing repairs hole device in Fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is the cross-sectional view that reducing repairs hole device in Fig. 1.

Fig. 9 is the perspective view that hole device tapered sleeve is repaired in Fig. 8.

Figure 10 is the perspective view of radial piston in Fig. 8.

Figure 11 is the main view of transposition ring in Fig. 8.

Figure 12 is the perspective view of Figure 11.

Figure 13 is the expanded view of transposition sliding slot in Figure 11.

Figure 14 is the structural schematic diagram that eye hole-drawing device is led in Fig. 1.

Figure 15 is the cross-sectional view in the middle section Figure 14.

Figure 16 is the structural schematic diagram of reaming hurricane band in Figure 14.

In figure：A. reducing repairs hole device；B. explode reamer；C. eye hole-drawing device is led；1. reaming top connection；1a. top connection Radial hole；1b. top connection inner groove；2. reaming lower contact；2a. sunk screw；3. transmission detonation joint；4. loading pole；4a. spiral Slot；4b. primacord；5. loading pole lower contact；6. pressure blasting device；6a. perforated baffle；6b. striker；6c. shear pin；6d. Striker bushing；7. initiator；8. plug screw；8a. plug screw centre bore；9. propagation of explosion component；9a. propagation of explosion assembly housing；The output of 9b. propagation of explosion Pipe；9c. high explosive shell.10. reaming rifle；10a. firing mount；10b. primacord；10c. positioning disk；10d. locating plate；10e. expands Hole rifle lower contact；11. detonating primer；12. supporting positive cover；13. reaming bullet；13a. shell case；13b. reaming bullet booster explosive；13a. reaming bullet Main charge；13d. cavity liner.14. repairing hole device outer cylinder；14a. screw wing；14b. repairs hole device liquid-passing hole；14c. filter plate；15. repairing Mandrel on the device of hole；15a. repairs mandrel piston on the device of hole；15b. plane bearing；16. reset spring；16a. upper spring seat；Under 16b. Spring base；16c. repairs hole device lock pin；17. repairing hole device tapered sleeve；17a. tapered ramp；17b.T shape slot；18. radial piston；18a. diameter To piston inclined-plane；18b.T shape tenon；18c. repairs hole button alloy knife；19. repairing mandrel under the device of hole；19a. repairs mandrel piston under the device of hole； 19b. faced washer；20. thrust ball bearing one；21. replace ring；21a. transposition sliding slot；21a1. kerve；21a2. elongated slot；21a3. Short slot；22. thrust ball bearing two；23. replace collar bearing seat；24. transpositing pin；25. compensating piston；26. repairing hole device Sealing shield ring； 27. assembly pad；28. repairing hole device orifice plate connector；29. repairing hole device orifice plate；30. repairing hole device orifice plate carrier；31. throttling cone；32. support Circle；33. adjusting gasket；34. repairing hole device lower contact；35. protecting connector.36. hole-drawing device female connector；37. reaming upper cone；38. Hole-drawing device cylindrical body；39. reaming lower cone；40. hole-drawing device fluid course；41. reaming hurricane band；41a. scraper caulking groove；41b. Reaming scraper；41c. reaming button alloy knife；42. leading eyeball forming head；42a. hole-drawing device hydrophthalmia；42b. hole-drawing device hydrophthalmia duct； 42c. hard alloy abrasion-resistant layer.

Specific embodiment

The expanding method as shown in Figure 1, underground primacord of the invention explodes, in turn includes the following steps：(1) in drill string Bottom installation neck eye hole-drawing device C；(2) be screwed on the reamer B that explodes above neck eye hole-drawing device C；(3) explosion reamer B's The top reducing that is screwed on repairs hole device A；(4) the upper end that reducing repairs hole device A is connected with the drill string of top；(5) neck eye hole-drawing device C's Under guiding, drill string downlink in rotation, while leading a hole-drawing device C that can remove the sundries being attached on the borehole wall；(6) when drill string downlink When to explosion reamer B and the completely concordant height of predetermined reaming section, drill string stopping downlink simultaneously being stopped rotating；(7) slush pump is opened And be forced into detonation setting pressure and ignite the primacord for the reamer B that explodes, the shock wave for generation of exploding is in rock of borehole On, cause the formation rock of this section of circle to crush and rupture, to realize reaming；(8) slush pump is opened to operational discharge capacity, it will Landwaste caused by explosion reaming carries out ground；(9) drill string is continued traveling downwardly in rotation, is expanded so that reducing is repaired hole device A and reached Hole section modifies the borehole wall of reaming section；(10) drill string rises and is drilled into ground；(11) hole diameter is detected by cable tripping in caliper logging tool, Judge whether to meet scheduled reaming requirement.

As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, the explosion reamer B of the embodiment of the present invention one includes 1 He of reaming top connection being mutually screwed on Reaming lower contact 2 is symmetrically screwed with sunk screw 2a, the inner termination point of sunk screw 2a on the top circumference of reaming lower contact 2 It is not inserted in the annular recess of 1 periphery wall of reaming top connection, to prevent reaming top connection 1 and reaming lower contact 2 from going into the well It is loosened in journey.The inner cavity top of reaming top connection 1 is equipped with reaming top connection box thread, and the lower end of reaming lower contact 2 is screwed on There is transmission detonation joint 3, the lower end of transmission detonation joint 3 is screwed with the loading pole 4 extended downwardly, and the top of loading pole 4 is equipped with along loading pole The loading pole centre bore that axis extends, the lower end of loading pole 4 is screwed with loading pole lower contact 5.

The outer wall of loading pole 4 is equipped with the helicla flute 4a for extension of spiraling, and is embedded with primacord 4b, primacord 4b in helicla flute 4a Lower end be fixed in loading pole lower contact 5, the upper end of primacord 4b insertion loading pole 4 and be fixed in loading pole centre bore； The inner cavity of transmission detonation joint 3 is equipped with the propagation of explosion component 9 that can ignite primacord 4b, and the inner cavity lower part of reaming lower contact 2 is equipped with ignition The initiator 7 of propagation of explosion component 9, the inner cavity of reaming top connection 1 be equipped with can percussion primer 7 pressure blasting device 6.

Pressure blasting device 6 includes the perforated baffle 6a and striker 6b positioned at 1 inner cavity lower part of reaming top connection, perforated baffle 6a is located at the lower section of reaming top connection box thread, and striker 6b is located at the lower section of perforated baffle 6a and along the center of reaming top connection 1 Hole extends downwardly, and the periphery of striker 6b is realized by O-ring and reaming top connection centre bore to be sealed；The lower end of striker 6b, which is inserted into, to be expanded In the inner cavity of hole lower contact 2, shear pin 6c is plugged on the lower circumferential of striker 6b, the external end head of shear pin 6c is inlaid in striker In bushing 6d, the lower end of striker bushing 6d is supported on the step of reaming lower contact 2, and the upper end of striker bushing 6d is resisted against reaming Below the lower end surface of top connection 1；The upper end center of the lower end tip alignment initiator 7 of striker 6b.

The bore seal of initiator 7 is filled with detonating charge, and the upper end of initiator 7 is located at the centre bore of reaming lower contact 2 In, the lower end of initiator 7 is plugged in the counterbore of plug screw 8, and the periphery of plug screw 8 is screwed in the lower end screw hole of reaming lower contact 2, The bottom centre of plug screw 8 is equipped with plug screw centre bore 8a and connects with plug screw counterbore.

Propagation of explosion component 9 includes the propagation of explosion assembly housing 9a in transmission detonation joint centre bore, and propagation of explosion assembly housing 9a's is upper Portion is shell reduced diameter section, and the lower part of propagation of explosion assembly housing 9a is shell enlarged diameter section, and the periphery of shell reduced diameter section passes through O-shaped Circle realizes with transmission detonation joint centre bore and seals that the top of shell enlarged diameter section is resisted against on the step of transmission detonation joint centre bore, shell The lower end center of body enlarged diameter section is connected with the propagation of explosion efferent duct 9b extended downwardly, the inner cavity of propagation of explosion efferent duct 9b and propagation of explosion component The centre bore of shell 9a connects, and the lower end of propagation of explosion efferent duct 9b is inserted into 4 centre bore of loading pole, and the upper end of primacord 4b is inserted Enter in propagation of explosion efferent duct 9b；The top of propagation of explosion assembly housing centre bore is equipped with high explosive shell 9c, under high explosive shell 9c End is supported on the step of propagation of explosion assembly housing centre bore, and the inner cavity of high explosive shell 9c is equipped with high explosive, high explosive shell The both ends of 9c are by high explosive enclosure cap cap closure.

The installation steps of explosion reamer B are as follows：It (1) first will be in the upper end the primacord 4b insertion loading pole equipped with explosive In heart hole, then primacord 4b is wrapped in the helicla flute 4a of loading pole 4, the lower end of primacord 4b is fixed under loading pole and connects In first 5；(2) high explosive shell 9c is from the upper step hole that top is fitted into propagation of explosion assembly housing 9a, high explosive shell 9c or more two Being sealed in the high explosive shell nut cap at end with sealant prevents high explosive from making moist, and the small end of propagation of explosion assembly housing 9a is inserted upwardly into biography In the centre bore of quick-fried connector 3, shell enlarged diameter section is resisted against on the step of transmission detonation joint centre bore and is positioned；Loading pole 4 Upper end is screwed on 3 phase of transmission detonation joint, is inserted into the lower end of propagation of explosion efferent duct 9b in loading pole centre bore, while primacord 4b Upper end is inserted into propagation of explosion efferent duct 9b；(3) plug screw 8 is screwed in the screw hole of reaming lower contact 2 upwards from below and consolidates initiator 7 Fixed, then the upper end of transmission detonation joint 3 is screwed on reaming lower contact 2 makes initiator 7 be connected with propagation of explosion component 9；(4) by striker bushing 6d is sleeved on the lower end of striker cylindrical portion, and shear pin 6c is inserted into the respective pin hole of striker bushing 6d and striker 6b；It will In the centre bore of the upper end insertion reaming top connection 1 of striker 6b；(5) reaming lower contact 2 is screwed under reaming top connection 1 again Side is supported on the lower end of striker bushing 6d on the step of reaming lower contact 2, and the upper end of striker bushing 6d, which is resisted against in reaming, to be connect Below first 1 lower end surface；(6) be symmetrically screwed on sunk screw 2a on the top circumference of reaming lower contact 2, and sunk screw 2a's is interior End is respectively inserted into the annular recess of 1 periphery wall of reaming top connection；(7) on the step below reaming top connection box thread Perforated baffle 6a is placed, reaming top connection 1 is then screwed in the lower end that reducing repairs hole device A.

It opens slush pump and is forced into setting value to drilling rod inner cavity, the pressure of drilling fluid cuts shear pin 6c, striker 6b Fast downlink, the lower end tip high-speed impact initiator 7 of striker 6b, which is ignited, generates shock wave, and shock wave is from 8 bottom of plug screw Plug screw centre bore 8a propagation of explosion component 9 downwards transmit；The high explosive shell of the explosion wave propagation of explosion component 9 of initiator 7 Primacord 4b in 9c, high explosive shell blast initiation propagation of explosion efferent duct 9b, the built-in high explosive of primacord 4b, explosion velocity are up to 7800m/s, moment heavy explosion.

The center bore inner wall of reaming top connection 1 is equipped with top connection inner groove 1b, and top connection inner groove 1b is looped around striker 6b Top periphery, be symmetrically arranged with top connection radial hole 1a and top connection inner groove 1b in reaming top connection 1 and connect.Striker When 6b is in non-unlocked state, drilling fluid, that is, mud of drilling rod inner cavity is sealed up by the O-ring of the periphery striker 6b；When slush pump plus When being depressed into setting value, shear pin 6c is cut, striker 6b fast downlink percussion primer 7, and top connection radial hole 1a exposes at this time, The drilling fluid of drilling rod inner cavity is flowed out from top connection inner groove 1b and top connection radial hole 1a, and violent wave occurs in the pressure of slush pump Dynamic, construction personnel learns that explosion reaming has been realized in underground by the fluctuation of mud pump pressure on well.

The crust of primacord 4b is special plastic, and built-in high explosive is a kind of high explosion velocity primacord, and explosion velocity is up to 7800m/ s；The high explosive can be applied to downhole temperature no more than 160 DEG C, and down-hole pressure is no more than 70MPa, and the underground construction time does not surpass It crosses in the environment of 48h；High explosive performance in high explosive shell 9c is same.

As shown in Figures 4 to 6, the explosion reamer B of the embodiment of the present invention two includes 1 He of reaming top connection being mutually screwed on The inner cavity top of reaming lower contact 2, reaming top connection 1 is equipped with reaming top connection box thread, and the lower end of reaming lower contact 2 is screwed with Transmission detonation joint 3, the lower end of transmission detonation joint 3 are screwed with the reaming rifle 10 extended downwardly, and the lower end of reaming rifle 10 is screwed with reaming rifle The lower end of lower contact 10e, reaming rifle lower contact 10e are equipped with the lower contact of reaming rifle；It is evenly distributed on the gun barrel of reaming rifle 10 more A blind hole, 10 lumen centers of reaming rifle are equipped with firing mount 10a, are evenly distributed with the blind hole on reaming rifle 10 one by one on firing mount 10a Corresponding and coaxial line reaming bullet 13, the center of firing mount 10a are equipped with the primacord 10b for igniting each reaming bullet 13, primacord 10b's Lower end is fixed on the lower end of firing mount 10a, and the upper end of primacord 10b is inserted into the centre bore of transmission detonation joint 3；Transmission detonation joint 3 it is interior Chamber is equipped with the detonating primer 11 that can ignite primacord 10b, and the inner cavity lower part of reaming lower contact 2 is equipped with the detonation for igniting detonating primer 11 Device 7, the inner cavity of reaming top connection 1 be equipped with can percussion primer 7 pressure blasting device 6.

Pressure blasting device 6 includes the perforated baffle 6a and striker 6b positioned at 1 inner cavity lower part of reaming top connection, perforated baffle 6a is located at the lower section of reaming top connection box thread, and striker 6b is located at the lower section of perforated baffle 6a and along the center of reaming top connection 1 Hole extends downwardly, and the periphery of striker 6b is realized by O-ring and reaming top connection centre bore to be sealed；The lower end of striker 6b, which is inserted into, to be expanded In the inner cavity of hole lower contact 2, shear pin 6c is plugged on the lower circumferential of striker 6b, the external end head of shear pin 6c is inlaid in striker In bushing 6d, the lower end of striker bushing 6d is supported on the step of reaming lower contact 2, and the upper end of striker bushing 6d is resisted against reaming Below the lower end surface of top connection 1；The upper end center of the lower end tip alignment initiator 7 of striker 6b.

Striker 6b is fixed in striker bushing 6d and the centre bore of reaming top connection 1 by shear pin 6c, striker bushing 6d quilt Be fixed between the lower end surface of reaming top connection 1 and the interior step of reaming lower contact 2, prevent striker 6b during going into the well due to Gravity moves down；Shear pin 6c has certain intensity in order to avoid damaging in the vibration of pipe string, and can be in the shearing pressure of design It is reliably cut under power.When slush pump is forced into setting value to drilling rod inner cavity, shear pin 6c is cut, striker 6b fast downlink, The lower end tip high-speed impact initiator 7 of striker 6b, which is ignited, generates shock wave.

The bore seal of initiator 7 is filled with detonating charge, and the upper end of initiator 7 is located at the centre bore of reaming lower contact 2 In, the lower end of initiator 7 is plugged in the counterbore of plug screw 8, and the periphery of plug screw 8 is screwed in the lower end screw hole of reaming lower contact 2, The bottom centre of plug screw 8 is equipped with plug screw centre bore 8a and connects with plug screw counterbore.Plug screw 8 is screwed under reaming upwards from below and connects It is in first 2 screw hole that initiator 7 is fixed, initiator 7 be under pressure priming device 6 striker 6b hit after ignite, shock wave from The detonating primer 11 of the plug screw centre bore 8a of 8 bottom of plug screw downwards transmits.

The center bore inner wall of reaming top connection 1 is equipped with reaming top connection inner groove 1b, and reaming top connection inner groove 1b is surround It is symmetrically arranged in the top periphery of striker 6b, reaming top connection 1 in reaming top connection radial hole 1a and reaming top connection Annular groove 1b connects.When striker 6b is in non-unlocked state, drilling fluid, that is, mud of drilling rod inner cavity is by the O-ring of the periphery striker 6b It seals up；When slush pump is forced into setting value, shear pin 6c is cut, and striker 6b fast downlink percussion primer 7 expands at this time Hole top connection radial hole 1a exposes, and the drilling fluid of drilling rod inner cavity is from reaming top connection inner groove 1b and reaming top connection radial hole 1a There are big ups and downs in outflow, the pressure of slush pump, and construction personnel learns that underground is real by the fluctuation of mud pump pressure on well It now explodes reaming.

Sunk screw 2a is symmetrically screwed on the top circumference of reaming lower contact 2, the inner termination of sunk screw 2a is inserted respectively Enter in the annular recess of 1 periphery wall of reaming top connection.Sunk screw 2a can prevent reaming top connection 1 and reaming lower contact 2 It is loosened during going into the well.

The inner cavity of transmission detonation joint 3 is equipped with supporting positive cover 12, and the centre bore top of supporting positive cover 12 is equipped with detonating primer 11, supporting positive cover 12 centre bore presents small lower big structure, and the centre bore of the upper end insertion supporting positive cover 12 of primacord 10b is connected with detonating primer 11.It helps The centre bore of positive set 12 presents small lower big structure, convenient for the insertion of primacord 10b；The structure of detonating primer 11 is simpler, so that Propagation of explosion component it is easier for installation quick.

Reaming bullet 13 includes shell case 13a, and the inner termination that shell case 13a is directed toward reaming gun axis line is in truncated cone, shell case 13a's Inner termination is equipped with shell case propagation of explosion centre bore, is filled with reaming bullet booster explosive 13b, the inner cavity of shell case 13a in shell case propagation of explosion centre bore Equipped with cavity liner 13d, cavity liner 13d be taper and with shell case 13a coaxial line, cavity liner 13d is that the vertex of a cone is perpendicularly oriented to reaming rifle 10 axis is filled with reaming bullet main charge 13a between cavity liner 13d and the inner wall of shell case 13a, reaming bullet main charge 13a's The vertex of a cone is connected to each other with reaming bullet booster explosive 13b.Primacord 10b ignites reaming bullet booster explosive 13b, and reaming bullet booster explosive 13b will Reaming bullet main charge 13a ignites, and cavity liner 13d is blown, and the shock wave for generation of exploding blows the blind hole on reaming rifle 10, and And act in rock of borehole, realize the purpose of reaming.

The upper and lower ends of firing mount 10a are separately fixed at the center of positioning disk 10c, and the periphery of positioning disk 10c is respectively at reaming The gun barrel inner wall clearance fit of rifle 10, the upper and lower ends of reaming rifle inner wall, which are respectively equipped with, carries out axially position to positioning disk 10c Hole retaining ring is fixed with locating plate 10d, the external end head difference of locating plate 10d by screw respectively on the outer end face of positioning disk 10c In the inboard wall groove of reaming rifle 10.The positioning disk 10c of upper and lower ends ensures firing mount 10a and 10 coaxial line of reaming rifle, Kong Yong Retaining ring carries out axially position to firing mount 10a, and locating plate 10d carries out radial positioning to firing mount 10a, it is ensured that each reaming bullet 13 and rifle Corresponding blind hole coaxial line on pipe, so that explosion wave plays maximum reaming effect.

120 blind holes are equipped with for every meter on the gun barrel of reaming rifle 10, and multi-head spiral line of each blind hole along gun barrel surface uniformly divides Cloth, number of phases of the blind hole on gun barrel are 18, and the phase angle between two neighboring blind hole on same cross section is 140 °.Rifle It is close using superelevation hole on pipe, it ensure that penetration depth and piercing aperture；Blind hole and reaming bullet 13 are distributed along multi-head spiral line, adjacent Phase angle between two blind holes is 140 °, solves the problems, such as charge interference.

The cone-apex angle of cavity liner 13d is 38 ° ~ 52 °, and the wall thickness of cavity liner 13d is 0.10e ~ 3mm；Shell case propagation of explosion centre bore Diameter be Φ 2.5mm ~ Φ 5mm, length be 20mm ~ 30mm.

Under the guiding neck eye effect of reaming rifle lower contact 10e, reaming rifle 10 is lowered with drilling rod to scheduled reaming position It sets, is then turned on slush pump and pressurizes to drilling rod inner cavity, the pressure of drilling fluid unlocks pressure blasting device 6, hits rising for lower section Quick-fried device 7, the shock wave initiation detonating primer 11 and primacord 10b that initiator 7 exports, the built-in insensitiveness high explosive of primacord 10b, explosion velocity Up to 7800m/s, each 13 heavy explosion of reaming bullet in moment reaming rifle 10, the blind hole on reaming rifle 10 are blown, and explosion produces Raw shock wave causes the formation rock of this section of circle to crush and rupture, to reach reaming in rock of borehole Effect.

As shown in Fig. 7 to Figure 13, it includes repairing hole device outer cylinder 14 that reducing, which repairs hole device A, and the upper end for repairing hole device outer cylinder 14 is equipped with Taper box thread, the middle part for repairing 14 short transverse of hole device outer cylinder is reducer, and the inner cavity for repairing hole device outer cylinder 14 is equipped with and repairs hole device Outer cylinder coaxial line repairs mandrel 15 on the device of hole, and the reducer outer wall uniform winding for repairing hole device outer cylinder 14 has three screw wing 14a, often It is uniformly distributed on screw wing 14a there are five screw wing radial hole, is respectively equipped with radial piston 18 in each screw wing radial hole, respectively The outer end face of radial piston 18 be uniformly embedded with it is multiple repair hole button alloy knife 18c, the inner termination difference of each radial piston 18 Equipped with radial piston inclined-plane 18a, the radial piston inclined-plane 18a of three radial pistons 18 is born against on the same circumference On the same tapered ramp 17a for repairing 17 periphery of hole device tapered sleeve, respectively repairs hole device tapered sleeve 17 and be successively sleeved on and repair mandrel 15 on the device of hole Periphery, respectively repair that three tapered ramp 17a on hole device tapered sleeve 17 are centrosymmetric setting and lower end is inclined to axis direction respectively Tiltedly；It repairs and is respectively equipped with T-slot 17b on the tapered ramp 17a of hole device tapered sleeve 17, on the radial piston inclined-plane 18a of radial piston 18 Being respectively equipped with can be embedded in respectively in corresponding T-slot 17b along T shape tenon 18b, the T shape tenon 18b that T-slot 17b is slided.

The upper end for repairing mandrel 15 on the device of hole, which is equipped with, repairs mandrel piston 15a on the device of hole, repairs the periphery of mandrel piston 15a on the device of hole Sealing is supported on the inner wall for repairing hole device outer cylinder 14, and the bottom surface for repairing mandrel piston 15a on the device of hole is equipped with plane bearing 15b, plane axis The lower section for holding 15b is equipped with upper spring seat 16a, and the lower section of upper spring seat 16a is equipped with reset spring 16, the lower end branch of reset spring 16 On lower spring cup 16b, lower spring cup 16b is fixed on repairing hole device outer cylinder 14 by repairing hole device lock pin 16c for support.It repairs on the device of hole The top of mandrel 15 be screwed with protection connector 35d, protect connector 35d outer wall and repair hole device outer cylinder 14 inner wall between there are Gap, the top of protection connector 35d are equipped with horn mouth and communicate with the centre bore for repairing mandrel 15 on the device of hole, protect at the top of connector 35d Mud can smoothly be imported the inner cavity for repairing mandrel 15 on the device of hole by horn mouth.

The lower end for repairing mandrel 15 on the device of hole, which is screwed with, repairs mandrel 19 under the device of hole, and the top for repairing mandrel 19 under the device of hole, which is equipped with, repairs hole Mandrel piston 19a under device repairs mandrel piston 19a under the device of hole and is resisted against the lower end surface lower section that bottommost repairs hole device tapered sleeve 17, repairs hole The subjacent of mandrel piston 19a is equipped with faced washer 19b under device, and the lower end surface of faced washer 19b is supported on band self-aligning seat washer Thrust ball bearing 1 on, the lower section of thrust ball bearing 1 is equipped with unidirectional rotatable transposition ring 21, replaces under ring 21 End face is supported on the thrust ball bearing 2 22 with self-aligning seat washer, and thrust ball bearing 2 22 is supported on transposition collar bearing seat 23, Transposition collar bearing seat 23, which is fixed by screws in, to be repaired under the device of hole on the circumference of mandrel 19；The periphery wall of transposition ring 21 is symmetrically arranged with three Transposition the sliding slot 21a, three groups of transposition sliding slot 21a that group is recessed inwardly form end to end circulation knot in the periphery of transposition ring 21 Structure；The lower part screw wing 14a for repairing hole device outer cylinder 14 is screwed with the transpositing pin 24 radially extended, the inner termination of transpositing pin 24 respectively It is inserted in corresponding transposition sliding slot 21a respectively.

As shown in Figure 11 to Figure 13, transposition sliding slot 21a include the kerve 21a1 being sequentially connected by skewed slot, elongated slot 21a2, Kerve 21a1 and short slot 21a3, each kerve 21a1 are respectively positioned on the sustained height below skewed slot, each elongated slot 21a2 and short slot 21a3 It is respectively positioned on the top of skewed slot, the top of each elongated slot 21a2 extends to the top of transposition 21 short transverse of ring, each short slot vertically upward The top of 21a3 is located at the middle part of transposition 21 short transverse of ring；Skewed slot successively links up kerve 21a1, elongated slot 21a2, bottom in fold-line-shaped Slot 21a1, short slot 21a3, kerve 21a1, elongated slot 21a2 simultaneously form circulation on the circumference of transposition ring 21.

It is respectively uniformly distributed on three screw wing 14a there are five radial piston 18, is in equilateral triangle on each cross section There are three radial pistons 18 for distribution；Due on radial piston inclined-plane 18a T shape tenon 18b with repair the tapered ramp of hole device tapered sleeve 17 T-slot 17b on 17a is matched, so that radial piston inclined-plane 18a is affixed with the tapered ramp 17a for repairing hole device tapered sleeve 17 always It closes.It repairs mandrel 19 under the device of hole and follows and repair mandrel 15 on the device of hole and respectively repair 17 synchronization lifting of hole device tapered sleeve, since transpositing pin 24 is fixed Motionless on repairing hole device outer cylinder 14, the inner termination of transpositing pin 24 is stuck in transposition sliding slot 21a, when transposition ring 21 is bored with hole device is respectively repaired When 17 lifting of set, single direction rotation is carried out under the guiding of transposition sliding slot 21a, thrust ball bearing 1 and thrust ball bearing 2 22 can To guarantee that transposition ring 21 rotates flexibly, cooperation position of the transpositing pin 24 in transposition sliding slot 21a determines that repairing hole device tapered sleeve 17 exists The position of short transverse, to accurately control the stretching state of radial piston 18.

When slush pump is opened, the pressure of mud, which acts on, is repaired on the device of hole on mandrel piston 15a, is repaired mandrel 15 on the device of hole and is overcome 17 downlink of hole device tapered sleeve is respectively repaired in the tension downlink of reset spring 16, drive, and transpositing pin 24 is slided to the top of elongated slot 21a2, at this time The top for respectively repairing the tapered ramp 17a of hole device tapered sleeve 17 and the radial piston inclined-plane 18a of each radial piston 18 fit, so that respectively Radial piston 18 is protruding, and radial piston 18 is stretching state at this time.

When slush pump termination of pumping, the inside and outside differential pressure of tool is balanced, and mandrel 15 on the device of hole is repaired in the tension promotion of reset spring 16 Uplink resets, at this time transpositing pin 24 slide respectively repaired to the bottom of kerve 21a1 the lower part of the tapered ramp 17a of hole device tapered sleeve 17 with The radial piston inclined-plane 18a of each radial piston 18 fits, so that the outer end face of each radial piston 18 is lower than than screw wing 14a's Surface, radial piston 18 is free state at this time.

When slush pump is again turned on, the tension downlink that mandrel 15 on the device of hole overcomes reset spring 16 again is repaired, is driven each 17 downlink of hole device tapered sleeve is repaired, transpositing pin 24 slides the tapered ramp 17a that hole device tapered sleeve 17 is respectively repaired to the top of short slot 21a3 at this time Middle part and the radial piston inclined-plane 18a of each radial piston 18 fit so that the outer end face and screw wing of each radial piston 18 The flush of 14a, radial piston 18 is concordant state at this time.

It replaces and is equipped with compensating piston 25 below collar bearing seat 23, compensating piston 25, which is located at, to be repaired the inner wall of hole device outer cylinder 14 and repair Under the device of hole between the outer wall of mandrel 19, and the internal perisporium of compensating piston 25 and periphery wall are realized by sealing element and are sealed；It is located at The circumference for repairing hole device outer cylinder 14 of 25 lower section of compensating piston, which is equipped with, repairs hole device liquid-passing hole 14b, repairs and installs in the device liquid-passing hole 14b of hole There is filter plate 14c；The lower section for repairing hole device liquid-passing hole 14b, which is equipped with, repairs hole device Sealing shield ring 26, repairs hole device Sealing shield ring 26 and passes through spiral shell It follows closely and repairs hole device outer cylinder 14 and be fixedly connected, repair hole device Sealing shield ring 26 and be located at the inner wall for repairing hole device outer cylinder 14 and repair mandrel under the device of hole Between 19 outer wall, and the internal perisporium and periphery wall of repairing hole device Sealing shield ring 26 are by sealing element realization sealing.When repairing hole device When upper mandrel piston 15a declines, repairs 15 periphery of mandrel and the mud repaired between hole device outer cylinder 14 on the device of hole and push compensating piston 25 Decline, mud are discharged from hole device liquid-passing hole 14b is repaired；When repairing on the device of hole mandrel piston 15a and rising, mud is from repairing hole device liquid-passing hole 14b fills into the cavity of resorption of compensating piston 25, and filter plate 14c can prevent landwaste from entering and repair 14 inner cavity of hole device outer cylinder.

The lower section for repairing hole device Sealing shield ring 26 is equipped with assembly pad 27, and the lower section of assembly pad 27, which is equipped with, repairs hole device orifice plate connector 28, it repairs hole device orifice plate connector 28 and is screwed in the lower end for repairing mandrel 19 under the device of hole, the lower section for repairing hole device orifice plate connector 28, which is equipped with, repairs hole Device orifice plate 29, the lower end surface for repairing hole device orifice plate 29 are resisted against on the inner hole step for repairing hole device orifice plate carrier 30, repair hole device orifice plate carrier 30 Upper end be screwed in the lower end periphery for repairing hole device orifice plate connector 28；The centre bore lower end of hole device orifice plate carrier 30 is repaired equipped with up-small and down-big Repair hole device orifice plate carrier horn mouth；The throttling cone 31 that line coaxially therewith is inserted in the device orifice plate carrier horn mouth of hole is repaired, throttling cone 31 Support spoke is connected on throttling cone seat circle, is realized and is sealed between the outer wall for the cone seat circle that throttles and the inner wall for repairing hole device outer cylinder 14, The lower end surface of throttling cone seat circle is supported on bracing ring 32, and the lower end surface of bracing ring 32 is supported on by adjusting gasket 33 repairs hole device The top of lower contact 34 repairs hole device lower contact 34 and is screwed in the lower end for repairing hole device outer cylinder 14.

It repairs the centre bore of hole device orifice plate 29, the centre bore for repairing hole device orifice plate carrier 30, repair hole device orifice plate carrier horn mouth and throttling Cone 31 constitutes throttling and pressure signal generating device is commonly called as Shi Wei mechanism, and when radial piston 18 is fully extended, mud, which flows through, shows position Mechanism can generate the pressure difference of 1.04~1.73Mpa, can be determined that well whether ground observation standpipe pressure table this pressure difference occurs Under variable diameter state.Only when radial piston 18 stretches out, it can just generate pump pressure increase signal and show position when piston does not stretch out Pressure difference at mechanism can be ignored.The thickness of increase and decrease adjustment gasket 33 adjusts throttling cone 31 and is repairing hole device orifice plate carrier horn mouth In insertion depth control choke pressure.

As shown in Figure 14 to Figure 16, neck eye hole-drawing device C includes reaming drill string, and reaming drill string includes successively being linked as from top to bottom The hole-drawing device female connector 36 of one and coaxial line, reaming upper cone 37, hole-drawing device cylindrical body 38 and reaming lower cone 39, on reaming Cone 37 is up-small and down-big structure, and reaming lower cone 39 is up big and down small structure, and the inner cavity of hole-drawing device female connector 36 is equipped with and brill The box thread that bar is screwed on, the lower end of box thread be equipped with reaming drill string coaxial line and the hole-drawing device fluid course 40 that extends downwardly, The periphery of reaming upper cone 37, hole-drawing device cylindrical body 38 and reaming lower cone 39 is evenly distributed with multiple tracks drawing with one fixed width Eye hurricane band 41.Angle between the bus and reaming drillstring axis of reaming upper cone 37 is 10 °, the bus of reaming lower cone 39 Angle between reaming drillstring axis is 7 °.41 preferred distribution of reaming hurricane band has five, the top of per pass reaming hurricane band 41 Face width is 46mm.The helix angle of reaming hurricane band 41 is 70 °, lead 1734.04mm.

The rotation direction of each reaming hurricane band 41 is dextrorotation, is respectively equipped with scraper caulking groove on the right side of the top surface of each reaming hurricane band 41 The width of 41a, scraper caulking groove 41a are 6mm, and reaming scraper 41b is inlaid in respectively in corresponding scraper caulking groove 41a.Each reaming spiral shell It revolves and is evenly distributed with multiple circular counter bores on the top surface of band 41, the aperture of circular counter bore is preferably 10.5mm.In each circular counter bore It is embedded with reaming button alloy knife 41c respectively, the cutting face of each reaming button alloy knife 41c is to the right and the knife edge and reaming hurricane band 41 either flush.Two rows, two rows of reaming button alloys are distributed with along the top surface of reaming hurricane band 41 in reaming button alloy knife 41c Knife 41c staggers successively arrangement, and the center of adjacent reaming button alloy knife 41c is away from for 16mm in every row.

The bottom of reaming lower cone 39 is connected with neck eyeball forming head 42, and the bottom of neck eyeball forming head 42 is equipped with multiple hole-drawing devices Hydrophthalmia 42a, each hole-drawing device hydrophthalmia 42a pass through hole-drawing device hydrophthalmia duct 42b respectively and communicate with hole-drawing device fluid course 40.Lead eyeball The outer surface of forming head 42 can be covered with hard alloy abrasion-resistant layer 42c.The radius for leading eyeball forming head 42 is 56mm, hole-drawing device hydrophthalmia There are four 42a is set in the bottom of neck eyeball forming head 42, the center of four hole-drawing device hydrophthalmias is located at neck eyeball forming head 42 On four quadrantal points, wherein the first hole-drawing device hydrophthalmia is distributed on the circumference that diameter is 45mm, second, third hole-drawing device hydrophthalmia point Cloth is on the circumference that diameter is 65mm, and the 4th hole-drawing device hydrophthalmia is distributed on the circumference that diameter is 85mm, each hole-drawing device hydrophthalmia Aperture is respectively 18mm, and the axis of each hole-drawing device hydrophthalmia duct 42b and the angle of 40 axis of hole-drawing device fluid course be 15 °~ 25°。

In well when reaming, the lowermost leads eyeball forming head 42 to be in wellbore middle always, and avoid wedging stratum can Energy；It is inlaid with and draws on the reaming hurricane band 41 of reaming upper cone 37, hole-drawing device cylindrical body 38 and the winding of 39 periphery of reaming lower cone Eye scraper 41b, removing the borehole wall when rotated keeps wellbore unblocked, avoids and marks while improving the effect of neck eye, reaming The risk of new eye.Turntable reaming can be continuously opened, bit pressure can suitably amplify.Reaming hurricane band 41 is located at 39 periphery of reaming lower cone Tactical diameter is smaller more down at position, convenient for neck eye and reaming；Reaming hurricane band 41 is located at the portion of 38 periphery of hole-drawing device cylindrical body Position diameter is maximum, can play the role of righting；The position that reaming hurricane band 41 is located at 37 periphery of reaming upper cone is up-small and down-big, It is above mentioned convenient for reaming tool with drill string is smooth.The reaming scraper 41b inlayed on reaming hurricane band 41 bears energy to borehole wall lateral force Power is strong, obvious to the shear action of the borehole wall.

Neck eyeball forming head 42 be in wellbore middle position, will not wedging stratum, the rock in wellbore middle can only be ground Bits, constantly wash away wellbore, play the role of leading eye, avoid and mark new wellbore；Neck eye can be improved in hard alloy abrasion-resistant layer 42c The hardness and wear-resisting property of ballhead 42, avoid its premature abrasion.

The tool during fabrication, using diameter 214mm drill string idiosome, using the helix angle of five 46mm wide of lathe Che Chu For 70 °, lead 1734.04mm right hand helix band structure, go out the deep groove of 6mm wide, 6.5mm from right edge 3mm vehicle on hurricane band, Cutting face is inlayed towards right Y116 alloy cutter head as reaming scraper 41b.10mm and 15mm is on the left of distance on every hurricane band The center of circle distributing line of circular counter bore, two rows of centers of circle go out two rows of totally 24 φ 10.5mm, depth 11.5mm circle at a distance of 16mm difference vehicle Counterbore inlays cutting face towards right T110 alloy cutter head as reaming button alloy knife 41c.

The hemispherical dome structure that top vehicle is 56mm at radius, using front end as the center of circle on spherical surface, respectively in φ 85mm vehicle A φ 18mm hole-drawing device hydrophthalmia, φ 65mm vehicle go out two adjacent φ 18mm hole-drawing device hydrophthalmias, φ 45mm vehicles and go out a φ out 18mm hole-drawing device hydrophthalmia；Spherical surface built-up welding φ 5-6.5mmYD alloy electrode to spherical diameter is 125-130mm, as hard alloy Wearing layer 42c.

When wellbore roundness is poor, the lower section which can individually be screwed in drill string carries out high-intensitive draw Eye, mud flow downward along hole-drawing device fluid course 40, spray from the hole-drawing device hydrophthalmia of neck 42 bottom of eyeball forming head, clean well Eye, clast are taken out of with mud；Four hole-drawing device hydrophthalmias are distributed on four quadrants, it is ensured that all directions have water flow punching Brush, four hole-drawing device hydrophthalmias are distributed from the near to the distant relative to the axis of neck eyeball forming head 42, are conducive to increase and are washed away area.Due to The presence of tapered hurricane band, the hole-drawing device fluid course 40 between adjoining spiral band is larger, and point diameter is gradually reduced in addition, drop The low occurrence probability for suppressing pump.

Claims (10)

1. The expanding method 1. a kind of underground primacord explodes, which is characterized in that in turn include the following steps：(1) in the bottom of drill string Installation neck eye hole-drawing device；(2) be screwed on the reamer that explodes above neck eye hole-drawing device；(3) being screwed on above explosion reamer can Variable diameter repairs hole device；(4) reducing repairs the upper end of hole device and is connected with the drill string of top；(5) under the guiding of neck eye hole-drawing device, drill string side Side downlink is rotated, while leading a hole-drawing device that can remove the sundries being attached on the borehole wall；When drill string come downwards to explosion reamer with When the height of predetermined reaming section is completely concordant, drill string stops downlink and stops rotating；(7) open slush pump and be forced into detonation and set Constant-pressure ignites the primacord for the reamer that explodes, and the shock wave for generation of exploding causes this section of wholecircle in rock of borehole The formation rock crushing and rupture in week, to realize reaming；(8) slush pump is opened to operational discharge capacity, it will be caused by explosion reaming Landwaste carries out ground；(9) drill string is continued traveling downwardly in rotation, so that reducing repairs hole device and reaches reaming section to the well of reaming section Wall is modified；(10) drill string rises and is drilled into ground；(11) hole diameter is detected by cable tripping in caliper logging tool, judge whether to meet predetermined Reaming requirement.
2. The expanding method 2. underground primacord according to claim 1 explodes, which is characterized in that the explosion reamer includes The inner cavity top of the reaming top connection and reaming lower contact being mutually screwed on, the reaming top connection is equipped with reaming top connection mother's spiral shell Line, the lower end of the reaming lower contact are screwed with transmission detonation joint, and the lower end of the transmission detonation joint is screwed with the explosion extended downwardly Bar, the top of the loading pole are equipped with the loading pole centre bore extended along explosion rod axis, and the lower end of the loading pole is screwed with Loading pole lower contact；The outer wall of the loading pole is equipped with the helicla flute for extension of spiraling, and is embedded with primacord, institute in the helicla flute The lower end for stating primacord is fixed in the loading pole lower contact, and the upper end of the primacord is inserted into loading pole and is fixed on described In loading pole centre bore；The inner cavity of the transmission detonation joint is equipped with the propagation of explosion component that can ignite primacord, the reaming lower contact Inner cavity lower part is equipped with the initiator for igniting the propagation of explosion component, and the inner cavity of the reaming top connection, which is equipped with, can hit described rise The pressure blasting device of quick-fried device.
3. The expanding method 3. underground primacord according to claim 2 explodes, which is characterized in that the peace of the explosion reamer Steps are as follows for dress：First the upper end of the primacord is inserted into the loading pole centre bore, is then wrapped in the primacord In the helicla flute of loading pole, and the lower end of primacord is fixed in the loading pole lower contact, the upper end of the loading pole and institute It states transmission detonation joint to be mutually screwed on the propagation of explosion attached components made in primacord upper end and transmission detonation joint, then the transmission detonation joint Upper end is screwed on the reaming lower contact makes the initiator be connected with the propagation of explosion component, then the reaming lower contact is screwed on The pressure blasting device is set to be connected below the reaming top connection with the initiator, last entire explosion Counterboring apparatus The lower end that the reducing repairs hole device is screwed in by the reaming top connection.
4. The expanding method 4. underground primacord according to claim 3 explodes, it is characterised in that：The pressure blasting device packet The perforated baffle and striker positioned at reaming top connection inner cavity lower part are included, the perforated baffle is located at reaming top connection box thread Lower section, the striker is located at the lower section of the perforated baffle and extends downwardly along the centre bore of the reaming top connection, described It is realized and is sealed by O-ring and the reaming top connection centre bore in the periphery of striker；The reaming is inserted into the lower end of the striker In the inner cavity of lower contact, shear pin is plugged on the lower circumferential of the striker, the external end head of the shear pin is inlaid in striker In bushing, the lower end of the striker bushing is supported on the step of the reaming lower contact, the upper end of the striker bushing against Below the lower end surface of the reaming top connection；The lower end tip of the striker is directed at the upper end center of the initiator；Mud When pump is forced into detonation setting pressure, the shear pin is cut, the striker fast downlink, and the lower end tip high speed of striker is hit The initiator is hit to be ignited.
5. The expanding method 5. underground primacord according to claim 1 explodes, it is characterised in that：The explosion reamer includes The reaming top connection and reaming lower contact being mutually screwed on, the lower end of the reaming lower contact are screwed with transmission detonation joint, the propagation of explosion The lower end of connector is screwed with the reaming rifle extended downwardly, and the lower end of the reaming rifle is screwed with reaming rifle lower contact, the reaming The lower end of rifle lower contact is equipped with the lower contact of reaming rifle；Multiple blind holes, the reaming are evenly distributed on the gun barrel of the reaming rifle Rifle lumen centers are equipped with firing mount, are evenly distributed on the firing mount and correspond with the blind hole on the reaming rifle and coaxial line Reaming bullet, the center of the firing mount are equipped with the primacord for igniting each reaming bullet, and the lower end of the primacord is fixed on the firing mount Lower end, the upper end of the primacord is inserted into the centre bore of the transmission detonation joint；The inner cavity of the transmission detonation joint, which is equipped with, to draw The detonating primer of quick-fried primacord, the inner cavity lower part of the reaming lower contact are equipped with the initiator for igniting the detonating primer, the expansion The inner cavity of hole top connection is equipped with the pressure blasting device that can hit the initiator.
6. The expanding method 6. underground primacord according to claim 5 explodes, it is characterised in that：The reaming bullet includes bullet Shell, the inner termination that the shell case is directed toward reaming gun axis line is in truncated cone, and the inner termination of the shell case is equipped with shell case propagation of explosion center Hole, reaming bullet booster explosive is filled in the shell case propagation of explosion centre bore, and the inner cavity of the shell case is equipped with cavity liner, the cavity liner For taper and with the shell case coaxial line, the cavity liner is that the vertex of a cone is perpendicularly oriented to the axis of reaming rifle, the cavity liner and institute It states and is filled with reaming bullet main charge between the inner wall of shell case, the vertex of a cone of the reaming bullet main charge and the reaming bullet booster explosive phase Docking.
7. The expanding method 7. underground primacord according to claim 2 or 5 explodes, it is characterised in that：The initiator it is interior Chamber sealing is filled with detonating charge, and the upper end of the initiator is located in the centre bore of the reaming lower contact, the initiator Lower end be plugged in the counterbore of plug screw, the periphery of the plug screw is screwed in the lower end screw hole of the reaming lower contact, described The bottom centre of plug screw is equipped with plug screw centre bore and connects with the plug screw counterbore；The center bore inner wall of the reaming top connection is set There is reaming top connection inner groove, the reaming top connection inner groove is looped around the top periphery of the striker, the reaming Reaming top connection radial hole is symmetrically arranged in top connection to connect with the reaming top connection inner groove.
8. The expanding method 8. underground primacord according to claim 1 explodes, it is characterised in that：The reducing repairs hole device packet It includes and repairs hole device outer cylinder, the upper end for repairing hole device outer cylinder is equipped with taper box thread, the middle part for repairing hole device outer cylinder short transverse For reducer, the inner cavity for repairing hole device outer cylinder be equipped with the mandrel on the device of hole of repairing of repairing hole device outer cylinder coaxial line, it is described to repair hole device The reducer outer wall uniform winding of outer cylinder has three screw wings, is uniformly distributed on every screw wing there are five screw wing radial hole, Radial piston is respectively equipped in each screw wing radial hole, the inner termination of each radial piston is respectively equipped with radial piston inclined-plane, position It bears against in the radial piston inclined-plane of three radial pistons on the same circumference in the same wedge shape for repairing hole device tapered sleeve periphery On inclined-plane, each hole device tapered sleeve of repairing successively is sleeved on the periphery for repairing mandrel on the device of hole, each described to repair on the device tapered sleeve of hole Be centrosymmetric setting and lower end of three tapered ramps is tilted to axis direction respectively；On the tapered ramp for repairing hole device tapered sleeve It is respectively equipped with T-slot, the T shape tenon that can be slided along the T-slot, institute are respectively equipped on the radial piston inclined-plane of the radial piston T shape tenon is stated to be embedded in respectively in corresponding T-slot；The upper end for repairing mandrel on the device of hole is equipped with and repairs mandrel piston on the device of hole, described The periphery sealing for repairing mandrel piston on the device of hole is supported on the inner wall for repairing hole device outer cylinder, the bottom for repairing mandrel piston on the device of hole Face is equipped with plane bearing, and the lower section of the plane bearing is equipped with upper spring seat, and the lower section of the upper spring seat is equipped with reset spring, The lower end of the reset spring is supported on lower spring cup, and the lower spring cup is fixed on by repairing hole device lock pin and repairs hole described On device outer cylinder.
9. The expanding method 9. underground primacord according to claim 8 explodes, it is characterised in that：It is described to repair mandrel on the device of hole Lower end, which is screwed with, repairs mandrel under the device of hole, and the top for repairing mandrel under the device of hole is equipped with and repairs mandrel piston under the device of hole, described to repair hole device Lower mandrel piston is resisted against bottommost and repairs below the lower end surface of hole device tapered sleeve, and the subjacent for repairing mandrel piston under the device of hole is set There is faced washer, the lower end surface of the faced washer is supported on the thrust ball bearing one with self-aligning seat washer, the thrust ball axis The lower section for holding one is equipped with unidirectional rotatable transposition ring, and the lower end surface of the transposition ring is supported on the thrust ball axis with self-aligning seat washer It holds on two, the thrust ball bearing two is supported on transposition collar bearing seat, and the transposition collar bearing seat is fixed by screws in institute It states and repairs under the device of hole on the circumference of mandrel；The periphery wall of the transposition ring is symmetrically arranged with three groups of transposition sliding slots being recessed inwardly, and three groups Transposition sliding slot forms end to end loop structure in the periphery of the transposition ring；The spiral underwing for repairing hole device outer cylinder point It is not screwed with the transpositing pin radially extended, the inner termination of the transpositing pin is inserted in respectively in corresponding transposition sliding slot；It is described The sliding slot that replaces includes the kerve being sequentially connected by skewed slot, elongated slot, kerve and short slot, and each kerve is respectively positioned on same below skewed slot In height, each elongated slot and short slot are respectively positioned on the top of skewed slot, and the top of each elongated slot extends to the transposition ring height vertically upward The top in direction, the top of each short slot are located at the middle part of the transposition ring short transverse；The skewed slot is successively linked up in fold-line-shaped Kerve, elongated slot, kerve, short slot, kerve, elongated slot simultaneously form circulation on the circumference of transposition ring.
10. The expanding method 10. underground primacord according to claim 1 explodes, it is characterised in that：The neck eye hole-drawing device packet Reaming drill string is included, the reaming drill string includes successively being linked together from top to bottom and on the hole-drawing device female connector of coaxial line, reaming Cone, hole-drawing device cylindrical body and reaming lower cone, the reaming upper cone are up-small and down-big structure, and the reaming lower cone is upper Small structure under big, the inner cavity of the hole-drawing device female connector are equipped with the box thread being screwed on drilling rod, and the lower end of the box thread is equipped with With reaming drill string coaxial line and the hole-drawing device fluid course that extends downwardly, the reaming upper cone, hole-drawing device cylindrical body and reaming The periphery of lower cone is evenly distributed with the reaming hurricane band that multiple tracks has one fixed width, and the rotation direction of each reaming hurricane band is the right side The top surface right side of rotation, each reaming hurricane band is respectively equipped with the scraper caulking groove extended along reaming hurricane band, and each scraper is embedding Reaming scraper is embedded in slot respectively；The bottom of the reaming lower cone is connected with neck eyeball forming head, the neck eyeball forming head Bottom is equipped with multiple hole-drawing device hydrophthalmias, and each hole-drawing device hydrophthalmia passes through hole-drawing device hydrophthalmia duct and the hole-drawing device liquid stream respectively Channel communicates.