CN108842077A - A kind of method of smelting of high intensity foamed aluminium - Google Patents
A kind of method of smelting of high intensity foamed aluminium Download PDFInfo
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- CN108842077A CN108842077A CN201810954377.9A CN201810954377A CN108842077A CN 108842077 A CN108842077 A CN 108842077A CN 201810954377 A CN201810954377 A CN 201810954377A CN 108842077 A CN108842077 A CN 108842077A
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- aluminium
- foamed aluminium
- lucium
- rare earth
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 190
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 186
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium atom Chemical compound [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dysprosium atom Chemical compound [Dy] KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007499 fusion processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- FRNOGLGSGLTDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N thulium atom Chemical group [Tm] FRNOGLGSGLTDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001051 Magnalium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KMWBBMXGHHLDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [AlH3].[Si] Chemical compound [AlH3].[Si] KMWBBMXGHHLDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- YVIMHTIMVIIXBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [SnH3][Al] Chemical compound [SnH3][Al] YVIMHTIMVIIXBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 aluminium manganese Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001417490 Sillaginidae Species 0.000 claims 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 206010000269 abscess Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010054949 Metaplasia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008717 functional decline Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015689 metaplastic ossification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/08—Alloys with open or closed pores
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/08—Alloys with open or closed pores
- C22C1/083—Foaming process in molten metal other than by powder metallurgy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
Abstract
The invention belongs to foamed aluminium production technical fields, and in particular to a kind of method of smelting of high intensity foamed aluminium is included in molten aluminum fusion process the step of lucium is added；The lucium includes the rare earth element of following parts by weight：5~30 parts of gadolinium, 2~20 parts of ytterbium, 3~25 parts of dysprosium, 5~20 parts of neodymium, 2~10 parts of samarium, 0.5~5 part of erbium, 0.1~3 part of yttrium, 2~11 parts of scandium, 5~15 parts of thulium；In the present invention, by the way that lucium is added during aluminium melting, it will be apparent that the content for reducing impurity in aluminium alloy strengthens the degree of alloying, and the cell wall tissue in foamed aluminium material is more fine and close；Meanwhile the metamorphism having using lucium for as-cast structure, it is effectively controlled the solid solubility of superfluous element；By the enhancement effect of rare earth element, the intensity of the hilum hole wall formed after molten aluminum foaming is improved, so that high-intensitive foamed aluminium material be prepared.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to foamed aluminium production technical fields, and in particular to a kind of method of smelting of high intensity foamed aluminium.
Background technique
Foamed aluminium is inside one kind there are a large amount of bubbles and bubble distribution forms pore structure in continuous metal phase
Composite material.The pore characteristic of the metallic character of continuous phase aluminium and dispersed phase stomata is organically incorporated in one by it, so that its
It is provided with the features such as density is light, energy absorption is good, unique acoustics and thermal property and excellent electromagnetic shield, is also made
Obtaining it has huge application potential in fields such as building, rail traffic, machine-building and aerospaces.Large-scale industry at present
The method that metaplasia production prepares closed-cell aluminum foam is foam melt method.Foam melt method has many advantages, such as simple process, and preparation is closed
The substantially process of hole Aluminum Foam is：Aluminum melt is poured into a thickening crucible after aluminium ingot is melted, the case where stirring
Foaming agent is added after melt cools to appropriate viscosity in the lower calcium metal class tackifier that are added into aluminum melt while stirring, immediately
Foaming agent melt will be contained to pour into foaming mould and foaming mould is pushed into foaming furnace, it is cooling after the completion of foaming to obtain foamed aluminium.
The mechanical property of foamed aluminium material depends on its porosity, aperture, pore structure shape, that is, depends on that external force can be born
Effective sectional area and hole around the stress concentration effect that generates, and it is closely related with parent metal；Foamed aluminium material
The exponentially function decline with the increase of its porosity such as elasticity modulus, modulus of shearing, elastic limit, under normal circumstances, bubble
The intensity of foam aluminium is about 1% or so of fine and close aluminium, this make foamed aluminium the application field for needing to provide strength character by
Limitation, in many application processes, the energy that foamed aluminium is absorbed rapidly is converted into abscess deformation, collapses, rupture, cell wall
The acting of the forms such as friction, causes the reliability of foamed aluminium material to reduce.
Summary of the invention
For the problems of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of smelting of high-intensitive foamed aluminium,
So that the tensile strength for the foamed aluminium being prepared significantly improves.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention is achieved by the following scheme：
The present invention provides a kind of method of smelting of high-intensitive foamed aluminium, are included in molten aluminum fusion process and rare earth member is added
The step of plain mixture；The lucium includes the rare earth element of following parts by weight：5~30 parts of gadolinium, ytterbium 2~20
Part, 3~25 parts of dysprosium, 5~20 parts of neodymium, 2~10 parts of samarium, 0.5~5 part of erbium, 0.1~3 part of yttrium, 2~11 parts of scandium, 5~15 parts of thulium.
Preferably, the lucium accounts for the 0.2~0.8% of molten aluminum weight.
Preferably, the lucium includes the rare earth element of following parts by weight：8~25 parts of gadolinium, ytterbium 5~15
Part, 7~20 parts of dysprosium, 8~15 parts of neodymium, 5~8 parts of samarium, 1~3 part of erbium, 0.8~2.3 part of yttrium, 4~9 parts of scandium, 7~11 parts of thulium.
Preferably, the lucium includes the rare earth element of following parts by weight：12~20 parts of gadolinium, ytterbium 8~
12 parts, 10~15 parts of dysprosium, 10~12 parts of neodymium, 6~8 parts of samarium, 1.5~2.3 parts of erbium, 1.2~2.0 parts of yttrium, 5.5~8 parts of scandium, thulium 9
~10.5 parts.
Preferably, the lucium includes the rare earth element of following parts by weight：15 parts of gadolinium, 10 parts of ytterbium, dysprosium
13 parts, 11 parts of neodymium, 7 parts of samarium, 1.9 parts of erbium, 1.7 parts of yttrium, 6.8 parts of scandium, 9.6 parts of thulium.
Preferably, the method for smelting includes the following steps：
(1) raw material preparation：
Aluminium：Purity is selected to be more than or equal to 99.9% aluminium ingot；
Alloy intermediate：Iron, silicon, manganese, magnesium, gallium and tin select ferro-aluminum intermediate alloy respectively, aluminium silicon intermediate alloy, in aluminium manganese
Between alloy, magnalium intermediate alloy, the form of gallium and aluminium tin intermediate alloy；
Lucium：The lucium and fine aluminium that gadolinium, ytterbium, dysprosium, neodymium, samarium, erbium, yttrium, scandium and thulium form
Ingot is smelted in crucible into rare earth aluminium ingot mixing intermediate；
(2) aluminium ingot melting：Aluminium ingot is put into the smelting furnace for being heated to 750~800 DEG C, it is complete in atmosphere of inert gases
Running down obtains molten aluminum；
(3) Alloying Treatment：Alloy intermediate is added into molten aluminum, stirring dissolves it sufficiently；
(4) enhancing of going bad is handled：Continue that lucium is added into molten aluminum, is stirred；
(5) alloy component analysis, adjustment：Stokehold detection is carried out to essential element with direct-reading fast spectral analysis instrument, analyze,
Adjustment, control element content；
(6) foaming agent is sucked using negative pressure, is stirred to obtain molten aluminum mixture；
(7) molten aluminum mixture is dumped into mold, is pushed into foaming furnace, in 1T magnetostatic field, 680~700 DEG C
1~2h of lower heat preservation；
(8) mold is cooling, obtains the foamed aluminium into cooling in cooling system.
Preferably, in step (2), specifically aluminium ingot is melted using mid-frequency melting furnace.
Preferably, in step (6), the foaming agent is one of titantium hydride, zircoium hydride.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects：
In the present invention, by the way that lucium is added during aluminium melting, imitated by the enhancing of rare earth element
It answers, improves the intensity of the hilum hole wall formed after molten aluminum foaming, so that high-intensitive foamed aluminium material be prepared；
Pass through the addition of lucium, it will be apparent that the content for reducing impurity in aluminium alloy strengthens alloying
Degree, the cell wall tissue in foamed aluminium material is more fine and close；Meanwhile having using lucium for as-cast structure
Metamorphism, be effectively controlled the solid solubility of superfluous element.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in subsequent specific embodiment.
Specific embodiment
In order to be easy to understand the technical means, the creative features, the aims and the efficiencies achieved by the present invention, tie below
Specific embodiment is closed, the present invention is furture elucidated.
The present invention provides a kind of method of smelting of high-intensitive foamed aluminium, are included in molten aluminum fusion process and rare earth member is added
The step of plain mixture；The lucium includes the rare earth element of following parts by weight：5~30 parts of gadolinium, ytterbium 2~20
Part, 3~25 parts of dysprosium, 5~20 parts of neodymium, 2~10 parts of samarium, 0.5~5 part of erbium, 0.1~3 part of yttrium, 2~11 parts of scandium, 5~15 parts of thulium.
Specifically, the method for smelting includes the following steps：
(1) raw material preparation：
Aluminium：Purity is selected to be more than or equal to 99.9% aluminium ingot；
Alloy intermediate：Iron, silicon, manganese, magnesium, gallium and tin select ferro-aluminum intermediate alloy respectively, aluminium silicon intermediate alloy, in aluminium manganese
Between alloy, magnalium intermediate alloy, the form of gallium and aluminium tin intermediate alloy；
Lucium：The lucium and fine aluminium that gadolinium, ytterbium, dysprosium, neodymium, samarium, erbium, yttrium, scandium and thulium form
Ingot is smelted in crucible into rare earth aluminium ingot mixing intermediate；
(2) aluminium ingot melting：Aluminium ingot is put into the smelting furnace for being heated to 750~800 DEG C, it is complete in atmosphere of inert gases
Running down obtains molten aluminum；
(3) Alloying Treatment：Alloy intermediate is added into molten aluminum, stirring dissolves it sufficiently；
(4) enhancing of going bad is handled：Continue that lucium is added into molten aluminum, is stirred；
(5) alloy component analysis, adjustment：Stokehold detection is carried out to essential element with direct-reading fast spectral analysis instrument, analyze,
Adjustment, control element content；
(6) foaming agent is sucked using negative pressure, is stirred to obtain molten aluminum mixture；
(7) molten aluminum mixture is dumped into mold, is pushed into foaming furnace, in 1T magnetostatic field, 680~700 DEG C
1~2h of lower heat preservation；
(8) mold is cooling, obtains the foamed aluminium into cooling in cooling system.
In the present invention, by the way that lucium is added during aluminium melting, imitated by the enhancing of rare earth element
It answers, improves the intensity of the hilum hole wall formed after molten aluminum foaming, so that high-intensitive foamed aluminium material be prepared.
In lucium of the present invention, there is an electronics on each track on 7 tracks of the gadolinium,
The magnetic torque of this interdependent unpaired electron is maximum, and in foaming process, the easy magnetizing axis precipitated crystal in molten aluminum mixture turns
To the lower direction of energy, and under magnetization, the gadolinium in molten aluminum mixture promotes born of the same parents in direction of easy axis aggregation growth
Wall dense structure's property significantly improves, intensity increases.
The addition for the lucium that gadolinium, ytterbium, dysprosium, neodymium, samarium, erbium, yttrium, scandium and the thulium forms, can be used as
The refining agent of aluminium alloy carries out degasification to molten aluminum mixture, greatly reduced the pin hole rate in the foamed aluminium material to be formed, from
And prevent the foamed aluminium material being prepared from influencing intensity performance because of tissue defects.
In the present invention, pass through the addition of lucium, it will be apparent that reduce the content of impurity in aluminium alloy, reinforce
The degree of alloying, the cell wall tissue in foamed aluminium material are more fine and close；Meanwhile using lucium for as cast condition
The metamorphism having is organized, is effectively controlled the solid solubility of superfluous element, the addition of rare earth element can be mixed with molten aluminum
The alloying elements such as Fe, Si in object generate transitional compound R EFe, ReSi, this has prepared condition for the heat treatment of alloy.
Further, according to the present invention, the content of lucium, which directly affects, changes the enhancing of foamed aluminium material
Property effect, the content of lucium is very few, and enhancing modified effect is insufficient；And the content of lucium is excessive,
Its with the alloying element contained in molten aluminum is excessive reacts, also will affect the intensity of finally obtained foamed aluminium material；The present invention
In, the lucium accounts for the 0.2~0.8% of molten aluminum weight.It is furthermore preferred that the lucium accounts for molten aluminum
The 0.4~0.5% of weight.
According to the present invention, the content of each element can select in a wider scope in the lucium, be
The foamed aluminium material ensured has higher-strength, and the lucium includes the rare earth member of following parts by weight
Element：8~25 parts of gadolinium, 5~15 parts of ytterbium, 7~20 parts of dysprosium, 8~15 parts of neodymium, 5~8 parts of samarium, 1~3 part of erbium, 0.8~2.3 part of yttrium, scandium 4
~9 parts, 7~11 parts of thulium.
It is further preferred that the lucium includes the rare earth element of following parts by weight：12~20 parts of gadolinium,
8~12 parts of ytterbium, 10~15 parts of dysprosium, 10~12 parts of neodymium, 6~8 parts of samarium, 1.5~2.3 parts of erbium, 1.2~2.0 parts of yttrium, scandium 5.5~8
Part, 9~10.5 parts of thulium.
More preferably, the lucium includes the rare earth element of following parts by weight：15 parts of gadolinium, ytterbium 10
Part, 13 parts of dysprosium, 11 parts of neodymium, 7 parts of samarium, 1.9 parts of erbium, 1.7 parts of yttrium, 6.8 parts of scandium, 9.6 parts of thulium.
The lucium just can ensure that the foamed aluminum materials being prepared in strict accordance with above-mentioned parts by weight mixture
Material has excellent tensile strength.
In the present invention, in the step (2), specifically aluminium ingot is melted using mid-frequency melting furnace, the intermediate frequency furnace
The principle of induction heating is electromagnetic induction, and since workpiece itself generates when heat, the heating method heating rate is fast, aoxidizes pole
Few, heating efficiency is high, good process repeatability, high degree of automation.
In the present invention, in the step (6), the foaming agent is one of titantium hydride, zircoium hydride.Above-mentioned hair
Infusion is by being often used in foamed aluminium material production process.Further, in order to delay the time foamed, its foaming is improved
Efficiency, by the foaming agent 300 DEG C at a temperature of carry out 1~3h of pretreatment so that foaming agent surface formed compared with Gao Rong
The oxidation film of point；The additive amount of foaming agent directly influences the abscess porosity for the foamed aluminium material being finally prepared, this hair
The additive amount of foaming agent described in bright is the 1.2~2.6% of molten aluminum quality, more preferably, the additive amount of the foaming agent
It is the 2.2~2.6% of molten aluminum quality, by adding the amount of foaming agent in the range, the foamed aluminium material tool being prepared
There is more appropriate porosity, so that it is guaranteed that its intensity with higher.
It is carried out below by way of method of smelting of the specific embodiment to high-intensitive foamed aluminium provided by the invention further
Explanation.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of smelting of foamed aluminium is included in molten aluminum fusion process the step of lucium is added；Institute
The lucium stated includes the rare earth element of following parts by weight：15 parts of gadolinium, 10 parts of ytterbium, 13 parts of dysprosium, 11 parts of neodymium, 7 parts of samarium,
1.9 parts of erbium, 1.7 parts of yttrium, 6.8 parts of scandium, 9.6 parts of thulium；
The lucium accounts for the 0.45% of molten aluminum weight；
The method of smelting includes the following steps：
(1) raw material preparation：
Aluminium：Purity is selected to be more than or equal to 99.9% aluminium ingot；
Alloy intermediate：Iron, silicon, manganese, magnesium, gallium and tin select ferro-aluminum intermediate alloy respectively, aluminium silicon intermediate alloy, in aluminium manganese
Between alloy, magnalium intermediate alloy, the form of gallium and aluminium tin intermediate alloy；
Lucium：The lucium and fine aluminium that gadolinium, ytterbium, dysprosium, neodymium, samarium, erbium, yttrium, scandium and thulium form
Ingot is smelted in crucible into rare earth aluminium ingot mixing intermediate；
(2) aluminium ingot melting：Aluminium ingot is put into the mid-frequency melting furnace for being heated to 780 DEG C, it is complete in atmosphere of inert gases
Running down obtains molten aluminum；
(3) Alloying Treatment：Alloy intermediate is added into molten aluminum, stirring dissolves it sufficiently；
(4) enhancing of going bad is handled：Continue that lucium is added into molten aluminum, is stirred；
(5) alloy component analysis, adjustment：Stokehold detection is carried out to essential element with direct-reading fast spectral analysis instrument, analyze,
Adjustment, control element content；
(6) foaming agent titantium hydride is sucked using negative pressure, the additive amount of the foaming agent titantium hydride is molten aluminum quality
2.5%, it is stirred to obtain molten aluminum mixture；
(7) molten aluminum mixture is dumped into mold, is pushed into foaming furnace, in 1T magnetostatic field, 680~700 DEG C
1~2h of lower heat preservation；
(8) mold is cooling, obtains the foamed aluminium into cooling in cooling system.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment carries out the melting of foamed aluminium as described in Example 1, unlike, the lucium packet
Include the rare earth element of following parts by weight：14 parts of gadolinium, 11 parts of ytterbium, 12 parts of dysprosium, 11 parts of neodymium, 7 parts of samarium, 1.9 parts of erbium, 1.7 parts of yttrium, scandium
7.5 parts, 9.4 parts of thulium.
Remaining is constant, and the foamed aluminium is prepared.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment carries out the melting of foamed aluminium as described in Example 1, unlike, the lucium packet
Include the rare earth element of following parts by weight：12 parts of gadolinium, 8 parts of ytterbium, 10 parts of dysprosium, 10 parts of neodymium, 6 parts of samarium, 1.5 parts of erbium, 1.2 parts of yttrium, scandium 5.5
Part, 9 parts of thulium.
Remaining is constant, and the foamed aluminium is prepared.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment carries out the melting of foamed aluminium as described in Example 1, unlike, the lucium packet
Include the rare earth element of following parts by weight：20 parts of gadolinium, 12 parts of ytterbium, 15 parts of dysprosium, 12 parts of neodymium, 8 parts of samarium, 2.3 parts of erbium, 2.0 parts of yttrium, scandium 8
Part, 10.5 parts of thulium.
Remaining is constant, and the foamed aluminium is prepared.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment carries out the melting of foamed aluminium as described in Example 1, unlike, the lucium packet
Include the rare earth element of following parts by weight：8 parts of gadolinium, 5 parts of ytterbium, 7 parts of dysprosium, 8 parts of neodymium, 5 parts of samarium, 1 part of erbium, 0.8 part of yttrium, 4 parts of scandium, thulium 7
Part；
Remaining is constant, and the foamed aluminium is prepared.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment carries out the melting of foamed aluminium as described in Example 1, unlike, the lucium packet
Include the rare earth element of following parts by weight：25 parts of gadolinium, 15 parts of ytterbium, 20 parts of dysprosium, 15 parts of neodymium, 8 parts of samarium, 3 parts of erbium, 2.3 parts of yttrium, 9 parts of scandium,
11 parts of thulium.
Remaining is constant, and the foamed aluminium is prepared.
Embodiment 7
The present embodiment carries out the melting of foamed aluminium as described in Example 1, unlike, the lucium packet
Include the rare earth element of following parts by weight：5 parts of gadolinium, 2 parts of ytterbium, 3 parts of dysprosium, 5 parts of neodymium, 2 parts of samarium, 0.5 part of erbium, 0.1 part of yttrium, 2 parts of scandium, thulium
5 parts；
Remaining is constant, and the foamed aluminium is prepared.
Embodiment 8
The present embodiment carries out the melting of foamed aluminium as described in Example 1, unlike, the lucium packet
Include the rare earth element of following parts by weight：30 parts of gadolinium, 20 parts of ytterbium, 25 parts of dysprosium, 20 parts of neodymium, 2~10 parts of samarium, 5 parts of erbium, 3 parts of yttrium, scandium 11
Part, 15 parts of thulium；
Remaining is constant, and the foamed aluminium is prepared.
Embodiment 9
The present embodiment carries out the melting of foamed aluminium as described in Example 1, unlike, the lucium accounts for
The 0.4% of molten aluminum quality；Remaining is constant, and the foamed aluminium is prepared.
Embodiment 10
The present embodiment carries out the melting of foamed aluminium as described in Example 1, unlike, the lucium accounts for
The 0.5% of molten aluminum quality；Remaining is constant, and the foamed aluminium is prepared.
Embodiment 11
The present embodiment carries out the melting of foamed aluminium as described in Example 1, unlike, the lucium accounts for
The 0.2% of molten aluminum quality；Remaining is constant, and the foamed aluminium is prepared.
Embodiment 12
The present embodiment carries out the melting of foamed aluminium as described in Example 1, unlike, the lucium accounts for
The 0.8% of molten aluminum quality；Remaining is constant, and the foamed aluminium is prepared.
Embodiment 13
The present embodiment carries out the melting of foamed aluminium as described in Example 1, unlike, the foaming agent titantium hydride adds
Dosage is the 2.3% of molten aluminum quality；Remaining is constant, and the foamed aluminium is prepared.
Embodiment 14
The present embodiment carries out the melting of foamed aluminium as described in Example 1, unlike, the foaming agent titantium hydride adds
Dosage is the 2.2% of molten aluminum quality；Remaining is constant, and the foamed aluminium is prepared.
Embodiment 15
The present embodiment carries out the melting of foamed aluminium as described in Example 1, unlike, the foaming agent titantium hydride adds
Dosage is the 2.6% of molten aluminum quality；Remaining is constant, and the foamed aluminium is prepared.
Embodiment 16
The present embodiment carries out the melting of foamed aluminium as described in Example 1, unlike, the foaming agent titantium hydride adds
Dosage is the 1.2% of molten aluminum quality；Remaining is constant, and the foamed aluminium is prepared.
Reference examples 1
This reference examples carries out the melting of foamed aluminium as described in Example 1, unlike, the lucium packet
Include the rare earth element of following parts by weight：1 part of gadolinium, 1 part of ytterbium, 25 parts of dysprosium, 14 parts of neodymium, 5 parts of samarium, 2 parts of erbium, 1 part of yttrium, 4 parts of scandium, thulium 3
Part；
Remaining is constant, and the foamed aluminium is prepared.
Reference examples 2
This reference examples carries out the melting of foamed aluminium as described in Example 1, unlike, the lucium packet
Include the rare earth element of following parts by weight：33 parts of gadolinium, 25 parts of ytterbium, 14 parts of dysprosium, 1 part of neodymium, 1 part of samarium, 0.1 part of erbium, 0.4 part of yttrium, scandium 0.5
Part, 1 part of thulium；
Remaining is constant, and the foamed aluminium is prepared.
Reference examples 3
This reference examples carries out the melting of foamed aluminium as described in Example 1, unlike, the lucium accounts for
The 0.1% of molten aluminum quality；Remaining is constant, and the foamed aluminium is prepared.
Reference examples 4
This reference examples carries out the melting of foamed aluminium as described in Example 1, unlike, the lucium accounts for
The 1.2% of molten aluminum quality；Remaining is constant, and the foamed aluminium is prepared.
Reference examples 5
This reference examples carries out the melting of foamed aluminium as described in Example 1, unlike, the foaming agent titantium hydride adds
Dosage is the 0.5% of molten aluminum quality；Remaining is constant, and the foamed aluminium is prepared.
Reference examples 6
This reference examples carries out the melting of foamed aluminium as described in Example 1, unlike, the foaming agent titantium hydride adds
Dosage is the 3.5% of molten aluminum quality；Remaining is constant, and the foamed aluminium is prepared.
Reference examples 7
This reference examples carries out the melting of foamed aluminium as described in Example 1, unlike, in step (7), static magnetic field strength
For 0.5T, remaining condition is constant, and the foamed aluminium is prepared.
Reference examples 8
This reference examples carries out the melting of foamed aluminium as described in Example 1, unlike, in step (7), cancel magnetic field
Setting, remaining condition is constant, and the foamed aluminium is prepared.
According to GB/T1040-2006 standard, the INSTRON universal testing machine produced using Instron Corporation of the U.S.
The tensile strength of the foamed aluminium material obtained by the method for above-described embodiment and reference examples is tested.
It can be seen that the method for smelting of foamed aluminium provided by the invention in conjunction with above-mentioned test data, can significantly improve
The tensile strength of foamed aluminium material.
Basic principles and main features and the features of the present invention of the invention have been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these changes
Change and improvement is both fallen in the range of claimed invention.The scope of protection of present invention is by appended claims
And its equivalent thereof.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method of smelting of high intensity foamed aluminium, it is characterised in that：It is included in molten aluminum fusion process and rare earth element is added
The step of mixture；The lucium includes the rare earth element of following parts by weight：5~30 parts of gadolinium, ytterbium 2~20
Part, 3~25 parts of dysprosium, 5~20 parts of neodymium, 2~10 parts of samarium, 0.5~5 part of erbium, 0.1~3 part of yttrium, 2~11 parts of scandium, 5~15 parts of thulium.
2. the method for smelting of high intensity foamed aluminium according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The lucium
Account for the 0.2~0.8% of molten aluminum weight.
3. the method for smelting of high intensity foamed aluminium according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The rare earth element mixing
Object includes the rare earth element of following parts by weight：8~25 parts of gadolinium, 5~15 parts of ytterbium, 7~20 parts of dysprosium, 8~15 parts of neodymium, 5~8 parts of samarium,
1~3 part of erbium, 0.8~2.3 part of yttrium, 4~9 parts of scandium, 7~11 parts of thulium.
4. the method for smelting of high intensity foamed aluminium according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The rare earth element mixing
Object includes the rare earth element of following parts by weight：12~20 parts of gadolinium, 8~12 parts of ytterbium, 10~15 parts of dysprosium, 10~12 parts of neodymium, samarium 6~8
Part, 1.5~2.3 parts of erbium, 1.2~2.0 parts of yttrium, 5.5~8 parts of scandium, 9~10.5 parts of thulium.
5. the method for smelting of high intensity foamed aluminium according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The rare earth element mixing
Object includes the rare earth element of following parts by weight：15 parts of gadolinium, 10 parts of ytterbium, 13 parts of dysprosium, 11 parts of neodymium, 7 parts of samarium, 1.9 parts of erbium, 1.7 parts of yttrium,
6.8 parts of scandium, 9.6 parts of thulium.
6. the method for smelting of high intensity foamed aluminium according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The method of smelting includes
Following steps：
(1) raw material preparation：
Aluminium：Purity is selected to be more than or equal to 99.9% aluminium ingot；
Alloy intermediate：Iron, silicon, manganese, magnesium, gallium and tin select ferro-aluminum intermediate alloy, aluminium silicon intermediate alloy respectively, and aluminium manganese centre is closed
Gold, magnalium intermediate alloy, the form of gallium and aluminium tin intermediate alloy；
Lucium：The lucium and fine aluminium ingot that gadolinium, ytterbium, dysprosium, neodymium, samarium, erbium, yttrium, scandium and thulium form exist
It smelts in crucible into rare earth aluminium ingot mixing intermediate；
(2) aluminium ingot melting：Aluminium ingot is put into the smelting furnace for being heated to 750~800 DEG C, it is completely molten in atmosphere of inert gases
Change, obtains molten aluminum；
(3) Alloying Treatment：Alloy intermediate is added into molten aluminum, stirring dissolves it sufficiently；
(4) enhancing of going bad is handled：Continue that lucium is added into molten aluminum, is stirred；
(5) alloy component analysis, adjustment：Stokehold detection is carried out to essential element with direct-reading fast spectral analysis instrument, analysis is adjusted
It is whole, control element content；
(6) foaming agent is sucked using negative pressure, is stirred to obtain molten aluminum mixture；
(7) molten aluminum mixture is dumped into mold, is pushed into foaming furnace, protected at 1T magnetostatic field, 680~700 DEG C
1~2h of temperature；
(8) mold is cooling, obtains the foamed aluminium into cooling in cooling system.
7. the method for smelting of high intensity foamed aluminium according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：It is specific to use in step (2)
Mid-frequency melting furnace melts aluminium ingot.
8. the method for smelting of high intensity foamed aluminium according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：In step (6), the hair
Infusion is one of titantium hydride, zircoium hydride.
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Inventor after: Zhao Dandan Inventor after: Han Fusheng Inventor after: Li Wanli Inventor after: Xie Feng Inventor after: Chen Jie Inventor after: Zhang Jin Inventor after: Li Hongwei Inventor after: Jin Tingjia Inventor after: Yang Shun Inventor after: Liu Wenqing Inventor before: Zhao Dandan Inventor before: Han Fusheng Inventor before: Kang Jinwu Inventor before: Li Wanli Inventor before: Xie Feng Inventor before: Chen Jie Inventor before: Zhang Jin Inventor before: Li Hongwei Inventor before: Jin Tingjia Inventor before: Yang Shun Inventor before: Liu Wenqing |