CN108841752B - Bacillus megaterium BM22 and application of spore liquid preparation thereof in preventing and treating cyclamen persicum radices - Google Patents
Bacillus megaterium BM22 and application of spore liquid preparation thereof in preventing and treating cyclamen persicum radices Download PDFInfo
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
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- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses a bacillus megaterium BM22 and application of spore liquid preparation thereof in preventing and treating cyclamen sapiensis, wherein the bacillus megaterium BM22 is preserved in a preservation unit: china general microbiological culture collection center with the collection number of CGMCC No. 15070. The bacillus megaterium BM22 spore liquid preparation is prepared by taking bacillus megaterium BM22 as a strain through seed culture and fermentation culture. The bacillus megaterium BM2 has strong stress resistance, is suitable for commercial production, and has double functions of preventing diseases and promoting growth.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microorganisms, and relates to bacillus megaterium BM22 and application of a spore liquid preparation thereof in preventing and treating cyclamen.
Background
Cyclamen (Cyclamen persicum Mill), also known as begonia dubia, lapis conoides, lapis conus, Yipinguan, bonsparks and Pond jasmine are perennial herb plants of primrose family and Cyclamen, the leaves grow from the top of tubers, are heart-shaped, oval or kidney-shaped, have fine sawteeth, are green on leaf surfaces, have white or gray coronas, are green or dark red on leaf backs, are longer in petioles and are reddish brown. Cyclamen prefers warmth, is afraid of heat, and grows best in cool environments and humus-rich fertile sandy loam. Is cold resistant, can resist low temperature of 0 ℃ and cannot be frozen. The growth season is from autumn to spring of 2 years, the plant dormancy is semi-dormant in summer, the proper growth temperature is 12-16 ℃ in winter, the plant dormancy is promoted not to exceed 18-22 ℃ when flowering is promoted, the plant dormancy is carried out at the temperature of more than 0 ℃, the plant rot and death are easy at the temperature of more than 35 ℃, the plant rot and death can be realized in winter, but the plant growth is slow at the temperature of less than 5 ℃, the flower color is dark and the flower blossom is few. Supplementing carbon dioxide gas in winter can promote growth and flowering. During the growing period, an environment with air humidity and sufficient sunlight is required.
The cyclamen black root disease is also called seedling rot, and is a serious disease of cyclamen, which causes root system rot and death of the whole plant. Pathogenic bacteria invade from the root, the branch roots of the diseased plants are rotten and disappear, the main root is dark brown and rotten, and the overground part of leaves are grown and unfolded late, and the developed leaves are withered and drooped. The diseased plant is easy to be complicated with the soft rot, so that the tuber is softened and rotten. Caused by the root cluster of fungi of deuteromycotina (Thielaviopsis basicola (berk. etbr.) Ferr.), the pathogen overwintering in the soil with the diseased residues and the initial infestation in the field the next year. In the field, each gram of soil contains 111 conidia and chlamydospores. The germs spread through water flow or irrigation water, the soil is moist, continuous cropping is realized, and the plant diseases are serious. At present, the disease is mainly chemical prevention and treatment, but biological prevention and treatment which is environment-friendly, safe for people and livestock and can be continuously utilized is not involved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of the prior art in preventing and treating the cyclamen under the control of bacillus megaterium BM22 and the application of the liquid preparation thereof in the prevention and treatment of cyclamen under the control of the cyclamen under.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the Bacillus megaterium BM22 strain is separated from healthy eucommia leaves in Sichuan Mali invertebral fossa medical field by adopting a plate dilution coating method in 2017, 6 and 15 days, and is preserved in China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC) of institute of microbiology, China academy of sciences, microbiological research institute, China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC) in 2017, 12 and 15 days, wherein the address is No. 3 of North Chen West Lu No.1 of the sunward region in Beijing, and the preservation number is CGMCC No. 15070.
The single colony of the bacillus megaterium BM22 cultured on the NA plate culture medium for 2d is milky white, round, rough in surface, wavy in edge, opaque and non-adhesive.
The 16S rDNA sequence of the bacillus megatherium BM22 is shown in SEQ ID NO. 1.
The liquid preparation with the bacillus megaterium BM22 as the active ingredient is prepared by using bacillus megaterium BM22 as a strain through seed culture and fermentation culture.
The liquid preparation using the bacillus megaterium BM22 as a strain contains live spores with the number not less than 1 × 109cfu/g。
The spore liquid preparation taking bacillus megaterium BM22 as a strain is prepared by the following method:
1) first-order inclined plane seeds: preparing a beef extract peptone slant culture medium, inoculating bacillus megaterium BM22, and culturing to prepare a first-level seed;
2) secondary liquid seeds: sterilizing the nutrient meat culture solution under high pressure, placing in a triangular flask under the control of oxygen, inoculating Bacillus megaterium BM22 slant seeds in an aseptic state, and performing shaking culture to obtain Bacillus megaterium BM22 liquid seeds;
3) the fermentation culture solution is placed in a triangular flask under the control of oxygen after being sterilized under high pressure, bacillus megaterium liquid seeds are inoculated in an aseptic state, the inoculation amount is 15 percent of the total volume of the liquid, and the spore liquid preparation is prepared after shaking culture for 4 days.
The beef extract peptone slant culture medium is as follows: 5g of beef extract, 10g of peptone, 3.5g of NaCl, 18g of agar and 1000mL of water.
The nutrient meat culture solution is as follows: 7g of beef extract, 10g of peptone, 5g of NaCl and 1000mL of cyclamen root-bark soaking solution.
The fermentation culture solution is as follows: 0.5-0.6% of corn flour, 0.08-0.2% of corn starch, 0.9-1.2% of bran, 0.18-0.54% of glucose, 0.05-0.15% of soybean cake powder, 0.2-0.5% of soybean flour, KH2PO40.005～0.006％，(NH4)2SO40.006～0.008％，MnSO40.004～0.005％，CaCO30.0005～0.002％，MgSO4·7H20.005-0.006% of O, and the balance of cyclamen root soaking solution, and the pH is 7.0-7.5.
The bacillus megaterium BM22 is applied in preventing and treating cyclamen.
The invention relates to an application of a bacillus megaterium BM22 spore liquid preparation in controlling cyclamen persicum rhizoctonia, in particular to an application in spraying or root irrigation in a seedling stage or in a plant growth process.
The liquid preparation is used for treating cyclamen radiculosis, and the liquid preparation diluent is prepared by preparing the liquid preparation into the liquid preparation with the concentration of 1 × 109cfu/mL, then diluted for administration.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior technical scheme of the cyclamen blackroot disease, the screened biocontrol bacterium Bacillus megaterium BM22 strain has spores with strong stress resistance, long commodity storage life and strong environmental suitability, and can be produced into a commodity biological agent; bacillus megaterium (BM 22) strain is used for preventing and controlling black root disease of cyclamen without pollution and promoting cyclamen growth.
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FIG. 1 is an electrophoretogram of PCR amplification product of BM22rDNA-ITS sequence of Bacillus megaterium of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a phylogenetic tree of strain BM22 constructed based on the 16S rDNA sequence.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described with reference to the following embodiments, which are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not limiting the present invention in other forms, and any person skilled in the art may change or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention, unless they depart from the technical spirit of the present invention.
Materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1 isolation and characterization of Bacillus megaterium BM22
1.1 isolation, purification and preservation of endophytic bacteria
Taking healthy eucommia leaves in the generation area of eucommia black spot in the Sichuan Mali hupehensis Uygur nest medicine field. The collected sample is washed cleanly by sterile water, 1.0g of tissue is weighed, the tissue is soaked in 70% alcohol for 1-2min, then sterilized by 1-3% sodium hypochlorite solution for 3-5min, after being washed for a plurality of times by sterile water, 100 mu L of the last washing liquid is absorbed to smear an NA flat plate (3 g of beef extract, 10g of peptone, 5g of sodium chloride, 15-20g of agar powder, 1000mL of distilled water and pH 7.0, the mixture is evenly mixed and subpackaged and then is sterilized at 121 ℃ for 30min under high pressure), and the mixture is cultured in the dark at 27 ℃ for 24h for comparison of surface sterilization and checking whether the surface sterilization is complete or not.
Cutting the surface-sterilized bark tissue, placing into a sterile mortar, adding sterilized quartz sand and 10mL sterile water, grinding, standing for 30min, and diluting for 10 min-1，10-2，10-3，10-4，10-5Total 5 gradients, 100. mu.L 10 aspirated-3，10-4，10-5The 3 gradient grinding liquids are respectively coated on NA plates (beef extract 3g, peptone 10g, sodium chloride 5g, agar powder 15-20g, distilled water 1000mL, pH 7.0, and after uniform mixing and subpackaging, autoclaving at 121 ℃ for 30min), each treatment is repeated for 3 times, culturing is carried out at 27 ℃ for 48h, and single colonies with obvious colony morphology difference are selected and enter a primary screen.
According to the difference of colony size, color, protrusion, edge characteristic, smooth surface, transparency, etc., selecting single colony, streaking and purifying on NA plate, and transferring the NA slant to 4 deg.c for storage. A total of 36 endophytic bacteria were obtained.
1.2 plate antagonism of endophytic bacteria against Neurospora cyclamen (Thielavirosis basicola)
Plate confrontation method: inoculating 7d of a fungus cake (diameter is 6mm) of Cyclamen melaleucas (Thielavirosis basicola) in the center of a culture dish, dipping and culturing 2d of endophytes at a position about 3cm away from the fungus cake by using inoculating loops respectively, drawing a thin line on each symmetrical side of the germs, culturing at 28 ℃, taking a flat plate only inoculated with the germs as a control, measuring the growth diameter of a bacterial colony of the germs when the control is full of the dish, and repeating the treatment for 3 times each time. The colony growth inhibition was calculated as follows:
the colony growth inhibition rate (control colony net growth diameter-treated colony net growth diameter)/control colony net growth diameter × 100%.
Table 1 shows that 32 endophytic bacteria have good antagonistic action against Cyclamen persicum (Thielavirosis basicola), and the BM22 inhibition rate is 100%.
TABLE 1 antagonistic action of endophytic bacteria against Cyclamen nigrospora (7d)
1.3 identification of the species of endogenous antagonistic bacteria
The endophyte BM22 was identified as B.megaterium by morphological observation and combination of physiological and biochemical indicators (Table 2) and molecular biology.
TABLE 2 physiological and biochemical indexes of strain BM22
A single colony of 2d BM22 strain cultured on NA plate medium was milky white, round, rough-surfaced, wavy-edged, opaque, and non-adherent.
Molecular biological identification (16S rDNA): extracting bacterial DNA to perform PCR amplification and electrophoresis, and recycling a product to a biotechnology company for sequencing; the determined sequences were subjected to homology BLAST analysis with sequences already reported in GenBank databases and multiple sequence comparisons with Clustalx (1.83) software, and phylogenetic trees were constructed using the adjacency method in Mega4.0 software to determine the phylogenetic status of the BM22 strain in microorganisms. The molecular biology identification obtains a DNA fragment with the length of 949bp (figure 1), the 16S rDNA sequence of the BM22 strain is submitted to a GenBank database for BLAST analysis, the bacterial 16S rDNA sequence with higher homology is selected and is subjected to multiple matching arrangement analysis by Clustalx software, and a phylogenetic tree is constructed by Mega analysis software (figure 2). It can be seen that the BM22 strain supports a poly-1 branch with 99% nucleotide sequence similarity of the 16SrRNA gene and a higher abduction value with JX286698 and is more distant from other Bacillus, indicating that BM22 has a closest relationship to Bacillus megaterium.
Based on the characteristics, the BM22 strain is classified and named as Bacillus megaterium (BM 22), and has been stored in the general microbiological culture Collection center of the institute of microbiology, China Committee for culture Collection of microorganisms (CGMCC) No.15070 in 2017, 12 months and 15 days.
Example 2 preparation of Bacillus megaterium BM22 spore liquid
1.1 preparation of spore liquid
The bacillus megaterium BM22 obtained in example 1 was cultured in seed culture and fermentation to prepare a liquid preparation by the following method:
a beef extract peptone slant culture medium (5 g of beef extract, 10g of peptone, 3.5g of NaCl, 18g of agar and 1000mL of water) is prepared by a conventional method, inoculated with bacillus megaterium and cultured to prepare a first-class seed.
The nutrient meat culture solution (7 g of beef extract, 10g of peptone, 5g of NaCl and 1000mL of magnolia bark root bark maceration extract) is sterilized under high pressure, bottled in a 300mL triangular flask according to the proportion of 100mL of liquid under the control of oxygen introduction, inoculated with 2 inclined plane seeds in an aseptic state, and subjected to shaking culture to prepare the liquid bacillus megaterium seeds. Wherein 10g of cyclamen root system is boiled in 1000mL of water for 10 minutes and filtered to obtain filtrate which is cyclamen root maceration extract.
Spore liquid fermentation: 0.5-0.6% of corn flour, 0.08-0.2% of corn starch, 0.9-1.2% of bran, 0.18-0.54% of glucose, 0.05-0.15% of soybean cake powder, 0.2-0.5% of soybean flour, KH2PO40.005～0.006％，(NH4)2SO40.006～0.008％，MnSO40.004～0.005％，CaCO30.0005～0.002％，MgSO4·7H20.005-0.006% of O and the balance of cyclamen root maceration extract, the pH value is 7.0-7.5, the culture solution is sterilized under high pressure, placed in a triangular flask under the control of oxygen, inoculated with bacillus megaterium liquid seeds in an aseptic state, the inoculation amount is 15% of the total volume of the liquid, and after shaking culture for 4 days, the spore liquid agent is prepared, and the number of live spores is not less than 1 × 109cfu/g. When the microbial inoculum is used, the diluent can be used for irrigating roots of cyclamen seedlings.
And (3) preparation preservation: the bottled preparation is stored for 1 year at normal temperature or 2 years at low temperature (4 ℃) without influencing the biological control and growth promotion effects.
Example 3 root irrigation application disease prevention and growth promotion experiment
Diluting the liquid preparation with BM22 spore to different concentrations in spring, irrigating root soil 100 mL/plant once, and counting the results after 30 days. The prevention and the growth promotion are shown in tables 3-6. The mild degree takes 1000 times of liquid as economic concentration, the moderate degree takes 800 times of liquid as economic concentration, and the severe degree takes 50 times to the original liquid as economic concentration.
TABLE 3 BM22 spore liquid preparation for biocontrol cyclamen black root disease
TABLE 4 BM22 strain promoting the growth of cyclamen (seedling 1 year, mild emergence zone)
TABLE 5 BM22 Strain promoting the growth of cyclamen (seedling 1 year, moderate emergence zone)
TABLE 6 BM22 Strain promoting the growth of cyclamen (1 year seedling, severe emergence zone)
In conclusion, the long storage life of the biocontrol bacterium commodity and the strong environmental suitability are the premise and guarantee of the commercialized biological agent and the successful biocontrol. The screened Bacillus megaterium BM22 strain for controlling the cyclamen nigra disease has spores with strong stress resistance, good storability, high temperature resistance, low temperature resistance and drying resistance, is suitable for commercial production, can be effectively applied once, can continuously control the disease, and greatly reduces the cost. The Bacillus megaterium BM22 strain screened by the invention has double functions of preventing diseases and promoting growth of cyclamen.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Sequence listing
<110> Sichuan university of agriculture
<120> Bacillus megaterium BM22 and application of spore liquid preparation thereof in preventing and treating cyclamen persicum radices
<160>1
<170>SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210>1
<211>949
<212>DNA
<213> Bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megaterium)
<400>1
caggctgcgg ggctatacat gcagtcgagc gaactgatta gaagcttgct tctatgacgt 60
tagcggcgga cgggtgagta acacgtgggc aacctgcctg taagactggg ataacttcgg 120
gaaaccgaag ctaataccgg ataggatctt ctccttcatg ggagatgatt gaaagatggt 180
ttcggctatc acttacagat gggcccgcgg tgcattagct agttggtgag gtaacggctc 240
accaaggcaa cgatgcatag ccgacctgag agggtgatcg gccacactgg gactgagaca 300
cggcccagac tcctacggga ggcagcagta gggaatcttc cgcaatggac gaaagtctga 360
cggagcaacg ccgcgtgagt gatgaaggct ttcgggtcgt aaaactctgt tgttagggaa 420
gaacaagtac gagagtaact gctcgtacct tgacggtacc taaccagaaa gccacggcta 480
actacgtgcc agcagccgcg gtaatacgta ggtggcaagc gttatccgga attattgggc 540
gtaaagcgcg cgcaggcggt ttcttaagtc tgatgtgaaa gcccacggct caaccgtgga 600
gggtcattgg aaactgggga acttgagtgc agaagagaaa agcggaattc cacgtgtagc 660
ggtgaaatgc gtagagatgt ggaggaacac cagtggcgaa ggcggctttt tggtctgtaa 720
ctgacgctga ggcgcgaaag cgtggggagc aaacaggatt agataccctg gtagtccacg 780
ccgtaaacga tgagtgctaa gtgttagagg gtttccgccc tttagtgctg cagctaacgc 840
attaagcact ccgcctgggg agtacggtcg caagactgaa actcaaagga attgacgggg 900
gcccgcacaa gcggtggagc atgtggttta attcgaagca acgcgaaga 949
Claims (5)
1. Bacillus megaterium (B.)Bacillus megaterium) The application of BM22 in preventing and treating cyclamen nigrospora root is characterized in that Bacillus megaterium BM22 has been preserved in the China general microbiological culture collection center in 2017, 12 and 15 with the preservation number of CGMCC No. 15070.
2. The application of the spore liquid preparation of the bacillus megaterium BM22 with the preservation number of CGMCC No.15070 in preventing and treating the cyclamen radiculosis.
3. The use according to claim 2, wherein said spore liquid preparation contains viable spores no less than 1 × 109cfu/g。
4. The use according to claim 2, wherein the spore liquid formulation is prepared by:
1) first-order inclined plane seeds: preparing a beef extract peptone slant culture medium, inoculating bacillus megaterium BM22, and culturing to prepare a first-grade slant seed;
2) secondary liquid seeds: sterilizing the nutrient meat culture solution under high pressure, placing in a triangular flask under oxygen control, inoculating the first-stage slant seeds in an aseptic state, and performing shaking culture to obtain second-stage liquid seeds; the nutrient meat culture solution is as follows: 7g of beef extract, 10g of peptone, 5g of NaCl and 1000mL of cyclamen root-bark impregnation liquid;
3) sterilizing the fermentation culture solution under high pressure, placing in a triangular flask under oxygen control, inoculating secondary liquid seeds in an aseptic state, wherein the inoculum size is 15% of the total volume of the liquid, and performing shake culture for 4 days to obtain a spore liquid preparation; the fermentation culture solution is as follows: 0.5-0.6% of corn flour, 0.08-0.2% of corn starch, 0.9-1.2% of bran, 0.18-0.54% of glucose, 0.05-0.15% of soybean cake powder, 0.2-0.5% of soybean flour, KH2PO40.005～0.006%，(NH4)2SO40.006～0.008%，MnSO40.004～0.005%，CaCO30.0005～0.002%，MgSO4·7H20.005-0.006% of O, and the balance of cyclamen root bark soaking solution, and the pH is 7.0-7.5.
5. The use according to claim 4, wherein the beef extract peptone slant medium is: 5g of beef extract, 10g of peptone, 3.5g of NaCl, 18g of agar and 1000mL of water.
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