CN108832279A - Omnidirectional antenna and angle of radiation switching method - Google Patents
Omnidirectional antenna and angle of radiation switching method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108832279A CN108832279A CN201810575983.XA CN201810575983A CN108832279A CN 108832279 A CN108832279 A CN 108832279A CN 201810575983 A CN201810575983 A CN 201810575983A CN 108832279 A CN108832279 A CN 108832279A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/29—Combinations of different interacting antenna units for giving a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q21/293—Combinations of different interacting antenna units for giving a desired directional characteristic one unit or more being an array of identical aerial elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/24—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation by switching energy from one active radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching
- H01Q3/247—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation by switching energy from one active radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching by switching different parts of a primary active element
Abstract
The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of omnidirectional antenna and angle of radiation switching method.In the embodiment of the present application, omnidirectional antenna is made of antenna body and feed circuit, wherein, antenna body includes earth plate, spaced at least two antenna element and its feed line above the earth plate, and is provided with Supporting Media between earth plate and first antenna element and adjacent antenna element above it；At least two gating circuits of feed circuit are respectively connected with at least two antenna element.In this way, when antenna element being fed or combinations thereof difference, omnidirectional antenna can generate different directivity angles on a vertical plane, and then can meet the covering demand of the unlike signal on omnidirectional antenna vertical plane, to increase the coverage area of omnidirectional antenna on a vertical plane.
Description
Technical field
This application involves antenna technical field more particularly to a kind of omnidirectional antennas and angle of radiation switching method.
Background technique
With the development of intelligent antenna technology, more and more smart antenna applications have arrived the wireless communication of daily life
In.Smart antenna has different radiation to the different directions in space or receives ability, and here it is the directionality of antenna.According to
The difference of directionality, antenna are divided into directional aerial and two kinds of omnidirectional antenna.
A bowl-shape reflecting surface, the subsequent letter of directive which can issue antenna are covered with behind directional aerial
It number is reflected into front, reinforces the intensity of preceding signal, the signal for issuing antenna can only be transmitted forwardly, this is in level
Show as certain angle range of radiation on directional diagram, that is, usually described directional.Omnidirectional antenna, can to all the winds
Radiation signal can all around receive signal, this shows as 360 ° of all homogeneous radiations on figure in the horizontal direction, that is,
Usually described is non-directional.
Existing omnidirectional antenna can satisfy the communication requirement for needing horizontal plane omnidirectional to cover, but omnidirectional antenna is in vertical direction
The wave beam of one fixed width is shown as on figure, so that its coverage area on a vertical plane is limited.
Summary of the invention
The many aspects of the application provide a kind of omnidirectional antenna and angle of radiation switching method, are vertically putting down to increase it
Coverage area on face.
A kind of omnidirectional antenna, which is characterized in that including：Feed circuit and antenna body；Wherein,
The antenna body includes：Earth plate, above the earth plate spaced at least two antenna element and
The feed line of at least two antenna element, above the earth plate and the earth plate between first antenna element and
Supporting Media is equipped between adjacent antenna elements；
The feed circuit includes：Power halving circuit and at least two gating circuits at least two output ends；
Wherein, each output end is connect by a gating circuit with the feed line of an antenna element, to be strobed in gating circuit
When to the antenna element of connection feed；Wherein, when the quantity for the antenna element being fed or different combination, the omnidirectional antenna
Different directivity angles is generated on a vertical plane.
The embodiment of the present application also provides a kind of angle of radiation switching method, including：Above-mentioned omnidirectional antenna；This method includes：
Determine the signal covering demand on vertical plane；
According to the mapping relations between antenna element combination and directivity angle, the mesh for meeting the signal covering demand is determined
Mark antenna element combination；
The gating circuit for controlling in the feed circuit antenna element connection in combining with described target antenna a period of time is led
It is logical, corresponding directivity angle is generated on the vertical plane to control target antenna a period of time combination.
In the embodiment of the present application, omnidirectional antenna is made of antenna body and feed circuit, wherein antenna body includes ground connection
Plate, spaced at least two antenna element and its feed line above the earth plate, and earth plate and first above it
Supporting Media is provided between a antenna element and adjacent antenna element；At least two gating circuits of feed circuit with extremely
Few two antenna element are respectively connected with.In this way, the on state of at least two gating circuits is, it can be achieved that right in control feed circuit
Different antenna element or combinations thereof is fed, and when antenna element being fed or combinations thereof difference, omnidirectional antenna can be
Different directivity angles is generated on vertical plane, and then can meet the covering demand of the unlike signal on omnidirectional antenna vertical plane,
To increase the coverage area of omnidirectional antenna on a vertical plane.
Detailed description of the invention
The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application, constitutes part of this application, this Shen
Illustrative embodiments and their description please are not constituted an undue limitation on the present application for explaining the application.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram for antenna body that one exemplary embodiment of the application provides；
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural schematic diagram for buckle that one exemplary embodiment of the application provides；
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural schematic diagram for feed circuit that one exemplary embodiment of the application provides；
Fig. 4 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the top view for antenna element that one exemplary embodiment of the application provides；
Fig. 5 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the bottom view for antenna element that one exemplary embodiment of the application provides；
Fig. 6 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the bottom view for Supporting Media that one exemplary embodiment of the application provides；
Fig. 7 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the front view for omnidirectional antenna that one exemplary embodiment of the application provides；
On the vertical plane that Fig. 8 is a kind of elevation angle for omnidirectional antenna that one exemplary embodiment of the application provides when being 60 °
Radiation diagram；
On the vertical plane that Fig. 9 is a kind of elevation angle for omnidirectional antenna that one exemplary embodiment of the application provides when being 30 °
Radiation diagram；
On the vertical plane that Figure 10 is a kind of elevation angle for omnidirectional antenna that one exemplary embodiment of the application provides when being 0 °
Radiation diagram；
Figure 11 is that a kind of port standing-wave ratio for omnidirectional antenna that one exemplary embodiment of the application provides is varying with frequency
Distribution map；
Figure 12 is a kind of structural schematic diagram for mimo antenna system that one exemplary embodiment of the application provides；
Figure 13 is a kind of flow diagram for angle of radiation switching method that one embodiment of the application provides.
Specific embodiment
To keep the purposes, technical schemes and advantages of the application clearer, below in conjunction with the application specific embodiment and
Technical scheme is clearly and completely described in corresponding attached drawing.Obviously, described embodiment is only the application one
Section Example, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, those of ordinary skill in the art are not doing
Every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work out, shall fall in the protection scope of this application.
For the existing omnidirectional antenna problem that coverage area is limited on a vertical plane, in some embodiments of the application,
A kind of omnidirectional antenna is provided, the basic principle is that：Omnidirectional antenna is made of antenna body and feed circuit, wherein antenna body includes
Earth plate, spaced at least two antenna element and its feed line above the earth plate, and earth plate and its above
Supporting Media is provided between first antenna element and adjacent antenna element；At least two gating circuits of feed circuit
It is respectively connected with at least two antenna element.In this way, the strobe state of at least two gating circuits in feed circuit is controlled, it can be real
Now different antenna element or combinations thereof is fed.When antenna element being fed or combinations thereof difference, omnidirectional antenna
Different directivity angles can be generated on a vertical plane, and then can meet the covering need of the unlike signal on omnidirectional antenna vertical plane
It asks, to increase the coverage area of omnidirectional antenna on a vertical plane.
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, the technical scheme provided by various embodiments of the present application will be described in detail.
It should be noted that：Identical label indicates same object in following attached drawing, therefore, once jobbie is at one
It is defined in attached drawing, then in subsequent attached drawing does not need that it is further discussed.
A kind of omnidirectional antenna that one embodiment of the application provides, including：Feed circuit and antenna body.Wherein, Fig. 1 is this Shen
Please an embodiment provide a kind of antenna body schematic perspective view.As shown in Figure 1, antenna body S10 includes：Earth plate 1,
The feed line 3 of spaced at least two antenna element 2 in 1 top of earth plate and at least two antenna element 2, and earth plate
Supporting Media 4, such as antenna are equipped between 1 and the 1 first antenna element 2a in top of earth plate and between adjacent antenna elements
Supporting Media 4 is provided between a period of time 2a and 2b.
Optionally, glue connection can be used in earth plate 1 and Supporting Media 4 and antenna element 2 and the connection type of Supporting Media 4
It connects, buckle 5 as shown in Figure 2 can also be used and connect, but not limited to this.
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural schematic diagram for feed circuit that one embodiment of the application provides.As shown in figure 3, feed circuit
S11 includes：Power halving circuit U1 and at least two gating circuit K at least two output ends；Wherein power divides electricity equally
Each output end of road U1 is connect by a gating circuit with the feed line of an antenna element, in the gating being correspondingly connected with
It is fed when circuit is strobed to the antenna element of connection.For example, the output end P2 of power halving circuit shown in Fig. 3 is by extremely
The feedback of antenna element 2a at least two antenna element shown in gating circuit K2 and Fig. 1 in few two gating circuit K
Electric wire connection, then can feed when gating circuit K2 is strobed to antenna element 2a.When the antenna element being fed quantity or
When combining different, omnidirectional antenna generates different directivity angles on a vertical plane.For example, if the number of at least two antenna element
When amount is 3,3 antenna element are respectively defined as antenna element X, antenna element Y and antenna element Z, can be fed
The quantity of antenna element can be 1,2 or 3, when the quantity difference for the antenna being fed, and omnidirectional antenna is in vertical plane
It is upper to generate different radiation angles.When the quantity for the antenna element being fed is 2, the combination of the antenna element being fed can be with
It can also be antenna element Y and antenna element Z for antenna element X and antenna element Y, or be antenna element X and antenna element Z,
In this way, the combination for the antenna element being fed is different, omnidirectional antenna can also generate different angle of radiation on a vertical plane.
It should be noted that the way of realization of the antenna body and feed circuit that are presented in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 is exemplary
, and not restrictive.It should also be noted that, antenna element, Supporting Media and earth plate and feed circuit in antenna body
The quantity of middle gating circuit and power halving circuit, shape, structure are also all exemplary, and not restrictive.
In the present embodiment, omnidirectional antenna is made of antenna body and feed circuit, wherein antenna body include earth plate,
Spaced at least two antenna element and its feed line above the earth plate, and earth plate and first antenna above it
Supporting Media is provided between a period of time and adjacent antenna element；At least two gating circuits of feed circuit and at least two
Antenna element is respectively connected with.In this way, the strobe state of at least two gating circuits is, it can be achieved that different in control feed circuit
Antenna element or combinations thereof is fed.When antenna element being fed or combinations thereof difference, omnidirectional antenna can vertically put down
Different directivity angles is generated on face, and then can meet the covering demand of the unlike signal on omnidirectional antenna vertical plane, to increase
The big coverage area of omnidirectional antenna on a vertical plane.
It is worth noting that in the embodiment of the present application, the realization structure of antenna element, earth plate and Supporting Media,
Size, shape, quantity, material etc. influence omnidirectional antenna covered signal frequency, bandwidth and radiation efficiency, be based on
This can be according to the application of omnidirectional antenna when designing omnidirectional antenna, the reasonable realization for adjusting antenna element and earth plate
The height of structure and size, shape and Supporting Media, in the hope of being adapted with application and the equipment depended on.It will enclose below
The expansion of the contents such as realization structure and size, shape, quantity and material around antenna element, earth plate and Supporting Media is said
It is bright.
In some alternative embodiments of the application, above-mentioned at least two antenna element and earth plate can be set in parallel respectively
It sets, in this way, the volume of the omnidirectional antenna of its composition can be not only reduced, but also when feeding simultaneously at least two antenna element,
Help to realize omnidirectional's uniform fold on horizontal plane.
In some alternative embodiments of the application, earth plate be may be disposed on FR4 doubling plate, and exactly earth plate is laid with
In the top layer of the FR4 doubling plate to be formed reflectingly.Wherein, FR4 is a kind of code name of flame resistant material grade, represents resin material
A kind of material specification of self-extinguish is allowed for by combustion state, FR4 grade material is mostly four function (Tera-
Function epoxy resin) adds the composite material that filler (Filler) and glass fibre are made.FR4 grade material
The doubling plate that production is formed is referred to as FR4 doubling plate, can be used for making pcb board.Optionally, which can be used by metal material
Expect the metal layer being laid to, such as metal material of copper, aluminium etc. can be used, but not limited to this.Further, optionally, metal layer
It can be the metal foils such as copper foil, aluminium foil.
Further, the bottom in the FR4 doubling plate can be set to reduce the volume of omnidirectional antenna in feed circuit S11.
In the embodiment of the present application, the realization structure for not limiting antenna element, can be according to the application of omnidirectional antenna
And the apparatus adaptability setting that omnidirectional antenna is depended on.A kind of antenna element is given in some alternative embodiments of the application
Realization structure.In these optional embodiments, each antenna element may include：Pcb board is set to the pcb board top layer
Top layer radiation patch and the bottom radiation patch for being set to the pcb board bottom.Wherein, pcb board is as insulating substrate, for holding
Top layer radiation patch and bottom radiation patch are carried, top layer radiation patch and bottom radiation patch are used for external radiation feed antenna battle array
The radiofrequency signal of son.Optionally, lower-cost FR4 doubling plate can be selected in pcb board.
Further, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 is respectively the top view for the antenna element 2 that one alternative embodiment of the application provides and looks up
The structural schematic diagram of figure.It is illustrated below with reference to realization structure of the Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 to antenna element.
As shown in figure 4, the top layer radiation patch 21 of antenna element is layed in the top layer of pcb board 22, wherein top layer radiation patch
Piece 21 includes：Be located on the top layer patch 21a of annular at 22 center of pcb board, connect with the sub- patch 21a of top layer annular and about
The center of pcb board 22 is centrosymmetric 4 sub- patch 21b of top layer L shape of setting, and with 4 sub- 21b pairs of patch of top layer L shape
The 4 parasitic radiation line 21c answered.Wherein, when feed circuit S11 feeds the antenna element, 4 sub- patch 21b of top layer L shape
Center symmetric setting about pcb board 22 can make the radiation intensity of the antenna element in each direction identical.Further, to 4
4 parasitic radiation line 21c that a sub- patch 21b of top layer L shape is correspondingly arranged can increase the signal frequency that omnidirectional antenna can radiate
Bandwidth.Optionally, the corresponding parasitic radiation line of a radiation of each sub- patch of top layer L shape can be arranged in parallel, such as
The radiation R3 of the sub- patch of top layer L shape shown in Fig. 4 is arranged in parallel with corresponding parasitic radiation line 21c1.
Correspondingly, as shown in figure 5, the bottom of pcb board 22 is laid with bottom radiation patch 23, match with top layer radiation patch 21
It closes, the radiation efficiency of antenna element can be further enhanced.Wherein, bottom radiation patch 23 includes：It is located on the center of pcb board 22
The bottom patch 23a of annular, and be connected with the sub- patch 23a of bottom annular and the center symmetric setting about pcb board 22
Four sub- patch 23b of bottom L shape.
Further, by each antenna element the sub- patch 21b of 4 top layer L shapes and 4 sub- patch 23b of bottom L shape about
The centre normal of the antenna element is symmetrical arranged.In this way, when the antenna element is fed, the letter that is radiated in each direction
Number intensity is equal, and omnidirectional's uniform fold on horizontal plane can be better achieved.
Correspondingly, identical paster structure can be used in the sub- patch of each top layer L shape and each sub- patch of bottom L shape, can be into
One step provides the omnidirectional's uniform fold of omnidirectional antenna on the horizontal level.As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, each sub- patch of top layer L shape and
Each sub- patch of bottom L shape includes：The first radiation being connected with top layer annular sub- patch 21a or the sub- patch 23a of bottom annular
Line R1, the second radiation R2 being connected with the first radiation R1, and be connected with the second radiation R2 and vertical second radiation
The third radiation R3 of R2 setting.
Further, in order to reaching frequency required by application, such as 5GHz used in people's daily life
Or the wifi frequency range of 2.4GHz can also fit other than the height of the size of above-mentioned adjustment antenna element, shape or Supporting Media
The adjustment top layer radiation patch of answering property or the length or width of bottom radiation patch.Optionally, in application scenes, such as scheme
Shown in 4 or Fig. 5, the width of settable first radiation R1<The width of third radiation R3<The width of parasitic radiation line 21c1<
The width of second radiation R2；And second radiation R2 length<The length of first radiation R1<The length of third radiation R3
<The length of parasitic radiation line 21c1.
Still optionally further, circular hole is opened up at the center at the center of pcb board and earth plate, convenient for feed circuit S11 to day
At least two antenna element feed in wire body, the way of realization of the circular hole 10 of pcb board is as shown in Fig. 4 or Fig. 5.In this way, such as Fig. 4
Or shown in Fig. 5, top layer annular sub- patch 21b and the sub- patch 23b of bottom annular in each antenna element can be located on pcb board
Circular hole 10.Optionally, each Supporting Media 4 is all made of hollow cylindrical structure, and bottom view is as shown in Figure 6.In this way, each
The feed line of antenna element can be arranged in the cylindrical structure below antenna element, be to be arranged in support to be situated between specifically
The hollow space of matter 4, and pass through circular hole and the corresponding gating circuit K connection of earth plate.
Optionally, in the above embodiments, the length of the feed line 3 of each antenna element can be identical, can make in this way
It is equal to the phase of the radiofrequency signal of each antenna element institute feed-in, convenient for the tune at the elevation angle to omnidirectional antenna on a vertical plane
Section and control.
Further, coaxial line can be used in the feed line of each antenna element, but not limited to this.Coaxial line include inner conductor and
Outer conductor is wherein provided with insulating medium layer, and is enclosed with insulating sheath on the outside of outer conductor between inner conductor and outer conductor, this
Sample, insulating sheath can play shielding action, and the radiofrequency signal for preventing coaxial pair to be fed into omnidirectional antenna generates interference.In conjunction with Fig. 4
With the structure of antenna element shown in Fig. 5, the inner conductor and outer conductor of coaxial line are respectively welded at top layer annular of antenna element
On patch and the sub- patch of bottom annular.
It should also be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the power halving circuit in feed circuit can be power splitter,
It is also possible to that other circuits that power divides function equally may be implemented.At least two gating circuits can be as switching circuit, can also
Think and other circuits, such as diode selection circuit of switching gate logic etc. may be implemented.Power is not limited in this application
The way of realization of halving circuit and gating circuit, as long as can realize that power divides the circuit of function equally and can realize this in the application
The circuit of feed circuit gate logic is used equally in the feed circuit of the application in application.Following example is to feed circuit
Realize that structure does exemplary illustration.
For feed circuit S11, in an alternative embodiment, as shown in figure 3, feed circuit S11 may also include one
A variable connector K1, at least two gating circuit K select single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT)；Wherein, two of each single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT)
Non-moving end is connected with a non-moving end of an output end P2 or P3 of power halving circuit U1 and variable connector K1 respectively,
The input terminal P1 of power halving circuit U1 is also connected with a non-moving end of variable connector K1.In this way, when feed circuit S11 is logical
Cross in variable connector K1 gating single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) all the way and when individually being fed to corresponding antenna element, do not considering
In the case where the self power loss of antenna element, it is ensured that the power 100% of radiofrequency signal is fed into corresponding antenna array
Son, and then improve the radiation efficiency of omnidirectional antenna.
Wherein, feed circuit is mainly used for gating antenna element, therefore its number for implementing structure and antenna element
Amount is related.It is 2 below with the quantity of at least two antenna element to illustrate.
When the quantity of at least one antenna element is 2, the schematic perspective view of the omnidirectional antenna constituted can be such as
Shown in Fig. 1, the structural schematic diagram of the front view of corresponding omnidirectional antenna is as shown in Figure 7.For ease of description, by 2 antenna arrays
Son is respectively defined as first antenna a period of time 2a and the second antenna element 2b, and wherein first antenna a period of time 2a is to be set to earth plate 1
First antenna element of top.Correspondingly, feed circuit shown in Fig. 3 can be used in feed circuit S11, i.e. variable connector K1 can
Single-pole three-throw switch is selected, power halving circuit U1 can be two power splitters.For ease of description, will be with first antenna a period of time 2a and
The single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) of two antenna element 2b connections is respectively defined as the first single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) K2 and the second single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT)
K3.Two the non-moving ends RF4 and RF5 of first single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) K2 respectively with the non-moving end RF1 of single-pole three-throw switch K1 and two
The output end P2 connection of power splitter；Two the non-moving ends RF6 and RF7 of second single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) K3 are respectively with two power splitter U1's
Output end P3 is connected with the non-moving end RF3 of single-pole three-throw switch K1；The input terminal P1 of two power splitter U1 also with single-pole three-throw switch
The non-moving end RF2 of K1 is connected.
Further, for ease of description, the coaxial line being connected with first antenna a period of time 2a and second a period of time 2b is fixed respectively
Justice is the first coaxial line 3a and the second coaxial line 3b, will be set to the Supporting Media between earth plate 1 and first antenna a period of time 2a
It is defined as the first Supporting Media 4a, the Supporting Media being set between first antenna a period of time 2a and the second antenna element 2b is defined
For the second Supporting Media 4b.Optionally, feed mouth corresponding to the moved end of the first single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) K2 in feed circuit S11
A1 is connect with the first coaxial line 3a of first antenna a period of time 2a, feed mouth A2 corresponding to the moved end of the second single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) K3
It is connect with the first coaxial line 3b of first antenna a period of time 2b.In this way, when gating single-pole three-throw switch K1 the first sub switch RF1 and
When the first sub switch RF4 of the first single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) K2, the function of the radiofrequency signal of the moved end RFC of single-pole three-throw switch K1 is injected
Rate can whole feed-in first antenna a period of time 2a；But if the second sub switch RF2 and for passing through gating single-pole three-throw switch K1
The second sub switch RF5 of one single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) K2 to feed to first antenna a period of time 2a, then injects single-pole three-throw switch K1's
The power of the radiofrequency signal of moved end RFC only has half to be fed into first antenna a period of time 2a by the output end P2 of two power splitter U1,
The other half can then be absorbed by another output end P3 of two power splitter U1 impedance connected, can reduce the spoke of omnidirectional antenna in this way
Penetrate efficiency.
Further, the top of the height and antenna element of antenna element size, shape or Supporting Media in order to facilitate understanding
The shadow between relevant parameters, with frequency required by application such as length or width of layer radiation patch or bottom radiation patch
The relationship of sound, below for the wifi frequency range of the 5GHz used in the omnidirectional antenna covering people's daily life, and for including two
The omnidirectional antenna of a antenna element illustrates these relevant parameters.
Optionally, the long * wide of first antenna a period of time 2a and the second antenna element 2b can be 32mm*32mm, each antenna array
Lower-cost 1mm thickness F R4 material can be used in the pcb board 22 of son, and 10 diameter of circular hole is 4mm, wherein the top layer of antenna element
Radiation patch 21 and bottom radiation patch 23 can be the copper that covers of thickness 1oz, the sub- patch of top layer annular of top layer radiation patch 21
The diameter of 21a and the sub- patch 23a of the bottom of bottom radiation patch annular can be 6mm.Top layer L shape sub- patch 21b or bottom L shape
First radiation line width of patch is 0.6mm, and length 5.9mm, the second radiation line width is 2.4mm, length 4.1mm, the
Three radiation line widths are 1.2mm, length 9.6mm.It is 10mm that parasitic radiation line 21c width, which is 2mm length, is radiated apart from third
The distance of line is 2mm.
Further, earth plate 1 can be selected radius be 50mm FR4 doubling plate, earth plate Circularhole diameter be 4mm, first
It is 12mm that support medium 4a and the second Supporting Media 4b, which is all made of hollow cylinder outer diameter, and hollow space diameter is 7mm, the first support
Medium 4a height is 21mm, and the second Supporting Media 4b height is 10mm, and the height of entire Intelligent omnidirectional antenna is 33mm.
Illustrate herein, above-mentioned numerical value is the more excellent numerical value that inventor passes through that creative work proposes, but is not limited to these
Numerical value.On the basis of above-mentioned each numerical value, the numberical range obtained by fine tuning, if can satisfy application demand, also at this
Apply within embodiment protection scope.For example, for the long * wide of first antenna a period of time 2a and the second antenna element 2b, through micro-
Numberical range (30mm-34mm) * (30mm-34mm) after tune also within the application protection scope, correspondingly, works as first antenna
After the long * wide adjustment of a period of time 2a and the second antenna element 2b, the band requirement that can need to cover according to omnidirectional antenna, adaptability tune
The height of whole Supporting Media, the top layer radiation patch of antenna element or length or width of bottom radiation patch etc., such as adjust
The height number range of the first Supporting Media is 10mm-14mm etc. afterwards, it is also possible to be adapted to out other numberical ranges.It needs to illustrate
It is that these numberical ranges are illustrative, and not restrictive, as long as using the structure of above-mentioned omnidirectional antenna, only to each
The size of component is adjusted, then also within the embodiment of the present application protection scope.
Below in the omnidirectional antenna of above-mentioned relevant parameter different number or combined antenna element feed respectively when,
The case where directivity angle generated on vertical plane, illustrates.When the quantity of at least two antenna element is 2,
Simulating, verifying is carried out for using above-mentioned feed circuit S11 shown in Fig. 3 to be fed for antenna body S10, then is had：
When the first sub switch of the first sub switch RF1 and the first single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) K2 of gating single-pole three-throw switch K1
When RF4, feed circuit S11 is fed to first antenna a period of time 2a, can generate the first directivity angle on a vertical plane.It is in frequency
When 5.5GHz, the radiation diagram of the vertical plane of the omnidirectional antenna on a vertical plane is as shown in figure 8, Theta indicates angle, θ, mark
It is 60 °, 30 °, 0 ° and 10 °, correspondingly, each elevation angle that note (Name) m1-m4, which respectively indicates directivity angle (directivity angle=90 °-θ),
Under radiation signal intensity (Magnitude, Mag) be followed successively by 5.8310dBi, 0.2119dBi, -5.9949dBi and -
5.2751dBi.Due to directivity angle be 60 ° (θ=30 °) when, radiated signal strength be greater than 3dBi therefore can be obtained from Fig. 8, should
First directivity angle is 60 °.
As the second sub switch RF5 of gating the second sub switch RF2 of single-pole three-throw switch K1, the first single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) K2
And second single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) K3 the first sub switch RF6 when, feed circuit S11 is to first antenna a period of time 2a and the second antenna
A period of time 2b is fed simultaneously, can generate the second directivity angle on a vertical plane.If first antenna a period of time 2a and the second antenna
The equal length of the feed line of a period of time 2b, then when frequency is 5.5GHz, the vertical plane of the omnidirectional antenna on a vertical plane
Radiation diagram as shown in figure 9, wherein for label m1-m4, Theta and Mag explanation can be found in Fig. 8 in associated description,
Details are not described herein.Since when directivity angle is 30 ° (θ=60 °), the intensity of radiation signal is greater than 3dBi therefore can from Fig. 9
, when the equal length of the feed line of first antenna a period of time 2a and the second antenna element 2b, which is 30 °.It can
Selection of land generates on a vertical plane if the length of the feed line of first antenna a period of time 2a and the second antenna element 2b is unequal
The second directivity angle be other angles in addition to 30 °.
When the second sub switch of the third sub switch RF3 and the second single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) K3 of gating single-pole three-throw switch K1
When RF7, feed circuit S11 is fed to the second antenna element 2b, can generate third directivity angle on a vertical plane.It is in frequency
When 5.5GHz, the radiation diagram of the vertical plane of the omnidirectional antenna on a vertical plane is as shown in Figure 10, wherein for marking m1-
The explanation of m4, Theta and Mag can be found in the associated description in Fig. 8, and details are not described herein.Due to, directivity angle is 0 ° (θ=
90 °) when, therefore the intensity of radiation signal is greater than 3dBi can obtain from Figure 10, which is 0 °.
For the connection type of clearer description above-mentioned feed line 3 and corresponding gating circuit K, at least two antennas
The quantity in a period of time is 2 and illustrates.The front view for the omnidirectional antenna that Fig. 7 is the quantity of antenna element when being 2
Structural schematic diagram.As shown in fig. 7, the center of earth plate 1, first antenna a period of time 2a and the second antenna element 2b offers circle
Hole, the first Supporting Media 4a and the second Supporting Media 4b are hollow cylindrical body shown in fig. 5.Wherein, the first coaxial line 3a
The hollow space of circular hole and the first Supporting Media 4a that one end sequentially passes through earth plate 1 reaches the circular hole of first antenna a period of time 2a
The inner conductor of first coaxial line 3a is soldered on the sub- patch 21a of top layer annular of first antenna a period of time 2a, the first coaxial line by place
The outer conductor of 3a is soldered on the sub- patch 23a of bottom annular in first antenna a period of time；The other end of first coaxial line 3a with it is corresponding
Gating circuit connection, such as feed mouth A1 corresponding with the gating circuit K2 in feed circuit S11 as shown in Figure 2 be connected
It connects.For the second coaxial line 3b, the circular hole of earth plate 1, the hollow space of the first Supporting Media 4a, first antenna battle array are sequentially passed through
The hollow space of the circular hole of sub- 2a, the second Supporting Media 4b, reach the second antenna element 2b circular hole at, will be by the second coaxial line
The inner conductor of 3b is soldered on the sub- patch 21a of top layer annular of the second antenna element 2b, and the outer conductor of the second coaxial line 3b welds
To the sub- patch 23a of bottom annular of the second antenna element 2b；The other end of second coaxial line is connected with corresponding gating circuit,
Such as feed mouth A2 corresponding with the gating circuit K3 in feed circuit S11 as shown in Figure 2 is connected.
In antenna technical field, the general maximum using the port standing-wave ratio of antenna, radiation efficiency and each radiation regimes
The performance of antenna is measured in gain.Wherein, standing-wave ratio is used to indicate whether antenna and wave transmission platform match.If standing-wave ratio
Value is equal to 1, then is optimal situation, and the electric wave for indicating that transmitting is transferred to antenna does not have any reflection, all radiate；Such as
Fruit standing wave ratio is greater than 1, then it represents that some electric wave is reflected back, and ultimately becomes heat, so that feed line heats up.Generally
When standing-wave ratio is less than 2, then there is the electric wave greater than 88.89% that can be radiated in the ideal case.It is general to require based on this
The standing-wave ratio of antenna is less than 2.
Radiation efficiency refers to the power (i.e. the effectively power of converted electromagnetic wave part) and be input to that aerial radiation is gone out
The ratio between active power of antenna, radiation efficiency is bigger, then the energy consumption of representative antennas is smaller, and performance is better.
The maximum gain of each radiation regimes refer to maximum radiant intensity in all directions on the maximum direction of radiation intensity and
The ratio of radiation intensity of the ideal omnidirectional antenna homogeneous radiation of feed-in equal-wattage to entire spherical space, maximum gain are got over
Greatly, then antenna is more concentrated in the energy of the radiation of the direction, antenna in this direction radio signal propagation distance it is remoter,
Performance is better.
Include two antenna element based on above-mentioned omnidirectional antenna, covers the wifi frequency of 5GHz used in people's daily life
The example of section carries out simulating, verifying, obtains the port standing wave of first antenna a period of time 2a and the second antenna element 2b as shown in figure 11
Than the distribution map with frequency.It can be obtained from Figure 11, port standing wave of first antenna a period of time 2a at frequency 4.81GHz and 6.13GHz
Than being 2, port standing-wave ratio of the second antenna element 2b at frequency 4.76GHz and 6.20GHz is 2, therefore, first antenna a period of time
With the second antenna element in the frequency range of 5GHz-6GHz, the standing-wave ratio better than 2 (numerical value is less than 2), port standing-wave ratio can be achieved
Well.
On the other hand, the radiation efficiency of above-mentioned omnidirectional antenna is verified, obtains the radiation of omnidirectional antenna under each frequency
Efficiency, as shown in table 1 below：
Table 1
| Frequency (GHz) | Radiation efficiency |
| 5.0 | 86% |
| 5.1 | 80% |
| 5.2 | 81% |
| 5.3 | 83% |
| 5.4 | 85% |
| 5.5 | 90% |
| 5.6 | 87% |
| 5.7 | 87% |
| 5.8 | 88% |
| 5.9 | 88% |
| 6.0 | 87% |
Further, the maximum gain of each radiation regimes of above-mentioned omnidirectional antenna is emulated, obtains the antenna each
The maximum gain of radiation regimes can be better than 3dBi.
It can to sum up obtain, when the quantity of antenna element is 2, to the size of antenna element, shape and its top layer radiativity
Corresponding design is carried out with layout, the size of bottom radiation etc., and the shape, size and support of earth plate is adaptively adjusted
The height of medium, realize on the horizontal plane of 5GHz-6GHz omnidirectional covering, and can realize on a vertical plane 0 °, 30 °,
The switching of 60 ° of directivity angle, and then increase its coverage area in vertical direction.
It is worth noting that multiple-input and multiple-output can also be constituted using omnidirectional antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application
(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output, MIMO) antenna system.The mimo antenna system includes that N number of the application is mentioned
The omnidirectional antenna of confession, these omnidirectional antennas can share the same earth plate, and each omnidirectional antenna works independently, N be greater than or
Natural number equal to 2.The number of required omnidirectional antenna radio frequency fluxion according to required for application scenarios in mimo antenna system
To determine.For example, it is assumed that mimo antenna system be applied to 4 bars streams wireless access points (Access Point,
AP) in equipment, then the structural schematic diagram of the mimo antenna system can be as shown in figure 12, including：4 omnidirectional antennas, and 4 omnidirectionals
Antenna duplexer earth plate.In this way, the mimo antenna system can be realized 4 tunnel radiofrequency signals input and 4 tunnel radiofrequency signals it is defeated
Out.
In addition to above equipment constructive embodiment, present invention also provides certain methods embodiment, these embodiments of the method
Essentially describe the process that control omnidirectional antenna carries out angle of radiation switching.Below in conjunction with attached drawing to these embodiments of the method into
Row is described in detail.
Figure 13 is a kind of flow diagram for angle of radiation switching method that one embodiment of the application provides, and is suitable for above-mentioned
Omnidirectional antenna.As shown in figure 13, this method includes：
1301, the signal covering demand on vertical plane is determined.
1302, it according to the mapping relations between antenna element combination and directivity angle, determines and meets signal covering demand
The combination of target antenna a period of time.
1303, the gating circuit conducting of the connection of the antenna element in combining in feed circuit with target antenna a period of time is controlled,
Corresponding directivity angle is generated on a vertical plane to control the combination of target antenna a period of time.
In the present embodiment, omnidirectional antenna includes feed circuit and antenna body.Detailed construction about omnidirectional antenna can join
See the description of previous embodiment, details are not described herein.
In the present embodiment, during designing omnidirectional antenna, can determine antenna element combination with directivity angle it
Between mapping relations.Different directivity angles correspond to signal covering demand different on vertical plane.Based on this, communicated at some
Journey can determine the signal covering demand on vertical plane；Then according to the mapping between antenna element combination and directivity angle
Relationship determines the antenna element combination for meeting signal covering demand.For ease of description, the day that signal covering demand will be met
Linear array sub-portfolio is denoted as the combination of target antenna a period of time.Wherein, identified target antenna a period of time can be an antenna element,
It can be the combination of at least two antenna element.Later, each antenna element in combining in feed circuit with target antenna is controlled
The gating circuit of connection is connected, so that the combination of target antenna a period of time generates corresponding directivity angle on a vertical plane.It should
Mode can select omnidirectional antenna directivity angle on a vertical plane according to practical application request, realize freely cutting for directivity angle
It changes, and then increases the coverage area of omnidirectional antenna on a vertical plane.
It should be noted that determining that the signal on vertical plane covers demand according to application scenarios, host computer can be passed through
Program or corresponding software are arranged the demands of application scenarios.These host computer procedures or corresponding software are many in the art
Well known, this will not be repeated here.
For the clearer implementation process for illustrating step 1303, the quantity now in conjunction with above-mentioned at least two antenna element is
It the case where at 2, illustrates.When the quantity of at least two antenna element is 2, in feed circuit at least two
A gating circuit may be configured as 2 single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT)s, and power square circuit can be two power splitters.Optionally, feed circuit can
Comprising a variable connector, which can be single-pole three-throw switch.Feed circuit based on this, and as shown in connection with fig. 1 and
The optional embodiment of the structural schematic diagram of omnidirectional antenna shown in Fig. 3, step 1303 is：
Embodiment 1：When the of the first sub switch RF1 and the first single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) K2 of gating single-pole three-throw switch K1
When one sub switch RF4, feed circuit S11 is fed to first antenna a period of time 2a, can generate the first directivity angle on a vertical plane.
Embodiment 2：When gating the second sub switch RF2 of single-pole three-throw switch K1, the first single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) K2 the
When the first sub switch RF6 of two sub switch RF5 and the second single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) K3, feed circuit S11 is to first antenna a period of time
2a and the second antenna element 2b is fed simultaneously, can generate the second directivity angle on a vertical plane.
Embodiment 3：When the of the third sub switch RF3 and the second single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) K3 of gating single-pole three-throw switch K1
When two sub switch RF7, feed circuit S11 is fed to the second antenna element 2b, can generate third directivity angle on a vertical plane.
It should be noted that in embodiment 2, the feed line of first antenna a period of time 2a and the second antenna element 2b
Length determines whether the phase of the signal of two antenna element of feed-in is identical, and then influences omnidirectional antenna and produced on a vertical plane
The size of the second raw directivity angle.Based on this, the big of the second directivity angle can be adjusted by adjusting the length of feed line
It is small.
It should be noted that the executing subject of each step of above-described embodiment institute providing method may each be same equipment,
Alternatively, this method is also by distinct device as executing subject.For example, the executing subject of step 1301 to step 1303 can be to set
Standby A；For another example, step 1301 and 1302 executing subject can be equipment A, the executing subject of step 1303 can be equipment B；
Etc..
In addition, containing in some processes of the description in above-described embodiment and attached drawing according to particular order appearance
Multiple operations, but it should be clearly understood that these operations can not execute or parallel according to its sequence what appears in this article
It executes, serial number of operation such as 1301,1302 etc., is only used for distinguishing each different operation, serial number itself, which does not represent, appoints
What executes sequence.In addition, these processes may include more or fewer operations, and these operations can execute in order
Or parallel execution.It should be noted that the description such as " first " herein, " second ", is for distinguishing different message, setting
Standby, module etc. does not represent sequencing, does not also limit " first " and " second " and is different type.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that, the embodiment of the present invention can provide as method, system or computer program
Product.Therefore, complete hardware embodiment, complete software embodiment or reality combining software and hardware aspects can be used in the present invention
Apply the form of example.Moreover, it wherein includes the computer of computer usable program code that the present invention, which can be used in one or more,
The computer program implemented in usable storage medium (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical memory etc.) produces
The form of product.
The present invention be referring to according to the method for the embodiment of the present invention, the process of equipment (system) and computer program product
Figure and/or block diagram describe.It should be understood that every one stream in flowchart and/or the block diagram can be realized by computer program instructions
The combination of process and/or box in journey and/or box and flowchart and/or the block diagram.It can provide these computer programs
Instruct the processor of general purpose computer, special purpose computer, Embedded Processor or other programmable data processing devices to produce
A raw machine, so that being generated by the instruction that computer or the processor of other programmable data processing devices execute for real
The device for the function of being specified in present one or more flows of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram.
These computer program instructions, which may also be stored in, is able to guide computer or other programmable data processing devices with spy
Determine in the computer-readable memory that mode works, so that it includes referring to that instruction stored in the computer readable memory, which generates,
Enable the manufacture of device, the command device realize in one box of one or more flows of the flowchart and/or block diagram or
The function of being specified in multiple boxes.
These computer program instructions also can be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, so that counting
Series of operation steps are executed on calculation machine or other programmable devices to generate computer implemented processing, thus in computer or
The instruction executed on other programmable devices is provided for realizing in one or more flows of the flowchart and/or block diagram one
The step of function of being specified in a box or multiple boxes.
In a typical configuration, calculating equipment includes one or more processors (CPU), input/output interface, net
Network interface and memory.
Memory may include the non-volatile memory in computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and/or
The forms such as Nonvolatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM).Memory is computer-readable medium
Example.
Computer-readable medium includes permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media can be by any method
Or technology come realize information store.Information can be computer readable instructions, data structure, the module of program or other data.
The example of the storage medium of computer includes, but are not limited to phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), moves
State random access memory (DRAM), other kinds of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electric erasable
Programmable read only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory techniques, read-only disc read only memory (CD-ROM) (CD-ROM),
Digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices
Or any other non-transmission medium, can be used for storage can be accessed by a computing device information.As defined in this article, it calculates
Machine readable medium does not include temporary computer readable media (transitory media), such as the data-signal and carrier wave of modulation.
It should also be noted that, the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant are intended to nonexcludability
It include so that the process, method, commodity or the equipment that include a series of elements not only include those elements, but also to wrap
Include other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for this process, method, commodity or equipment intrinsic want
Element.In the absence of more restrictions, the element limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that including described want
There is also other identical elements in the process, method of element, commodity or equipment.
The above description is only an example of the present application, is not intended to limit this application.For those skilled in the art
For, various changes and changes are possible in this application.All any modifications made within the spirit and principles of the present application are equal
Replacement, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of omnidirectional antenna, which is characterized in that including：Feed circuit and antenna body；Wherein,
The antenna body includes：Earth plate, spaced at least two antenna element and described above the earth plate
It is between first antenna element and adjacent above the feed line of at least two antenna element, the earth plate and the earth plate
Supporting Media is equipped between antenna element；
The feed circuit includes：Power halving circuit and at least two gating circuits at least two output ends；Wherein,
Each output end is connect by a gating circuit with the feed line of an antenna element, with when gating circuit is strobed to company
The antenna element feed connect；Wherein, when the quantity for the antenna element being fed or different combination, the omnidirectional antenna is vertical
Different directivity angles is generated in plane.
2. omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that each antenna element includes：Pcb board is set to institute
It states the top layer radiation patch of pcb board top layer and is set to the bottom radiation patch of the pcb board bottom.
3. omnidirectional antenna according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the top layer radiation patch includes：It is located on described
The sub- patch of top layer annular at pcb board center is connected and the central symmetry about the pcb board is set with the annular sub- patch of the top layer
The sub- patch of four top layer L shapes and four parasitic radiation lines corresponding with four top layer patches of L shape set；
The bottom radiation patch includes：Be located on the center of the pcb board the bottom patch of annular and with the bottom
The sub- patch of annular is connected and four sub- patches of bottom L shape of the center symmetric setting about the pcb board.
4. omnidirectional antenna according to claim 3, which is characterized in that each sub- patch of top layer L shape or each bottom L shape
Patch includes：The first radiation and described first being connected with the annular sub- patch of the top layer or the sub- patch of bottom annular
The second connected radiation of radiation and it is connected with second radiation and the third spoke vertical with second radiation
Ray.
5. omnidirectional antenna according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the width of first radiation<The third spoke
The width of ray<The width of the parasitic radiation line<The width of second radiation；
The length of second radiation<The length of first radiation<The length of the third radiation<The parasitism spoke
The length of ray.
6. omnidirectional antenna according to claim 3, which is characterized in that four top layer L shape patch in each antenna element
Piece and four sub- patches of bottom L shape are symmetrical arranged about the centre normal of the antenna element.
7. omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1-6, which is characterized in that the center of the pcb board and described connect
The center on floor opens up circular hole；Each Supporting Media is hollow cylindrical structure；The feed line of each antenna element
It is arranged in cylindrical structure hollow below the antenna element, and the circular hole for passing through the earth plate connects with corresponding switch
It connects.
8. omnidirectional antenna according to claim 1-6, which is characterized in that at least two gating circuit is
Single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT)；The feed circuit further includes：One variable connector；Wherein, two of each single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) it is motionless
End is connected with a non-moving end of an output end of the power splitter and the variable connector respectively, and the power divides electricity equally
The input terminal on road is connected with a non-moving end of the variable connector.
9. a kind of angle of radiation switching method is suitable for the described in any item omnidirectional antennas of claim 1-8, which is characterized in that
The method includes：
Determine the signal covering demand on vertical plane；
According to the mapping relations between antenna element combination and directivity angle, the target day for meeting the signal covering demand is determined
Linear array sub-portfolio；
The gating circuit conducting of the antenna element connection in combining with described target antenna a period of time is controlled in the feed circuit, with
It controls target antenna a period of time combination and generates corresponding directivity angle on the vertical plane.
10. according to the method described in claim 9, it is characterized in that, when at least two antenna element quantity be 2,
The variable connector is single-pole three-throw switch, when the power splitter is two power splitter, in the control feed circuit with institute
The conducting for stating the gating circuit of the antenna element connection in the combination of target antenna a period of time, in the combination of described target antenna a period of time
Antenna element feed, including：
When the first sub switch of the first sub switch and the first single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) that gate the single-pole three-throw switch, the feedback
Circuit is fed to first antenna a period of time, to generate the first directivity angle on the vertical plane；
When gating the second sub switch of the single-pole three-throw switch, the second sub switch of first single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) and the
When the first sub switch of two single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT)s, the feed circuit is presented to described first antenna a period of time and the second antenna element
Electricity, to generate the second directivity angle on the vertical plane；
When the second sub switch of the third sub switch and second single-pole double-throw switch (SPDT) that gate the single-pole three-throw switch, institute
It states feed circuit to feed to second antenna element, to generate third directivity angle on the vertical plane.
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