CN108830799A - Polarization SAR image speckle suppression method based on opposite polarisation total variation - Google Patents
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Abstract
The polarization SAR image speckle suppression method based on opposite polarisation total variation that the present invention relates to a kind of, the elements in a main diagonal and off diagonal element are separated by the polarization coherence matrix to polarization SAR image, application widget convolution part total variation and global total variation update the elements in a main diagonal, by former off diagonal element and updated the elements in a main diagonal reconstruct polarization coherence matrix, polarization coherence matrix distance using the polarization coherence matrix ratio in adjacent picture elements and before and after updating, obtains the pixel position that must retain polarization characteristic.The present invention only carries out Speckle reduction to the elements in a main diagonal for the polarization coherence matrix for being not belonging to above-mentioned pixel position, it solves the problems, such as well combine both the structural information of polarization SAR image and scattering properties in existing polarization SAR Speckle reduction and carries out Speckle reduction, so that the Speckle reduction of polarization SAR is all maintained in structural information and two aspect of scattering properties.
Description
Technical field
The polarization SAR image speckle suppression method based on opposite polarisation total variation that the present invention relates to a kind of, belongs to full pole
Change SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar, synthetic aperture radar) remote sensing technology field.
Background technique
Polarization SAR is a kind of for measuring the imaging radar of radiation signal polarization characteristic, can obtain different polarized states
Under target scattering feature.Therefore, polarization SAR is widely used in the fields such as agricultural investigation, forestry research and geological prospecting.So
And since polarization SAR has the coherent speckle noise being largely in granular form, cause image interpretation unobvious, or even seriously affect
The application of image.Therefore, Speckle reduction is carried out to polarization SAR image to have great importance.
Polarization SAR image speckle suppression method is broadly divided into three classes at present:The first kind is based on adaptive coherent spot
Inhibit, the second class is the Speckle reduction based on non-local mean method, and third class is the coherent spot suppression based on total variation method
System.
It is based primarily upon Minimum Mean Square Error error based on adaptive speckle suppression method, by adjusting template window drawn game
The method of portion's statistical value reduces coherent spot, such as Lee filtering, Kuan filtering, Frost filtering.In order to preferably retain edge details,
The method that many sides are inhibited based on adaptive coherent spot is proposed in succession.Have and proposes within researcher 2014 a kind of adaptive enhancing
Lee filtering method promotes phase by increasing by one group of uniform window and one group of linear direction window and adaptively adjusting window size
Dry spot inhibitory effect.However, based on adaptive speckle suppression method needing that more ginseng is arranged for window adaptation mechanism
Number causes calculating process time-consuming, and operational efficiency is low.
Speckle suppression method based on non-local mean is weighted average filtering method, is mainly made using image similar block
For the weighting weight of filtering, to retain structure feature.This method has received the extensive pass of numerous researchers since proposition
Note.Have propose non local weighted least mean square difference filtering method within researcher 2015, theoretical using non-local mean obtains most
The weight of pixel samples in small mean square deviation method.However, such methods can generally make the edge and details letter of image in denoising
Breath blurring, and operand is larger.
In speckle suppression method based on total variation method, regular terms is substantially a kind of local filter, regularization
State modulator the inhibition level of noise.Have propose within researcher 2014 it is a kind of based on the non-convex of spatially adaptive regularization parameter
Regular terms total variation speckle suppression method is utilized using adaptive regularization state modulator different zones noise suppressed degree
Non-convex regular terms keeps image edge and texture detail information.Have propose a kind of coherent spot based on total variation within researcher 2017
Suppressing method converts additive noise for the multiplicative noise of SAR by logarithmic transformation, then applies total variation Speckle reduction.
However, coherent spot affects the correlation of each POLARIZATION CHANNEL and interchannel, and target scattering is special in polarization SAR image
Sign is contained in covariance matrix or polarization coherence matrix.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to:In view of the defects existing in the prior art, it proposes a kind of based on opposite polarisation total variation
Polarization SAR image speckle suppression method, iteration remain larger than the coherence matrix that polarizes in the pixel of a preceding Wishart distance,
The leading diagonal member for the coherence matrix that polarizes in the pixel for being less than a preceding Wishart distance is updated using opposite total variation method
Element realizes polarization SAR image Speckle reduction, while can retain polarization characteristic and architectural characteristic.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme is that:The phase of opposite polarisation total variation is carried out to polarization SAR image
Dry spot inhibits, and includes the following steps:
Step 1, Speckle reduction is carried out to polarization SAR image, the polarization coherence matrix of polarization SAR data is divided
From being divided into the elements in a main diagonal and off diagonal element two parts;
Step 1.1, the polarization phase for obtaining polarization SAR data is read from polarization SAR data using polarization SAR processing software
Dry matrix;
Step 1.2, polarization coherence matrix T is expressed as:
Wherein, SHHIndicate H to transmitting and H to received echo data, SHVIndicate H to transmitting and V to received number of echoes
According to SVVV is indicated to transmitting and V to received echo data, * indicates complex conjugate transposition,With 2 | SHV
|2Respectively indicate T11, T22 and the T33 of polarization coherence matrix T;
Step 1.3, polarization coherence matrix T is separated into 3 the elements in a main diagonal and 6 off diagonal elements.
Step 2, Speckle reduction is carried out for the elements in a main diagonal, application widget convolution total variation and whole picture image become entirely
Difference updates the elements in a main diagonal;
Step 2.1, the elements in a main diagonal is calculated in first derivative L both horizontally and verticallyxAnd Ly, calculate weight
Step 2.2, it calculates the elements in a main diagonal and two secondary volumes is carried out with Gassian low-pass filter with the window of [1, round (5 σ)]
Product operation, enables σ=0.5, is acquired on both horizontally and vertically respectively to the elements in a main diagonal obtained after convolution algorithm and seek single order
Derivative DxAnd Dy, calculate separately weightWithTo obtain the weight W on both horizontally and verticallyx
=W1·W2,xAnd Wy=W1·W2,y;
Step 2.3, the initial minimum of the elements in a main diagonal is calculatedWithMinimizing equation is
Wherein, u represents T3Former the elements in a main diagonal;It is the gradient of u, λ is Lagrange multiplier, optimal value
0.002;
It results in updatedThe elements in a main diagonalWithDxAnd DyIt is water in window respectively
The total variation of flat vertical direction, LxAnd LyTotal variation both horizontally and vertically respectively.
Step 3, reconstruct polarization coherence matrix, by calculating the matrix ratio R atio between obtaining adjacent picture elementsi,jAnd update
The polarization coherence matrix distance D of front and back(k), calculate the ranks number for retaining polarization characteristic:
FoundationWithObtain line number I=I1I I2(i1∈I1,i2∈I2) and row number J=J1I
J2(j1∈J1,j2∈J2);
Step 3.1, updated the elements in a main diagonal and off diagonal element the reconstruct polarization phase obtained in step 2 is utilized
Dry matrix T;
Step 3.2, the matrix ratio R atio between adjacent picture elements is calculatedi,j:
Wherein, T3',xAnd T3',yBe respectively both horizontally and vertically on first derivative, conj () expression seek matrix
Complex conjugate transposition;
Step 3.3, the polarization coherence matrix distance D for updating front and back is calculated(k):
D(k)=log | T3 (k)|+trace(inv(T3 (k))·T3 (k-1))(k≥1)
Wherein, inv () indicates that finding the inverse matrix, trace () indicate to seek the mark of matrix, | | expression asks matrix to correspond to row
The value of column, k indicate the number of iterations;
Step 3.4, satisfaction is soughtWithLine number I=I1 I I2(i1∈I1,i2∈I2) and column
Number J=J1 I J2(j1∈J1,j2∈J2)。
Step 4, the opposite total variation of updated the elements in a main diagonal is calculated;
Step 4.1, the elements in a main diagonal for being not involved in update is obtained:T (m, m, i, j)=0 (m ∈ { 1,2,3 });
Step 4.2, the elements in a main diagonal for participating in updating is calculated with respect to total variation, solves the elements in a main diagonal
With
Step 4.3, according to update front and backWithPolarization range formula is calculated, formula is as follows:
D(k)=log | T3 (k)|+trace(inv(T3 (k))·T3 (k-1))(k>0)
Wherein, inv () indicates that finding the inverse matrix, trace () indicate to seek the mark of matrix, and k indicates the number of iterations.
Step 4.4, foundationWithThe pixel line number I=I for being not involved in update obtained1 I I2
(i1∈I1,i2∈I2) and row number J=J1 I J2(j1∈J1,j2∈J2)
The invention adopts the above technical scheme compared with prior art, has the following technical effects:
A) present invention passes through separation the elements in a main diagonal and non-during the Speckle reduction of polarization SAR coherence matrix T
Diagonal entry obtains the pixel position for not participating in update by polarization coherence matrix ratio and polarization coherence distance variation,
The polarization characteristic of polarization SAR image is thus maintained very well.
B) present invention is during the Speckle reduction of polarization SAR coherence matrix T, due to combining opposite total variation mould
Type only solves the elements in a main diagonal and minimizes equation, thus remains the texture and structural characteristic of polarization SAR image.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is flow diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is existing polarization raw-data map.
Fig. 3 is the result comparison schematic diagram of the present invention with other speckle suppression methods;
Wherein (a) is original polarization SAR image, is (b) Boxcar filtering Speckle reduction as a result, (c) Refined Lee
Speckle reduction result is filtered, is (d) Speckle reduction result of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
A kind of polarization SAR image speckle suppression method based on opposite polarisation total variation is present embodiments provided, is flowed
Journey is as shown in Figure 1, specific implementation process is as follows:
(1) the elements in a main diagonal is carried out to the polarization coherence matrix T of polarization SAR data and off diagonal element separates.
1a) using polarization SAR processing software PolSARpro_v5.1.2 from polarization SAR data, reads and obtain polarization SAR
The polarization coherence matrix of data;
1b) polarization coherence matrix T is expressed as:
Wherein, SHHIndicate H to transmitting and H to received echo data, SHVIndicate H to transmitting and V to received number of echoes
According to SVVV is indicated to transmitting and V to received echo data, * indicates complex conjugate transposition,With 2 | SHV
|2Respectively indicate T11, T22 and the T33 of polarization coherence matrix T;
Polarization coherence matrix T 1c) is separated into 3 the elements in a main diagonal and 6 off diagonal elements;
(2) initial minimum of initial distance value and the elements in a main diagonal is calculated;
2a) calculate initial distance value:
D(0)=log | T3 (0)|+trace(inv(T3 (0))·T3 (0))
The elements in a main diagonal 2b) is calculated in first derivative L both horizontally and verticallyxAnd Ly, calculate weight
It 2c) calculates the elements in a main diagonal and secondary convolution fortune is carried out with Gassian low-pass filter with the window of [1, round (5 σ)]
It calculates, enables σ=0.5, the elements in a main diagonal obtained after convolution algorithm is acquired respectively on both horizontally and vertically and seeks first derivative
DxAnd Dy, calculate separately weightWithTo obtain the weight W on both horizontally and verticallyx=
W1·W2,xAnd Wy=W1·W2,y;
2d) calculate the initial minimum of the elements in a main diagonalWithMinimizing equation is
Wherein, u represents T3Former the elements in a main diagonal;It is the gradient of u, λ is Lagrange multiplier, optimal value
0.002.This method has obtained updatedThe elements in a main diagonalWithDxAnd DyIt is horizontal in window respectively
The total variation of vertical direction, LxAnd LyTotal variation both horizontally and vertically respectively;
(3) updated polarization coherence matrix T is obtained, the ranks number for retaining polarization characteristic are calculated.
3a) by updated the elements in a main diagonal and off diagonal element reconstruct polarization coherence matrix T;
3b) calculate the matrix ratio R atio between adjacent picture elementsi,jWith the standard deviation △ of normalization Ratio':
Wherein, T3',xAnd T3',yBe respectively both horizontally and vertically on first derivative, conj () expression seek matrix
Complex conjugate transposition;
3c) calculate the polarization coherence matrix distance D for updating front and back(k):
D(k)=log | T3 (k)|+trace(inv(T3 (k))·T3 (k-1))(k≥1)
Wherein, inv () indicates that finding the inverse matrix, trace () indicate to seek the mark of matrix, | | expression asks matrix to correspond to row
The value of column, k indicate the number of iterations;
3d) seek satisfactionWithLine number I=I1 I I2(i1∈I1,i2∈I2) and row number J=
J1 I J2(j1∈J1,j2∈J2);
(4) method based on opposite total variation solves the elements in a main diagonalWith
(5) according to update front and backWithCalculate polarization coherence matrix distance D(k)Matrix between adjacent picture elements
Ratio R atioi,j, calculate and meetWithPixel to be updated line number and row number.
(6) iteration executes (3)~(5) step, iterated conditional △≤0.01.
(7) iteration executes the step of (2)~(5), the number of iterations k≤4.
(8) the polarization coherence matrix distance using the polarization coherence matrix ratio in adjacent picture elements and before and after updating, obtains
The pixel position of polarization characteristic must be retained, and retain required element, output polarization SAR image.
Polarization SAR image speckle suppression method provided by the invention based on opposite polarisation total variation, not only shortens
Elapsed time remains the polarization characteristic and structure feature of polarization SAR image while inhibiting coherent spot.Its effect can lead to
Following experiment simulation is crossed to further illustrate.
1. experiment condition
(1) experiment simulation environment is:MATLAB 2014b, Intel (R) Core (TM) i7-2640M CPU 2.80GHz;
(2) test data of experiment is as shown in Figure 1, be that the airborne AIRSAR in the polarization SAR data source U.S. is acquired
The area SanFrancisco L-band surveys full-polarization SAR data.
2. experiment content and result
With existing Boxcar filtering and Refined Lee filtering method and the method for the present invention to data shown in Fig. 3 (a) into
Row experiment, experimental result are as shown in Figure 3, wherein Fig. 3 (b) is Boxcar filtering Speckle reduction as a result, Fig. 3 (c) is
Refined Lee filters Speckle reduction result, and Fig. 3 (c) is Speckle reduction result of the present invention.Compared to Boxcar filtering and
Refined Lee filtering, the present invention is obvious in heterogeneous region Speckle reduction effect, remains structure feature information.
3. experimental result is evaluated
In order to objectively evaluate the present invention, coherent spot is evaluated by equivalent number (ENL) and structural similarity index (SSIM)
Inhibitory effect objectively proves that effect of the invention is best, as shown in table 1.
1 ENL and SSIM evaluation result of table
The foregoing is merely better embodiment of the invention, protection scope of the present invention is not with above embodiment
Limit, as long as those of ordinary skill in the art's equivalent modification or variation made by disclosure according to the present invention, should all be included in power
In the protection scope recorded in sharp claim.
Claims (6)
1. the polarization SAR image speckle suppression method based on opposite polarisation total variation, it is characterised in that:To polarization SAR image
The Speckle reduction for carrying out opposite polarisation total variation, includes the following steps:
Step 1, Speckle reduction is carried out to polarization SAR image, the polarization coherence matrix of polarization SAR data is separated, point
For the elements in a main diagonal and off diagonal element two parts;
Step 2, Speckle reduction is carried out for the elements in a main diagonal, application widget convolution total variation and whole picture image total variation are more
New the elements in a main diagonal;
Step 3, reconstruct polarization coherence matrix, by calculating the matrix ratio R atio between obtaining adjacent picture elementsi,jBefore and after updating
Polarization coherence matrix distance D(k), calculate the ranks number for retaining polarization characteristic:
FoundationWithObtain line number I=I1I I2(i1∈I1,i2∈I2) and row number J=J1I J2(j1
∈J1,j2∈J2);
Step 4, the opposite total variation of updated the elements in a main diagonal is calculated.
2. the polarization SAR image speckle suppression method according to claim 1 based on opposite polarisation total variation, feature
It is:The step 1 includes the following steps:
Step 1.1, the relevant square of polarization for obtaining polarization SAR data is read from polarization SAR data using polarization SAR processing software
Battle array;
Step 1.2, polarization coherence matrix T is expressed as:
Wherein, SHHIndicate H to transmitting and H to received echo data, SHVIndicate H to transmitting and V to received echo data,
SVVV is indicated to transmitting and V to received echo data, * indicates complex conjugate transposition,With 2 | SHV|2Point
Biao Shi not polarize T11, T22 and the T33 of coherence matrix T;
Step 1.3, polarization coherence matrix T is separated into 3 the elements in a main diagonal and 6 off diagonal elements.
3. the polarization SAR image speckle suppression method according to claim 1 based on opposite polarisation total variation, feature
It is:The step 2 includes the following steps:
Step 2.1, the elements in a main diagonal is calculated in first derivative L both horizontally and verticallyxAnd Ly, calculate weight
Step 2.2, it calculates the elements in a main diagonal and secondary convolution fortune is carried out with Gassian low-pass filter with the window of [1, round (5 σ)]
It calculates, enables σ=0.5, the elements in a main diagonal obtained after convolution algorithm is acquired respectively on both horizontally and vertically and seeks first derivative
DxAnd Dy, calculate separately weightWithTo obtain the weight W on both horizontally and verticallyx=
W1·W2,xAnd Wy=W1·W2,y;
Step 2.3, the initial minimum of the elements in a main diagonal is calculatedWithMinimizing equation is
Wherein, u represents T3Former the elements in a main diagonal;It is the gradient of u, λ is Lagrange multiplier;
It results in updatedThe elements in a main diagonalWithDxAnd DyIt is horizontal vertical in window respectively
The total variation in direction, LxAnd LyTotal variation both horizontally and vertically respectively.
4. the polarization SAR image speckle suppression method according to claim 3 based on opposite polarisation total variation, feature
It is:In the step 2.3, λ is Lagrange multiplier, optimal value 0.002.
5. the polarization SAR image speckle suppression method according to claim 1 based on opposite polarisation total variation, feature
It is:The step 3 includes the following steps:
Step 3.1, the relevant square of updated the elements in a main diagonal and off diagonal element reconstruct polarization obtained in step 2 is utilized
Battle array T;
Step 3.2, the matrix ratio R atio between adjacent picture elements is calculatedi,j:
Wherein, T '3,xWith T '3,yBe respectively both horizontally and vertically on first derivative, conj () indicate ask matrix it is multiple be total to
Yoke transposition;
Step 3.3, the polarization coherence matrix distance D for updating front and back is calculated(k):
Wherein, inv () indicates that finding the inverse matrix, trace () indicate to seek the mark of matrix, | | expression asks matrix to correspond to determinant
Value, k indicate the number of iterations;
Step 3.4, satisfaction is soughtWithLine number I=I1I I2(i1∈I1,i2∈I2) and row number J=
J1I J2(j1∈J1,j2∈J2)。
6. the polarization SAR image speckle suppression method according to claim 1 based on opposite polarisation total variation, feature
It is:The step 4 includes the following steps:
Step 4.1, the elements in a main diagonal for being not involved in update is obtained:T (m, m, i, j)=0 (m ∈ { 1,2,3 });
Step 4.2, the elements in a main diagonal for participating in updating is calculated with respect to total variation, solves the elements in a main diagonal With
Step 4.3, according to update front and backWithPolarization range formula is calculated, formula is as follows:
Wherein, inv () indicates that finding the inverse matrix, trace () indicate to seek the mark of matrix, and k indicates the number of iterations.
Step 4.4, foundationWithThe pixel line number I=I for being not involved in update obtained1I I2(i1∈I1,
i2∈I2) and row number J=J1I J2(j1∈J1,j2∈J2)。
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CN112990166A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-06-18 | 北京远鉴信息技术有限公司 | Face authenticity identification method and device and electronic equipment |
CN112990166B (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-08-24 | 北京远鉴信息技术有限公司 | Face authenticity identification method and device and electronic equipment |
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