CN108827832B - Metal contact surface energy detection method and device based on liquid drop seepage characteristics - Google Patents
Metal contact surface energy detection method and device based on liquid drop seepage characteristics Download PDFInfo
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- CN108827832B CN108827832B CN201810420692.3A CN201810420692A CN108827832B CN 108827832 B CN108827832 B CN 108827832B CN 201810420692 A CN201810420692 A CN 201810420692A CN 108827832 B CN108827832 B CN 108827832B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for detecting the energy of a metal contact surface based on the seepage characteristic of liquid drops. There have been no methods and devices for detecting the energy between metal contact surfaces by using the seepage characteristics of liquid droplets. The method comprises the following steps: pressing the metal block to be detected and the rectangular glass brick; dropping the detection liquid of the liquid drop injector into the surface microstructure groove of the detected metal block; shooting by a high-speed micro camera in real time, and carrying out frame-by-frame comparison analysis on the seepage image to obtain the seepage form in the liquid drop seepage process; the instantaneous speed of the seepage of the liquid drops is obtained by comparing the time of the interval between two adjacent frames with the seepage distance of the liquid drops, and the seepage depth of the liquid drops is obtained by comparing the initial position and the final position of the liquid drops; and (4) carrying out energy evaluation on the contact surface of the metal block to be tested. The invention analyzes the seepage characteristics of the liquid drop under different conditions by adopting different surface microstructure grooves, and evaluates the energy of the metal contact surface by analyzing the seepage characteristics of the liquid drop between the metal contact surfaces.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal contact surface energy detection, and particularly relates to a metal contact surface energy detection method and device based on liquid drop seepage characteristics.
Background
The energy detection of the metal contact surface has important research significance in many fields such as machining, water conservancy, civil engineering and the like. For example, in the broaching process, in order to reduce the broaching load and improve the broaching precision, some cutting fluid or cooling fluid is often used in the broaching process, and the fluid seeps in a slit formed by a broaching tool and chips, and the seepage characteristic is often directly related to the energy difference between metal contact surfaces. Therefore, the method and the device for detecting the surface energy of the metal contact surface by using the liquid drop seepage characteristic are of great significance for deeply knowing the liquid drop micro-nano slit seepage characteristic and developing a method and a device which are simple to operate, practical and reliable.
At present, the technical research of metal contact surface energy detection based on the liquid drop seepage characteristic is less, and no method and device for detecting the energy between metal contact surfaces by using the liquid drop seepage characteristic are found. For example, an invention patent with application patent number CN201710060599 discloses a method and a device for monitoring liquid drop seepage characteristics of a cross-scale movement slit. The device comprises a slit form adjusting module, a micro-feeding module and a detection monitoring module. The method is mainly used for researching seepage characteristics of liquid in media with different slit widths, the slit shape and the gap between a sample to be detected and a standard glass brick are set through adjusting bolts on the standard glass brick, and the flow state of liquid drops in a slit with relative motion is monitored by using a high-precision slide rail and a high-speed camera. However, the slit pattern in this patent is limited to a regular wedge shape, and in practice the slit pattern is varied, and the patent does not allow for a comparative analysis of the seepage characteristics between the various slit patterns. In addition, the patent can only be used for simply researching the seepage characteristics, can not realize the energy detection of the metal contact surface, and has low efficiency and low practicability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a device for automatically detecting and analyzing the seepage characteristics of a plurality of liquid drops to a metal contact surface with a surface microstructure groove, which can realize high-speed real-time sampling and analysis, aiming at the situation that no better method and a device for detecting the energy of the metal contact surface by utilizing the seepage characteristics of the liquid drops exist at present. The method is a method for evaluating the energy of a metal contact surface by utilizing the seepage characteristic of liquid drops; the method is a high-speed camera detection method capable of realizing the seepage characteristic of liquid drops to a metal contact surface with a surface microstructure groove; the method is a method for simultaneously comparing, detecting and analyzing the seepage and flow characteristics of various liquid drops; the method and the device are a method and a device for generating liquid drops of a micron-sized precision servo-driven multi-needle tube; the method and the device for detecting the seepage characteristic of the liquid drop can be used for arranging micro-structural grooves (circular, triangular, rectangular, hexagonal and other grooves) of the metal contact surface; the method and the device can automatically detect and analyze the characteristics of the seepage form, the speed, the depth and the like of the liquid drops.
The invention relates to a metal contact surface energy detection method based on the seepage characteristic of liquid drops, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, flatly placing a measured metal block with a surface micro-structure groove on each lower clamping platform of a micro-nano slit clamping mechanism, flatly placing a rectangular glass brick on the measured metal block, using a torque wrench to tighten each tightening bolt of the micro-nano slit clamping mechanism, tightly pressing the measured metal block and the rectangular glass brick, and enabling the tightening torque of the torque wrench to be the same for each tightening bolt so that the measured metal block and the rectangular glass brick are in a horizontal clamping state.
Adjusting the initial position of the liquid drop generating mechanism to enable the needle head of the liquid drop injector to reach the position right above the liquid drop input end of the rectangular glass brick; the length direction of the rectangular glass brick is the direction from liquid drop input to liquid drop output, and the length of the rectangular glass brick is smaller than that of the metal block to be detected; adding detection liquid with the density rho into each liquid drop injector, pushing a piston rod of each liquid drop injector by using the servo conveying sliding table, and dripping the detection liquid of the liquid drop injector into a surface microstructure groove of a detected metal block by setting the feeding amount s of the servo conveying sliding table each time.
Thirdly, shooting and recording the seepage process of the liquid drop in the surface microstructure of the metal block to be detected in real time through a high-speed micro-camera, extracting the seepage image recorded in the high-speed micro-camera by a video image processing host after the seepage is finished, and carrying out frame-by-frame comparison analysis on the seepage image to obtain the seepage form in the seepage process of the liquid drop; the instantaneous speed v of the seepage of the liquid drop is obtained by comparing the time t between two adjacent frames and the seepage distance L of the liquid drop, and the seepage depth L of the liquid drop is obtained by comparing the initial position and the final position of the liquid drop.
And step four, utilizing the instantaneous velocity v and the depth L of the seepage flow of the liquid drop in the microstructure groove on the surface of the measured metal block measured in the step three to evaluate the energy of the contact surface of the measured metal block. The evaluation method comprises the following steps: according to the relationship between speed and energy
And converting the relation between the instantaneous speed and the energy into a surface energy evaluation formula of the measured metal block, wherein the surface energy evaluation formula comprises the following steps:
wherein E is the energy of the contact surface of the metal block to be measured, m is the mass of the liquid participating in the percolation, V is the average velocity, d is the inner diameter of the injection cylinder of the droplet injector, and T is the time taken for the percolation to complete.
The surface micro-structural grooves of the metal block to be measured are circular through grooves, triangular through grooves, rectangular through grooves, hexagonal through grooves or vein-shaped through grooves, the areas of the various surface micro-structural grooves are the same, the depths of the surface micro-structural grooves are the same, and the lengths of the surface micro-structural grooves are the same. The shapes of all the surface microstructure grooves formed on the surface of the metal block to be detected are completely the same or different. The circular through groove comprises a plurality of circular grooves, openings at the tail parts of the other circular grooves except the last circular groove are communicated with an opening at the head part of the next circular groove, and the tail part of the last circular groove is arranged in a closed manner; the triangular through groove comprises a plurality of triangular grooves, the openings at the tail parts of the triangular grooves except the last triangular groove are communicated with the opening at the head part of the next triangular groove, and the tail part of the last triangular groove is arranged in a closed manner; the rectangular through groove comprises a plurality of rectangular grooves, openings at the tail parts of the other rectangular grooves except the last rectangular groove are communicated with an opening at the head part of the next rectangular groove, and the tail part of the last rectangular groove is closed; the hexagonal through groove comprises a plurality of hexagonal grooves, the tail openings of the hexagonal grooves except the last hexagonal groove are communicated with the head opening of the next hexagonal groove, and the tail of the last hexagonal groove is closed; the vein-shaped through groove comprises a main groove and a branch groove; the plurality of the equal parts are divided into two groups and arranged on two sides of the trunk groove; the branch groove consists of a branch groove and a branch groove; in the branch grooves, a plurality of branch grooves are divided into two groups and arranged on two sides of the branch grooves, and the root parts of the branch grooves are communicated with the branch grooves; the root of the branch groove is communicated with the main groove; the main trunk groove, the branch trunk grooves and the branch grooves are all triangular.
The triangular groove of the triangular through groove is an equilateral triangle with the side length of 1-2 mm; the hexagonal groove of the hexagonal through groove is a regular hexagon with the side length of 1-2 mm; in the vein-shaped through grooves, the appearance of each branch groove is reduced in proportion to the vein-shaped through grooves, and the area of each branch groove is gradually reduced from the root part of the main groove to the tip part.
The invention relates to a metal contact surface energy detection device based on liquid drop seepage characteristics, which comprises a micro-nano slit clamping mechanism, a liquid drop generating mechanism, a monitoring mechanism and a rectangular glass brick. The micro-nano slit clamping mechanism comprises a semicircular mounting base plate and four clamping components; the clamping assembly comprises a clamp frame, a lower clamping platform and a tightening bolt; the top surface of the clamp frame is parallel to the end surface of the semicircular mounting bottom plate; the lower clamping platform penetrates through a round hole in the bottom of the clamp frame and is fixedly connected with the semicircular mounting base plate through threads; the tightening bolt is in threaded connection with a threaded hole formed in the top surface of the clamp frame, and the tightening bolt and the lower clamping platform are coaxially arranged; the tightening bolt and the lower clamping platform are used for clamping the metal block to be tested and the rectangular glass brick together; the lower clamping platforms of the four clamping assemblies are arranged in an array.
The liquid drop generating mechanism consists of an installation aluminum profile, a sliding table installation bottom plate, a sliding block connecting plate, a U-shaped installation block, a servo conveying sliding table, an injector propelling seat, a spring, a liquid drop injector and an injector fixing support. U type installation piece is all fixed at four angles of slip table mounting plate, and four U type installation pieces are fastened through fastening bolt and nut respectively with four installation aluminium alloy. The base of the servo conveying sliding table is fixed on the sliding table mounting base plate, the injector propelling seat is fixed on a sliding block of the servo conveying sliding table through a sliding block connecting plate, and the sliding block and a screw rod of the servo conveying sliding table form a screw pair; the screw rod is driven by a servo motor of the servo conveying sliding table; k U-shaped grooves which are distributed at equal intervals are formed in the injector pushing sliding seat, and k is more than or equal to 3; the piston rods of the k liquid drop injectors are respectively embedded into the corresponding U-shaped grooves and are fixed with the injector propulsion seat through fastening bolts. A piston rod of the liquid drop injector is sleeved with a spring; an injection tube of the liquid drop injector is fixed on the injector fixing bracket; the injector fixing bracket is fixed on the sliding table mounting bottom plate.
The monitoring mechanism comprises a high-speed micro-camera and an adjustable bracket; the adjustable support comprises a vertical rod, a cross rod, a first adjusting block, a transfer block and a second adjusting block; the first adjusting block, the vertical rod and the transverse rod form a sliding pair and are connected with the vertical rod and the transverse rod through fastening bolts; the transfer block is fixed at the end part of the cross rod and is hinged with the second adjusting block, and the axis of the hinged shaft is horizontally arranged. The high-speed micro-camera is fixed on the second adjusting block.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method adopts different surface microstructure grooves to compare and analyze the seepage characteristics of the liquid drops under different conditions; the monitoring of the liquid drop seepage characteristic between metal contact surfaces with surface microstructure grooves is realized by utilizing a servo conveying sliding table and a high-speed micro camera; the research efficiency and reliability are improved by adopting a plurality of injectors to simultaneously control the dropping of liquid drops; in the implementation, different microstructure groove appearances can be formed on the same measured metal block, and the seepage characteristics of the liquid made of the same material in different microstructure grooves are compared; micro-structural grooves with the same shape can also be formed, and the seepage characteristics of liquids with different materials in the micro-structural grooves with the same shape are compared; in the same implementation, metal blocks of different materials can be adopted to compare the seepage characteristics of the same material liquid in different microstructure grooves on the surface of the same material liquid, or compare the seepage characteristics of different material liquids in the microstructure grooves of the same shape. The energy of the metal contact surface is evaluated by analyzing the seepage characteristic of the liquid drop between the metal contact surfaces, the principle is simple and easy to understand, and the practicability is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a metal contact surface energy detection device based on droplet seepage characteristics according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a micro-nano slit clamping mechanism in the metal contact surface energy detection device based on the liquid drop seepage characteristic.
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a droplet generation mechanism in the metal contact surface energy detection device based on the droplet seepage characteristics of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a monitoring mechanism in the metal contact surface energy detection device based on the seepage characteristics of liquid droplets according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a triangular through groove on the surface of a metal to be measured.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a hexagonal through groove in a metal surface to be measured.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a vein-shaped through groove on the surface of a metal to be measured.
Description of reference numerals:
1-micro-nano slit clamping mechanism, 2-liquid drop generating mechanism, 3-monitoring mechanism, 4-rectangular glass brick, 5-measured metal block, 6-video image processing host, 1-1-semicircular mounting base plate, 1-2-clamp frame, 1-3-lower clamping platform, 1-4-tightening bolt, 2-1-mounting aluminum profile, 2-2-sliding table mounting base plate, 2-3-sliding block connecting plate, 2-4-U-shaped mounting block, 2-5-servo conveying sliding table, 2-6-injector propulsion seat, 2-7-spring, 2-8-liquid drop injector, 2-9-injector fixing support, 3-1-high-speed micro-camera, 3-monitoring mechanism, 3-micro-camera, and camera, 3-2-adjustable support.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the metal contact surface energy detection method based on the liquid drop seepage characteristic comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, a metal block 5 to be measured with a surface micro-structure groove is horizontally placed on each lower clamping platform 1-3 of the micro-nano slit clamping mechanism 1, a rectangular glass brick 4 is horizontally placed on the metal block 5 to be measured, each tightening bolt 1-4 of the micro-nano slit clamping mechanism 1 is tightened by a torque wrench, the metal block 5 to be measured and the rectangular glass brick 4 are tightly pressed, the tightening torques of the torque wrench on each tightening bolt 1-4 are the same, and the metal block 5 to be measured and the rectangular glass brick 4 are in a horizontal clamping state.
The surface microstructure groove of the metal block 5 to be measured is a circular through groove, a triangular through groove, a rectangular through groove, a hexagonal through groove or a vein-shaped through groove. The shapes of the microstructure grooves formed on the surface of the metal block to be detected can be the same or different according to actual conditions. The circular through groove comprises a plurality of circular grooves, openings at the tail parts of the other circular grooves except the last circular groove are communicated with an opening at the head part of the next circular groove, and the tail part of the last circular groove is arranged in a closed manner; as shown in fig. 5, the triangular through groove comprises a plurality of triangular grooves, the openings at the tail parts of the triangular grooves except the last triangular groove are communicated with the opening at the head part of the next triangular groove, and the tail part of the last triangular groove is arranged in a closed manner; the rectangular through groove comprises a plurality of rectangular grooves, the openings at the tail parts of the other rectangular grooves except the last rectangular groove are communicated with the opening at the head part of the next rectangular groove, and the tail part of the last rectangular groove is arranged in a closed manner; as shown in fig. 6, the hexagonal through groove comprises a plurality of hexagonal grooves, the tail openings of the hexagonal grooves except the last hexagonal groove are communicated with the head opening of the next hexagonal groove, and the tail of the last hexagonal groove is closed; as shown in fig. 7, the vein-shaped through grooves include a trunk groove and branch grooves; a plurality of (eight in the embodiment) are divided into two groups and arranged on two sides of the main trunk groove; the branch groove consists of a branch groove and a branch groove; among the branch grooves, a plurality of (six in the embodiment) branch grooves are uniformly divided into two groups and are arranged on two sides of the branch groove, and the root parts of the branch grooves are communicated with the branch groove; the root of the branch groove is communicated with the main groove; the main trunk groove, the branch trunk grooves and the branch grooves are all triangular.
Adjusting the initial position of the liquid drop generating mechanism 2 to enable the needle heads of the liquid drop injectors 2 to 8 to reach the position right above the liquid drop input end of the rectangular glass brick 4; the length direction of the rectangular glass brick 4 is the direction from liquid drop input to output, and the length of the rectangular glass brick 4 is smaller than that of the metal block 5 to be detected; the detection liquid with the density rho is added into each liquid drop injector 2-8 (the inner diameter of a syringe barrel of the liquid drop injector 2-8 is d), the piston rod of each liquid drop injector 2-8 is pushed by the servo conveying sliding table 2-5, and the detection liquid of the liquid drop injector 2-8 is dripped into the surface microstructure groove of the metal block 5 to be detected by setting the feeding amount s of each time of the servo conveying sliding table 2-5.
Thirdly, shooting and recording the seepage process of the liquid drop in the surface microstructure of the measured metal block 5 in real time through the high-speed micro-camera 3-1, after the seepage is finished, extracting the seepage image recorded in the high-speed micro-camera 3-1 by the video image processing host 6, and carrying out frame-by-frame comparison analysis on the seepage image to obtain the seepage form in the seepage process of the liquid drop; the instantaneous speed v of the seepage of the liquid drop is obtained by comparing the time t between two adjacent frames and the seepage distance L of the liquid drop, and the seepage depth L of the liquid drop is obtained by comparing the initial position and the final position of the liquid drop.
And step four, evaluating the energy of the contact surface of the metal block 5 to be detected by using the instantaneous velocity v and the depth L of the seepage flow of the liquid drop in the microstructure groove on the surface of the metal block 5 to be detected, which are measured in the step three. The evaluation method comprises the following steps: according to the sum of speedThe relationship of energy is
(where E is the energy (characterized by the average kinetic energy) possessed by the contact surface of the metal slug 5 under test, m is the mass of the liquid involved in the percolation, and V is the average velocity), the relation between the instantaneous velocity and the energy is converted into an evaluation formula of the surface energy of the metal slug 5 under test, as follows:
wherein T is the time for completion of percolation; the above formula shows that, the larger the average speed of penetration, the larger the energy in the microstructure of the contact surface of the measured metal block 5; the greater the penetration depth L, the greater the energy in the microstructure of the metal contact surface.
In the embodiment, a triangular through groove, a hexagonal through groove and a vein-shaped through groove are selected for carrying out a liquid drop seepage characteristic monitoring test, so that the areas of three surface microstructure grooves are the same, the arrangement depths are 0.5mm, and the arrangement lengths are the same, namely l1＝l2＝l310mm, so as to ensure that the liquid drops have the same variables except for the difference of the shapes of the microstructure grooves in the seepage process. The triangular groove of the triangular through groove is an equilateral triangle with the side length of 1-2 mm (1 mm in the embodiment); the hexagonal groove of the hexagonal through groove is a regular hexagon with the side length of 1-2 mm (1 mm in the embodiment); in the vein-shaped through grooves, the appearance of each branch groove is similar to that of the vein-shaped through groove, namely the branch grooves are reduced in proportion, and the area of each branch groove is gradually reduced from the root part of the main groove to the tip part; the droplets used were distilled water with a density of ρ 1.0 × 103kg/m3The inner diameter d of the injection tube of the droplet injector is 8mm, the feed amount of the servo conveying sliding table is 0.1mm, and the test results are shown in table 1, wherein the time from the initial position to the final position of the three types of surface microstructure grooves of the droplet with the same volume is respectively as follows: 0.85s in the triangular through-grooves, 0.76s in the hexagonal through-grooves, and 0.58s in the vein-shaped through-grooves.
TABLE 1
As shown in figure 1, the metal contact surface energy detection device based on the liquid drop seepage characteristic comprises a micro-nano slit clamping mechanism 1, a liquid drop generation mechanism 2, a monitoring mechanism 3 and a rectangular glass brick 4. The micro-nano slit clamping mechanism 1 is used for clamping a metal block 5 to be tested and a rectangular glass brick 4 to form a micro-nano slit; the liquid drop generating mechanism 2 is used for pushing the liquid drop injector 2-8 to inject liquid drops into a contact surface with a surface microstructure groove; the monitoring mechanism 3 is used for recording the seepage process of the liquid drop in the slit and analyzing the seepage characteristic of the liquid drop.
As shown in fig. 2, the micro-nano slit clamping mechanism 1 comprises a semicircular mounting base plate 1-1 and four clamping components; the clamping assembly comprises a clamp frame 1-2, a lower clamping platform 1-3 and a tightening bolt 1-4; the top surface of the clamp frame 1-2 is parallel to the end surface of the semicircular mounting bottom plate 1-1; the lower clamping platform 1-3 passes through a round hole at the bottom of the clamp frame 1-2 and is fixedly connected with the semicircular mounting base plate 1-1 through threads; the tightening bolts 1-4 are in threaded connection with threaded holes formed in the top surface of the clamp frame 1-2, and the tightening bolts 1-4 and the lower clamping platform 1-3 are coaxially arranged; the tightening bolts 1-4 and the lower clamping platforms 1-3 are used for clamping the metal block 5 to be tested and the rectangular glass brick 4 together; the lower clamping platforms 1-3 of the four clamping assemblies are arranged in an array. In order to enable the clamping pressure of each clamping point of the metal block 5 to be measured and the rectangular glass brick 4 to be the same, the four tightening bolts 1-4 are tightened by using a torque wrench, so that the four tightening bolts 1-4 are guaranteed to have the same pressing force, and the accuracy and the reliability are improved.
As shown in figure 3, the liquid drop generating mechanism 2 consists of an installation aluminum profile 2-1, a sliding table installation bottom plate 2-2, a sliding block connecting plate 2-3, a U-shaped installation block 2-4, a servo conveying sliding table 2-5, an injector propulsion seat 2-6, a spring 2-7, a liquid drop injector 2-8 and an injector fixing support 2-9. Four corners of the sliding table mounting base plate 2-2 are all fixed with U-shaped mounting blocks 2-4, and the four U-shaped mounting blocks 2-4 and four mounting aluminum profiles 2-1 are fastened through fastening bolts and nuts respectively; the angle and the height of the mounting bottom plate 2-2 of the sliding table can be adjusted by adjusting the mounting height of the U-shaped mounting block 2-4. The base of the servo conveying sliding table 2-5 is fixed on the sliding table mounting base plate 2-2, the injector propulsion seat 2-6 is fixed on the sliding block of the servo conveying sliding table 2-5 through the sliding block connecting plate 2-3, and the sliding block and the screw rod of the servo conveying sliding table 2-5 form a screw pair; the screw rod is driven by a servo motor of the servo conveying sliding table 2-5; the servo-feeding slide 2-5 is used to push the injector push seat 2-6 so that the liquid in the liquid drop injector 2-8 drops into the contact surface with the surface microstructure groove. Three U-shaped grooves which are arranged at equal intervals are formed on the injector pushing sliding seats 2-6; piston rods of the three liquid drop injectors 2-8 are respectively embedded into a U-shaped groove and are fixed with injector pushing seats 2-6 through fastening bolts. The piston rod of the liquid drop injector 2-8 is sleeved with a spring 2-7 to prevent the piston rod from bending due to insufficient strength in the propelling process, and the injection cylinder of the liquid drop injector 2-8 is fixed on an injector fixing support 2-9; the injector fixing bracket 2-9 is fixed on the slipway mounting bottom plate 2-2.
As shown in fig. 4, the monitoring mechanism 3 includes a high-speed micro-camera 3-1 and an adjustable stand 3-2; the adjustable support 3-2 comprises a vertical rod, a cross rod, a first adjusting block, a transfer block and a second adjusting block; the first adjusting block, the vertical rod and the transverse rod form a sliding pair and are connected with the vertical rod and the transverse rod through fastening bolts; the transfer block is fixed at the end part of the cross rod and is hinged with the second adjusting block, and the axis of the hinged shaft is horizontally arranged. The high-speed micro-camera 3-1 is fixed on the second adjusting block. The high-speed micro-camera 3-1 is arranged right above the slit with the surface microstructure by adjusting the height of the cross bar of the adjustable support 3-2 and the angle of the second adjusting block, so that focusing and shooting operations are completed.
Claims (4)
1. The metal contact surface energy detection method based on the liquid drop seepage characteristic is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, a measured metal block with a surface micro-structure groove is flatly placed on each lower clamping platform of a micro-nano slit clamping mechanism, a rectangular glass brick is flatly placed on the measured metal block, each tightening bolt of the micro-nano slit clamping mechanism is tightened by a torque wrench, the measured metal block and the rectangular glass brick are pressed tightly, the tightening torque of each tightening bolt by the torque wrench is the same, and the measured metal block and the rectangular glass brick are in a horizontal clamping state;
adjusting the initial position of the liquid drop generating mechanism to enable the needle head of the liquid drop injector to reach the position right above the liquid drop input end of the rectangular glass brick; the length direction of the rectangular glass brick is the direction from liquid drop input to liquid drop output, and the length of the rectangular glass brick is smaller than that of the metal block to be detected; adding detection liquid with the density of rho into each liquid drop injector, pushing a piston rod of each liquid drop injector by using a servo conveying sliding table, and dripping the detection liquid of the liquid drop injector into a surface microstructure groove of a detected metal block by setting the feeding amount s of the servo conveying sliding table each time;
thirdly, shooting and recording the seepage process of the liquid drop in the surface microstructure of the metal block to be detected in real time through a high-speed micro-camera, extracting the seepage image recorded in the high-speed micro-camera by a video image processing host after the seepage is finished, and carrying out frame-by-frame comparison analysis on the seepage image to obtain the seepage form in the seepage process of the liquid drop; the instantaneous velocity v of the seepage of the liquid drops is obtained by comparing the time t between two adjacent frames with the seepage distance L of the liquid drops, and the seepage depth L of the liquid drops is obtained by comparing the initial position and the final position of the liquid drops;
step four, the instantaneous velocity v and the depth L of the seepage flow of the liquid drop in the microstructure groove on the surface of the measured metal block, which are measured in the step three, are utilized to evaluate the energy of the contact surface of the measured metal block; the evaluation method comprises the following steps: according to the relationship between speed and energy
And converting the relation between the instantaneous speed and the energy into a surface energy evaluation formula of the measured metal block, wherein the surface energy evaluation formula comprises the following steps:
wherein E is the energy of the contact surface of the metal block to be measured, m is the mass of the liquid participating in the percolation, V is the average velocity, d is the inner diameter of the injection cylinder of the droplet injector, and T is the time taken for the percolation to complete.
2. The method for detecting the energy of the metal contact surface based on the seepage characteristic of the liquid drop according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the surface micro-structural grooves of the metal block to be measured are circular through grooves, triangular through grooves, rectangular through grooves, hexagonal through grooves or vein-shaped through grooves, the areas of the various surface micro-structural grooves are the same, the depths of the surface micro-structural grooves are the same, and the lengths of the surface micro-structural grooves are the same; the shapes of all the surface microstructure grooves formed on the surface of the metal block to be detected are completely the same or different; the circular through groove comprises a plurality of circular grooves, openings at the tail parts of the other circular grooves except the last circular groove are communicated with an opening at the head part of the next circular groove, and the tail part of the last circular groove is arranged in a closed manner; the triangular through groove comprises a plurality of triangular grooves, the openings at the tail parts of the triangular grooves except the last triangular groove are communicated with the opening at the head part of the next triangular groove, and the tail part of the last triangular groove is arranged in a closed manner; the rectangular through groove comprises a plurality of rectangular grooves, openings at the tail parts of the other rectangular grooves except the last rectangular groove are communicated with an opening at the head part of the next rectangular groove, and the tail part of the last rectangular groove is closed; the hexagonal through groove comprises a plurality of hexagonal grooves, the tail openings of the hexagonal grooves except the last hexagonal groove are communicated with the head opening of the next hexagonal groove, and the tail of the last hexagonal groove is closed; the vein-shaped through groove comprises a main groove and a branch groove; the plurality of the equal parts are divided into two groups and arranged on two sides of the trunk groove; the branch groove consists of a branch groove and a branch groove; in the branch grooves, a plurality of branch grooves are divided into two groups and arranged on two sides of the branch grooves, and the root parts of the branch grooves are communicated with the branch grooves; the root of the branch groove is communicated with the main groove; the main trunk groove, the branch trunk grooves and the branch grooves are all triangular.
3. The method for detecting the energy of the metal contact surface based on the seepage characteristic of the liquid drop according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the triangular groove of the triangular through groove is an equilateral triangle with the side length of 1-2 mm; the hexagonal groove of the hexagonal through groove is a regular hexagon with the side length of 1-2 mm; in the vein-shaped through grooves, the appearance of each branch groove is reduced in proportion to the vein-shaped through grooves, and the area of each branch groove is gradually reduced from the root part of the main groove to the tip part.
4. Metal contact surface energy detection device based on liquid drop seepage flow characteristic, including receiving slit clamping mechanism, liquid drop generation mechanism, monitoring mechanism and rectangle glass brick a little, its characterized in that: the micro-nano slit clamping mechanism comprises a semicircular mounting base plate and four clamping components; the clamping assembly comprises a clamp frame, a lower clamping platform and a tightening bolt; the top surface of the clamp frame is parallel to the end surface of the semicircular mounting bottom plate; the lower clamping platform penetrates through a round hole in the bottom of the clamp frame and is fixedly connected with the semicircular mounting base plate through threads; the tightening bolt is in threaded connection with a threaded hole formed in the top surface of the clamp frame, and the tightening bolt and the lower clamping platform are coaxially arranged; the tightening bolt and the lower clamping platform are used for clamping the metal block to be tested and the rectangular glass brick together; the lower clamping platforms of the four clamping assemblies are arranged in an array;
the liquid drop generating mechanism consists of an installation aluminum profile, a sliding table installation bottom plate, a sliding block connecting plate, a U-shaped installation block, a servo conveying sliding table, an injector propelling seat, a spring, a liquid drop injector and an injector fixing support; four corners of the sliding table mounting base plate are all fixed with U-shaped mounting blocks, and the four U-shaped mounting blocks and four mounting aluminum profiles are fastened through fastening bolts and nuts respectively; the base of the servo conveying sliding table is fixed on the sliding table mounting base plate, the injector propelling seat is fixed on a sliding block of the servo conveying sliding table through a sliding block connecting plate, and the sliding block and a screw rod of the servo conveying sliding table form a screw pair; the screw rod is driven by a servo motor of the servo conveying sliding table; k U-shaped grooves which are distributed at equal intervals are formed in the injector pushing sliding seat, and k is more than or equal to 3; piston rods of the k liquid drop injectors are respectively embedded into the corresponding U-shaped grooves and are fixed with injector pushing seats through fastening bolts; a piston rod of the liquid drop injector is sleeved with a spring; an injection tube of the liquid drop injector is fixed on the injector fixing bracket; the injector fixing bracket is fixed on the sliding table mounting bottom plate;
the monitoring mechanism comprises a high-speed micro-camera and an adjustable bracket; the adjustable support comprises a vertical rod, a cross rod, a first adjusting block, a transfer block and a second adjusting block; the first adjusting block, the vertical rod and the transverse rod form a sliding pair and are connected with the vertical rod and the transverse rod through fastening bolts; the transfer block is fixed at the end part of the cross rod and is hinged with the second adjusting block, and the axis of a hinged shaft of the transfer block and the second adjusting block is horizontally arranged; the high-speed micro-camera is fixed on the second adjusting block.
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