CN108824409A - Railway high precipitous rock slope micro seismic monitoring method and system - Google Patents
Railway high precipitous rock slope micro seismic monitoring method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Railway high precipitous rock slope micro seismic monitoring method and monitoring system are related to railway security monitoring field, and the method for the present invention includes following step：1) scene obtains slope rock mass rock sample, obtains rock strength, m, s value of elasticity modulus, rock by indoor three axis and uniaxial test；2) cohesive strength and internal friction angle of slope rock mass are obtained；3) side slope microseism is acquired and is calculated by sensor after occurring, and obtains positioning, the energy of microseism；4) Rock Damage variable and damage moduli are calculated；5) damage of the RMR of Research On Rockmass Quality Classification At Right Bank of Ahydro index within the scope of microseism focus is calculated：6) based on m, s value for being calculated rock mass within the scope of acquisition microseism by disturbance rock mass：7) side slope internal stress value is obtained based on side slope stress monitoring, and obtains the intensity mechanics parameter of microseism range rock mass by calculating.The present invention can be realized accurate measurements and assessment to high precipitous rock slope stability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to railway securities to monitor field, especially a kind of railway high precipitous rock slope micro seismic monitoring assessment system
And monitoring method.
Background technique
In recent years, with the fast development of railway, mountain railway faces a large amount of excavation high precipitous rock slope along the line, disturbed
Dynamic slopes stress constantly adjusts, internal to generate local elastic plastics characteristic concentration phenomenon, when energy concentration is to a certain critical value,
Cause the generation and expansion of microfissure inside high precipitous rock slope, forms microseism.When deformation reaches certain threshold value, will cause
Slope instability destroys the generation for leading to landslide disaster, seriously threatens railway construction and operation security.
Microseism phenomenon is to be found earliest by United States Bureau of Mines personnel L.Obert late 1930s, the subsequent U.S., South Africa
Carry out correlative study work with states' researcher's cameras such as Canada, undergoes years development, microseism phenomenon and its related monitoring point
Analysis technology moves towards engineering level from laboratory research level, and relevant device develops to electronic simulation system also from mechanical, then
To totally digitilized Microseismic monitoring system.The monitoring technology is stored up in mining, oil development, water conservancy and hydropower and nuke rubbish at present
Equal fields are deposited to be applied successfully.Research in terms of China carries out as micro seismic monitoring is started late, and engineer application is also less.Drawing
Into on the basis of external advanced Microseismic monitoring system, constantly brings forth new ideas and improve, carried out a large amount of fruitful grind in each field
Study carefully and apply work.Existing Microseismic monitoring system includes the microseismic sensors of installation and side slope to be measured, data collection station, transmission
Optical cable, field data integrated treatment host, wireless transport module, state event location and statistical analysis software.Data collection station is real-time
The microseismic signals of microseismic sensors acquisition are acquired, and after microseismic signals are converted into digital signal, are arrived by wired optical cable transmission
Field data integrated treatment host；Field data integrated treatment host compares received each channel micro seismic monitoring signal,
After analysis, data center server is transmitted it to；The waveform diagram of data center server real-time display monitoring signals confirms micro-
The generation of shake event.It can be realized by Microseismic monitoring system and remote, real-time, dynamic, automatic monitoring are carried out to microseismic signals, led to
It crosses calculating analysis and obtains the factors parameters such as hypocentral location, the origin time of earthquake and source level.
Mountain railway passes through the complex region of geological conditions, need to carry out the dispersion of side slope micro seismic monitoring point, have a very wide distribution,
And the more severe area of environment is set mostly, and scene lacks known interrogation information analysis personnel and extensive background
The equipment such as computer required for stress field calculation, therefore micro seismic monitoring data need to be sent in real time after calculating analysis center
End central server is handled.Data transfer mode currently used for remote monitoring system uses wired and wireless two kinds.Number
The monitoring system of small range zonule is only applicable to according to wire transmission mode, line upkeep amount is big, it is difficult to ensure that its transmission quality.
Wireless transmission mostly uses the wireless transmission method based on GPRS, realizes monitoring data remote high-precision, the transmission of undistorted data,
But it is limited by network signal and volume of transmitted data, the scope of application has limitation.
High precipitous rock slope excavation has broken internal stress balance, leads to slopes structure, ambient stress and rock mass mechanics
Parameter will all change, so that the Mechanism of Deformation And Failure of side slope has ambiguity.It is difficult to ensure that input ginseng in numerical value calculating
Several and boundary condition reliability, and then the stability status of side slope makes accurate evaluation.Therefore, " rock mass real-time parameter
Real-time calibration " and " selection of numerical model " have become " bottleneck " property for excavating high precipitous rock slope theory analysis and numerical simulation
Problem.
During railway Excavation of High And Steep Slopes is constructed and is runed, stability problem is particularly important.It therefore, is guarantor
Hinder railway slope excavate and operation during safety, it is necessary to scientific and effective monitoring system come obtain slopes stress variation and
The aging characteristic of the physics classroom teaching of rock mass grasps the multidate information of slope deforming development trend in real time, is the stabilization of side slope
Property make Real-Time Evaluation, for instruct prevention and cure project design, reduce slope and land slide disaster caused by economic loss have it is very heavy
The social effect wanted.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to overcome the problems of the prior art, provides a kind of railway high precipitous rock slope microseism prison
Survey method and monitoring system.The present invention uses wired and wireless parallel monitoring data transmission mode, ensures the steady of data transmission
Qualitative, reliability and convenience are realized to the high precipitous rock slope stresses re-distribution and microseismicity excavated under perturbation action
Real-time monitoring and analysis, it is close to obtain the rising stress region of excavation slope, microseism locations, the origin time of earthquake, source level, microseism
The factors parameters such as degree, and correct the Mechanics Parameters of Rock Mass of potential slide strips (zone of fracture) in real time, finally to excavation during
Slope stability carry out in real time, dynamic evaluation.
The present invention solve the technical problem the technical solution adopted is that,
Railway high precipitous rock slope micro seismic monitoring method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
1) scene obtains slope rock mass rock sample, obtains rock strength (σ by indoor three axis and uniaxial testc), springform
It measures (E), and obtains m, s value of rock using triaxial test：
Rock strength and empirical parameter m are obtained by indoor triaxial test, assumes initially that s=1, then pass through triaxial test number
According to recurrence calculate arrive m, σc, formula is as follows:
Enable x=σ3, y=(σ1-σ3)2, have:
In formula：N is σ1~σ3Group number (typically no less than 5)；σ1Axial compressive force；σ3Lateral confining pressure；σcRock strength；
After the empirical parameter m for calculating rock, parameter s is calculated after m value is brought into (3) formula：
If the s being calculated is less than zero, s=0 is enabled, indicates it for fragmented rock body；
2) using indoor triaxial test, the cohesive strength and internal friction angle of slope rock mass are obtained respectively, and formula is as follows：
In formula：C is the cohesive force (MPa) of rock；φ is the internal friction angle of rock；σ is the intercept of curve on the vertical scale
(MPa)；M is the slope of curve；
3) by calculating after side slope microseism occurs, positioning, the energy of microseism are respectively obtained：
Microseism positioning：Rock-fall impact is positioned using joint positioning method, is carried out first using linear orientation method
Primary Location obtains rough location h (x0,y0,z0), linear initial alignment formula is as follows：
Wherein, TiIt (h) is microseism locations to i-th sensor when walking；h(x0,y0,z0) it is microseism locations；(xi,yi,
zi) (i=1,2 ..., n is each sensor space position；
The iterative initial value using linear orientation solution as Geiger localization method carries out solution positioning again, and microseism reaches each biography
The time of sensor：
Wherein, t0iFor the arrival time of the P wave of i-th of sensor detection；tciIt is reached for the calculated P wave of linear orientation
I-th of sensor time；vpFor rock mass longitudinal wave speed；
For N number of sensor, N number of equation is obtained, matrix form is：
A Δ θ=B
In formula,
Vector Δ θ after correcting is acquired by above formula, is that new positioning solution continues iteration with θ+Δ θ, until iterative value is received
Hold back the generation position that microseism is arrived in time residual value function I (φ) global minimum；
Microseism energy：
Wherein, Δ U is microseism energy；ρ is rock mass structure density；V is rock mass velocity；R is that impact position arrives sensor
Distance；JcFor energy flux (integral of particle movement speed)；FcFor vibration wave emission types empirical coefficient；
4) acquisition of Rock Damage variable and damage moduli：
In formula, D is rock element damage variable within the scope of microseism focus；Δ U is the energy that micro seismic monitoring inverse obtains；Ue
Total energy is releasably strained for rock element；E is the initial elasticity modulus of rock element；σ1、σ2、σ3For stress；
The corresponding damage moduli of rock element after microseism：
Er=(1-D) E (6)
In formula, E is the initial elasticity modulus of rock element；ErFor damage moduli；
5) within the scope of microseism focus the RMR of Research On Rockmass Quality Classification At Right Bank of Ahydro index damage：
RMRS=40ln (Em)+10 (7)
Em=E-Er (8)
In formula, RMRSFor Research On Rockmass Quality Classification At Right Bank of Ahydro index after damage；EmFor rock mass modulus within the scope of microseism；
6) based on m, s value for being calculated rock mass within the scope of acquisition microseism by disturbance rock mass：
To by disturbance rock mass
In formula, m is the m value of fresh intact rock, is obtained by triaxial test；msFor rock mass m value within the scope of microseism；ssIt is micro-
Shake rock mass s value in range；
7) side slope internal stress value is obtained based on side slope stress monitoring, and obtains the intensity of microseism range rock mass by calculating
Mechanics parameter:
cs=τ-σntgφs (15)
In formula：τ,σnShear stress, direct stress (MPa) when for rock mass damage；φs、csFor under given shear stress and direct stress
The moment internal friction angle (°) and cohesive strength (MPa) of rock mass；σ is fresh rock uniaxial compressive strength (MPa)；ms, ssFor microseism model
Enclose interior rock mass empirical parameter.
Railway high precipitous rock slope Microseismic monitoring system of the invention includes following part：
The Acquisition Instrument slave station being connect with acceleration transducer, strain gauge, displacement sensor；
The Acquisition Instrument main website of communication connection is formed with Acquisition Instrument slave station；
The remote server that telecommunication is connect is formed with Acquisition Instrument main website；
The local server of communication connection is formed with Acquisition Instrument slave station；
It is communication connection between the local server and remote server.
The invention has the advantages that：
The present invention is based on Along Railways to excavate high precipitous rock slope particularity, establishes railway high precipitous rock slope microseism prison
The on-site wireless networking mode of survey sensor and the dual-channel transmission mode that monitoring data are wireless and railway private network is wired, solve
The problems such as flexible, easy to maintain, high efficiency of transmission is routed under the conditions of complicated geological environment, substantially increases railway high precipitous rock slope
The working efficiency of Microseismic monitoring system, has saved system cost, has broad application prospects.
High precipitous rock slope excavation disturbance leads to stresses re-distribution, induces in side slope when stress is greater than rock mass strength
Portion's rock mass micro rupture, eventually leads to high precipitous rock slope unstability, and the present invention carries out side slope by the way of multiple sensors combination
Multifactor comprehensive monitoring realizes the real-time accurate acquisition of stability of slope sex-related factors.
The present invention is based on Rock Damage and principle of energy dissipations, have excavation disturbance high precipitous rock slope microseism parameter space-time in mind
Distribution characteristics establishes the dynamic corrections relationship of microseism, stress and zone of fracture rock mass strength parameter, discloses railway and excavates high steep rock
The microseismicity Evolution and dynamic stability of matter side slope are assessed, and the accurate prison to high precipitous rock slope stability is realized
It surveys and assesses.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that main passive wireless communication and poll communication data flow to schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the high precipitous rock slope stability assessment flow chart for considering microseism damage；
Specific embodiment
Railway high precipitous rock slope micro seismic monitoring method, is related to railway security monitoring field, and the present invention includes the following steps：
1) scene obtains slope rock mass rock sample, obtains rock strength, elasticity modulus, rock by indoor three axis and uniaxial test
M, s value of stone；
2) cohesive strength and internal friction angle of slope rock mass are obtained；
3) side slope microseism is acquired and is calculated by sensor after occurring, and obtains positioning, the energy of microseism；
4) Rock Damage variable and damage moduli are calculated；
5) damage of the RMR of Research On Rockmass Quality Classification At Right Bank of Ahydro index within the scope of microseism focus is calculated：
6) based on m, s value for being calculated rock mass within the scope of acquisition microseism by disturbance rock mass：
7) side slope internal stress value is obtained based on side slope stress monitoring, and obtains the intensity of microseism range rock mass by calculating
Mechanics parameter；
8) side slope computation model parameter is adjusted, and finally obtains the estimation of stability of side slope.The present invention realizes
Accurate measurements and assessment to high precipitous rock slope stability.
The present invention also provides railway high precipitous rock slope Microseismic monitoring systems, including following part：
The Acquisition Instrument slave station being connect with acceleration transducer, strain gauge, displacement sensor；
The Acquisition Instrument main website of communication connection is formed with Acquisition Instrument slave station；
The remote server that telecommunication is connect is formed with Acquisition Instrument main website；
The local server of communication connection is formed with Acquisition Instrument slave station；
It is communication connection between the local server and remote server.
Specifically, monitoring system includes the signal receiving unit for being installed on high precipitous rock slope, is received with the signal
The connected Acquisition Instrument slave station of unit, two kinds of signal acquisition lists of the data radio station being connected with the Acquisition Instrument slave station and Acquisition Instrument main website
Member；The center data radio station being connected with the data radio station, and the serial ports transition net being connected with the center data radio station
Mouth mold block and interchanger, the local server being connected with the interchanger, and be connected by railway private network with remote server, it is real
Now monitor the real-time Transmission of initial data；The DTU being connected with the acquisition main website, and pass through wireless network and remote server phase
Even, the real-time Transmission of monitoring data calculation result is realized.
Microseism, the slopes internal stress, surface displacement for receiving processing unit and being used to receive railway high precipitous rock slope
Equal signals, and the original signal is sent to data radio station, calculation result data is sent to Acquisition Instrument main website or Acquisition Instrument master
It stands and data is actively asked for the progress of Acquisition Instrument slave station.The data radio station is collected for micro seismic monitoring initial data, and will
Aggregated data converts network interface module by center data radio station, serial ports and interchanger is transferred to local server, the local clothes
Business device is transmitted to remote server by railway private network.The Acquisition Instrument main website is used to calculate number to microseism, stress, displacement etc.
According to being collected, and data are sent to remote server by DTU wireless transmission method.
Preferably, the signal receiving unit includes multiple sensors, such as acceleration transducer, strain gauge, displacement
Sensor etc., sensor are simultaneously laid by certain mode, and the acceleration transducer excavates high precipitous rock for receiving
The microseismic signals of rock masses fracturing inside side slope, the strain gauge is for receiving excavation slope internal stress situation of change, institute
Displacement sensors are used to receive the macroscopic deformation amount of excavation slope, and the sensor passes through signal wire and Acquisition Instrument slave station phase
Even.
Preferably, the Acquisition Instrument slave station is for collecting the signals such as microseism, stress, deformation, to monitoring data into
Row real-time calculation and analysis, and wireless networking is realized with the Acquisition Instrument main website.The wireless networking is wireless using 433Mhz
Communication module has LORA spread spectrum, can realize the wireless communication for being up to 1.5Km under extremely low consumption conditions.
Preferably, the Acquisition Instrument main website is for being collected the calculation result data of Acquisition Instrument slave station, and passes through DTU
Transfer data to remote center's server.
Preferably, the data radio station is for being transmitted to center to the primary monitoring data of the signals such as microseism, stress, deformation
Data radio station realizes the wireless networking of monitoring field.
Preferably, the serial ports conversion network interface module and interchanger realize the demand of communication both ends transmission information.
Preferably, the local server stores primary monitoring data, and data are transmitted by railway private network
To remote server.
Preferably, the remote server stores primary monitoring data and calculation result data, to high precipitous rock
Ambient stress, deformation behaviour and the rupture event of side slope are analyzed, and are carried out to the stability of high precipitous rock slope real-time, dynamic
State assessment.
Preferably, the sensor and acquisition unit are all made of solar powered.
Preferably, there is the acquisition unit two-way interactive, Noise reducing of data, frequency control and the firmware of data remotely to rise
Grade.
Preferably, the client is computer and mobile phone.
The micro seismic monitoring appraisal procedure further includes the acceleration transducer, strain gauge and displacement sensor cloth
If the step includes：
Using high precipitous rock slope to be measured as basic point, in conjunction with slope excavating situation, at least five acceleration is equidistantly laid in space
Sensor guarantees stability and reliability that signal receives, sensor is needed to consolidate to avoid the filtering for excavating Relaxation Zone from influencing
It is scheduled in the drilling of 1~2.5m of hole depth.Gun drilling can also be used, sensor is mounted on inside rock mass.
Investigation is carried out to the slopes structure of the high precipitous rock slope to be measured, according to the important monitoring of slopes structure determination stress
Position, the monitoring depth of strain gauge must cover the important monitoring position of stress.
Carry out investigation, displacement sensor in the region that drawing crack deformation is likely to occur to the top of the slope of the high precipitous rock slope to be measured
It is mounted on the outside of drawing crack deformed region, datum mark is laid in base fixed region, and basement rock is goed deep into datum mark drilling and is stablized
Region.
Preferably, according to treated monitoring data to micro rupture, the stress distribution, deformation feelings for excavating high precipitous rock slope
Condition carries out calculating analysis, and carries out assessment, step in real time to the stability of high precipitous rock slope and include：
The information such as microseism locations, microseism density, microseism energy level, the origin time of earthquake are obtained by micro seismic monitoring, determine side slope
Extending stress band (zone of fracture)；
The stress condition that rupture zone is obtained by stress monitoring, is modified zone of fracture rock mass strength mechanics parameter；
Stability assessment is carried out to the high precipitous rock slope with side slope stress state and rock mass strength mechanics parameter.
Embodiment
Railway high precipitous rock slope Microseismic monitoring system, structural schematic diagram are as shown in Figure 1.Including for acquire microseism,
The acquisition process unit of stress and displacement signal, for receiving the live cable service unit of microseism initial data, for collecting,
Microseism after transmission process, stress, deformation data on-site wireless service unit, for receiving, storing, the long-range clothes of analysis decision
Business device.
Wherein acquisition process unit includes Acquisition Instrument slave station, for receiving the microseism of railway high precipitous rock slope, in slopes
The signals such as portion's stress, surface displacement, and the microseism original signal is sent to center data radio station by data radio station, to meter
It calculates treated microseism, stress and displacement data and is sent to Acquisition Instrument slave station or Acquisition Instrument main website and Acquisition Instrument slave station is carried out actively
Ask for data；Acquisition Instrument slave station at least 5 for acquiring the acceleration transducers of microseismic signals in rock side slope, at least 2 with
In the displacement sensor that the strain gauge and slope epitope of acquisition slopes internal stress move.
Wherein live cable service unit includes that the middle calculation being wirelessly connected with acquisition process cell signal output end conducts electricity
Platform, the serial ports for data transfer mode conversion turn network interface module, the local server for receiving, storing, handle；Scene clothes
Business device signal input part turns network interface module with interchanger, serial ports by cable and is connected with center data radio station.
Wherein on-site wireless service unit includes the Acquisition Instrument main website being wirelessly connected with acquisition process cell signal output end,
DTU for sending data by wireless network.
The main passive wireless communication and poll communication data of Acquisition Instrument main website and slave station flow to schematic diagram such as in the present embodiment
Shown in Fig. 2.Collection in worksite system uses wireless networking mode, and master is added in communication protocol and passively combines communication mechanism, it is ensured that
In the situation that catchs the exception at the first time.
Consider that the high precipitous rock slope stability assessment flow chart of microseism damage is as shown in Figure 3 in the present embodiment.Assessment system
System is first directed to the model parameter of side slope calculating, and wherein intensive parameter can be used indoor and outdoor test and obtain；It acquires inside side slope
Stress and microseismic signals carry out noise reduction to initial signal using Kalman filtering, improve the accuracy of monitoring accuracy and data；Base
Model is modified in real-time stress condition, and the microseismic signals of acquisition are calculated, obtain microseism earthquake magnitude, position,
The parameters such as the origin time of earthquake and density establish the potential slide strips of rock side slope；Based on microseism energy, development density etc., split using rock mass
Change analysis method and back analysis is carried out to the mechanics parameter of potential slide strips (zone of fracture)；Rock side slope is real-time, dynamic power
Under the conditions of learning parameter and ambient stress, carry out Slope Stability Evaluation.
Detailed process is as follows：
(1) scene obtains slope rock mass rock sample, obtains rock strength (σ by indoor three axis and uniaxial testc), springform
It measures (E), and obtains m, s value of rock using triaxial test, it is as follows：
Rock strength and empirical parameter m are obtained by indoor triaxial test, assumes initially that s=1, then pass through triaxial test number
According to recurrence calculate arrive m, σc, formula is as follows:
Enable x=σ3, y=(σ1-σ3)2, have:
In formula：N is σ1~σ3Group number (typically no less than 5)；σ1Axial compressive force；σ3Lateral confining pressure；σcRock strength.
After the empirical parameter m for calculating rock, parameter s is calculated after m value is brought into (3) formula：
If the s being calculated is less than zero, s=0 is enabled, indicates it for fragmented rock body.
(2) using indoor triaxial test, the cohesive strength and internal friction angle of slope rock mass are obtained respectively, and formula is as follows：
In formula：C is the cohesive force (MPa) of rock；φ is the internal friction angle of rock；σ is the intercept of curve on the vertical scale
(MPa)；M is the slope of curve.
(3) by calculating after side slope microseism occurs, positioning, the energy of microseism are respectively obtained.
The synthesized positioning method that microseism positioning is combined using linear orientation and Geiger localization method item.
Microseism positioning：Rock-fall impact is positioned using joint positioning method, is carried out first using linear orientation method
Primary Location obtains rough location h (x0,y0,z0), linear initial alignment formula is as follows：
Wherein, TiIt (h) is microseism locations to i-th sensor when walking；h(x0,y0,z0) it is microseism locations；(xi,yi,
zi) (i=1,2 ..., n is each sensor space position.
The iterative initial value using linear orientation solution as Geiger localization method carries out solution positioning again, and specific calculating is as follows：
Microseism reaches the time of each sensor：
Wherein, t0iFor the arrival time of the P wave of i-th of sensor detection；tciIt is reached for the calculated P wave of linear orientation
I-th of sensor time；vpFor rock mass longitudinal wave speed.
For N number of sensor, N number of equation is obtained, is write as the form of matrix：
A Δ θ=B
In formula,
Vector Δ θ after correcting is acquired by above formula, is that new positioning solution continues iteration with θ+Δ θ, until iterative value is received
Hold back the generation position that microseism is arrived in time residual value function I (φ) global minimum.
Microseism energy：
Wherein, Δ U is microseism energy；ρ is rock mass structure density；V is rock mass velocity；R is that impact position arrives sensor
Distance；JcFor energy flux (integral of particle movement speed)；FcFor vibration wave emission types empirical coefficient.
(4) acquisition of Rock Damage variable and damage moduli：
In formula, D is rock element damage variable within the scope of microseism focus；Δ U is the energy that micro seismic monitoring inverse obtains；Ue
Total energy is releasably strained for rock element；E is the initial elasticity modulus of rock element；σ1、σ2、σ3For stress.
The corresponding damage moduli of rock element after microseism
Er=(1-D) E (6)
In formula, E is the initial elasticity modulus of rock element；ErFor damage moduli.
(5) within the scope of microseism focus the RMR of Research On Rockmass Quality Classification At Right Bank of Ahydro index damage：
RMRS=40ln (Em)+10 (7)
Em=E-Er (8)
In formula, RMRSFor Research On Rockmass Quality Classification At Right Bank of Ahydro index after damage；EmFor rock mass modulus within the scope of microseism.
(6) based on m, s value for being calculated rock mass within the scope of acquisition microseism by disturbance rock mass：
To by disturbance rock mass
In formula, m is the m value of fresh intact rock, is obtained by triaxial test；msFor rock mass m value within the scope of microseism；ssIt is micro-
Shake rock mass s value in range.
(7) side slope internal stress value is obtained based on side slope stress monitoring, and obtains the strong of microseism range rock mass by calculating
Spend mechanics parameter:
cs=τ-σntgφs (15)
In formula：τ,σnShear stress, direct stress (MPa) when for rock mass damage；φs、csFor under given shear stress and direct stress
The moment internal friction angle (°) and cohesive strength (MPa) of rock mass；σ is fresh rock uniaxial compressive strength (MPa)；ms, ssFor microseism model
Enclose interior rock mass empirical parameter.
Mechanics Parameters of Rock Mass within the scope of microseism, side slope internal stress and the displacement of slope table portion are obtained based on above-mentioned steps, it is right
Side slope computation model parameter is adjusted, and can finally obtain the estimation of stability of side slope.
Claims (2)
1. railway high precipitous rock slope micro seismic monitoring method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
1) scene obtains slope rock mass rock sample, obtains rock strength (σ by indoor three axis and uniaxial testc), elasticity modulus (E),
And m, s value of rock are obtained using triaxial test：
Rock strength and empirical parameter m are obtained by indoor triaxial test, assumes initially that s=1, then pass through triaxial test data
Return calculating arrives m, σc, formula is as follows:
Enable x=σ3, y=(σ1-σ3)2, have:
In formula：N is σ1~σ3Group number (typically no less than 5)；σ1Axial compressive force；σ3Lateral confining pressure；σcRock strength；Calculate rock
After the empirical parameter m of stone, parameter s is calculated after m value is brought into (3) formula：
If the s being calculated is less than zero, s=0 is enabled, indicates it for fragmented rock body；
2) using indoor triaxial test, the cohesive strength and internal friction angle of slope rock mass are obtained respectively, and formula is as follows：
In formula：C is the cohesive force (MPa) of rock；φ is the internal friction angle of rock；σ is the intercept of curve on the vertical scale
(MPa)；M is the slope of curve；
3) by calculating after side slope microseism occurs, positioning, the energy of microseism are respectively obtained：
Microseism positioning：Rock-fall impact is positioned using joint positioning method, is carried out first using linear orientation method preliminary
Positioning obtains rough location h (x0,y0,z0), linear initial alignment formula is as follows：
Wherein, TiIt (h) is microseism locations to i-th sensor when walking；h(x0,y0,z0) it is microseism locations；(xi,yi,zi) (i=
1,2 ..., n) it is each sensor space position；
The iterative initial value using linear orientation solution as Geiger localization method carries out solution positioning again, and microseism reaches each sensor
Time：
Wherein, t0iFor the arrival time of the P wave of i-th of sensor detection；tciIt is reached i-th for the calculated P wave of linear orientation
Sensor time；vpFor rock mass longitudinal wave speed；
For N number of sensor, N number of equation is obtained, matrix form is：
A Δ θ=B
In formula,
Vector Δ θ after correcting is acquired by above formula, is that new positioning solution continues iteration with θ+Δ θ, until iterative value converges on
Time residual value function I (φ) global minimum is to get the generation position for arriving microseism；
Microseism energy：
Wherein, Δ U is microseism energy；ρ is rock mass structure density；V is rock mass velocity；R is distance of the impact position to sensor；
JcFor energy flux (integral of particle movement speed)；FcFor vibration wave emission types empirical coefficient；
4) acquisition of Rock Damage variable and damage moduli：
In formula, D is rock element damage variable within the scope of microseism focus；Δ U is the energy that micro seismic monitoring inverse obtains；UeFor rock
Body unit releasably strains total energy；E is the initial elasticity modulus of rock element；σ1、σ2、σ3For stress；
The corresponding damage moduli of rock element after microseism：
Er=(1-D) E (6)
In formula, E is the initial elasticity modulus of rock element；ErFor damage moduli；
5) within the scope of microseism focus the RMR of Research On Rockmass Quality Classification At Right Bank of Ahydro index damage：
RMRS=40ln (Em)+10 (7)
Em=E-Er (8)
In formula, RMRSFor Research On Rockmass Quality Classification At Right Bank of Ahydro index after damage；EmFor rock mass modulus within the scope of microseism；
6) based on m, s value for being calculated rock mass within the scope of acquisition microseism by disturbance rock mass：
To by disturbance rock mass
In formula, m is the m value of fresh intact rock, is obtained by triaxial test；msFor rock mass m value within the scope of microseism；ssFor microseism model
Enclose interior rock mass s value；
7) side slope internal stress value is obtained based on side slope stress monitoring, and obtains the intensity mechanics of microseism range rock mass by calculating
Parameter:
cs=τ-σntgφs (15)
In formula：τ,σnShear stress, direct stress (MPa) when for rock mass damage；φs、csFor the rock mass under given shear stress and direct stress
Moment internal friction angle (°) and cohesive strength (MPa)；σ is fresh rock uniaxial compressive strength (MPa)；ms, ssFor within the scope of microseism
Rock mass empirical parameter.
2. railway high precipitous rock slope Microseismic monitoring system, which is characterized in that including following part：
The Acquisition Instrument slave station being connect with acceleration transducer, strain gauge, displacement sensor；
The Acquisition Instrument main website of communication connection is formed with Acquisition Instrument slave station；
The remote server that telecommunication is connect is formed with Acquisition Instrument main website；
The local server of communication connection is formed with Acquisition Instrument slave station；
It is communication connection between the local server and remote server.
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| CN111208198A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-05-29 | 大连理工大学 | Method for measuring wave velocity of rock mass in real time and evaluating quality of rock mass |
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| CN115639604A (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2023-01-24 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Quantitative analysis method and system for damage of surrounding rock of deep and shallow layers of underground cavern |
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