CN108824171B - Shock-absorbing shape memory alloy anchor bolt suitable for steel tower cable-stayed bridge and setting method thereof - Google Patents
Shock-absorbing shape memory alloy anchor bolt suitable for steel tower cable-stayed bridge and setting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108824171B CN108824171B CN201810896702.0A CN201810896702A CN108824171B CN 108824171 B CN108824171 B CN 108824171B CN 201810896702 A CN201810896702 A CN 201810896702A CN 108824171 B CN108824171 B CN 108824171B
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- steel tower
- shape memory
- memory alloy
- hexagonal nut
- anchor rod
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/14—Towers; Anchors ; Connection of cables to bridge parts; Saddle supports
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
Abstract
The invention discloses a shock-absorbing shape memory alloy anchor bolt suitable for a steel tower cable-stayed bridge. The invention utilizes the characteristics of high flexibility and low rigidity of the shape memory alloy anchor rod to greatly consume the energy input by the earthquake and reduce the residual displacement of the steel tower, thereby reducing the earthquake damage of the earthquake to the cable-stayed bridge of the steel tower and promoting the self-resetting of the steel tower; the method can increase the resistance of the steel tower to transverse shear stress, namely the resistance to wind load in practical application, and can effectively resist horizontal shearing force and vertical tensile force caused by wind.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bridge engineering, in particular to a shock-absorbing shape memory alloy anchor bolt suitable for a steel tower cable-stayed bridge and a setting method thereof.
Background
The first cable-stayed bridge in China is a Sichuan cloud-sun bridge built in 1975. By adopting new technology and exploring new methods from the 90 s of the last century, the field of the cable-stayed bridge in China is developed suddenly and rapidly, so that the development and construction of the cable-stayed bridge in China are in advanced line in the world. As China is a country with more earthquakes, the bridge tower of the common cable-stayed bridge is made of reinforced concrete and is extremely easy to crack during the earthquakes, so that the bridge body is damaged and the earthquake resistance is poor. Therefore, a cable-stayed bridge with good earthquake resistance is urgently needed. Accordingly, a cable-stayed bridge of a steel tower has been developed.
The steel tower cable-stayed bridge is a statically indeterminate structure system consisting of a main girder, a stay cable and a steel tower, wherein the steel tower is a main stressed member, and load forms such as dead weight of the bridge body, vehicle load and the like are transmitted to the steel tower through the stay cable to form an overall bearing stressed system. Besides good shock resistance, the steel tower cable-stayed bridge has the advantages of large spanning capacity, good structural performance, simple and convenient construction, easy maintenance, lower manufacturing cost, light and attractive appearance and the like, and in addition, the steel is recycled, so that the steel tower cable-stayed bridge has the characteristic of environmental protection, and conforms to the concept of sustainable development.
In the structure of the steel tower cable-stayed bridge, anchor bolts are widely used at the joint of the steel tower and the bridge pier of the steel tower cable-stayed bridge. At present, in the field of steel tower cable-stayed bridges, most of the used anchor bolts are made of common steel according to a certain design load. The common steel has high strength, can resist larger load, but has lower flexibility and limited energy consumption capability, and residual strain is easy to accumulate in cyclic loading, so that after the steel is subjected to strong earthquake action, the steel anchor bolt is relatively easy to break, and the anchor bolt is broken or pulled out. To improve the shock resistance of the anchor bolt, it is an effective approach to add a shape memory alloy member to the anchor bolt. Shape memory alloys perform well in terms of deformation. Other metals often exhibit intra-crystalline dislocation upon deformation, while shape memory alloys exhibit phase transformation, i.e., spontaneous displacement between the martensite and austenite lattices. Under the action of external load, the shape memory alloy shows super-elastic property, so that the shape memory alloy can recover the original shape after repeated deformation. The shape memory alloy has plump stress-strain hysteresis curve, so the shape memory alloy has good energy consumption performance. Shape memory alloys have received much attention in the construction field due to their excellent shock resistance, but they have been lacking in research and related technologies in cable-stayed bridges of steel towers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a shock-absorbing shape memory alloy anchor bolt suitable for a steel tower cable-stayed bridge and a setting method thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a shock attenuation shape memory alloy crab-bolt suitable for steel tower cable-stay bridge, includes first hexagon nut, second hexagon nut, first circular backing plate, shape memory alloy stock, octagonal nut, ordinary steel stock, the circular backing plate of second and third hexagon nut, wherein: the bottom of the shape memory alloy anchor rod is connected with the top of the common steel anchor rod through an octagonal nut, the top of the shape memory alloy anchor rod is provided with a first round backing plate, the first round backing plate is fixedly arranged on the shape memory alloy anchor rod through a first hexagonal nut and a second hexagonal nut, the bottom of the common steel anchor rod is provided with a second round backing plate, and the second round backing plate is fixedly arranged on the common steel anchor rod through a third hexagonal nut.
Preferably, the yield strength of the shape memory alloy rock bolt is lower than that of a common steel rock bolt.
Preferably, both ends of the shape memory alloy anchor rod and the common steel anchor rod are respectively provided with external threads with uniform specification, and the external threads are matched with the internal threads of the first hexagonal nut, the second hexagonal nut, the octagonal nut and the third hexagonal nut.
Preferably, the first hexagonal nut, the second hexagonal nut and the third hexagonal nut are designed to have the same size, and the first circular backing plate and the second circular backing plate are designed to have the same size.
Preferably, the diameter of the first round backing plate is 3-4 times of the diameter of the circumcircle of the second hexagonal nut.
Preferably, the shape memory alloy anchor rod is made of nickel-titanium alloy, and the common steel anchor rod is made of common steel.
Preferably, the common steel anchor rod can also be designed as a steel bent rod.
A method for setting shock-absorbing shape memory alloy anchor bolts suitable for a steel tower cable-stayed bridge, wherein: the installation method comprises the following steps: s1, firstly, connecting a shape memory alloy anchor rod with a common steel anchor rod through an octagonal nut;
s2, installing a second round backing plate and a third hexagonal nut, and spot-welding the second round backing plate on the common steel anchor rod;
s3, installing the structure in a concrete block of the concrete bridge pier in a pre-buried mode;
s4, after the concrete strength reaches the standard, the bottom of the steel tower is installed, a first round backing plate, a second hexagonal nut and a first hexagonal nut are sequentially installed, the first hexagonal nut and the second hexagonal nut are used for fixing the first round backing plate and the steel tower of the steel tower cable-stayed bridge, the bridge deck is installed at the waist of the steel tower, two ends of the bridge deck are hoisted at the top end of the steel tower through inhaul cables, when the elevation of the concrete foundation of the concrete bridge pier is deviated, the elevation is adjusted by adjusting the positions of the first hexagonal nut, the second hexagonal nut and the first backing plate, so that adverse factors caused by the deviation of the construction process are overcome, and the bearing capacity of the concrete bridge pier of the steel tower cable-stayed bridge is effectively improved.
Preferably, in the step S4, a plurality of flanges can be designed at the joint of the steel tower and the concrete pier according to requirements, wherein the flanges are the first circular plate at the top of the shape memory alloy anchor rod, the second hexagonal nut and the first hexagonal nut anchored flanges, namely, the plurality of anchor bolts are anchored, so that the resistance of the steel tower to transverse shear stress can be increased, and the resistance to wind load can be realized in practical application.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:
1. the shape memory alloy anchor rod is arranged on the upper half part of the anchor bolt, the characteristics of high flexibility and low rigidity of the anchor bolt are utilized to enable the steel tower structure system to have a certain vibration isolation function on earthquake input energy, and the earthquake input energy is greatly consumed by virtue of horizontal movement and longitudinal movement of the steel tower;
2. the steel tower can be automatically restored to the original position by adopting the shape memory alloy anchor rod, and the residual displacement of the steel tower is reduced, so that the shock hazard of earthquake to the cable-stayed bridge of the steel tower is reduced, and the shape memory alloy anchor rod plays a self-resetting role on the steel tower;
3. the invention can increase the resistance of the steel tower to transverse shear stress, namely the resistance to wind load in practical application, and can effectively resist horizontal shearing force and vertical tensile force caused by wind.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the anchor of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional view of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the anchor of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a general layout of the invention applied to a steel pylon cable-stayed bridge.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the present invention applied to the junction of a steel tower and a concrete pier of a cable stayed bridge of a steel tower.
Fig. 6 is a partial construction view of the present invention applied to a steel tower and a concrete pier.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the present invention during an earthquake.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an anchor cluster set up of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of another construction of the conventional steel bolt of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-first hexagonal nut, 2-second hexagonal nut, 3-first round backing plate, 4-shape memory alloy anchor rod, 5-octagonal nut, 6-ordinary steel anchor rod, 7-second round backing plate, 8-third hexagonal nut, 9-steel tower, 10-bridge deck, 11-concrete pier, 12-cable, 13-flange, 14-steel bent rod.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1, please refer to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a shock attenuation shape memory alloy crab-bolt suitable for steel tower cable-stay bridge, including first hexagon nut 1, second hexagon nut 2, first circular backing plate 3, shape memory alloy stock 4, octagonal nut 5, ordinary steel stock 6, second circular backing plate 7 and third hexagon nut 8, wherein: the bottom of the shape memory alloy anchor rod 4 is connected with the top of the common steel anchor rod 6 through the octagonal nut 5, the top of the shape memory alloy anchor rod 4 is provided with a first round backing plate 3, the first round backing plate 3 is fixedly arranged on the shape memory alloy anchor rod 4 through the first hexagonal nut 1 and the second hexagonal nut 2, the bottom of the common steel anchor rod 6 is provided with a second round backing plate 7, the second round backing plate 7 is fixedly arranged on the common steel anchor rod 6 through the third hexagonal nut 8, the contact area between the first round backing plate 3 and the concrete surface of the concrete pier 11 can be increased through the second round backing plate 7, the anchor bolts can be prevented from being pulled out when the anchor bolts experience earthquakes, and the anchor bolt fixing effect is achieved.
Embodiment 2, please refer to fig. 7, a shock absorbing shape memory alloy anchor bolt suitable for a steel tower cable-stayed bridge, wherein: the yield strength of the shape memory alloy anchor rod 4 is lower than that of the common steel anchor rod 6, so that the shape memory alloy anchor rod 4 can be fully deformed in an earthquake, and the deformation of the common steel anchor rod 6 is small. The procedure is as in example 1.
Embodiment 3, please refer to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a shock absorbing shape memory alloy anchor bolt suitable for a steel tower cable-stayed bridge, wherein: both ends of the shape memory alloy anchor rod 4 and the common steel anchor rod 6 are respectively provided with external threads with uniform specification, and the external threads are matched with internal threads of the first hexagonal nut 1, the second hexagonal nut 2, the octagonal nut 5 and the third hexagonal nut 8. The procedure is as in example 1.
Embodiment 4, please refer to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a shock absorbing shape memory alloy anchor bolt suitable for a steel tower cable-stayed bridge, wherein: the first hexagonal nut 1, the second hexagonal nut 2 and the third hexagonal nut 8 are designed to be the same size, the first round backing plate 3 and the second round backing plate 7 are designed to be the same size, and the first hexagonal backing plate, the second hexagonal backing plate and the third hexagonal backing plate can be replaced by each other for use when in actual construction and installation, so that the installation efficiency is improved. The procedure is as in example 1.
Embodiment 5, referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a shock absorbing shape memory alloy anchor bolt suitable for a steel pylon cable-stayed bridge, wherein: the diameter of the first round backing plate 3 is 3-4 times of the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the second hexagonal nut 2, so that the anchor bolt can be prevented from being pulled out when the anchor bolt experiences an earthquake, and the anchor bolt is fixed. The procedure is as in example 1.
Embodiment 6, a shock attenuation shape memory alloy crab-bolt suitable for steel tower cable-stay bridge, wherein: the shape memory alloy anchor rod 4 is made of nickel-titanium alloy, the common steel anchor rod 6 is made of common steel, so that the damage of an earthquake to the steel tower cable-stayed bridge can be reduced, the safety of the steel tower cable-stayed bridge is protected, and the installation cost is reduced. The procedure is as in example 1.
Embodiment 7, referring to fig. 9, a shock absorbing shape memory alloy anchor bolt suitable for a steel pylon cable-stayed bridge, wherein: the common steel anchor rod 6 can be designed into a steel bent rod 14, so that the occupied area of the anchor rod in the same plane in the concrete can be reduced, and the anchoring efficiency of the anchoring system is enhanced. The procedure is as in example 1.
Embodiment 8, please refer to fig. 4-6, a method for setting shock-absorbing shape memory alloy anchor bolts suitable for a cable-stayed bridge of a steel tower, wherein: the installation method comprises the following steps: s1, firstly, connecting a shape memory alloy anchor rod 4 with a common steel anchor rod 6 through an octagonal nut 5;
s2, installing a second round backing plate 7 and a third hexagonal nut 8, and spot-welding the second round backing plate 7 on the common steel anchor rod 6;
s3, installing the structure in a concrete block of the concrete bridge pier 11 in a pre-buried mode;
s4, after the concrete strength reaches the standard, the bottom of the steel tower 9 is installed, the first round backing plate 3, the second hexagonal nut 2 and the first hexagonal nut 1 are sequentially installed, the first hexagonal nut 1 and the second hexagonal nut 2 are used for fixing the first round backing plate 3 and the steel tower 9 of the steel tower cable-stayed bridge, the bridge deck 10 is installed at the waist of the steel tower 9, two ends of the bridge deck 10 are hoisted at the top end of the steel tower 9 through the inhaul cable 12, and when the concrete foundation elevation of the concrete bridge pier 11 deviates, the elevation can be adjusted by adjusting the positions of the first hexagonal nut 1, the second hexagonal nut 2 and the first hexagonal nut 1, so that adverse factors caused by the deviation of the construction process are overcome, and the bearing capacity of the concrete bridge pier 11 of the steel tower cable-stayed bridge is effectively improved.
Embodiment 9, please refer to fig. 8, a method for setting shock-absorbing shape memory alloy anchor bolts suitable for a cable-stayed bridge of a steel tower, wherein: the shape memory alloy can recover to the strain interval of the original shape not more than 6% to 8%, when the strain exceeds 6% to 8%, the shape memory alloy generates strain hardening, the elasticity of the shape memory alloy is reduced, and the deformation resistance is enhanced, so that residual strain exists after the load is removed, the original shape cannot be completely recovered, the response of the tower top to the earthquake is increased, the fullness degree of a stress-strain hysteresis curve is greatly reduced, the seismic energy absorption capacity is also reduced, a plurality of flanges 13 can be designed at the joint of the steel tower 9 and the concrete bridge pier 11 according to the requirement in S4, the flanges 13 are the flanges anchored by the first circular plate 3, the second hexagonal nut 2 and the first hexagonal nut 1 at the top of the shape memory alloy anchor rod 4, namely, the plurality of anchors are anchored, the resistance of the steel tower 9 to the transverse shear stress can be increased, and the resistance to the wind load is realized in practical application.
Claims (2)
1. The method for arranging the shock-absorbing shape memory alloy anchor bolts suitable for the cable-stayed bridge of the steel tower is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the steps of S1, connecting a shape memory alloy anchor rod (4) with a common steel anchor rod (6) through an octagonal nut (5), wherein the shape memory alloy anchor rod (4) is made of nickel-titanium alloy, the common steel anchor rod (6) is made of common steel, external threads with uniform specifications are formed at two ends of the shape memory alloy anchor rod 4 and the common steel anchor rod 6, and the external threads are matched with internal threads of a first hexagonal nut (1), a second hexagonal nut (2), the octagonal nut (5) and a third hexagonal nut (8);
s2, mounting a second round backing plate (7) and a third hexagonal nut (8) on external threads at one end of the common steel anchor rod 6, and spot-welding the second round backing plate (7) on the common steel anchor rod 6;
s3, installing the structure in a concrete block of the concrete bridge pier (11) in a pre-buried mode;
s4, after the strength of the concrete reaches the standard, the bottom of the steel tower (9) is installed, the first round backing plate (3), the second hexagonal nut (2) and the first hexagonal nut (1) are installed on external threads of one end of the shape memory alloy anchor rod (4) far away from the common steel anchor rod (6) in sequence, the first hexagonal nut (1) and the second hexagonal nut (2) are used for fixing the first round backing plate (3) and the steel tower (9) of the steel tower cable-stayed bridge, the bridge deck (10) is installed at the waist of the steel tower (9), two ends of the bridge deck (10) are hoisted at the top end of the steel tower (9) through stay ropes (12), and when deviation occurs on the elevation of a concrete foundation of the concrete bridge pier (11), the elevation is adjusted by adjusting the positions of the first hexagonal nut (1), the second hexagonal nut (2) and the first hexagonal nut (3) so as to overcome adverse factors caused by deviation in the construction process, and the bearing capacity of the concrete bridge pier (11) of the steel tower cable-stayed bridge is effectively improved.
2. The method for setting the shock-absorbing shape memory alloy anchor bolt suitable for the cable-stayed bridge of the steel tower according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a plurality of flanges (13) can be designed at the joint of the steel tower (9) and the concrete pier (11) according to requirements in the S4, the flanges (13) are the first circular plate (3) at the top of the shape memory alloy anchor rod (4), the second hexagonal nut (2) and the first hexagonal nut (1) anchored flanges, namely, the plurality of anchor bolts are anchored, so that the resistance of the steel tower (9) to transverse shear stress can be increased, and the resistance to wind load can be realized in practical application.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810896702.0A CN108824171B (en) | 2018-08-08 | 2018-08-08 | Shock-absorbing shape memory alloy anchor bolt suitable for steel tower cable-stayed bridge and setting method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810896702.0A CN108824171B (en) | 2018-08-08 | 2018-08-08 | Shock-absorbing shape memory alloy anchor bolt suitable for steel tower cable-stayed bridge and setting method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108824171A CN108824171A (en) | 2018-11-16 |
| CN108824171B true CN108824171B (en) | 2023-07-28 |
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Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004225411A (en) * | 2003-01-24 | 2004-08-12 | Topy Ind Ltd | Anchoring bolt device for bridge pier or the like |
| CN101575883B (en) * | 2009-06-02 | 2011-03-09 | 同济大学 | Energy-consuming shock absorber |
| CN205443914U (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2016-08-10 | 上海应用技术学院 | Adopt shape memory alloy reinforcing bar to have prefabricated pin -connected panel pier of runback potential energy power |
| WO2018060784A1 (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2018-04-05 | Jamalpournajmabad Reza | Self-centering steel column- foundation connection, equipped with super elastic nitinol shape memory alloy |
| CN107035203A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-08-11 | 沈阳建筑大学 | A kind of SMA energy consumers prestressing without bondn system |
| CN107288216A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-10-24 | 同济大学 | A kind of self-resetting swinging reinforced column based on marmem |
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