CN108823350B - Method for using waste copper and nickel plates as vanadium extraction coolant and smelting weathering steel - Google Patents
Method for using waste copper and nickel plates as vanadium extraction coolant and smelting weathering steel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for using waste copper and nickel plates as a vanadium extraction coolant and smelting weathering steel, which comprises the following steps: (1) extracting vanadium from molten iron containing vanadium and titanium; (2) preparing initial weathering steel; (3) and (4) smelting the weathering steel. The invention fully utilizes the characteristic of adding the coolant in the vanadium extraction process, and advances the Cu and Ni alloying mode to the vanadium extraction stage. The waste copper and nickel plates are used as the cooling agent, so that the consumption of iron scale and pellets in the vanadium extraction process can be reduced, the addition of the waste steel of the steelmaking converter can be increased under the condition of the same semisteel component and temperature, the influence of the copper plates and the nickel plates on the temperature drop is not considered, the waste steel ratio is improved, and the comprehensive cost of vanadium extraction and steelmaking is reduced. The scrap copper is adopted to replace a high-quality electrolytic copper plate to smelt weathering steel, so that the cost of Cu alloy elements is effectively reduced. The invention can reduce the comprehensive cost of steel making by 21.62-52.86 yuan/t.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and particularly relates to a method for smelting weathering steel by using waste copper and nickel plates as a vanadium extraction coolant.
Background
Weathering resistant steel, i.e. low-alloy high-strength steel with good corrosion resistance in the atmosphere. In the using process, a layer of compact corrosion product protective film with firm adhesion is gradually formed on the surface, the further corrosion of oxygen, water and other corrosive media in the atmosphere to the matrix is prevented, and the corrosion rate of the matrix is greatly reduced relative to carbon steel, so that the corrosion inhibitor is widely applied to the fields of railways, containers, bridges, ocean engineering and the like.
As corrosion-resistant alloy elements such as Cu, P, Cr, Ni and the like are required to be added for smelting the weathering steel, the alloying cost of the weathering steel is higher, and therefore, a method for smelting the weathering steel at low cost is urgently needed to be developed.
The waste copper and nickel plates are used as the vanadium extraction coolant, so that the material consumption of iron scale and pellet coolant in the vanadium extraction process can be reduced, the steelmaking cost can be comprehensively reduced, and the economic benefit is remarkable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for smelting weathering steel by using waste copper and nickel plates as vanadium extraction coolants.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for using waste copper and nickel plates as a vanadium extracting coolant and smelting weathering steel, the method comprising the following steps:
(1) extracting vanadium from molten iron containing vanadium and titanium: loading vanadium-titanium-containing molten iron, waste copper and a nickel plate into a vanadium extraction converter, adding a waste copper packing material and the nickel plate into the converter for preheating according to different Cu and Ni contents of the smelted target weathering steel, wherein the adding amount of the waste copper packing material is 2.0-5.6kg/t steel, the adding amount of the nickel plate is less than or equal to 6.5kg/t steel, and then adding molten iron; in the blowing process, the addition of iron scale is 13.5-23.8kg/t steel, the addition of pellets is 15.0-30.0 kg/t steel, the lance position of an oxygen lance is 1.2-1.4m, and the oxygen consumption is 4.50-8.20Nm3The flow rate of bottom-blown nitrogen is 90-130Nm3Blowing for 6-10min to obtain semi-steel containing Cu and Ni through the vanadium extraction process;
(2) preparation of initial weathering steel: the semisteel containing Cu and Ni is loaded into a steelmaking converter for smelting, the addition amount of scrap steel is 8-13% of the semisteel, the addition amount of lime is 15.0-25.0kg/t of the semisteel, the addition amount of light-burned dolomite is 10.0-20.0kg/t of the semisteel, and the oxygen consumption is 30.0-45.0Nm3Steel,/t; in the blowing process, the bottom blowing argon is blown in the whole process of the converter, and the flow rate of the bottom blowing argon is 280-500 Nm3H; according to different target components and grades of smelted weathering steel, the tapping end point temperature of the steel converter is controlled at 1630-Adjusting Cu and Ni components in the weathering steel to obtain initial weathering steel with qualified Cu and Ni components;
(3) smelting weathering steel: and (3) transferring the initial weathering steel with qualified Cu and Ni components to an LF furnace for impurity removal and component fine adjustment to obtain the weathering steel meeting the target component requirements.
In the step (1), the molten iron containing vanadium and titanium comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 4.05-4.95%, P: 0.100-0.200%, Si: 0.05 to 0.20%, Mn: 0.23-0.32%, S: 0.030 to 0.050%, V: 0.160-0.210%, Ti: 0.040-0.120%, the rest is Fe and inevitable impurities.
In the steps (1) and (2), the waste copper packaging material and the waste copper crushing material particles are waste copper obtained after the insulating skin of the waste copper cable is removed, the Cu content in the two types of waste copper is more than or equal to 99.5wt%, the balance is inevitable impurities, the volume of the waste copper packaging material is 500 x 150mm, the weight is 48-52 kg/package, the diameter of the waste copper particles is 5-10mm, and the length of the waste copper particles is 50-150 mm; the technical indexes of the nickel plate are as follows: more than or equal to 99.5wt% of Ni, and the balance of inevitable impurity elements.
In the step (1), the technical indexes of the iron scale are as follows: TFe not less than 71.0wt%, H2O≤1.0wt%，CaO≤0.8wt%，SiO2Less than or equal to 0.7wt percent and the granularity of 35-55 mm; the technical indexes of the pellet are as follows: TFe not less than 60.0wt%, FeO not more than 1.0wt%, H2O≤0.2wt%，CaO≤1.5wt%，SiO2Less than or equal to 5.0wt percent and the granularity of 8-12 mm.
In the step (1), the Cu-Ni-containing semisteel mainly comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 3.30-3.90wt%, Cu: 0.21-0.56wt%, Ni less than or equal to 0.65wt%, Si less than or equal to 0.010wt%, Mn less than or equal to 0.070wt%, V less than or equal to 0.030wt%, and Ti less than or equal to 0.008 wt%; the temperature of the semisteel is 1330-1400 ℃.
In the step (2), the technical indexes of lime are as follows: CaO + MgO is greater than or equal to 86.0wt%, CaO is greater than or equal to 81.0wt%, SiO2Less than or equal to 3.0wt%, P less than or equal to 0.05wt%, S less than or equal to 0.05wt%, activity greater than or equal to 300ml, and granularity of 30-60 mm.
In the step (2), the technical indexes of the light calcined dolomite are that MgO is more than or equal to 29.0wt%, CaO is more than or equal to 41.0wt%, S is less than or equal to 0.05wt%, and the granularity is 15-30 mm.
In the step (2), the ferrosilicon comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: more than or equal to 17.0wt% of Si, more than or equal to 65wt% of Mn, less than or equal to 2.0wt% of C, less than or equal to 0.15wt% of P, less than or equal to 0.04wt% of S, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements; the silicon-manganese alloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: more than or equal to 72.0wt% of Si, less than or equal to 0.05wt% of P, less than or equal to 0.03wt% of S, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements; the Tai-Al comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: more than or equal to 99.5wt% of Al, and the balance of inevitable impurity elements; the low-carbon ferrochrome comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: gr: 63.0 to 75.0 weight percent, less than or equal to 0.50 weight percent of C, less than or equal to 1.50 weight percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.03 weight percent of P, less than or equal to 0.025 weight percent of S, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements; the ferrophosphorus comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: p: 23.0 to 25.0 weight percent of Fe and inevitable impurity elements, less than or equal to 3.0 weight percent of Si, less than or equal to 1.0 weight percent of C, less than or equal to 0.5 weight percent of S, less than or equal to 2.0 weight percent of Mn and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements; the low-nitrogen carburant comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: more than or equal to 98.0wt percent of C, less than or equal to 0.025wt percent of N, and the balance of inevitable impurity elements.
The initial weathering steel in the step (2) comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.06-0.09wt%, Si: 0.25-45wt%, P: 0.07 to 0.100wt%, Mn: 0.40-0.50wt%, S is less than or equal to 0.035wt%, Als: 0.005-0.040wt%, Ni: 0.10 to 0.30wt%, Cu: 0.25-0.55wt%, Cr: 0.35-0.45wt%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
In the step (3), the target weathering steel product comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.07 to 0.10wt%, Si: 0.30-50wt%, P: 0.07 to 0.11wt%, Mn: 0.45-0.55wt%, S is less than or equal to 0.025wt%, Als: 0.010-0.040wt%, Ni: 0.10 to 0.30wt%, Cu: 0.25-0.55wt%, Cr: 0.35-0.45wt%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The comparison of the process route of the invention and the original process route is shown in Table 1, and the comparison of the production cost is shown in Table 2. As can be seen from table 2, the process of the present invention reduces cost by three aspects:
1. the Cu content of the high-quality electrolytic copper plate and the Cu content of the waste copper are both more than 99.5 percent. However, the difference between the two is large, and the Cu content in the steel is constant. The cost of the Cu element alloy price can be reduced by adopting the waste copper. The steel-making cost is not reduced by reducing the Cu element content. 4.9-6.9 yuan/kg, 2.0-5.6kg/t of steel added per ton and 9.8-38.64 yuan/t of cost reduction of the steel per ton.
2. The average consumption values of the iron scale and the pellets are respectively reduced to 5.9 yuan/t and 3.0kg/t, the average prices of the iron scale and the pellets are respectively reduced to 0.6 yuan/kg and 1.06 yuan/kg, and only the two costs are respectively reduced to 3.54 yuan/t and 3.18 yuan/t.
3. The adding amount of the scrap steel is increased by 2.0%, the benefit can be increased by 3.0-5.0 yuan/t per ton of steel, the charging amount of the molten iron is calculated according to 170t at present, the equivalent is increased by 1.7%, and the benefit is 5.1-7.5 yuan/t.
Therefore, the invention comprehensively reduces the cost: 1+2+3= (9.8-38.64 yuan/t) + (3.54 yuan/t and 3.18 yuan/t) + (5.1-7.5 yuan/t) = 21.62-52.86 yuan/t.
TABLE 1 comparison of the Process routes
TABLE 2 comparison of production costs
Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in: 1. the method adopts the waste copper to replace high-quality electrolytic copper plates to smelt the weathering steel, has obvious cost advantage and effectively reduces the cost of Cu alloy elements. 2. The method is based on the principle that Cu and Ni elements cannot be oxidized in the processes of vanadium extraction and steel making, fully utilizes the characteristic that a coolant is added in the process of vanadium extraction, advances the Cu and Ni alloying mode to the vanadium extraction stage, adopts the waste copper packing material and the nickel plate as the coolant to reduce the consumption of iron scales and pellets in the vanadium extraction process, can increase the addition of waste steel in the steel making converter under the condition of the same semisteel component and temperature, does not consider the influence of the copper plate and the nickel plate on the temperature drop, improves the ratio of the waste steel, and can reduce the comprehensive cost of steel making by 4.25-9.60 yuan/t.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
The following examples were carried out in a 150 ton smelting plant equipped with three converters, one of which was used for vanadium extraction and the other two for steel making.
Example 1
The method for smelting the weathering steel by using the waste copper and nickel plates as the vanadium extracting coolant comprises the following steps:
(1) extracting vanadium from molten iron containing vanadium and titanium: firstly, adding 4.53kg/t of waste copper packing material, 2.11kg/t of nickel plate and 165.3t of vanadium-titanium-containing molten iron into a 150-ton vanadium extraction converter, wherein the vanadium-titanium-containing molten iron comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: 4.21%, P: 0.147%, Si: 0.098%, Mn: 0.27%, S: 0.041%, V: 0.175%, Ti: 0.10 percent, and the balance of Fe element and inevitable impurities; the position of the vanadium extraction converting gun is controlled at 1.25m, and the flow rate of nitrogen bottom blowing is 98Nm3The addition of iron scale is 13.57kg/t steel, the addition of pellets is 20.57kg/t steel, and the oxygen consumption is 5.99Nm3The blowing time is 8min, and the semi-steel containing Cu and Ni obtained by the vanadium extraction process comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: 3.78wt%, Cu: 0.47wt%, Ni: 0.22wt%, Si: 0.007wt%, Mn: 0.070wt%, V: 0.029wt%, Ti: 0.003wt% of semi-steel temperature of 1374 ℃;
(2) preparation of initial weathering steel: the semisteel containing Cu and Ni obtained in the vanadium extraction process is loaded into a steel converter for smelting, the loading amounts of molten iron and scrap steel are respectively 168t and 14t, and the scrap steel ratio is 8.33%; in the blowing process, the whole process of the converter is bottom blown with argon, and the flow rate of the bottom blown argon is 369Nm3The lime addition amount is 17.56kg/t steel, the light-burned dolomite addition amount is 15.66kg/t steel, and the oxygen consumption amount is 38.03Nm3The steel/t, adding 0.29kg/t of waste copper broken material, 0.17kg/t of nickel plate, 2.56kg/t of ferrosilicon, 6.13kg/t of silicon-manganese alloy, 1.27kg/t of aluminum, 6.06kg/t of low-carbon ferrochrome, 2.09kg/t of ferrophosphorus and 0.145kg/t of low-nitrogen carburant during tapping, and obtaining the qualified initial weathering steel containing Cu and Ni, wherein the chemical components and contents are as follows: c: 0.06wt%, Si: 0.28wt%, Mn: 0.43wt%, P: 0.086wt%, S: 0.019wt%, Als: 0.018wt%, Ni: 0.23wt%, Cu: 0.48wt%, Cr: 0.38wt%, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities;
(3) smelting weathering steel: hoisting the initial weathering steel obtained by smelting in the converter to LF for impurity removal and component fine adjustment to obtain the weathering steel meeting the target component requirements, wherein the target weathering steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.07wt%, Si: 0.36wt%, Mn: 0.49wt%, P: 0.096wt%, S: 0.006wt%, Als: 0.025wt%, Ni: 0.27wt%, Cu: 0.48wt%, Cr: 0.39wt%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
In the embodiment, the waste copper and nickel plates are used as the vanadium extracting cooling agent to smelt the weathering steel, so that the comprehensive steelmaking cost is reduced by 48.01 yuan/t.
Example 2
The method for smelting the weathering steel by using the waste copper and nickel plates as the vanadium extracting coolant comprises the following steps:
(1) extracting vanadium from molten iron containing vanadium and titanium: firstly, adding 4.35kg/t steel of a waste copper packing material, 1.95kg/t steel of a nickel plate into a 150-ton vanadium extraction converter, and then adding 161.6t vanadium-titanium-containing molten iron, wherein the vanadium-titanium-containing molten iron comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: 4.51%, P: 0.151%, Si: 0.112%, Mn: 0.23%, S: 0.035%, V: 0.173%, Ti: 0.12 percent, and the balance of Fe element and inevitable impurities; the position of the vanadium extraction converting gun is controlled at 1.25m, and the flow rate of nitrogen bottom blowing is 105Nm3The addition of the iron scale is 18.77kg/t steel, the addition of the pellets is 18.47kg/t steel, and the oxygen consumption is 5.77Nm3The blowing time is 8min, and the semi-steel containing Cu and Ni obtained by the vanadium extraction process comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: 3.69wt%, Cu: 0.43wt%, Ni: 0.20wt%, Si: 0.009wt%, Mn: 0.063wt%, V: 0.028wt%, Ti: 0.003wt% of semi-steel temperature is 1369 ℃;
(2) preparation of initial weathering steel: the semisteel containing Cu and Ni obtained in the vanadium extraction process is loaded into a steel converter for smelting, the loading amounts of molten iron and scrap steel are 162t and 18t respectively, and the scrap steel ratio is 11.11%; in the blowing process, the whole process of the converter is bottom blown with argon, and the flow rate of the bottom blown argon is 400Nm3The lime addition is 19.13kg/t steel, the light burned dolomite addition is 16.48kg/t steel, and the oxygen consumption is 37.51Nm3Steel/t, adding 0.30kg/t of waste copper broken material, 0.12kg/t of nickel plate, 2.38kg/t of silicon iron, 6.44kg/t of silicon-manganese alloy, 1.49kg/t of table aluminum and 6.28k of low-carbon ferrochrome in the tapping processg/t steel, 4.95kg/t ferrophosphorus steel and 0.119kg/t low-nitrogen carburant steel to obtain the qualified initial weathering steel containing Cu and Ni, and the chemical component composition and content are as follows: c: 0.067wt%, Si: 0.31wt%, Mn: 0.45wt%, P: 0.082wt%, S: 0.021wt%, Als: 0.030wt%, Ni: 0.21wt%, Cu: 0.45wt%, Cr: 0.37wt%, the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities;
(3) smelting weathering steel: hoisting the initial weathering steel obtained by smelting in the converter to LF for impurity removal and component fine adjustment to obtain the weathering steel meeting the target component requirements, wherein the target weathering steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.09wt%, Si: 0.37wt%, Mn: 0.49wt%, P: 0.091wt%, S: 0.006wt%, Als: 0.028wt%, Ni: 0.26wt%, Cu: 0.45wt%, Cr: 0.38wt%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
In the embodiment, the waste copper and nickel plates are used as the vanadium extracting cooling agent to smelt the weathering steel, so that the comprehensive steelmaking cost is reduced by 47.99 yuan/t.
Example 3
The method for smelting the weathering steel by using the waste copper and nickel plates as the vanadium extracting coolant comprises the following steps:
(1) extracting vanadium from molten iron containing vanadium and titanium: firstly, adding 4.39kg/t of waste copper packing material, 1.87kg/t of nickel plate and 163.8t of vanadium-titanium-containing molten iron into a 150-ton vanadium extraction converter, wherein the vanadium-titanium-containing molten iron comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: 4.29%, P: 0.132%, Si: 0.08%, Mn: 0.25%, S: 0.030%, V: 0.181%, Ti: 0.09% and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities; the position of the vanadium extraction converting gun is controlled at 1.25m, and the flow rate of nitrogen blown from the bottom is 112Nm3The addition of iron scale is 18.92kg/t steel, the addition of pellets is 16.42kg/t steel, and the oxygen consumption is 6.20Nm3The blowing time is 7.2min, and the semi-steel containing Cu and Ni obtained by the vanadium extraction process comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: 3.49wt%, Cu: 0.43wt%, Ni: 0.19wt%, Si: 0.007wt%, Mn: 0.047wt%, V: 0.023wt%, Ti: 0.002wt% of semisteel at 1381 deg.C;
(2) preparation of initial weathering steel: charging the semisteel containing Cu and Ni obtained in the vanadium extraction process into a steel-making converter for smelting, wherein the charging amounts of molten iron and scrap steel are 164t and 15t respectively,the scrap steel ratio is 9.15%; in the blowing process, the converter blows argon from the bottom in the whole process, and the flow rate of the argon from the bottom is 390Nm3The lime addition is 18.01kg/t steel, the light burned dolomite addition is 16.57kg/t steel, and the oxygen consumption is 39.11Nm3The steel/t, adding 0.24kg/t of waste copper broken material, 0.30kg/t of nickel plate, 2.39kg/t of ferrosilicon, 6.51kg/t of silicon-manganese alloy, 1.75kg/t of aluminum, 6.25kg/t of low-carbon ferrochrome, 2.04kg/t of ferrophosphorus and 0.18kg/t of low-nitrogen carburant during tapping, and obtaining the qualified initial weathering steel containing Cu and Ni, wherein the chemical components and contents are as follows: c: 0.070wt%, Si: 0.28wt%, Mn: 0.44wt%, P: 0.088wt%, S: 0.020wt%, Als: 0.028wt%, Ni: 0.22wt%, Cu: 0.44wt%, Cr: 0.36wt%, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities;
(3) smelting weathering steel: hoisting the initial weathering steel obtained by smelting in the converter to LF for impurity removal and component fine adjustment to obtain the weathering steel meeting the target component requirements, wherein the target weathering steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.08wt%, Si: 0.37wt%, Mn: 0.47wt%, P: 0.090wt%, S: 0.004wt%, Als: 0.023wt%, Ni: 0.24wt%, Cu: 0.46wt%, Cr: 0.36wt%, and the balance Fe and inevitable impurities.
In the embodiment, the waste copper and nickel plates are used as the vanadium extraction cooling agent to smelt the weathering steel, so that the comprehensive steelmaking cost is reduced by 45.9 yuan/t.
Example 4
The method for smelting the weathering steel by using the waste copper and nickel plates as the vanadium extracting coolant comprises the following steps:
(1) extracting vanadium from molten iron containing vanadium and titanium: firstly, adding 4.34kg/t steel of a waste copper packing material, 1.87kg/t steel of a nickel plate and 164t vanadium-titanium-containing molten iron into a 150-ton vanadium extraction converter, wherein the vanadium-titanium-containing molten iron comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: 4.71%, P: 0.136%, Si: 0.10%, Mn: 0.26%, S: 0.033%, V: 0.180%, Ti: 0.09% and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities; the position of the vanadium extraction converting gun is controlled at 1.20m, and the flow rate of nitrogen bottom blowing is 106Nm3The addition of iron scale is 19.04kg/t steel, the addition of pellets is 19.78kg/t steel, and the oxygen consumption is 7.0Nm3Steel blowing time 8.6min, vanadium extractionThe obtained semi-steel containing Cu and Ni comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: 3.73wt%, Cu: 0.44wt%, Ni: 0.19wt%, Si: 0.009wt%, Mn: 0.055wt%, V: 0.026wt%, Ti: 0.004wt% of semi-steel with the temperature of 1396 ℃;
(2) preparation of initial weathering steel: the semisteel containing Cu and Ni obtained in the vanadium extraction process is loaded into a steel converter for smelting, the loading amounts of molten iron and scrap steel are 165t and 17t respectively, and the scrap steel ratio is 10.3%; in the blowing process, the converter blows argon from the bottom in the whole process, and the flow rate of the argon from the bottom is 410Nm3The lime addition is 16.51kg/t steel, the light burned dolomite addition is 18.64kg/t steel, and the oxygen consumption is 37.80Nm3Steel/t, adding 0.24kg/t of waste copper broken material, 0.35kg/t of nickel plate, 2.34kg/t of ferrosilicon, 6.39kg/t of silicon-manganese alloy, 1.17kg/t of table aluminum, 6.28kg/t of low-carbon ferrochrome, 2.03kg/t of ferrophosphorus and 0kg/t of low-nitrogen carburant during tapping, and obtaining the qualified initial weathering steel containing Cu and Ni, wherein the chemical components and contents are as follows: c: 0.070wt%, Si: 0.29wt%, Mn: 0.45wt%, P: 0.080wt%, S: 0.018wt%, Als: 0.020wt%, Ni: 0.23wt%, Cu: 0.45wt%, Cr: 0.39wt%, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities;
(3) smelting weathering steel: hoisting the initial weathering steel obtained by smelting in the converter to LF for impurity removal and component fine adjustment to obtain the weathering steel meeting the target component requirements, wherein the target weathering steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.08%, Si: 0.34%, Mn: 0.48%, P: 0.096%, S: 0.007%, Als: 0.022%, Ni: 0.25%, Cu: 0.47%, Cr: 0.39%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
In the embodiment, the waste copper and nickel plates are used as the vanadium extracting cooling agent to smelt the weathering steel, so that the comprehensive steelmaking cost is reduced by 43.56 yuan/t.
Example 5
The method for smelting the weathering steel by using the waste copper and nickel plates as the vanadium extracting coolant comprises the following steps:
(1) extracting vanadium from molten iron containing vanadium and titanium: firstly, adding 2.0kg/t steel of a waste copper packing material, 6.5kg/t steel of a nickel plate into a 150-ton vanadium extraction converter, and then adding 163.5t of vanadium-titanium-containing molten iron, wherein the vanadium-titanium-containing molten iron comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: 4.05%, P: 0.100%, Si:0.05%, Mn: 0.23%, S: 0.030%, V: 0.160%, Ti: 0.040%, the balance being Fe element and inevitable impurities; the position of the vanadium extraction converting gun is controlled at 1.20m, and the flow rate of nitrogen blown from the bottom is 90Nm3The addition of iron scale is 13.5kg/t steel, the addition of pellets is 15.0kg/t steel, and the oxygen consumption is 4.50Nm3The blowing time is 6min, and the semi-steel containing Cu and Ni obtained by the vanadium extraction process comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: 3.30wt%, Cu: 0.21wt%, Ni: 0.65wt%, Si: 0.010wt%, Mn: 0.070wt%, V: 0.030wt%, Ti: 0.008wt% and the semisteel temperature is 1330 ℃;
(2) preparation of initial weathering steel: the semisteel containing Cu and Ni obtained in the vanadium extraction process is loaded into a steel-making converter for smelting, the loading amounts of molten iron and scrap steel are 163t and 13t respectively, and the scrap steel ratio is 8%; in the blowing process, the whole process of the converter is bottom blown with argon, and the flow rate of the bottom blown argon is 280Nm3The addition amount of lime is 15.0kg/t steel, the addition amount of light-burned dolomite is 10.0kg/t steel, and the oxygen consumption amount is 30.0Nm3Steel/t, adding 0.24kg/t of waste copper broken material, 0.35kg/t of nickel plate, 2.34kg/t of ferrosilicon, 6.39kg/t of silicon-manganese alloy, 1.17kg/t of table aluminum, 6.28kg/t of low-carbon ferrochrome, 2.03kg/t of ferrophosphorus and 0kg/t of low-nitrogen carburant during tapping, and obtaining the qualified initial weathering steel containing Cu and Ni, wherein the chemical components and contents are as follows: c: 0.06wt%, Si: 0.25wt%, Mn: 0.40wt%, P: 0.07wt%, S: 0.035wt%, Als: 0.005wt%, Ni: 0.10wt%, Cu: 0.25wt%, Cr: 0.35wt%, the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities;
(3) smelting weathering steel: hoisting the initial weathering steel obtained by smelting in the converter to LF for impurity removal and component fine adjustment to obtain the weathering steel meeting the target component requirements, wherein the target weathering steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.07wt%, Si: 0.30wt%, Mn: 0.45wt%, P: 0.07wt%, S: 0.025wt%, Als: 0.010wt%, Ni: 0.10wt%, Cu: 0.25wt%, Cr: 0.35wt%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
In the embodiment, the waste copper and nickel plates are used as the vanadium extracting cooling agent to smelt the weathering steel, so that the comprehensive steelmaking cost is reduced by 21.62 yuan/t.
Example 6
The method for smelting the weathering steel by using the waste copper and nickel plates as the vanadium extracting coolant comprises the following steps:
(1) extracting vanadium from molten iron containing vanadium and titanium: firstly, adding 5.6kg/t steel of a waste copper packing material, 3.5kg/t steel of a nickel plate into a 150-ton vanadium extraction converter, and then adding 163.8t of vanadium-titanium-containing molten iron, wherein the vanadium-titanium-containing molten iron comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: 4.95%, P: 0.200%, Si: 0.20%, Mn: 0.32%, S: 0.050%, V: 0.210%, Ti: 0.120 percent, and the balance of Fe element and inevitable impurities; the position of the vanadium extraction converting gun is controlled at 1.40m, and the flow rate of nitrogen bottom blowing is 130Nm3The addition of iron scale is 23.8kg/t steel, the addition of pellets is 30.0kg/t steel, and the oxygen consumption is 8.20Nm3The blowing time is 10min, and the semi-steel containing Cu and Ni obtained by the vanadium extraction process comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: 3.90wt%, Cu: 0.56wt%, Ni: 0.25wt%, Si: 0.005wt%, Mn: 0.035wt%, V: 0.015wt%, Ti: 0.005wt% and the semisteel temperature is 1400 ℃;
(2) preparation of initial weathering steel: the semisteel containing Cu and Ni obtained in the vanadium extraction process is loaded into a steel-making converter for smelting, the loading amounts of molten iron and scrap steel are 164.5t and 21.4t respectively, and the scrap steel ratio is 13%; in the blowing process, the whole process of the converter is bottom blown with argon, and the flow rate of the bottom blown argon is 500Nm3The addition amount of lime is 25.0kg/t steel, the addition amount of light-burned dolomite is 20.0kg/t steel, and the oxygen consumption amount is 45.0Nm3Steel/t, adding 0.24kg/t of waste copper broken material, 0.35kg/t of nickel plate, 2.34kg/t of ferrosilicon, 6.39kg/t of silicon-manganese alloy, 1.17kg/t of table aluminum, 6.28kg/t of low-carbon ferrochrome, 2.03kg/t of ferrophosphorus and 0kg/t of low-nitrogen carburant during tapping, and obtaining the qualified initial weathering steel containing Cu and Ni, wherein the chemical components and contents are as follows: c: 0.09wt%, Si: 0.45wt%, Mn: 0.50wt%, P: 0.10wt%, S: 0.30wt%, Als: 0.040wt%, Ni: 0.30wt%, Cu: 0.55wt%, Cr: 0.45wt%, the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities;
(3) smelting weathering steel: hoisting the initial weathering steel obtained by smelting in the converter to LF for impurity removal and component fine adjustment to obtain the weathering steel meeting the target component requirements, wherein the target weathering steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.10wt%, Si: 0.50wt%, Mn: 0.55wt%, P: 0.11wt%, S: 0.015wt%, Als: 0.040wt%, Ni: 0.30wt%, Cu: 0.55wt%, Cr: 0.45wt%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
In the embodiment, the waste copper and nickel plates are used as the vanadium extracting cooling agent to smelt the weathering steel, so that the comprehensive steelmaking cost is reduced by 52.86 yuan/t.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and it is intended to cover in the claims the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for using waste copper and nickel plates as a vanadium extracting coolant and smelting weathering steel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) extracting vanadium from molten iron containing vanadium and titanium: loading vanadium-titanium-containing molten iron, waste copper and a nickel plate into a vanadium extraction converter, adding a waste copper packing material and the nickel plate into the converter for preheating according to different Cu and Ni contents of the smelted target weathering steel, wherein the adding amount of the waste copper packing material is 2.0-5.6kg/t steel, the adding amount of the nickel plate is less than or equal to 6.5kg/t steel, and then adding molten iron; in the blowing process, the addition of iron scale is 13.5-23.8kg/t steel, the addition of pellets is 15.0-30.0 kg/t steel, the lance position of an oxygen lance is 1.2-1.4m, and the oxygen consumption is 4.50-8.20Nm3The flow rate of bottom-blown nitrogen is 90-130Nm3Blowing for 6-10min to obtain semi-steel containing Cu and Ni through the vanadium extraction process;
(2) preparation of initial weathering steel: the semisteel containing Cu and Ni is loaded into a steelmaking converter for smelting, the addition amount of scrap steel is 8-13% of the semisteel, the addition amount of lime is 15.0-25.0kg/t of the semisteel, the addition amount of light-burned dolomite is 10.0-20.0kg/t of the semisteel, and the oxygen consumption is 30.0-45.0Nm3Steel,/t; in the blowing process, the bottom blowing argon is blown in the whole process of the converter, and the flow rate of the bottom blowing argon is 280-500 Nm3H; according to different target components and grades of smelted weathering steel, the tapping end point temperature of the steel-making converter is controlled at 1630-Adjusting Cu and Ni components in the weathering steel by adopting waste copper crushing material particles and a nickel plate to obtain initial weathering steel with qualified Cu and Ni components;
(3) smelting weathering steel: and (3) transferring the initial weathering steel with qualified Cu and Ni components to an LF furnace for impurity removal and component fine adjustment to obtain the weathering steel meeting the target component requirements.
2. The method for extracting vanadium and smelting weathering steel by using the waste copper and nickel plates as the vanadium extracting coolant according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the molten vanadium-titanium-containing iron comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 4.05-4.95%, P: 0.100-0.200%, Si: 0.05 to 0.20%, Mn: 0.23-0.32%, S: 0.030 to 0.050%, V: 0.160-0.210%, Ti: 0.040-0.120%, the rest is Fe and inevitable impurities.
3. The method for using the waste copper and the nickel plate as the vanadium extraction coolant and smelting the weathering steel according to the claim 1, characterized in that in the steps (1) and (2), the waste copper packaging material and the waste copper crushing material particles are waste copper obtained by removing the insulating sheath of the waste copper cable, the Cu content in both waste copper is more than or equal to 99.5wt%, and the balance is unavoidable impurities; the volume of the waste copper packaging material is 500 multiplied by 150mm, and the weight is 48-52 kg/bag; the diameter of the waste copper crushed material particles is 5-10mm, and the length is 50-150 mm; the technical indexes of the nickel plate are as follows: more than or equal to 99.5wt% of Ni, and the balance of inevitable impurity elements.
4. The method for smelting weathering steel using scrap copper and nickel plates as vanadium extraction coolant according to any of claims 1-3, wherein in step (1), the technical index of iron scale is as follows: TFe not less than 71.0wt%, H2O≤1.0wt%，CaO≤0.8wt%，SiO2Less than or equal to 0.7wt percent and the granularity of 35-55 mm; the technical indexes of the pellet are as follows: TFe not less than 60.0wt%, FeO not more than 1.0wt%, H2O≤0.2wt%，CaO≤1.5wt%，SiO2Less than or equal to 5.0wt percent and the granularity of 8-12 mm.
5. The method for smelting weathering steel by using the scrap copper and nickel plates as the vanadium extraction coolant according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the Cu and Ni-containing semisteel in the step (1) comprises the following main chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 3.30-3.90wt%, Cu: 0.21-0.56wt%, Ni less than or equal to 0.65wt%, Si less than or equal to 0.010wt%, Mn less than or equal to 0.070wt%, V less than or equal to 0.030wt%, and Ti less than or equal to 0.008 wt%; the temperature of the semisteel is 1330-1400 ℃.
6. The method for extracting vanadium from steel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the step (2), lime is defined as the following technical indexes: CaO + MgO is greater than or equal to 86.0wt%, CaO is greater than or equal to 81.0wt%, SiO2Less than or equal to 3.0wt%, P less than or equal to 0.05wt%, S less than or equal to 0.05wt%, activity greater than or equal to 300ml, and granularity of 30-60 mm.
7. The method for using the scrap copper and nickel plates as the vanadium extraction coolant and smelting the weathering steel according to any of claims 1-3, wherein in the step (2), the technical indexes of the light burned dolomite are MgO equal to or more than 29.0wt%, CaO equal to or more than 41.0wt%, S equal to or less than 0.05wt%, and the granularity is 15-30 mm.
8. The method for using the scrap copper and nickel plates as the vanadium extracting coolant and smelting the weathering steel according to any of the claims 1 to 3, wherein in the step (2), the chemical composition and content of the ferrosilicon are as follows: more than or equal to 17.0wt% of Si, more than or equal to 65wt% of Mn, less than or equal to 2.0wt% of C, less than or equal to 0.15wt% of P, less than or equal to 0.04wt% of S, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements;
the silicon-manganese alloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: more than or equal to 72.0wt% of Si, less than or equal to 0.05wt% of P, less than or equal to 0.03wt% of S, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements;
the Tai-Al comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: more than or equal to 99.5wt% of Al, and the balance of inevitable impurity elements;
the low-carbon ferrochrome comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: gr: 63.0 to 75.0 weight percent, less than or equal to 0.50 weight percent of C, less than or equal to 1.50 weight percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.03 weight percent of P, less than or equal to 0.025 weight percent of S, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements;
the ferrophosphorus comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: p: 23.0 to 25.0 weight percent of Fe and inevitable impurity elements, less than or equal to 3.0 weight percent of Si, less than or equal to 1.0 weight percent of C, less than or equal to 0.5 weight percent of S, less than or equal to 2.0 weight percent of Mn and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements;
the low-nitrogen carburant comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: more than or equal to 98.0wt percent of C, less than or equal to 0.025wt percent of N, and the balance of inevitable impurity elements.
9. The method for extracting vanadium from waste copper and nickel plates and smelting weathering steel according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the chemical composition and content of the initial weathering steel in step (2) are as follows: c: 0.06-0.09wt%, Si: 0.25-0.45wt%, P: 0.07 to 0.100wt%, Mn: 0.40-0.50wt%, S is less than or equal to 0.035wt%, Als: 0.005-0.040wt%, Ni: 0.10 to 0.30wt%, Cu: 0.25-0.55wt%, Cr: 0.35-0.45wt%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
10. The method for using the waste copper and nickel plates as the vanadium extracting coolant and smelting the weathering steel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the step (3), the chemical composition and content of the target weathering steel product are as follows: c: 0.07 to 0.10wt%, Si: 0.30-0.50wt%, P: 0.07 to 0.11wt%, Mn: 0.45-0.55wt%, S is less than or equal to 0.025wt%, Als: 0.010-0.040wt%, Ni: 0.10 to 0.30wt%, Cu: 0.25-0.55wt%, Cr: 0.35-0.45wt%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
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| CN111206181B (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2021-06-04 | 钢铁研究总院 | Smelting method of alloy steel containing phosphorus and copper |
| CN113088789A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-07-09 | 河钢股份有限公司承德分公司 | Method for smelting nickel-containing steel by using nickel-containing pig iron |
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