CN108821801A - The technique of gangue preparation Water-soluble silicon fertilizer - Google Patents
The technique of gangue preparation Water-soluble silicon fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN108821801A CN108821801A CN201811042455.4A CN201811042455A CN108821801A CN 108821801 A CN108821801 A CN 108821801A CN 201811042455 A CN201811042455 A CN 201811042455A CN 108821801 A CN108821801 A CN 108821801A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/20—Silicates
- C01B33/32—Alkali metal silicates
Abstract
A kind of technique of gangue preparation Water-soluble silicon fertilizer, step include：A. coal shale in brick making is subjected to mechanical activation；B. gangue powder is subjected to high-temperature roasting and cooling；C. gangue active slag is subjected to acidleach；D. it is dried after thick silicon powder being cleaned；E. the thick silicon powder of siccative and soda ash are mixed and fed into high-temperature smelting pot；F. melting sodium silicate salt is subjected to water quenching；G. vitreum clinker is passed through steam while hot to dissolve by heating, by settling, being concentrated to get waterglass；H. waterglass is concentrated in vacuo and is dehydrated, and be spray-dried, to obtain water-soluble high-efficient siliceous fertilizer.Invention purifies silicone content by the process using active coal gangue, then improves silicone content again by acidleach process, so that coal gangue powder is become silicon dioxide powder, obtains high-quality water soluble siliceous fertilizer.Effective silicon (in terms of silica) of the Water-soluble silicon fertilizer can effectively increase agricultural output more than 50%, increase full grains degree, increase degree resistant to lodging.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to Technology of Comprehensive Utilization of Coal Gangue field, especially a kind of work of gangue preparation Water-soluble silicon fertilizer
Skill.
【Background technique】
Currently, gangue is one of China's annual emissions and the maximum industrial solid castoff of accumulative volume of cargo in storage.Gangue
It is the rock mixed in coalification course with the organic compound of coal co-deposition and inorganic compound, is coal mining
The blocky waste separated during process or coal are succinct.Gangue discharge amount accounts for about the 10% of coal production, China
Annual discharge gangue of mining is about 100,000,000 t, and about 0.7 hundred million t are discharged in washing process, add up to annual 1.7 hundred million t of gangue discharge amount.
The stockpiling of a large amount of gangues, has caused the environmental problems such as serious soil, underground water, ambient air, the reasonable place of gangue
It manages extremely urgent.
The product quality of siliceous fertilizer depends primarily on raw material and technique used, and Japan proposes, effective titanium dioxide in siliceous fertilizer
Silicone content should be greater than 20%, and calcium and magnesium total amount are greater than 35%, especially the efficient oxidation magnesium and are greater than 3.5%；Korea then requires, effectively
Dioxide-containing silica is greater than 15%, and the efficient oxidation calcium and magnesia are total greater than 30%, moisture 14%~16%.But this two
In a country, silicate slag and mineral lower than above-mentioned requirements are also being used.China there is no unified siliceous fertilizer country to mark at present, respectively
A manufacturer formulates the company standard of siliceous fertilizer product according to oneself raw material and technique, examines subject to the departments for supervision over product quality
It criticizes and is executed after putting on record.Nineteen ninety, Nanjing chemical company formulated the company standard of yellow phosphorus furnace slag siliceous fertilizer, Guangxi Phosphate Chemical Plant
The tentative standard of siliceous fertilizer is formulated.In May, 1999, Henan Bureau of Technical Supervision discloses is drafted by technical engineering center of Henan Province
Provincial place siliceous fertilizer standard.The Ministry of Agriculture has promulgated siliceous fertilizer standard within 2004《Siliceous fertilizer Ministry of Agriculture professional standard (NY/T797-2004》,
Wherein " effective silicon (in terms of silica) content >=20.0%, moisture content≤3.0%, fineness (pass through 250 mesh μm to mark for requirement
Quasi- sieve) >=80% ".
Water-soluble silicon fertilizer is also referred to as efficient siliceous fertilizer, is dissolved in water entirely, has quick-acting, available nutrient content height, freight low, square
Just the features such as peasant's use, unit cultivated area dosage few (10kg or less per acre), finished product main component is：Cross sodium disilicate,
The mixture of sodium metasilicate, chemical formula Na2O·nSiO2.White powder crystallization, effective component containing water-soluble silicon nutrient
(with SiO2Meter) it is up to 50% or more, Toxic is free of, it is pollution-free with crop to environment.And gangue is that a kind of yield is huge
Solid waste, to mitigate environmental pollution, the comprehensive utilization of gangue is preferred approach.Gangue produces the same of Water-soluble silicon fertilizer
When be able to solve China's Water-soluble silicon fertilizer and lack serious, huge two problems of the gangue amount of dumping.
【Summary of the invention】
Purport is in solving deficiency in the prior art, and the present invention provides a kind of works that Water-soluble silicon fertilizer is prepared by gangue
The Water-soluble silicon fertilizer that effective silicon (in terms of silica) is more than 50% can be obtained in skill, and by-product aluminum salt solution is in good
Between product, can be used to produce various aluminium salt products, not dump object generation, solve me while high-quality siliceous fertilizer is provided
The huge problem of state's gangue capacity.
Technical program of the present invention lies in a kind of gangue prepares the technique of Water-soluble silicon fertilizer, and step includes：
A. coal shale in brick making is subjected to mechanical activation, to obtain：
Gangue powder；
B. gangue powder is subjected to high-temperature roasting and cooling, to obtain：
Gangue active slag；
C. gangue active slag is subjected to acidleach to obtain：
Thick silicon powder, and
Aluminum salt solution；
D. it is dried after thick silicon powder being cleaned, to obtain
The thick silicon powder of siccative；
E. the thick silicon powder of siccative and soda ash are mixed and fed into high-temperature smelting pot, to obtain：
Melt sodium silicate salt；
F. melting sodium silicate salt is subjected to water quenching, to obtain
Vitreum clinker；
G. vitreum clinker is passed through steam while hot to dissolve by heating, by settling, being concentrated to get waterglass；
H. waterglass is concentrated in vacuo and is dehydrated, and be spray-dried, to obtain
Water-soluble high-efficient siliceous fertilizer.
The composition of national gangue is different, but dioxide-containing silica is maximum in its internal content, more than 45%, followed by oxygen
Change aluminium, loss on ignition is 20% or more.After high-temperature roasting, the content of silica can be further increased.Following table content can
Using as reference, composition difference does not influence the practical application of this technique patent.
Table one, coal shale in brick making percentage composition
Table two, the gangue active slag percentage composition after roasting
| Silica | Aluminum oxide | Di-iron trioxide | Calcium oxide | Magnesia | It is total |
| (SiO2) | (Al2O3) | (Fe2O3) | (CaO) | (MgO) | |
| 63.33 | 26.67 | 8.40 | 0.97 | 0.63 | 100 |
Raw material gangue process is dry and broken, becomes powdered (1mm~3mm granularity) raw material, into roaster high temperature
Activation changes internal crystal phase structure, can be easily separated silica and aluminium oxide.The activated coal gangue powder for changing crystal phase is sent into acid
Reaction kettle is soaked, by sufficiently reacting, aluminium ion solution and silica silicon powder are obtained, after silicon powder is dried, with soda ash by chemistry
Metering ratio is mixed into high temperature smelting furnace, obtains the sodium silicate salt under molten condition, vitreum clinker is obtained after water quenching,
Steam heating for dissolving is passed through while hot again, by settling, being concentrated to get waterglass.Again using waterglass as raw material, it is concentrated in vacuo
Dehydration, using spray drying, obtains powdered crystalline, is water-soluble high-efficient siliceous fertilizer.
In a specific embodiment, step A includes：
A1. coal shale in brick making progress level-one is crushed, to obtain gangue particle of the granularity between 30mm~50mm；
A2. preheating is dried in gangue particle, to obtain the drying gangue particle that moisture content is lower than 1%；
A3. dry gangue particle is subjected to two-stage crushing, to obtain the gangue powder that granularity is not more than 3mm.
In a specific embodiment, in step B, the temperature of high-temperature roasting is between 600 DEG C~800 DEG C.
In a specific embodiment, in step B, the time of high-temperature roasting is 1.5~2 hours.
In a specific embodiment, in step B, the gangue active slag after high-temperature roasting is cooled to 60 DEG C or less.
In a specific embodiment, in step C, the acid that the acidleach uses is hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid.
In a specific embodiment, in step E, the temperature in the high-temperature smelting pot is controlled at 1150 DEG C~1420 DEG C.
A kind of device of technique that implementing claim 1, the device include：
Pulverizer 1, for being crushed coal shale in brick making progress level-one to form gangue particle；
Preheater 2 obtains gangue particle from pulverizer and preheating is dried to form dry gangue particle；
Ball mill 3 obtains dry gangue particle from preheater and carries out two-stage crushing to form gangue powder；
Roaster 4 obtains gangue powder from ball mill and carries out high-temperature activation, obtains gangue active slag；
Cooler 5 obtains gangue active slag from roaster, and is cooled to 60 DEG C or less；
Acidleach kettle 6 obtains gangue active slag from cooler and carries out acidleach, obtains aluminum salt solution and thick silicon powder；
Pond 7 is dried, thick silicon powder is obtained from acidleach kettle and is dried, obtain the thick silicon powder of siccative；
Mixing tank 8 obtains the thick silicon powder of siccative from pond is dried, and then mixes with soda ash；
High temperature smelting furnace 9, the thick silicon powder of siccative for obtaining blending soda ash from mixing tank carries out high-temperature fusion, to obtain molten silicon
Acid sodium-salt；
Water quenching pool 10 obtains melting sodium silicate salt from high temperature smelting furnace and carries out water quenching, and is passed through steam heating for dissolving while hot,
By settling, being concentrated to get waterglass；
Vacuum decker 11 obtains waterglass from water quenching pool and carries out vacuum concentration dehydration；
Spray dryer 12 obtains dewatered waterglass from vacuum drying agent and is spray-dried, obtains high water solubility
Imitate siliceous fertilizer.
The present invention solves the technical issues of how providing a kind of technique that Water-soluble silicon fertilizer is prepared by gangue.This hair
The bright process by using active coal gangue purifies silicone content, then improves silicone content again by acidleach process, makes gangue
Powder becomes silicon dioxide powder, finally obtains the Water-soluble silicon fertilizer of high-quality.Effective silicon of the Water-soluble silicon fertilizer is (with silica
Meter) more than 50%, agricultural output can be effectively increased, increases full grains degree, increases degree resistant to lodging.By-product aluminium in technique
Salting liquid is good intermediate products, can be used to produce various aluminium salt products, such gangue is thoroughly utilized, do not dumped
Object generates, and substantially increases the use value of gangue.And gangue is a kind of huge solid waste of yield, as
Environmental pressure can be effectively relieved in the raw material of preparation Water-soluble silicon fertilizer.
【Detailed description of the invention】
Fig. 1 is process structure block diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the device of the invention structural block diagram；
Fig. 3 is process flow chart of the invention.
In figure：Pulverizer~1；Preheater~2；Ball mill~3；Roaster~4；Cooler~5；Acidleach kettle~6；It dries
Pond~7；Mixing tank~8；High temperature smelting furnace~9；Water quenching pool~10；Vacuum decker~11；Spray dryer~12；
【Specific embodiment】
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
It should know, it is concept in contrast that high temperature described in the present embodiment, which is with low temperature, unless explicitly defined otherwise
The numerical value of temperature, otherwise does not cause to limit to protection scope of the present invention, and high temperature of the invention is those skilled in the art's knot
Close technical solution can specify the errorless effect for knowing its relative concept played in technical principle, should not from protection scope whether
Specific angle goes to understand.
Referring to fig. 2, specific embodiment discloses a kind of device that Water-soluble silicon fertilizer is prepared by gangue comprising:
Pulverizer 1, for being crushed coal shale in brick making progress level-one to form gangue particle；
Preheater 2 obtains gangue particle from pulverizer and preheating is dried to form dry gangue particle；
Ball mill 3 obtains dry gangue particle from preheater and carries out two-stage crushing to form gangue powder；
Roaster 4 obtains gangue powder from ball mill and carries out high-temperature activation, obtains gangue active slag；
Cooler 5 obtains gangue active slag from roaster, and is cooled to 60 DEG C or less；
Acidleach kettle 6 obtains gangue active slag from cooler and carries out acidleach, obtains aluminum salt solution and thick silicon powder；
Pond 7 is dried, thick silicon powder is obtained from acidleach kettle and is dried, obtain the thick silicon powder of siccative；
Mixing tank 8 obtains the thick silicon powder of siccative from pond is dried, and then mixes with soda ash；
High temperature smelting furnace 9, the thick silicon powder of siccative for obtaining blending soda ash from mixing tank carries out high-temperature fusion, to obtain molten silicon
Acid sodium-salt；
Water quenching pool 10 obtains melting sodium silicate salt from high temperature smelting furnace and carries out water quenching, and is passed through steam heating for dissolving while hot,
By settling, being concentrated to get waterglass；
Vacuum decker 11 obtains waterglass from water quenching pool and carries out vacuum concentration dehydration；
Spray dryer 12 obtains dewatered waterglass from vacuum decker and is spray-dried, obtains high water solubility
Imitate siliceous fertilizer.
It is understood that the relationship between above-mentioned each component be mainly material between the components positional relationship turn
Move, described device can be the device of integral type, can also with the independent device of each section, acquisition described in the present embodiment, acquisition,
It is sent into, addition can be understood as technical staff and actively take so that material positional relationship generates the movement of transfer, it is understood that
To make the material position between each component generate the connection relationship shifted by the automations mode such as conveyer belt, pipeline, manipulator.
Therefore above-mentioned each component can be there are direct connection relationship, and direct connection relationship can also be not present, should be with each portion
Part effect played in process flow of the invention specifically understands.
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, device disclosed in present embodiment is used to realize following technique：
Embodiment one
A kind of technique of gangue preparation Water-soluble silicon fertilizer of the present embodiment, step include：
Its step includes：
A. coal shale in brick making is subjected to mechanical activation, to obtain：
Gangue powder；
Specifically, the drying and preheating processing is using gangue wide cut preheating technology：The coal that mining area exploitation is come out
Spoil is transported to scene, and after being tentatively crushed, into revolution preheater, the moisture content of gangue is dropped to 1% or less.Use machine
The mode of tool upsets the crystal habit of original rock internal oxidition silicon, improves the solubility of silicon in gangue, fine powder at this moment is
Has the function of soil improvement, but solubility in citric acid silicone content is no more than 5%, needs further to activate.
Specifically, the step A includes：
A1. coal shale in brick making progress level-one is crushed, to obtain gangue particle of the granularity between 30mm~50mm, this reality
It applies in example, the granularity for obtaining coal ore is 30mm；
Wherein, the level-one is crushed carries out in pulverizer 1, and the pulverizer 1 uses machinery common in the art
Formula pulverizer, this implementation is using jaw crusher.It generates distortion of lattice by applying mechanical pressure to coal shale in brick making
And local failure, and various defects are formed, cause to increase in it, reactivity enhancing belongs to a link of mechanical activation.
A2. preheating is dried in gangue particle, to obtain the drying gangue particle that moisture content is lower than 1%；
Wherein, the reacting environment of the drying and preheating is preheater, and preheater can be adopted by specific material physical parameter
It takes inversely into hot fume, preheating material can also be carried out in the same direction into hot fume.
A3. dry gangue particle is subjected to two-stage crushing, to obtain the gangue powder that granularity is not more than 3mm.
Wherein, the place of the two-stage crushing is flour mill, and aqueous 1% material of being lower than exported from preheater is sent
Enter flour mill 3 further to crush, generates more serious distortion of lattice drawn game by applying mechanical pressure to dry gangue particle
Portion destroys, and forms further disadvantage, causes to continue to increase in it, and reactivity enhancing belongs to the another of mechanical activation
A link.
B. gangue powder is subjected to high-temperature roasting and cooling, to obtain：
Gangue active slag；
Specifically, gangue powder enters roaster high-temperature roasting, and between 600 DEG C~800 DEG C, material stops in-furnace temperature
It stays 1.5~2 hours, in the present embodiment, in-furnace temperature is controlled at 600 DEG C, and residence time of material 1.5 hours, dioxy occurs at this time
The crystal phase of SiClx changes, and can be easily separated with aluminium oxide, while ferrous salt is also oxidized to molysite.By the volatile matter inside gangue
It is burning-out, silicon accounting is increased substantially, while solid state reaction occurs, the stabilization crystalline state inside original gangue is changed into
Unstable crystalline state.
Wherein, the gangue powder after high-temperature roasting is cooled to 60 DEG C hereinafter, in the present embodiment in cooler, cools down
Control is at 60 DEG C.
C. gangue active slag is subjected to acidleach to obtain：
Thick silicon powder, and
Aluminum salt solution；
Specifically, 60 DEG C of slags activated below are cooled to and enter acidleach kettle, is reacted with strong acid such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, obtains aluminium salt
Solution and insoluble in acid thick silicon powder.
Wherein, aluminum salt solution is good intermediate products, can be used to produce various aluminium salt products.Gangue is thorough in this way
Bottom utilizes, and does not dump object generation.
D. it is dried after thick silicon powder being cleaned, to obtain
The thick silicon powder of siccative；
Specifically, it is discharged into after thick silicon powder being cleaned and dries pond, obtain the thick silicon powder of the low siccative of water content, in the thick silicon powder of siccative
95% or more is silica.
E. the thick silicon powder of siccative and soda ash are mixed and fed into high-temperature smelting pot, to obtain：
Melt sodium silicate salt；
Specifically, the thick silicon powder of siccative and soda ash carry out frit reaction in high-temperature smelting pot, between 1150 DEG C~1420 DEG C
Molten condition is formed, is chemically reacted, melting high-temp liquid flows downwardly into water quenching pool along furnace inner wall, becomes by water quenching
Vitreum solid slag.In the present embodiment, the temperature of high-temperature smelting pot is controlled at 1150 DEG C.
F. melting sodium silicate salt is subjected to water quenching, to obtain
Vitreum clinker；
G. vitreum clinker is passed through steam while hot to dissolve by heating, by settling, being concentrated to get waterglass；
H. waterglass is concentrated in vacuo and is dehydrated, and be spray-dried, to obtain
Water-soluble high-efficient siliceous fertilizer.
Specifically, waterglass vacuum concentration dehydration is carried out in vacuum decker, spray drying in spray dryer into
Row.
Embodiment two
A kind of technique of gangue preparation Water-soluble silicon fertilizer of the present embodiment, step include：
Its step includes：
A. coal shale in brick making is subjected to mechanical activation, to obtain：
Gangue powder；
Specifically, the drying and preheating processing is using gangue wide cut preheating technology：The coal that mining area exploitation is come out
Spoil is transported to scene, and after being tentatively crushed, into revolution preheater, the moisture content of gangue is dropped to 1% or less.Use machine
The mode of tool upsets the crystal habit of original rock internal oxidition silicon, improves the solubility of silicon in gangue, fine powder at this moment is
Has the function of soil improvement, but solubility in citric acid silicone content is no more than 5%, needs further to activate.
Specifically, the step A includes：
A1. coal shale in brick making progress level-one is crushed, to obtain gangue particle of the granularity between 30mm~50mm, this reality
It applies in example, the granularity for obtaining coal ore is 40mm；
Wherein, the level-one is crushed carries out in pulverizer 1, and the pulverizer 1 uses machinery common in the art
Formula pulverizer, this implementation is using jaw crusher.It generates distortion of lattice by applying mechanical pressure to coal shale in brick making
And local failure, and various defects are formed, cause to increase in it, reactivity enhancing belongs to a link of mechanical activation.
A2. preheating is dried in gangue particle, to obtain the drying gangue particle that moisture content is lower than 1%；
Wherein, the reacting environment of the drying and preheating is preheater, and preheater can be adopted by specific material physical parameter
It takes inversely into hot fume, preheating material can also be carried out in the same direction into hot fume.
A3. dry gangue particle is subjected to two-stage crushing, to obtain the gangue powder that granularity is not more than 3mm.
Wherein, the place of the two-stage crushing is flour mill, and aqueous 1% material of being lower than exported from preheater is sent
Enter flour mill 3 further to crush, generates more serious distortion of lattice drawn game by applying mechanical pressure to dry gangue particle
Portion destroys, and forms further disadvantage, causes to continue to increase in it, and reactivity enhancing belongs to the another of mechanical activation
A link.
B. gangue powder is subjected to high-temperature roasting and cooling, to obtain：
Gangue active slag；
Specifically, gangue powder enters roaster high-temperature roasting, and between 600 DEG C~800 DEG C, material stops in-furnace temperature
It stays 1.5~2 hours, in the present embodiment, in-furnace temperature is controlled at 700 DEG C, and residence time of material 1.85 hours, dioxy occurs at this time
The crystal phase of SiClx changes, and can be easily separated with aluminium oxide, while ferrous salt is also oxidized to molysite.By the volatile matter inside gangue
It is burning-out, silicon accounting is increased substantially, while solid state reaction occurs, the stabilization crystalline state inside original gangue is changed into
Unstable crystalline state.
Wherein, the gangue powder after high-temperature roasting is cooled to 60 DEG C hereinafter, in the present embodiment in cooler, cools down
Control is at 50 DEG C.
C. gangue active slag is subjected to acidleach to obtain：
Thick silicon powder, and
Aluminum salt solution；
Specifically, 60 DEG C of slags activated below are cooled to and enter acidleach kettle, is reacted with strong acid such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, obtains aluminium salt
Solution and insoluble in acid thick silicon powder.
Wherein, aluminum salt solution is good intermediate products, can be used to produce various aluminium salt products.Gangue is thorough in this way
Bottom utilizes, and does not dump object generation.
D. it is dried after thick silicon powder being cleaned, to obtain
The thick silicon powder of siccative；
Specifically, it is discharged into after thick silicon powder being cleaned and dries pond, obtain the thick silicon powder of the low siccative of water content, in the thick silicon powder of siccative
95% or more is silica.
E. the thick silicon powder of siccative and soda ash are mixed and fed into high-temperature smelting pot, to obtain：
Melt sodium silicate salt；
Specifically, the thick silicon powder of siccative and soda ash carry out frit reaction in high-temperature smelting pot, between 1150 DEG C~1420 DEG C
Molten condition is formed, is chemically reacted, melting high-temp liquid flows downwardly into water quenching pool along furnace inner wall, becomes by water quenching
Vitreum solid slag.In the present embodiment, the temperature of high-temperature smelting pot is controlled at 1300 DEG C.
F. melting sodium silicate salt is subjected to water quenching, to obtain
Vitreum clinker；
G. vitreum clinker is passed through steam while hot to dissolve by heating, by settling, being concentrated to get waterglass；
H. waterglass is concentrated in vacuo and is dehydrated, and be spray-dried, to obtain
Water-soluble high-efficient siliceous fertilizer.
Specifically, waterglass vacuum concentration dehydration is carried out in vacuum decker, spray drying in spray dryer into
Row.
Embodiment three
A kind of technique of gangue preparation Water-soluble silicon fertilizer of the present embodiment, step include：
Its step includes：
A. coal shale in brick making is subjected to mechanical activation, to obtain：
Gangue powder；
Specifically, the drying and preheating processing is using gangue wide cut preheating technology：The coal that mining area exploitation is come out
Spoil is transported to scene, and after being tentatively crushed, into revolution preheater, the moisture content of gangue is dropped to 1% or less.Use machine
The mode of tool upsets the crystal habit of original rock internal oxidition silicon, improves the solubility of silicon in gangue, fine powder at this moment is
Has the function of soil improvement, but solubility in citric acid silicone content is no more than 5%, needs further to activate.
Specifically, the step A includes：
A1. coal shale in brick making progress level-one is crushed, to obtain gangue particle of the granularity between 30mm~50mm, this reality
It applies in example, the granularity for obtaining coal ore is 50mm；
Wherein, the level-one is crushed carries out in pulverizer 1, and the pulverizer 1 uses machinery common in the art
Formula pulverizer, this implementation is using jaw crusher.It generates distortion of lattice by applying mechanical pressure to coal shale in brick making
And local failure, and various defects are formed, cause to increase in it, reactivity enhancing belongs to a link of mechanical activation.
A2. preheating is dried in gangue particle, to obtain the drying gangue particle that moisture content is lower than 1%；
Wherein, the reacting environment of the drying and preheating is preheater, and preheater can be adopted by specific material physical parameter
It takes inversely into hot fume, preheating material can also be carried out in the same direction into hot fume.
A3. dry gangue particle is subjected to two-stage crushing, to obtain the gangue powder that granularity is not more than 3mm.
Wherein, the place of the two-stage crushing is flour mill, and aqueous 1% material of being lower than exported from preheater is sent
Enter flour mill 3 further to crush, generates more serious distortion of lattice drawn game by applying mechanical pressure to dry gangue particle
Portion destroys, and forms further disadvantage, causes to continue to increase in it, and reactivity enhancing belongs to the another of mechanical activation
A link.
B. gangue powder is subjected to high-temperature roasting and cooling, to obtain：
Gangue active slag；
Specifically, gangue powder enters roaster high-temperature roasting, and between 600 DEG C~800 DEG C, material stops in-furnace temperature
It stays 1.5~2 hours, in the present embodiment, in-furnace temperature is controlled at 800 DEG C, and residence time of material 2 hours, titanium dioxide occurs at this time
The crystal phase of silicon changes, and can be easily separated with aluminium oxide, while ferrous salt is also oxidized to molysite.Volatile matter inside gangue is burnt
Only, silicon accounting is increased substantially, while solid state reaction occurs, the stabilization crystalline state inside original gangue is changed into not
Stablize crystalline state.
Wherein, the gangue powder after high-temperature roasting is cooled to 60 DEG C hereinafter, in the present embodiment in cooler, cools down
Control is at 40 DEG C.
C. gangue active slag is subjected to acidleach to obtain：
Thick silicon powder, and
Aluminum salt solution；
Specifically, 60 DEG C of slags activated below are cooled to and enter acidleach kettle, is reacted with strong acid such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, obtains aluminium salt
Solution and insoluble in acid thick silicon powder.
Wherein, aluminum salt solution is good intermediate products, can be used to produce various aluminium salt products.Gangue is thorough in this way
Bottom utilizes, and does not dump object generation.
D. it is dried after thick silicon powder being cleaned, to obtain
The thick silicon powder of siccative；
Specifically, it is discharged into after thick silicon powder being cleaned and dries pond, obtain the thick silicon powder of the low siccative of water content, in the thick silicon powder of siccative
95% or more is silica.
E. the thick silicon powder of siccative and soda ash are mixed and fed into high-temperature smelting pot, to obtain：
Melt sodium silicate salt；
Specifically, the thick silicon powder of siccative and soda ash carry out frit reaction in high-temperature smelting pot, between 1150 DEG C~1420 DEG C
Molten condition is formed, is chemically reacted, melting high-temp liquid flows downwardly into water quenching pool along furnace inner wall, becomes by water quenching
Vitreum solid slag.In the present embodiment, the temperature of high-temperature smelting pot is controlled at 1420 DEG C.
F. melting sodium silicate salt is subjected to water quenching, to obtain
Vitreum clinker；
G. vitreum clinker is passed through steam while hot to dissolve by heating, by settling, being concentrated to get waterglass；
H. waterglass is concentrated in vacuo and is dehydrated, and be spray-dried, to obtain
Water-soluble high-efficient siliceous fertilizer.
Specifically, waterglass vacuum concentration dehydration is carried out in vacuum decker, spray drying in spray dryer into
Row.
Thereby, the present invention purifies silicone content by the process using active coal gangue, then is mentioned again by acidleach process
High silicon content makes coal gangue powder become silicon dioxide powder, finally obtains the Water-soluble silicon fertilizer of high-quality.The Water-soluble silicon fertilizer has
Silicon (in terms of silica) is imitated more than 50%, agricultural output can be effectively increased, increases full grains degree, is increased resistant to lodging
Degree.By-product aluminum salt solution in technique is good intermediate products, can be used to produce various aluminium salt products, such gangue quilt
It thoroughly utilizes, does not dump object generation, substantially increase the use value of gangue.And gangue is that a kind of yield is huge solid
Environmental pressure can be effectively relieved as the raw material of preparation Water-soluble silicon fertilizer, so that gangue produces siliceous fertilizer in body waste
It can be able to solve China's siliceous fertilizer simultaneously and lack serious and huge two problems of the gangue amount of dumping.
Described above is only the preferable implementation column of the content of present invention, and appeal specific implementation column are not to the content of present invention
Limitation.In the technical idea scope of the content of present invention, various modifications and modification, the ordinary skill people of all this fields can occur
Retouching, modification or the equivalent replacement that member is made as described above, belong to the range that the content of present invention is protected.In addition, to the greatest extent
It is used some specific terms in pipe this specification, these terms are merely for convenience of description, does not constitute to the present invention
Any restrictions.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of technique of gangue preparation Water-soluble silicon fertilizer, step include：
A. coal shale in brick making is subjected to mechanical activation, to obtain：
Gangue powder；
B. gangue powder is subjected to high-temperature roasting and cooling, to obtain：
Gangue active slag；
C. gangue active slag is subjected to acidleach to obtain：
Thick silicon powder, and
Aluminum salt solution；
D. it is dried after thick silicon powder being cleaned, to obtain
The thick silicon powder of siccative；
E. the thick silicon powder of siccative and soda ash are mixed and fed into high-temperature smelting pot, to obtain：
Melt sodium silicate salt；
F. melting sodium silicate salt is subjected to water quenching, to obtain
Vitreum clinker；
G. vitreum clinker is passed through steam while hot to dissolve by heating, by settling, being concentrated to get waterglass；
H. waterglass is concentrated in vacuo and is dehydrated, and be spray-dried, to obtain
Water-soluble high-efficient siliceous fertilizer.
2. technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step A includes：
A1. coal shale in brick making progress level-one is crushed, to obtain gangue particle of the granularity between 30mm~50mm；
A2. preheating is dried in gangue particle, to obtain the drying gangue particle that moisture content is lower than 1%；
A3. dry gangue particle is subjected to two-stage crushing, to obtain the gangue powder that granularity is not more than 3mm.
3. technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step B, the temperature of high-temperature roasting is between 600 DEG C~800 DEG C.
4. technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step B, the time of high-temperature roasting is 1.5~2 hours.
5. technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step B, the gangue active slag after high-temperature roasting is cooled to 60
DEG C or less.
6. technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step C, the acid that the acidleach uses is hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid.
7. technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step E, the temperature in the high-temperature smelting pot is controlled at 1150 DEG C
~1420 DEG C.
8. a kind of device for the technique for implementing claim 1, the device include：
Pulverizer (1), for being crushed coal shale in brick making progress level-one to form gangue particle；
Preheater (2) obtains gangue particle from pulverizer and preheating is dried to form dry gangue particle；
Ball mill (3) obtains dry gangue particle from preheater and carries out two-stage crushing to form gangue powder；
Roaster (4) obtains gangue powder from ball mill and carries out high-temperature roasting, obtains gangue active slag；
Cooler (5) obtains gangue active slag from roaster, and is cooled to 60 DEG C or less；
Acidleach kettle (6) obtains gangue active slag from cooler and carries out acidleach, obtains aluminum salt solution and thick silicon powder；
Pond (7) are dried, thick silicon powder is obtained from acidleach kettle and is dried, obtain the thick silicon powder of siccative；
Mixing tank (8) obtains the thick silicon powder of siccative from pond is dried, and then mixes with soda ash；
High temperature smelting furnace (9), the thick silicon powder of siccative for obtaining blending soda ash from mixing tank carries out high-temperature fusion, to obtain melting silicic acid
Sodium salt；
Water quenching pool (10) obtains melting sodium silicate salt from high temperature smelting furnace and carries out water quenching, and is passed through steam heating for dissolving, warp while hot
It crosses and settles, is concentrated to get waterglass；
Vacuum decker (11) obtains waterglass from water quenching pool and carries out vacuum concentration dehydration；
Spray dryer (12) obtains dewatered waterglass from vacuum drying agent and is spray-dried, obtains water-soluble high-efficient
Siliceous fertilizer.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109438116A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-08 | 山西大学 | A method of soil conditioner is prepared using gangue and plant ash modification |
| CN114132939A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-03-04 | 江西省矿产资源保障服务中心 | Method for producing white carbon black by using silicon-implanted silicon ore |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109438116A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-08 | 山西大学 | A method of soil conditioner is prepared using gangue and plant ash modification |
| CN109438116B (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2022-01-07 | 山西大学 | Method for preparing soil conditioner by modifying coal gangue and plant ash |
| CN114132939A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-03-04 | 江西省矿产资源保障服务中心 | Method for producing white carbon black by using silicon-implanted silicon ore |
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Application publication date: 20181116 |