CN108817963B - Multi-shaft drilling, chamfering and tapping system and machining method applying same - Google Patents
Multi-shaft drilling, chamfering and tapping system and machining method applying same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-shaft drilling, chamfering and tapping system, which comprises a drilling and processing unit, a chamfering and processing unit and a tapping and processing unit, wherein the drilling and processing unit is used for drilling holes on the surfaces of workpieces; the tapping processing unit comprises an upper tapping processing unit and a side tapping processing unit, and the upper tapping processing unit and the upper chamfering processing unit are integrated on the same equipment; the feeding strokes of the side tapping processing unit and the upper tapping processing unit are staggered, and the bottom of the side tapping processing unit is provided with a moving seat which can move around the upper tapping processing unit; the machining system is reasonably formed by utilizing manual machinery, is suitable for drilling, chamfering and tapping of various workpieces, can reduce production cost and improve production efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machine tool machining, in particular to a multi-shaft drilling, chamfering and tapping system and a machining method applying the system.
Background
In the field of mechanical manufacturing, in the multi-hole and multi-azimuth drilling and tapping machining process of a workpiece, multiple times of clamping machining is generally needed, or a high-grade numerical control machine tool is adopted for machining, but equipment of the high-grade numerical control machine tool is very expensive, a professional engineer is also needed to be equipped, and the machining cost is high.
In the publication of the invention patent with the publication number of CN103128555A automatic multi-process drilling and tapping integrated machine, the drilling and tapping integrated equipment is disclosed, a plurality of automatic drilling machines and tapping machines are integrated on one equipment, and drilling and tapping can be completed on one equipment. Although the mechanism can complete drilling and tapping by only one-time clamping, the stations are switched by adopting a workpiece rotating mode, and a drilling machine and a tapping machine are annularly arranged, so that the processing of a vertical hole on a large-plane workpiece cannot be met; and when the sizes and the positions of the holes to be drilled are irregularly arranged on the workpiece with the complex processing profile or the processing surface, the deflection angle of the index plate can be obtained by complex calculation. The application range is small and the use is complex.
In fact, in the process of machining many workpieces (for example, in the process of manufacturing dies), because the sizes of parts are changed continuously according to products and the depths of drilling and tapping are irregular, the numerical control machine tool is difficult to complete each machining action automatically, and still needs people to switch tool bits or correct and the like, and the manual machining is directly utilized, the overall efficiency is higher than that of the numerical control machine tool, and the cost is lower. Considering that most of domestic small and medium-sized processing plants cannot completely realize automatic production, how to reasonably utilize manual machinery to control production cost in the automatic processing era to achieve higher production efficiency becomes a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a multi-shaft drilling, chamfering and tapping system, which reasonably utilizes a manual machine to form a processing system, is suitable for drilling, chamfering and tapping of various workpieces, can reduce the production cost and improve the production efficiency.
A multi-shaft drilling and chamfering tapping system comprises a drilling processing unit, a chamfering processing unit and a tapping processing unit, wherein the drilling processing unit is used for drilling holes on the surfaces of workpieces, the chamfering processing unit is used for chamfering the openings of the holes, the tapping processing unit is used for tapping in the holes,
the chamfering processing unit comprises an upper chamfering processing unit and a side chamfering processing unit, the upper chamfering processing unit and the side chamfering processing unit are mutually independent, and the direction of a feeding stroke of the upper chamfering processing unit is downward; the direction of the feeding stroke of the side chamfering processing unit is staggered with that of the upper chamfering processing unit, and the side chamfering processing unit can move around the upper chamfering processing unit;
the upper tapping processing unit and the side tapping processing unit are mutually independent, the feeding stroke direction of the upper tapping processing unit is downward, and the upper tapping processing unit and the upper chamfering processing unit are integrated on the same equipment; the feeding travel directions of the side tapping processing unit and the upper tapping unit are staggered, and a moving seat is arranged at the bottom of the side tapping processing unit and can move around the upper tapping processing unit.
In some existing integrated drilling and chamfering tapping devices, the devices are mainly divided into two types, one type is an integrated device comprising a drilling machine, a chamfering machine and a tapping machine, the devices generally adopt a numerical control technology to achieve complex multi-process automatic operation, the machining efficiency is high, a special engineer needs to be equipped, the use and maintenance are complex, the purchase cost is high, and the machining efficiency is difficult to guarantee if the shape of a workpiece is complex and the distribution of holes is irregular. The second type is an equipment group, and a plurality of independent machines are manually operated to respectively complete the whole set of drilling, chamfering and tapping operations in turn; when a heavy workpiece is machined, the workpiece needs to be manually hoisted and transferred from one device to the next device, and the workpiece is clamped for many times, so that the machining precision is difficult to guarantee, and the working strength and the machining efficiency are low.
After observing the problems in the prior art, the inventor invents a new processing system based on the actual situation that the automation degree of most of domestic small and medium-sized enterprises is low. In the scheme, the chamfering processing unit bearing the chamfering function is divided into two parts, wherein the feeding stroke of the upper chamfering processing unit is downward and is used for processing the top surface of a workpiece; the feeding strokes of the side chamfering processing units are staggered with the side chamfering processing units and are used for processing holes in all directions of the side surfaces of the workpiece, and all the side surfaces of the workpiece can be processed by the arrangement of moving around the upper chamfering processing unit; in addition, the mutually independent upper chamfering processing unit and the side chamfering processing unit enable chamfering processing to be carried out simultaneously from two angles without mutual interference, and compared with a mode of processing each surface one by one, the total chamfering time is shortened.
Similarly, the tapping processing unit is also divided into an upper tapping processing unit and a side tapping processing unit, tapping processing can be simultaneously carried out from two directions, and processing efficiency is improved. The upper chamfering processing unit and the upper tapping processing unit are integrated on the same equipment and are specially used for processing the top surface of a workpiece, so that the situation that the clamping is needed again when the two procedures of chamfering and tapping on the top surface are converted can be avoided, and the clamping times are reduced. Considering that general equipment of attacking tooth is mostly comparatively heavy fixed equipment, set up in its bottom and remove the seat and can conveniently remove the processing unit of attacking tooth, it is more convenient nimble.
Through all decomposing chamfer and attack tooth processing into processing and side processing, use different processing portion to realize every kind of processing respectively for multichannel process can go on simultaneously, has realized traditional alternate segregation's drilling processing unit, chamfer processing unit and has attacked the high-efficient combination of tooth processing unit, reaches the cost lower than current first class equipment and stronger adaptability, also is higher than second class equipment group efficiency.
Preferably, the drilling unit is a five-axis deep hole drilling machine; the side chamfering processing unit is a pistol drill for clamping a chamfering tool; the side tapping processing unit is a crank arm tapping machine, and the moving seat is a loading vehicle; go up the tooth processing unit with go up chamfer processing unit integration in same radial drill, radial drill includes the workstation, the workstation is used for fixed work piece.
The drilling unit adopts a five-axis deep hole drilling machine, and can quickly finish machining holes on the top surface and the side surface of the workpiece by only 2 times of clamping, thereby reducing the machining time and the clamping times. Considering that the required precision requirement of chamfer is not high, and the processing degree of difficulty is not big, the pistol drill is held by the operator after clamping chamfer sword and can be carried out the chamfer to the hole of side in a flexible way, and is more convenient than using the large-scale equipment. The problem of follow-up thread fit needs to be considered in tapping processing, the required precision is high, therefore, a professional crank arm tapping machine is adopted, and a loader trolley is arranged below the traditional crank arm tapping machine, so that the loader trolley can be conveniently moved to complete transfer among the side faces to be processed. The radial drilling machine can only provide downward processing of stroke generally, the workpiece is fixed on the workbench, chamfering and tapping at the top of the workpiece are directly completed by the radial drilling machine, equipment does not need to be replaced additionally, and side chamfering and tapping operations are not hindered.
Furthermore, the chamfering tool comprises an installation section and a cutting section, the installation section is matched with an installation opening of the pistol drill, and the chamfering tool is detachably installed on the installation opening through the installation section; the cutting segments are sized in groups to match the bores of different sizes.
The chamfering tool is divided into two sections, the size of the mounting section is always matched with that of the mounting opening, and the cutting section can be manufactured into different sizes to be matched with the apertures of different sizes, so that the standard chamfering tool component can be manufactured in groups conveniently. When holes with different diameters need to be chamfered, the size of the cutting section is only needed to be considered, and the hole chamfering tool has replaceability.
The invention also provides a processing method applying the system, which can reduce the clamping times, reduce the workpiece clamping times as far as possible and simultaneously carry out various processing by integrating and utilizing the manual machine and optimizing the working procedures, thereby leading the common manual machine to be close to the working efficiency of automatic production.
A machining method applying the multi-shaft drilling, chamfering and tapping system comprises the following steps:
drilling: clamping a workpiece on the drilling machining unit, and operating the drilling machining unit to drill a hole on the surface to be machined of the workpiece;
chamfering and tapping the top surface: transferring the workpiece from the drilling processing unit to the upper chamfering processing unit or the upper tapping processing unit, clamping and fixing the workpiece, controlling the upper chamfering processing unit to chamfer the hole on the top surface of the workpiece, and controlling the upper tapping processing unit to tap the hole on the top surface of the workpiece;
chamfering the side face: when the top surface chamfering and tapping steps are carried out, the side chamfering processing unit is controlled to move around the workpiece, and holes to be chamfered on each side surface of the workpiece are chamfered respectively;
tapping on the side surface: when the top surface chamfering step is carried out with the tapping step and the side surface chamfering step, the movable seat is controlled to move around the workpiece on the premise that the movable seat and the side chamfering processing unit do not process the same position, so that the side tapping processing unit taps the hole to be tapped on each side surface of the workpiece respectively.
The chamfering processing is decomposed into the top surface chamfering and the side surface chamfering, the tapping is also decomposed into the top surface tapping and the side surface tapping, and the processing is completed by different processing parts respectively, so that the chamfering and the tapping processing can be simultaneously carried out without mutual interference, the effect of simultaneously carrying out multiple processes is achieved, and the production and processing efficiency is improved.
Further, the processing method comprises the following steps:
drilling: clamping a workpiece on the five-axis deep hole drilling machine, and controlling the five-axis deep hole drilling machine to drill a hole on the machining surface of the workpiece;
chamfering and tapping the top surface: transferring the workpiece to the workbench of the radial drilling machine, clamping and fixing the workpiece, and controlling the radial drilling machine to chamfer and tap the hole which needs chamfering and tapping on the top surface of the workpiece.
Chamfering the side face: when the top surface chamfering and tapping steps are carried out, the pistol drill provided with the chamfering tool is controlled to move around the workpiece, and holes on the side surface of the workpiece are chamfered respectively;
tapping on the side surface: when the top surface chamfering step and the tapping step and the side surface chamfering step are carried out, the crank arm tapping machine is controlled to move around the workpiece on the premise that the pistol drill simultaneously processes the same position, so that the crank arm tapping machine respectively taps the hole to be tapped on each side surface of the workpiece.
Further, the five-axis deep hole drilling machine comprises a tool bit and a rotary worktable, and the drilling step comprises the following steps:
drilling a side surface: clamping and fixing the bottom surface of the workpiece on the rotary workbench downwards, and controlling the tool bit to drill holes on each side surface of the workpiece after each side surface of the workpiece is aligned with the tool bit by the rotary workbench;
drilling on the top surface: and clamping and fixing the side surface of the workpiece on the rotary workbench downwards, and controlling the tool bit to drill on the top surface of the workpiece after the top surface of the workpiece is aligned to the tool bit by the rotary workbench.
Further, the side chamfering step includes the steps of:
dividing a working area: dividing working areas according to the side surfaces to be machined of the workpieces, wherein each working area corresponds to one side surface of each workpiece;
single-zone chamfering: fixing the drill bit in a working area each time, and operating the pistol drill to chamfer the hole on the corresponding side surface of the workpiece;
and (3) changing the area and chamfering: and after the single-area chamfering step is finished, replacing the working area and repeating the step until all holes to be chamfered on the side surface of the workpiece are chamfered.
The work area is divided, so that the conflict of side tapping and side chamfering can be avoided, two kinds of processing can be carried out at the same time without mutual interference, and the time required by the processing of each process is saved.
Further, the side tapping step comprises the following steps:
avoiding the working area: the crank arm tapping machine is fixed in a working area where the pistol drill is located;
single-zone tapping: while the side chamfering step is carried out, the crank arm tapping machine is controlled to tap the hole on the side face of the workpiece corresponding to the working area;
area changing and tapping: after single-zone tapping is completed, the loader-transporter is moved to drive the crank arm tapping machine to replace a working zone to repeat the single-zone tapping step on the premise of avoiding the working zone where the pistol drill is located, and until all holes to be tapped on the side surface of the workpiece are tapped.
Preferably, the diameter of the hole is less than 24 mm. Because the crank arm tapping machine cannot be used for tapping holes with the diameter exceeding 24mm, all the holes are designed in the range of less than 24mm as far as possible, and the crank arm tapping machine can be ensured to finish all tapping work on the side face of a workpiece.
Preferably, the workpiece is a mold insert. The use of the described machining method for mold inserts is very suitable and efficient due to the many holes to be drilled and the most often required chamfering and tapping.
According to the processing method of the multi-shaft drilling, chamfering and tapping system, all holes in a workpiece are drilled by the drilling unit, and then chamfering and tapping are completed through the chamfering unit and the tapping unit. And the chamfering process and the tapping process are divided into top surface processing and side surface processing according to the characteristics of the processing surface of the workpiece, so that the chamfering process and the tapping process can be synchronously carried out. Compared with the processing method in the prior art, the method can integrate the existing manual machines in a plurality of factories, save a large amount of processing time and realize the efficiency close to automatic production; meanwhile, on the premise of ensuring the processing quality, the cost for configuring a high-grade numerical control machine tool is saved, the numerical control machine tool can be suitable for workpieces with different sizes and shapes, and the adaptability is stronger.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prior art chamfer tap on a workpiece surface;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art two-chamfer attack on a workpiece surface;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a prior art three-chamfer tap on a workpiece surface;
FIG. 4 is a prior art schematic diagram of four chamfer angle tapping on a workpiece surface;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a prior art five-chamfer tap on a workpiece surface;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a five-axis deep hole drilling machine according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a pistol drill for clamping a chamfer cutter according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a multi-axis drilling chamfer tapping system as described in the present invention;
fig. 9 is a flow chart of a processing method using the multi-shaft drilling chamfer tapping system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a multi-shaft drilling, chamfering and tapping system, which is described in the accompanying drawings, and can be known as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 to 5, in a processing method in the prior art, when 5 surfaces need to be chamfered and tapped respectively, a workpiece 1 needs to be fixed on a radial drilling machine 2, one surface is clamped and processed every time, and chamfering and tapping of all the surfaces can be completed after 5 times of clamping.
As an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6 to 8:
a multi-shaft drilling and chamfering tapping system comprises a drilling processing unit, a chamfering processing unit and a tapping processing unit, wherein the drilling processing unit is used for drilling holes on the surfaces of a workpiece 1, the chamfering processing unit is used for chamfering the orifices, the tapping processing unit is used for tapping in the holes,
the chamfering processing unit comprises an upper chamfering processing unit and a side chamfering processing unit, the upper chamfering processing unit and the side chamfering processing unit are mutually independent, and the direction of a feeding stroke of the upper chamfering processing unit is downward; the feeding stroke direction of the side chamfering processing unit is transverse, and the side chamfering processing unit can move around the upper chamfering processing unit;
the upper tapping processing unit and the side tapping processing unit are mutually independent, the feeding stroke of the upper tapping processing unit is downward, and the upper tapping processing unit and the upper chamfering processing unit are integrated on the same equipment; the feeding stroke of the side tapping processing unit is transverse, a moving seat is arranged at the bottom of the side tapping processing unit, and the moving seat can move around the upper tapping processing unit.
The drilling machining unit is a five-axis deep hole drilling machine 3, and the five-axis deep hole drilling machine 3 comprises a tool bit 31 and a rotary worktable 32; the side chamfering processing unit is a pistol drill 4 for clamping the chamfering cutter 41; the side tapping unit is a crank arm tapping machine 5, and the moving seat is a loading trolley 51; go up the tooth processing unit with go up chamfer processing unit integration in same radial drill 2, radial drill 2 includes workstation 21, workstation 21 is used for fixed work piece 1.
The chamfering tool 41 comprises a mounting section 412 and a cutting section 413, the mounting section 412 is matched with a mounting opening of the pistol drill 4, and the chamfering tool 41 is detachably mounted on the mounting opening through the mounting section 412; the cutting segments are sized in groups to match the bores of different sizes.
In some existing integrated drilling and chamfering tapping devices, the devices are mainly divided into two types, one type is an integrated device comprising a drilling machine, a chamfering machine and a tapping machine, the devices generally adopt a numerical control technology to achieve complex multi-process automatic operation, the machining efficiency is high, a special engineer needs to be equipped, the use and maintenance are complex, the purchase cost is high, and the machining efficiency is difficult to guarantee if the shape of a workpiece 1 is complex and the holes are irregularly distributed. The second type is an equipment group, and a plurality of independent machines are manually operated to respectively complete the whole set of drilling, chamfering and tapping operations in turn; when a heavy workpiece 1 is machined, the workpiece 1 needs to be manually hoisted and transferred from one device to the next device, and the workpiece is clamped for many times, so that the machining precision is difficult to guarantee, and the working strength and the machining efficiency are low.
After observing the problems in the prior art, the inventor invents a new processing system based on the actual situation that the automation degree of most of domestic small and medium-sized enterprises is low. In the scheme, the chamfering processing unit bearing the chamfering function is divided into two parts, wherein the feeding stroke of the upper chamfering processing unit is downward and is used for processing the top surface of the workpiece 1; the feeding stroke of the side chamfering processing unit is transverse and is used for processing the side surface of the workpiece 1, and the arrangement of the side chamfering processing unit capable of moving around the upper chamfering processing unit enables all the side surfaces of the workpiece 1 to be processed; in addition, the mutually independent upper chamfering processing unit and the side chamfering processing unit enable chamfering processing to be carried out simultaneously from two angles without mutual interference, and compared with a mode of processing each surface one by one, the total chamfering time is shortened. Similarly, the tapping processing unit is also divided into an upper tapping processing unit and a side tapping processing unit, tapping processing can be simultaneously carried out from two directions, and processing efficiency is improved. The upper chamfering processing unit and the upper tapping processing unit are integrated on the same equipment and are specially used for processing the top surface of the workpiece 1, so that the situation that the clamping is needed again when the two processes of chamfering the top surface and tapping are converted can be avoided, and the clamping times are reduced. Considering that general equipment of attacking tooth is mostly comparatively heavy fixed equipment, set up in its bottom and remove the seat and can conveniently remove the processing unit of attacking tooth, it is more convenient nimble.
Through all decomposing chamfer and attack tooth processing into processing and side processing, use different processing portion to realize every kind of processing respectively for multichannel process can go on simultaneously, has realized traditional alternate segregation's drilling processing unit, chamfer processing unit and has attacked the high-efficient combination of tooth processing unit, reaches the cost lower than current first class equipment and stronger adaptability, also is higher than second class equipment group efficiency.
The drilling unit adopts a five-axis deep hole drilling machine 3, and can quickly finish machining holes on the top surface and the side surface of the workpiece 1 by only 2 times of clamping, thereby reducing the machining time and the clamping times. Considering that the required precision requirement of chamfering is not high, and the processing difficulty is not large, the pistol drill 4 can be held by an operator after the chamfering tool 41 is clamped, and then the hole on the side face can be chamfered flexibly, so that the chamfering tool is quicker and more convenient than large-scale equipment. The problem of follow-up thread fit is considered in the tapping process, the required precision is high, so that the special crank arm tapping machine 5 is adopted, and the loader 51 arranged below the traditional crank arm tapping machine 5 can be conveniently moved to complete the transfer among the side faces to be processed. The radial drilling machine 2 is generally used for processing with a downward stroke, the workpiece 1 is fixed on the workbench 21, chamfering and tapping at the top of the workpiece 1 are directly completed by the radial drilling machine 2, additional equipment replacement is not needed, and side chamfering and tapping operations are not hindered.
The chamfer cutter 41 is divided into two sections, the size of the mounting section 412 is matched with that of the mounting opening all the time, and the cutting section 413 can be manufactured into different sizes to be matched with the hole diameters of different sizes, so that the standard part of the chamfer cutter 41 can be manufactured in groups conveniently. When holes of different diameters need to be chamfered, only the size of the cutting segment 413 needs to be considered, and the cutting segment is replaceable.
As shown in fig. 9, the machining method using the multi-shaft drilling, chamfering and tapping system of the present invention includes the following steps:
step A1, drilling, namely clamping the workpiece 1 on the drilling processing unit, and controlling the drilling processing unit to drill on the surface to be processed of the workpiece 1;
step A2: the top surface chamfering and tapping are carried out, the workpiece 1 is transferred from the drilling processing unit to the upper chamfering processing unit or the upper tapping processing unit and is clamped and fixed, the upper chamfering processing unit is controlled to chamfer the hole on the top surface of the workpiece 1, and the upper tapping processing unit is controlled to tap the hole on the top surface of the workpiece 1;
step A3: side chamfering, wherein the side chamfering processing unit is controlled to move around the workpiece 1 while the step A2 is carried out, and holes to be chamfered on each side of the workpiece 1 are chamfered respectively;
step A4: and C, side tapping, namely, while the steps A2 and A3 are carried out, on the premise of not processing the same position as the step C, operating the movable seat to move around the workpiece 1, so that the side tapping processing unit respectively taps the hole to be tapped on each side surface of the workpiece 1.
The chamfering processing is decomposed into the top surface chamfering and the side surface chamfering, the tapping is also decomposed into the top surface tapping and the side surface tapping, and the processing is completed by different processing parts respectively, so that the chamfering and the tapping processing can be simultaneously performed in a complementary manner, the effect of simultaneously performing multiple processes is achieved, and the production and processing efficiency is improved.
The invention also provides another processing method applying the system, and the manual machine and the optimization procedure are integrated and utilized, so that the clamping times can be reduced, and the working efficiency of the common manual machine is close to that of automatic production.
A machining method applying the multi-shaft drilling, chamfering and tapping system comprises the following steps:
step B1: drilling, namely clamping a workpiece 1 on the five-axis deep hole drilling machine 3, and controlling the five-axis deep hole drilling machine 3 to drill a hole on the machining surface of the workpiece 1;
step B2: chamfering and tapping the top surface, transferring the workpiece 1 onto the workbench 21 of the radial drilling machine 2, clamping and fixing, and controlling the radial drilling machine 2 to chamfer and tap holes to be chamfered on each side surface of the workpiece 1;
step B3: side chamfering, in which the pistol drill 4 with the chamfering tool 41 is operated to move around the workpiece 1 while the step B2 is performed, and holes on the side of the workpiece 1 are chamfered respectively;
step B4: and (4) side tapping, wherein in the process of steps B2 and B3, on the premise of not processing the same position with the pistol drill 4 at the same time, the crank arm tapping machine 5 is controlled to move around the workpiece 1, so that the crank arm tapping machine 5 respectively taps holes to be tapped on each side surface of the workpiece 1.
The step B1 includes the following steps:
step B11: clamping and fixing the bottom surface of the workpiece 1 on the rotary worktable 32 downwards, and operating the cutter head 31 to drill holes on each side surface of the workpiece 1 after the rotary worktable 32 enables each side surface of the workpiece 1 to be aligned with the cutter head 31;
step B12: and clamping and fixing the workpiece 1 on the rotary worktable 32 in a manner that the side surface of the workpiece 1 faces downwards, and operating the cutter head 31 to drill the top surface of the workpiece 1 after the rotary worktable 32 enables the top surface of the workpiece 1 to be aligned with the cutter head 31.
The step B3 includes the following steps:
step B31: dividing working areas according to the side surfaces to be machined of the workpieces 1, wherein each working area corresponds to one side surface of each workpiece 1;
step B32: fixing the work piece 1 in a working area each time, and operating the pistol drill 4 to chamfer the hole on the corresponding side surface of the work piece 1;
step B33: and D, after the step B32 is completed, replacing the working area, and repeating the step B32 until all holes to be chamfered on the side surface of the workpiece 1 are chamfered.
The work area is divided, so that the conflict of side tapping and side chamfering can be avoided, two kinds of processing can be carried out at the same time without mutual interference, and the time required by the processing of each process is saved.
Further, the step B4 includes the following steps:
step B41: the crank arm tapping machine 5 is fixed to avoid the working area where the step B3 is located;
step B42: while the step B3 is carried out, the crank arm tapping machine 5 is operated to tap the hole on the side surface of the workpiece 1 corresponding to the working area;
step B43: after the step B42 is completed, the loader trolley 51 is moved to drive the crank arm tapping machine 5 to change the working area to repeat the step B42 on the premise of avoiding the working area of the step B3 until all holes to be tapped on the side surface of the workpiece 1 are tapped.
The diameter of the hole is less than 24 mm.
The workpiece 1 is a mold insert.
Because the crank arm tapping machine 5 cannot be used for tapping holes with the diameter exceeding 24mm, all the holes are designed to be smaller than 24mm as far as possible, and the crank arm tapping machine 5 can be ensured to finish all tapping work on the side surface of the workpiece 1.
The use of the described machining method for mold inserts is very suitable and efficient due to the many holes to be drilled and the most often required chamfering and tapping.
The five-axis deep hole drilling machine 3, the radial drilling machine 2, the pistol drill 4, the crank arm tapping machine 5 and other machines are common devices in the mechanical industry, and the specific structure and the working principle of the five-axis deep hole drilling machine are not discussed in detail herein.
Variations and modifications to the above-described embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art, which fall within the scope and spirit of the above description. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and variations of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.
Claims (9)
1. A multi-shaft drilling and chamfering tapping system comprises a drilling processing unit, a chamfering processing unit and a tapping processing unit, wherein the drilling processing unit is used for drilling holes on the surfaces of workpieces, the chamfering processing unit is used for chamfering the openings of the holes, and the tapping processing unit is used for tapping in the holes,
the chamfering processing unit comprises an upper chamfering processing unit and a side chamfering processing unit, the upper chamfering processing unit and the side chamfering processing unit are mutually independent, and the direction of a feeding stroke of the upper chamfering processing unit is downward; the direction of the feeding stroke of the side chamfering processing unit is staggered with that of the upper chamfering processing unit, and the side chamfering processing unit is a movable unit;
the upper tapping processing unit and the side tapping processing unit are mutually independent, the feeding stroke direction of the upper tapping processing unit is downward, and the upper tapping processing unit and the upper chamfering processing unit are integrated on the same equipment; the feeding travel directions of the side tapping processing unit and the upper tapping unit are staggered, and a moving seat is arranged at the bottom of the side tapping processing unit and can move around the upper tapping processing unit.
2. The multi-axis drilling, chamfering and tapping system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drilling unit is a five-axis deep hole drilling machine; the side chamfering processing unit is a pistol drill for clamping a chamfering tool; the side tapping processing unit is a crank arm tapping machine, and the moving seat is a loading vehicle; go up the tooth processing unit with go up chamfer processing unit integration in same radial drill, radial drill includes the workstation, the workstation is used for fixed work piece.
3. The multi-axis drilling, chamfering and tapping system according to claim 2, wherein the chamfering tool includes a mounting section and a cutting section, the mounting section being matched with a mounting opening of the pistol drill, the chamfering tool being detachably mounted to the mounting opening through the mounting section; the cutting segments are sized in groups to match the bores of different sizes.
4. A machining method using the multi-axis drilling, chamfering and tapping system as claimed in claim 2, comprising the steps of:
drilling: clamping a workpiece on the five-axis deep hole drilling machine, and controlling the five-axis deep hole drilling machine to drill a hole on the machining surface of the workpiece;
chamfering and tapping the top surface: transferring the workpiece to the workbench of the radial drilling machine, clamping and fixing the workpiece, and controlling the radial drilling machine to chamfer and tap holes needing chamfering and tapping on the top surface of the workpiece;
chamfering the side face: when the top surface chamfering and tapping steps are carried out, the pistol drill provided with the chamfering tool is controlled to move around the workpiece, and holes on the side surface of the workpiece are chamfered respectively;
tapping on the side surface: when the top surface chamfering step and the tapping step and the side surface chamfering step are carried out, the crank arm tapping machine is controlled to move around the workpiece on the premise that the pistol drill simultaneously processes the same position, so that the crank arm tapping machine respectively taps the hole to be tapped on each side surface of the workpiece.
5. The machining method according to claim 4, wherein the five-axis deep hole drilling machine comprises a tool bit and a rotary table, and the drilling step comprises the following steps:
drilling a side surface: clamping and fixing the bottom surface of the workpiece on the rotary workbench downwards, and controlling the tool bit to drill holes on each side surface of the workpiece after the rotary workbench enables the side surface of the workpiece to be aligned with the tool bit;
drilling on the top surface: and clamping and fixing the side surface of the workpiece on the rotary workbench downwards, and controlling the tool bit to drill on the top surface of the workpiece after the top surface of the workpiece is aligned to the tool bit by the rotary workbench.
6. The method of machining of claim 5, wherein the side chamfering step includes the steps of:
dividing a working area: dividing working areas according to the side surfaces to be machined of the workpieces, wherein each working area corresponds to one side surface of each workpiece;
single-zone chamfering: fixing the drill bit in a working area each time, and operating the pistol drill to chamfer the hole on the corresponding side surface of the workpiece;
and (3) changing the area and chamfering: and after the single-area chamfering step is finished, replacing the working area and repeating the single-area chamfering step until all holes needing chamfering on the side face of the workpiece are chamfered.
7. The machining method according to claim 6, wherein the side tapping step comprises the steps of:
avoiding the working area: the crank arm tapping machine is fixed in a working area where the pistol drill is located;
single-zone tapping: while the side chamfering step is carried out, the crank arm tapping machine is controlled to tap the hole on the side face of the workpiece corresponding to the working area;
area changing and tapping: after single-zone tapping is completed, the loader-transporter is moved to drive the crank arm tapping machine to replace a working zone to repeat the single-zone tapping step on the premise of avoiding the working zone where the pistol drill is located, and until all holes to be tapped on the side surface of the workpiece are tapped.
8. A method of machining according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the diameter of the bore is less than 24 mm.
9. The process of any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the workpiece is a mold insert.
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| CN108817963B true CN108817963B (en) | 2020-02-07 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US7143673B2 (en) * | 2003-09-09 | 2006-12-05 | H&S Tool, Inc. | Method for tube end preparation and milling head therefore |
| CN201399599Y (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2010-02-10 | 环球工业机械（东莞）有限公司 | Five-shaft four-linkage deep-hole drilling machine |
| CN103128555A (en) * | 2013-03-04 | 2013-06-05 | 昆山上达精密配件有限公司 | Automatic multi-procedure drilling and tapping integrated machine |
| CN104084607A (en) * | 2014-04-13 | 2014-10-08 | 李仕清 | Drilling machine with cooling system at shaft head of main shaft |
| CN203900647U (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2014-10-29 | 昆山嘉升精密电子工业有限公司 | Multi-shaft tapping machine |
| CN206824692U (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2018-01-02 | 河源市山德实业有限公司 | A kind of radial drilling machine |
| CN208644635U (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2019-03-26 | 佛山市南海华达高木模具有限公司 | A kind of multi-spindle drilling chamfering tapping system |
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