CN108817339B - Negative pressure continuous casting device and negative pressure continuous casting method - Google Patents
Negative pressure continuous casting device and negative pressure continuous casting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108817339B CN108817339B CN201810637816.3A CN201810637816A CN108817339B CN 108817339 B CN108817339 B CN 108817339B CN 201810637816 A CN201810637816 A CN 201810637816A CN 108817339 B CN108817339 B CN 108817339B
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Abstract
A negative pressure continuous casting device and a method belong to the technical field of metal casting. According to the invention, the air exhaust system is arranged on the continuous casting device for exhausting air, so that negative pressure is formed in the cavity formed by the guide pipe, the casting mold and the like, the metal melt is actively attracted in the continuous casting process and the gas at the front edge of the solid-liquid interface rapidly escapes from the metal melt, and the high-quality metal casting blank with low gas content is obtained. The negative pressure continuous casting device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and maintenance, high production efficiency, wide application range and low manufacturing cost, can safely and efficiently produce metal casting blanks with various specifications, low gas content and high quality, and is particularly suitable for horizontal continuous casting or down-drawing continuous casting with a holding furnace lower than a casting mold.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal casting, and particularly provides a negative pressure continuous casting device and a negative pressure continuous casting method.
Background
As is known, compared with the die casting technology, the continuous casting technology is a major breakthrough and qualitative leap in the field of metal material preparation, has a series of outstanding advantages of high metal yield, low energy consumption, shortened production link, less required person, less equipment investment, contribution to realizing continuous production, high automation and the like, and is a typical short-flow high-efficiency preparation technology for metal materials. At present, most metal materials are basically produced in a large scale by adopting a continuous casting technology. With the rapid development of high and new technologies and the increasing improvement of the living standard of people, higher and higher requirements are put forward on the quality of metal casting blanks produced by continuous casting, and particularly, the adverse factors such as gas content in the metal casting blanks and the like which restrict the improvement of the performance of the metal products can be further controlled and reduced.
The conventional continuous casting techniques mainly include a general down-drawing continuous casting technique, a siphon down-drawing continuous casting technique, an up-drawing continuous casting technique, and a horizontal continuous casting technique. Compared with other existing continuous casting technologies, the common down-lead continuous casting technology has the advantages that the relative exhaust effect is best in the continuous casting process, the gas content in the metal casting blank is lowest, the quality is highest, but the problem of leakage is easy to occur in the continuous casting process, the safety is poor, the space required by equipment installation is large, the operation is inconvenient, and the large-size metal casting blank is difficult to continuously produce; the siphon tube down-drawing continuous casting technology solves the problem of easy leakage safety of the common down-drawing continuous casting technology, but has the disadvantages of complex equipment structure, large installation space, inconvenient operation, difficult continuous production of large-size metal casting blanks, poor exhaust effect, increased gas content in the metal casting blanks and reduced quality; the up-drawing continuous casting technology does not generate a drawing leakage phenomenon, but is not beneficial to exhaust, the gas content in the metal casting blank is high, the quality is poor, and the danger that cooling water possibly enters into metal melt exists; the horizontal continuous casting technology has the advantages of simple equipment structure, convenient operation, easy control of leakage or cooling water safety, easy realization of continuous production of casting blanks with various specifications, poor exhaust effect, high gas content in metal casting blanks and poor quality. In addition, in the traditional continuous casting technology, gas in the metal melt and at the front edge of the solid-liquid interface is completely in a state of natural random escape instead of active suction escape in the continuous casting process, so that the speed of gas discharged out of the metal melt is low, the gas content in the metal casting blank is difficult to accurately control, and the improvement of the blank drawing speed is limited. Particularly, even in the common down-drawing continuous casting technology, when the withdrawal speed of continuous casting is high in production, a large part of gas in a metal melt and at the front edge of a solid-liquid interface cannot escape in time and still enters a rapidly solidified metal casting blank, so that the metal casting blank contains a large amount of gas inside and is poor in quality; several other continuous casting techniques exist which are more problematic in this respect. The defect of the traditional continuous casting technology becomes a bottleneck problem which restricts the production of high-quality metal casting blanks, and needs to be improved urgently.
In conclusion, the traditional continuous casting technology has the potential safety hazards that leakage is easy to occur or cooling water may enter a metal melt in the continuous casting process, and the exhaust effect is poor due to the lack of a method for actively and quickly attracting gas in the metal melt and at the front edge of a solid-liquid interface to escape, and the like, and is difficult to continuously produce high-quality metal casting blanks meeting higher use requirements at low cost and high efficiency. Therefore, the development of a new continuous casting technology has important significance for safely and efficiently producing metal casting blanks with various specifications, low gas content and high quality at low cost.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the traditional continuous casting technology, the invention is characterized in that an air exhaust system is arranged on a continuous casting device, the air exhaust system is communicated with a guide pipe, before the continuous casting starts, air in the guide pipe, a casting mold and the like is exhausted through the air exhaust system, so that pressure difference is generated between a cavity formed by the guide pipe, the casting mold and the like and the outside, negative pressure is formed in the cavity, and therefore, metal melt can continuously flow through the guide pipe and a drainage channel from a heat preservation furnace to enter the casting mold and is solidified in the casting mold or near an outlet, and continuous casting forming is realized under the action of a dummy bar. Particularly, due to the existence of the negative pressure area at the top of the draft tube in the continuous casting process, the negative pressure area becomes a regulation and control means for actively and quickly sucking the gas in the metal melt and at the front edge of the solid-liquid interface to escape, so that the gas can be quickly discharged out of the metal melt, and the gas content in the metal melt is continuously reduced. The invention aims to provide a negative-pressure continuous casting device and a negative-pressure continuous casting method, which can solve the problems of potential safety hazards such as easy drawing and leakage or possibility of cooling water entering metal melt in the continuous casting process, poor exhaust effect and the like in the traditional continuous casting technology, and continuously produce high-quality metal casting blanks with low gas content at low cost and high efficiency.
A negative pressure continuous casting device comprises a melting furnace, a launder, a holding furnace, a flow guide pipe, a temperature measuring device, an air exhaust system, a flow guide channel, a heat insulation structure, a casting mold, a cooler, a dummy bar and a traction mechanism. The melting furnace and the holding furnace are arranged in parallel and are communicated with each other through the launder; one end of the flow guide pipe is inserted into the bottom of the heat preservation furnace, and the other end of the flow guide pipe is communicated with the air pumping system; the temperature measuring device is arranged at one end of the flow guide pipe connected with the air pumping system and used for monitoring the height of the liquid level of the metal melt rising into the flow guide pipe; the drainage channel is arranged on the side surface of the guide pipe, and two ends of the drainage channel are respectively connected with the guide pipe and the casting mold; the drainage channel and the casting mold are separated by the heat insulation structure, and the drainage channel, the heat insulation structure and the casting mold are of an integrated structure; the cooler is arranged near the outlet of the casting mold and used for forcibly cooling the metal casting blank; the traction mechanism is arranged behind the cooler along the drawing direction of the metal casting blank, so that the metal casting blank is continuously drawn; the casting mould, the cooler and the traction mechanism are distributed on the same axis along the drawing direction of the metal casting blank; one end of the dummy bar extends into the casting mould and the cooler, and the other end of the dummy bar is matched with the traction mechanism to realize the traction of the metal casting blank.
Furthermore, the melting furnace is arranged on one side of the upper part of the heat preservation furnace, and the flow of the metal melt flowing into the heat preservation furnace from the melting furnace is controlled through the plug rod.
Further, the melting furnace and the heat preservation furnace are placed in an environment protected by air, vacuum, nitrogen or inert gas.
Furthermore, a tundish is adopted to replace the melting furnace, and metal melt is continuously and rapidly provided, so that efficient and continuous production is facilitated.
Furthermore, the casting mold adopts any one of a cooling casting mold, a heating casting mold, a two-phase region casting mold, a low-heat casting mold, a gradient temperature casting mold, a hot-cold combined casting mold or a temperature control casting mold.
Furthermore, the casting mould and the cooler are designed into an integral structure, and the middle of the casting mould and the cooler is separated by a heat insulation pad.
Further, a sealing ring is mounted on the inner wall of the outlet of the cooler to prevent external air from entering between the dummy bar and the cooler or between the metal casting blank and the cooler.
Furthermore, 1-100 sets of streamlines formed by the drainage channel, the heat insulation structure, the casting mold and the cooler are connected to the draft tube, and the negative pressure continuous casting device comprises 1-100 draft tubes.
Further, the negative pressure continuous casting apparatus may be provided with a secondary cooler between the cooler and the drawing mechanism.
Further, the negative pressure continuous casting apparatus may eliminate the cooler.
Further, the negative pressure continuous casting device adopts manual control or computer control and adopts any one of a horizontal type, a downward drawing type or an upward drawing type.
The negative pressure continuous casting method adopting the negative pressure continuous casting device comprises the following preparation processes:
one end of the dummy bar penetrates through the traction mechanism and the cooler in sequence and then extends into the casting mold, and the dummy head of the dummy bar is tightly attached to the inner wall of the corresponding part of the casting mold; melting the metal raw material in the melting furnace into a metal melt, and enabling the metal melt to flow into the holding furnace from the melting furnace through the launder; presetting a decompression speed in the air extraction system, starting the air extraction system, and extracting air from a closed cavity formed by the flow guide pipe, the drainage channel, the heat insulation structure and the casting mold, so that negative pressure is formed inside the closed cavity, and pressure difference is generated between the closed cavity and the outside; the metal melt in the heat preservation furnace is continuously pressed into the flow guide pipe under the action of external air pressure, and the flow guide channel, the heat insulation structure and the casting mold are gradually filled; when the liquid level height of the metal melt reaches the upper limit position of the temperature measuring device pre-installed on the flow guide pipe, the air exhaust system automatically stops air exhaust, and when the liquid level height of the metal melt drops to the lower limit position of the temperature measuring device pre-installed on the flow guide pipe, the air exhaust system automatically starts air exhaust; under the isolation effect of the heat insulation structure on the drainage channel and the casting mold, the temperature of the casting mold is accurately controlled; under the forced cooling action of the cooler, the metal melt is solidified in the casting mold or near the outlet; under the drive of the dummy bar and the traction mechanism, continuous casting forming is carried out to obtain a high-quality metal casting blank with low gas content; the cooling rate required for the metal cast strand is controlled by the withdrawal speed of the drawing mechanism, the cooling intensity of the cooler, and the temperature of the mold.
The main advantages of the invention are:
1. the negative pressure continuous casting device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and maintenance, high production efficiency, wide application range and low manufacturing cost, can be used for industrial batch production, is suitable for occasions where metal melt is horizontally continuously cast, downwards cast or upwards cast after upwards drawn and flowing through a drainage channel through a flow guide pipe, and is particularly suitable for horizontal continuous casting or downwards cast in which a heat preservation furnace is lower than a casting mold, which is difficult to realize by the traditional method.
2. The negative pressure continuous casting method ensures that gas in the metal melt is continuously and actively and quickly attracted to a negative pressure area without the metal melt at the top of the draft tube under the action of negative pressure in the continuous casting process, and is beneficial to reducing the gas content in the metal melt and obtaining the high-quality metal melt.
3. The negative pressure continuous casting method is beneficial to quickly discharging gas separated out at the front edge of a solid-liquid interface into the metal melt in the continuous casting process, and quickly entering a negative pressure area without the metal melt at the top of the flow guide pipe under the action of negative pressure, so that the gas content in the metal casting blank is greatly reduced, and the production of the high-quality metal casting blank is facilitated.
4. The metal casting blank prepared by the negative pressure continuous casting method has good surface smoothness and compact structure, and has better plastic processing performance, mechanical property, physical property and chemical property than the metal casting blank with the same chemical components prepared by the traditional continuous casting technology.
5. The negative pressure continuous casting method is simple and feasible, has wide application range and extremely high popularization value, can be applied to almost all metals, realizes the industrialized high-efficiency continuous casting forming of high-quality metal casting blanks, can produce high-quality metal products such as pipes, plates, strips, bars, wires, profiles and the like in a near net shape, obviously simplifies the process flow and reduces the production cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a negative pressure continuous casting apparatus according to the present invention. The device comprises a metal melt, (2) a melting furnace, (3) a launder, (4) a holding furnace, (5) a flow guide pipe, (6) a temperature measuring device, (7) an air extraction system, (8) a flow guide pipe, (9) a heat insulation structure, (10) a casting mold, (11) a cooler, (12) a dummy bar and (13) a traction mechanism.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the following examples, which are necessary to point out here only for further illustration of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make some insubstantial modifications and adaptations to the present invention based on the above-mentioned disclosure.
The negative pressure continuous casting apparatus of the present invention is specifically described below with reference to fig. 1:
the negative pressure continuous casting device consists of a melting furnace (2), a launder (3), a holding furnace (4), a flow guide pipe (5), a temperature measuring device (6), an air extraction system (7), a flow guide channel (8), a heat insulation structure (9), a casting mold (10), a cooler (11), a dummy bar (12) and a traction mechanism (13). The melting furnace (2) and the holding furnace (4) are arranged in parallel and are communicated with each other through a launder (3); one end of the flow guide pipe (5) is inserted into the bottom of the heat preservation furnace (4), and the other end is communicated with the air extraction system (7); the temperature measuring device (6) is arranged at one end of the guide pipe (5) connected with the air extraction system (7) and is used for monitoring the height of the liquid level of the metal melt (1) rising into the guide pipe (5); the drainage channel (8) is arranged on the side surface of the draft tube (5), and two ends of the drainage channel are respectively connected with the draft tube (5) and the casting mold (10); the drainage channel (8) and the casting mould (10) are separated by a heat insulation structure (9), and the drainage channel (8), the heat insulation structure (9) and the casting mould (10) are of an integrated structure; the cooler (11) is arranged near the outlet of the casting mould (10) and used for forcibly cooling the metal casting blank; a traction mechanism (13) is arranged behind the cooler (11) along the drawing direction of the metal casting blank, so that the metal casting blank is continuously drawn; the casting mould (10), the cooler (11) and the traction mechanism (13) are distributed on the same axis along the drawing direction of the metal casting blank; one end of a dummy bar (12) extends into the casting mould (10) and the cooler (11), and the other end of the dummy bar is matched with a traction mechanism (13) to realize the traction of the metal casting blank.
Furthermore, the melting furnace (2) is arranged on one side of the upper part of the heat preservation furnace (4), and the flow of the metal melt (1) flowing into the heat preservation furnace (4) from the melting furnace (2) is controlled by the plug rod.
Further, the melting furnace (2) and the holding furnace (4) are placed in an environment protected by air, vacuum, nitrogen or inert gas.
Furthermore, a tundish is adopted to replace the melting furnace (2), and the metal melt (1) is continuously and rapidly provided, so that efficient and continuous production is facilitated.
Furthermore, the casting mold (10) adopts any one of a cooling casting mold, a heating casting mold, a two-phase zone casting mold, a low-heat casting mold, a gradient temperature casting mold, a hot-cold combined casting mold or a temperature control casting mold.
Furthermore, the casting mould (10) and the cooler (11) are designed into an integral structure, and are separated by a heat insulation pad.
Further, a seal ring is installed on the inner wall of the outlet of the cooler (11) to prevent external air from entering between the dummy bar (12) and the cooler (11) or between the metal cast slab and the cooler (11).
Furthermore, 1-100 sets of continuous casting components consisting of a drainage channel (8), a heat insulation structure (9), a casting mold (10) and a cooler (11) are connected to the guide pipe (5), and the negative pressure continuous casting device comprises 1-100 guide pipes (5).
Further, the negative pressure continuous casting apparatus may be provided with a secondary cooler between the cooler (11) and the drawing mechanism (13).
Further, the negative pressure continuous casting device can eliminate a cooler (11).
Further, the negative pressure continuous casting device adopts manual control or computer control and adopts any one of a horizontal type, a downward drawing type or an upward drawing type.
Example 1:
and carrying out negative pressure continuous casting forming on a pure copper rod blank with the diameter of 20 mm.
One end of a dummy bar (12) penetrates through the traction mechanism (13) and the cooler (11) in sequence and then extends into the casting mold (10), and the dummy head of the dummy bar (12) is tightly attached to the inner wall of the corresponding part of the casting mold (10); melting the pure copper raw material into a pure copper melt with the temperature of 1300 ℃ in a melting furnace (2), and enabling the pure copper melt to flow into a holding furnace (4) from the melting furnace (2) through a launder (3); presetting a decompression speed of 3000Pa/s in an air extraction system (7), starting the air extraction system (7), and extracting air from a closed cavity formed by the guide pipe (5), the drainage channel (8), the heat insulation structure (9) and the casting mold (10) to form negative pressure inside the closed cavity and generate pressure difference between the closed cavity and the outside; the pure copper melt in the holding furnace (4) is continuously pressed into the flow guide pipe (5) under the action of external air pressure, and the flow guide pipe (8), the heat insulation structure (9) and the casting mold (10) are gradually filled; when the liquid level height of the pure copper melt reaches the upper limit position of the temperature measuring device (6) pre-installed on the flow guide pipe (5), the air exhaust system (7) automatically stops air exhaust, and when the liquid level height of the pure copper melt drops to the lower limit position of the temperature measuring device (6) pre-installed on the flow guide pipe (5), the air exhaust system (7) automatically starts air exhaust; under the isolation action of the heat insulation structure (9) on the drainage channel (8) and the casting mold (10), the temperature of the casting mold (10) is accurately controlled to be 1200 ℃; under the forced cooling action of a cooler (11) with the cooling water temperature of 15 ℃ and the cooling water flow of 2000L/h, the pure copper melt is solidified near the outlet of the casting mould (10); under the drive of a dummy bar (12) and a traction mechanism (13), continuous casting forming is carried out at the blank drawing speed of 100mm/min, and a high-quality pure copper bar blank with bright surface, compact interior, low gas content, continuous columnar crystal structure along the blank drawing direction and 20mm diameter is obtained.
Example 2:
and carrying out negative pressure continuous casting forming on a pure copper strip blank with the width of 100mm and the thickness of 2 mm.
One end of a dummy bar (12) penetrates through the traction mechanism (13) and the cooler (11) in sequence and then extends into the casting mold (10), and the dummy head of the dummy bar (12) is tightly attached to the inner wall of the corresponding part of the casting mold (10); melting the pure copper raw material into a pure copper melt with the temperature of 1200 ℃ in a melting furnace (2), and enabling the pure copper melt to flow into a holding furnace (4) from the melting furnace (2) through a launder (3); presetting a decompression speed of 2000Pa/s in an air extraction system (7), starting the air extraction system (7), and extracting air from a closed cavity formed by the guide pipe (5), the drainage channel (8), the heat insulation structure (9) and the casting mold (10) to form negative pressure inside the closed cavity and generate pressure difference between the closed cavity and the outside; the pure copper melt in the holding furnace (4) is continuously pressed into the flow guide pipe (5) under the action of external air pressure, and the flow guide pipe (8), the heat insulation structure (9) and the casting mold (10) are gradually filled; when the liquid level height of the pure copper melt reaches the upper limit position of the temperature measuring device (6) pre-installed on the flow guide pipe (5), the air exhaust system (7) automatically stops air exhaust, and when the liquid level height of the pure copper melt drops to the lower limit position of the temperature measuring device (6) pre-installed on the flow guide pipe (5), the air exhaust system (7) automatically starts air exhaust; under the isolation action of the heat insulation structure (9) on the drainage channel (8) and the casting mold (10), the temperature of the casting mold (10) is accurately controlled to be 900 ℃; under the forced cooling action of a cooler (11) with the temperature of cooling water of 20 ℃ and the flow of cooling water of 1500L/h, the pure copper melt is solidified inside the casting mould (10); under the drive of a dummy bar (12) and a traction mechanism (13), continuous casting forming is carried out at a blank drawing speed of 150mm/min, and a high-quality pure copper strip blank with smooth surface, compact interior, low gas content, columnar crystal structure with high orientation degree along the blank drawing direction, width of 100mm and thickness of 2mm is obtained.
Example 3:
and carrying out negative pressure continuous casting forming on the copper-iron-phosphorus alloy plate blank with the T-shaped section, wherein the width of the copper-iron-phosphorus alloy plate blank is 100mm, and the thickness of the copper-iron-phosphorus alloy plate blank is 15 mm.
One end of a dummy bar (12) penetrates through the traction mechanism (13) and the cooler (11) in sequence and then extends into the casting mold (10), and the dummy head of the dummy bar (12) is tightly attached to the inner wall of the corresponding part of the casting mold (10); melting the copper-iron-phosphorus alloy raw material into a copper-iron-phosphorus alloy melt with the temperature of 1300 ℃ in a melting furnace (2), and enabling the copper-iron-phosphorus alloy melt to flow into a holding furnace (4) from the melting furnace (2) through a launder (3); the pressure reduction speed is preset to be 1000Pa/s in the air extraction system (7), the air extraction system (7) is started, and the air extraction is carried out on a closed cavity formed by the guide pipe (5), the drainage channel (8), the heat insulation structure (9) and the casting mold (10) together, so that negative pressure is formed inside the closed cavity, and pressure difference is generated between the closed cavity and the outside; the copper-iron-phosphorus alloy melt in the holding furnace (4) is continuously pressed into the flow guide pipe (5) under the action of external air pressure, and the flow guide channel (8), the heat insulation structure (9) and the casting mold (10) are gradually filled; when the liquid level height of the copper-iron-phosphorus alloy melt reaches the upper limit position of the temperature measuring device (6) pre-installed on the flow guide pipe (5), the air exhaust system (7) automatically stops air exhaust, and when the liquid level height of the copper-iron-phosphorus alloy melt drops to the lower limit position of the temperature measuring device (6) pre-installed on the flow guide pipe (5), the air exhaust system (7) automatically starts air exhaust; under the isolation action of the heat insulation structure (9) on the drainage channel (8) and the casting mold (10), the temperature of the water-cooling copper casting mold (10) is accurately controlled; under the forced cooling action of a cooler (11) with the temperature of cooling water of 20 ℃ and the flow of the cooling water of 1000L/h, the copper-iron-phosphorus alloy melt is solidified inside the casting mould (10); under the drive of a dummy bar (12) and a traction mechanism (13), continuous casting forming is carried out at a blank drawing speed of 130mm/min, and a high-quality T-shaped section copper-iron-phosphorus alloy plate blank with a smooth surface, compact interior, low gas content, equiaxial crystal structure, width of 100mm and thickness of 15mm is obtained.
Example 4:
and carrying out negative pressure continuous casting forming on a Cu-4.7 wt% Sn copper alloy plate blank with the width of 20mm and the thickness of 8 mm.
One end of a dummy bar (12) penetrates through the traction mechanism (13) and the cooler (11) in sequence and then extends into the casting mold (10), and the dummy head of the dummy bar (12) is tightly attached to the inner wall of the corresponding part of the casting mold (10); melting the Cu-4.7 wt% Sn-copper alloy raw material into a Cu-4.7 wt% Sn-copper alloy melt with the temperature of 1200 ℃ in a melting furnace (2), and enabling the Cu-4.7 wt% Sn-copper alloy melt to flow into a holding furnace (4) from the melting furnace (2) through a launder (3); presetting a decompression speed of 800Pa/s in an air extraction system (7), starting the air extraction system (7), and extracting air from a closed cavity formed by the guide pipe (5), the drainage channel (8), the heat insulation structure (9) and the casting mold (10) to form negative pressure inside the closed cavity and generate pressure difference between the closed cavity and the outside; the Cu-4.7 wt% Sn-copper alloy melt in the holding furnace (4) is continuously pressed into the flow guide pipe (5) under the action of external air pressure, and the flow guide channel (8), the heat insulation structure (9) and the casting mold (10) are gradually filled; when the liquid level height of the Cu-4.7 wt% Sn-copper alloy melt reaches the upper limit position of the temperature measuring device (6) pre-installed on the flow guide pipe (5), the air extraction system (7) automatically stops air extraction, and when the liquid level height of the Cu-4.7 wt% Sn-copper alloy melt drops to the lower limit position of the temperature measuring device (6) pre-installed on the flow guide pipe (5), the air extraction system (7) automatically starts air extraction; under the isolation action of the heat insulation structure (9) on the drainage channel (8) and the casting mold (10), the temperature of the casting mold (10) is accurately controlled to be 1020 ℃; under the forced cooling action of a cooler (11) with the temperature of cooling water of 20 ℃ and the flow of the cooling water of 400L/h, the Cu-4.7 wt% Sn-copper alloy melt is solidified in the casting mould (10); under the drive of a dummy bar (12) and a traction mechanism (13), continuous casting forming is carried out at a blank drawing speed of 35mm/min, and a high-quality Cu-4.7 wt% Sn copper alloy plate blank with smooth surface, compact interior, low gas content, peritectic structure, width of 20mm and thickness of 8mm is obtained.
Example 5:
and carrying out negative pressure continuous casting on a pure aluminum rod blank with the diameter of 15 mm.
One end of a dummy bar (12) penetrates through the traction mechanism (13) and the cooler (11) in sequence and then extends into the casting mold (10), and the dummy head of the dummy bar (12) is tightly attached to the inner wall of the corresponding part of the casting mold (10); melting a pure aluminum raw material into a pure aluminum melt with the temperature of 780 ℃ in a melting furnace (2), and enabling the pure aluminum melt to flow into a holding furnace (4) from the melting furnace (2) through a launder (3); presetting a decompression speed of 500Pa/s in an air extraction system (7), starting the air extraction system (7), and extracting air from a closed cavity formed by the guide pipe (5), the drainage channel (8), the heat insulation structure (9) and the casting mold (10) to form negative pressure inside the closed cavity and generate pressure difference between the closed cavity and the outside; the pure aluminum melt in the holding furnace (4) is continuously pressed into the flow guide pipe (5) under the action of external air pressure, and the flow guide pipe (8), the heat insulation structure (9) and the casting mold (10) are gradually filled; when the liquid level height of the pure aluminum melt reaches the upper limit position of the temperature measuring device (6) pre-installed on the flow guide pipe (5), the air exhaust system (7) automatically stops air exhaust, and when the liquid level height of the pure aluminum melt drops to the lower limit position of the temperature measuring device (6) pre-installed on the flow guide pipe (5), the air exhaust system (7) automatically starts air exhaust; under the isolation action of the heat insulation structure (9) on the drainage channel (8) and the casting mold (10), the temperature of the casting mold (10) is accurately controlled to be 600 ℃; under the forced cooling action of a cooler (11) with the temperature of cooling water of 20 ℃ and the flow of cooling water of 600L/h, the pure aluminum melt is solidified inside the casting mould (10); under the drive of a dummy bar (12) and a traction mechanism (13), continuous casting forming is carried out at a blank drawing speed of 80mm/min, and a high-quality pure aluminum bar blank with bright surface, compact interior, low gas content, columnar crystal structure with high orientation degree along the blank drawing direction and 15mm diameter is obtained.
Claims (9)
1. A negative pressure continuous casting device is characterized by comprising a melting furnace (2), a launder (3), a holding furnace (4), a flow guide pipe (5), a temperature measuring device (6), an air exhaust system (7), a flow guide channel (8), a heat insulation structure (9), a casting mold (10), a cooler (11), a dummy bar (12) and a traction mechanism (13); the melting furnace (2) and the holding furnace (4) are arranged in parallel and are communicated with each other through a launder (3); one end of the flow guide pipe (5) is inserted into the bottom of the heat preservation furnace (4), and the other end is communicated with the air extraction system (7); the temperature measuring device (6) is arranged at one end of the guide pipe (5) connected with the air extraction system (7) and is used for monitoring the height of the liquid level of the metal melt (1) rising into the guide pipe (5); the drainage channel (8) is arranged on the side surface of the draft tube (5), and two ends of the drainage channel are respectively connected with the draft tube (5) and the casting mold (10); the drainage channel (8) and the casting mould (10) are separated by a heat insulation structure (9), and the drainage channel (8), the heat insulation structure (9) and the casting mould (10) are of an integrated structure; the cooler (11) is arranged near the outlet of the casting mould (10) and used for forcibly cooling the metal casting blank; a traction mechanism (13) is arranged behind the cooler (11) along the drawing direction of the metal casting blank, so that the metal casting blank is continuously drawn; the casting mould (10), the cooler (11) and the traction mechanism (13) are distributed on the same axis along the drawing direction of the metal casting blank; one end of a dummy bar (12) extends into the casting mould (10) and the cooler (11), and the other end of the dummy bar is matched with a traction mechanism (13) to realize the traction of the metal casting blank;
the casting mould (10) and the cooler (11) are designed into an integral structure, and are separated by a heat insulation pad.
2. The negative pressure continuous casting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the melting furnace (2) is installed at an upper side of the holding furnace (4), and the flow rate of the molten metal (1) flowing into the holding furnace (4) from the melting furnace (2) is controlled by a stopper rod.
3. The negative pressure continuous casting device according to claim 1, wherein the melting furnace (2) and the holding furnace (4) are placed in an environment protected by air, vacuum, nitrogen or inert gas, and the casting mold (10) is any one of a cooling casting mold, a heating casting mold, a two-phase zone casting mold, a low-heat casting mold, a gradient temperature casting mold, a hot-cold combination casting mold or a temperature control casting mold; the draft tube (5) is connected with 1-100 sets of continuous casting components consisting of a drainage channel (8), a heat insulation structure (9), a casting mold (10) and a cooler (11), and the negative pressure continuous casting device comprises 1-100 draft tubes (5).
4. The negative pressure continuous casting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a tundish is used instead of the melting furnace (2) to continuously and rapidly supply the molten metal (1) for efficient continuous production.
5. A negative pressure continuous casting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a packing is provided on the inner wall of the outlet of the cooler (11) to prevent the outside air from entering between the dummy bar (12) and the cooler (11) or between the metal strand and the cooler (11).
6. The negative pressure continuous casting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a secondary cooler is provided between the cooler (11) and the drawing mechanism (13).
7. The negative pressure continuous casting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cooler (11) is eliminated.
8. The negative pressure continuous casting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the negative pressure continuous casting apparatus is controlled manually or by a computer, and is of any one of a horizontal type, a down-drawing type and an up-drawing type.
9. A negative pressure continuous casting method using the negative pressure continuous casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the preparation process comprises: one end of a dummy bar (12) penetrates through the traction mechanism (13) and the cooler (11) in sequence and then extends into the casting mold (10), and the dummy head of the dummy bar (12) is tightly attached to the inner wall of the corresponding part of the casting mold (10); the metal raw material is melted into a metal melt (1) in a melting furnace (2), and the metal melt (1) flows into a holding furnace (4) from the melting furnace (2) through a launder (3); presetting a decompression speed in an air extraction system (7), starting the air extraction system (7), and extracting air from a closed cavity formed by the guide pipe (5), the drainage channel (8), the heat insulation structure (9) and the casting mold (10) to form negative pressure inside the closed cavity and generate pressure difference between the closed cavity and the outside; the metal melt (1) in the holding furnace (4) is continuously pressed into the flow guide pipe (5) under the action of external air pressure, and the flow guide channel (8), the heat insulation structure (9) and the casting mold (10) are gradually filled; when the liquid level height of the metal melt (1) reaches the upper limit position of the temperature measuring device (6) pre-installed on the flow guide pipe (5), the air exhaust system (7) automatically stops air exhaust, and when the liquid level height of the metal melt (1) falls to the lower limit position of the temperature measuring device (6) pre-installed on the flow guide pipe (5), the air exhaust system (7) automatically starts air exhaust; under the isolation action of the heat insulation structure (9) on the drainage channel (8) and the casting mold (10), the temperature of the casting mold (10) is accurately controlled; under the forced cooling action of the cooler (11), the metal melt (1) is solidified in the casting mould (10) or near the outlet; under the drive of a dummy bar (12) and a traction mechanism (13), continuous casting forming is carried out to obtain a high-quality metal casting blank with low gas content; the cooling rate required by the metal casting blank is controlled by the drawing speed of the drawing mechanism (13), the cooling intensity of the cooler (11) and the temperature of the casting mould (10).
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| CN201810637816.3A CN108817339B (en) | 2018-06-20 | 2018-06-20 | Negative pressure continuous casting device and negative pressure continuous casting method |
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| CN108817339B true CN108817339B (en) | 2020-04-14 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR394099A (en) * | 1907-09-11 | 1909-01-14 | Mathieu Douteur | Manufacturing and handling process for ingots |
| GB1493572A (en) * | 1973-10-04 | 1977-11-30 | Davy Int Ltd | Continuous casting apparatus |
| SE430662B (en) * | 1982-03-11 | 1983-12-05 | Korshunov Evgeny | METHOD STRUCTURE METAL |
| SE430571B (en) * | 1982-04-07 | 1983-11-28 | Korshunov Evgeny | Method and layout for continuous casting of metal |
| CN2182013Y (en) * | 1994-02-22 | 1994-11-09 | 山东省烟台造锁总厂 | Level continuous suction pouring apparatus |
| DE19523715C1 (en) * | 1995-06-22 | 1996-10-10 | Mannesmann Ag | Horizontal continuous casting plant giving improved level measurement |
| DE19758142A1 (en) * | 1997-12-19 | 1999-07-01 | Mannesmann Ag | Device for supplying molten metal |
| CN1132710C (en) * | 2001-03-22 | 2003-12-31 | 上海交通大学 | Horizontal conticaster dedicated for Mg-alloy |
| CN107790658B (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2019-06-18 | 江西理工大学 | One Albatra metal vacuum continuous smelting casting method |
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