CN108817316A - A kind of sand mold classifying method of gear box casing casting - Google Patents
A kind of sand mold classifying method of gear box casing casting Download PDFInfo
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- CN108817316A CN108817316A CN201810694405.8A CN201810694405A CN108817316A CN 108817316 A CN108817316 A CN 108817316A CN 201810694405 A CN201810694405 A CN 201810694405A CN 108817316 A CN108817316 A CN 108817316A
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
- B22C9/103—Multipart cores
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
Abstract
The present invention relates to the sand mold classifying methods by the molding gear box casing casting of 3D printing a kind of in casting sand mold design field,The sand mold of the gear box casing casting is formed using 3D printing,When sand mold is arranged,The central axis of casting axis body is arranged in horizontal direction,Casting sand mold is divided into sand mold from the top down,Middle sand mold and lower sand mold,The middle sand mold and lower sand mold correspond to the left sand mold and right sand mold that the two sides between casting axis body and pedestal are embedded with insert structure respectively,The left sand mold and right sand mold are respectively used for forming the appearance profile of axis body Yu pedestal transition junction,The middle sand mold includes the profile of the inside and outside contour of the whole central spindle to form casting axis body inner cavity and the flange end at axis body both ends and the concave inward structure of flange end horizontal direction,The upper sand mold is used to form the outer profile of the axis body of one or more die joint,The lower sand mold is used to form the curved profile structure of pedestal bottom profile and bottom vertical direction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to casting sand mold design fields, in particular to one kind is by the molding gear box casing of 3D printing
The sand mold classifying method of casting.
Background technique
Our company's production and a kind of gear box casing are to install and support gearbox whole zero as shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 3
The important feature of part and storage lubricating oil, appearance structure and internal structure are extremely complex, and wall thickness variation is big, dimensional accuracy, same
Axis degree, form tolerance and surface roughness etc. require height, and manufacture difficulty is big, production process is many and diverse.The transmission housing this casting master
Body structure includes an axis body 1 and pedestal 2, and there are communication port at two, and axis body and seat in axis body 1 and the inside of 2 connecting portion of pedestal
The transition junction 3 of body is respectively equipped with the thin portion structure of several convex-concaves, and axis body is important flange end 1A, axis along axial both ends
There are also the shaft shoulder 1B and key position of one of convex, the surfaces externally and internally of axis body 1 and pedestal 2 has respectively many does not advise the inside of body 1
Convex-concave position then, pedestal are respectively equipped with several irregular shape blind hole structures along axial both ends, and pedestal bottom end 2A also is provided with
Several downwardly open hole shell structures.
Above-mentioned gear box casing casting is high to internal quality requirement, and size and appearance requirement are stringent, so such casting master
Will be based on compression casting, and in traditional sand casting, since structure is complicated, convex-concave structure is many inside central axis, therefore,
Center central spindle cannot be designed to same sand core, and the central shaft hole concentricity of casting not can guarantee, coremaking and group type operation difficulty be big,
Process is complicated, and production operation requirement is cumbersome, and shift probability is high, and the visual quality of casting is poor, the important machined surface and axis body two of casting
The quality of the key positions such as the flange end at end is also unable to get guarantee.Simultaneously because casting structure is complicated, deposited in parting design
In more die joint, part sand mould structure is weak, can not fix well, position and is easy hair when not buried case casting
The problems such as raw type that rises, runout.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is complicated for gear box casing casting structure in the prior art, sand mold and sand core in traditional casting technique
The problem of quantity is more, and parting is complicated, and the fixed difficulty of each sand mold is big, is easy to happen the type that rises, runout and all kinds of casting flaws, provide one
The classifying method of kind gear box casing casting, it is a kind of for the molding casting sand type of 3D printing to design, to reduce sand mold number
Amount, to simplify group type operating process, raising group type precision, the process that is loaded after simplifying group type effectively avoids the hair such as type, runout that rises
Life rate.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of classifying method of gear box casing casting, the gear box casing
The sand mold of casting using 3D printing form, sand mold be arranged when, the central axis of casting axis body is arranged in horizontal direction, casting sand mold from
On be divided into sand mold, middle sand mold and lower sand mold downwards, the central axis institute of the die joint one of the upper sand mold and middle sand mold along axis body
It is horizontally arranged, the die joint two of the lower sand mold and middle sand mold is arranged along pedestal bottom surface；The middle sand mold includes shape
At the inside and outside contour of the flange end of the whole central spindle and axis body both ends of casting axis body inner cavity and the indent knot of flange end horizontal direction
The profile of structure, the upper sand mold are used to form the outer profile of the axis body of one or more die joint, the upper sand mold top be equipped with riser,
Exhaust outlet and sprue gate, the lower sand mold are used to form the curved profile structure of pedestal bottom profile and bottom vertical direction, institute
It states sand mold and lower sand mold corresponds to left sand mold and right sand that the two sides between casting axis body and pedestal are embedded with insert structure respectively
Type, the left sand mold and right sand mold are respectively used for forming the appearance profile of axis body Yu pedestal transition junction.
Casting sand mold is formed by 3D printing, sand mold is integrated by the classifying method of gear box casing casting of the invention
Parting be upper sand mold, in lower sand mold, lower sand mold, left sand mold and right sand mold totally five big sand mould structures, greatly reduce sand mold quantity,
The sand mold and sand core structure of many labyrinths are integrated in the same sand mold, without considering molding and removing material when each sand mold parting
Problem will form the complicated sand mold collection of the central spindle of casting axis body centre bore, the flange arrangement at central spindle both ends according to the structure of casting
On Cheng Zhong sand mold, the outer profile structure of the axis body of one or more die joint is concentrated in upper sand mold, by the complexity of pedestal bottom
The profile sand mold of structure concentrates in lower sand mold, realizes and integrates the multiple sand mould structures of forming, above-mentioned sand mould structure in a sand mold
The die joint of middle main body sand mold only has die joint one and die joint 2 two, respectively along the horizontal plane and pedestal where central shaft hole
Horizontal plane where baseplane greatly reduces the quantity of die joint, reduces the type that rises, the Probability of runout, and by upper
Classifying method is stated, casting water central shaft hole is horizontally disposed when in conjunction with casting, and pedestal bottom end is down-set, and rationally setting emits at the top of axis body
Mouth and exhaust structure are conducive to the feeding of molten metal when casting, the floating and discharge of gas, impurity etc., to guarantee in casting
The quality in portion, meanwhile, above-mentioned classifying method is also beneficial to the cleaning at each profile position in sand mold, and coating when flow coat is avoided to occur
Accumulation；Since in casting structure, there are the thin portion structure of several irregular convex-concaves in the two sides of axis body and seat shell transition connection portion position, it is
Just the upper position corresponds to cleaning and the flow coat of sand mold inner cavity, and parting in the position therefrom sand mold is gone out left sand mold and right sand mold, uses
In the external structure for forming axis body and seat shell transition connection portion position two sides.Therefore, above-mentioned classifying method through the invention, will answer
The sand mold parting of miscellaneous casting structure is above-mentioned five big sand mould structures, and each sand mould structure integrates the sand mould structure at multiple positions.
For being coupled convenient for left sand mold and right sand mold and middle sand mold, the left sand mold and right sand mold therefrom sand mold respectively
Lower section be embedded in upwards in sand mold corresponding position, left sand mold and right sand mold lower part insertion with lower sand mold in, between lower sand mold
Die joint three is formed, left sand mold is concordant with die joint one with the upside of right sand mold, and the outer lower portion of left sand mold and right sand mold is equipped with
The head core of sand mold outer lower portion in insertion, the position cooperation that the middle sand mold corresponds to head core are equipped with the embedded groove of fovea superior, the left side
Sand mold and the upward bit embedded portion of right sand mold also form the outer profile at the corresponding axis body position in part.Left sand mold and right sand of the invention
In type, insertion is coupled into middle sand mold upwards, and embedded core print fit structure, realizes left sand mold and right sand mold in
Fixed installation can be realized in sand mold after being coupled, simple mould assembly process improves mould assembly precision.
It is accurate to improve mould assembly, it effectively prevent each die joint position to run away, the parting position of the upper sand mold and middle sand mold
The parting position of the snap fastener one of male-female equipped with anti-runout structure, middle sand mold and lower sand mold also is provided with anti-runout structure
The parting position of the snap fastener two of male-female, the left sand mold and right sand mold and lower sand mold also is provided with the primary and secondary of male-female
Button three, the die joint three between the left sand mold and right sand mold and lower sand mold is located at same level.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the invention, it is equipped at corresponding die joint one on the upside of the middle sand mold and forms snap fastener
One lower concave part is equipped with the lower protrusion for forming snap fastener one at corresponding die joint one on the downside of the upper sand mold；The middle sand mold
Downside corresponds to the lower protrusion that composition snap fastener two is equipped at die joint two, is equipped with group at corresponding die joint two on the upside of the lower sand mold
At the lower concave part of snap fastener two；The die joint three is concordant with the bottom of the lower concave part of snap fastener two, and left sand mold and right sand
Type is equipped with the lower protrusion of downwardly convex composition snap fastener three along die joint three, and the corresponding position of lower sand mold is equipped with and snap fastener three
The lower concave part of lower protrusion cooperation.
In the present invention, being formed after the upper sand mold, middle sand mold, lower sand sand mold, left sand mold and right sand mold mould assembly has centainly
Mold thickness sand mold is whole, and in the present invention, the firm sand mold that is loaded after mould assembly is whole, no longer needs to fill out case, can be directly poured.
It is corresponding after the upper sand mold, middle sand mold and lower sand mold mould assembly to eat sand for convenient for the fixation that is loaded after sand mold mould assembly
The surrounding at position is respectively equipped with the tie rod hole of several vertical directions through each sand mold, and the tie rod hole is used for through pull rod with solid
Fixed each sand mold.
For the handling convenient for sand mold, the periphery of the upper sand mold, middle sand mold and lower sand mold symmetry direction, which is respectively equipped with, to be convenient for
Handle is hung in sand mold handling.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the perspective view one of gear box casing casting（It is projected from oblique upper）.
Fig. 2 is the perspective view two of gear box casing casting（It is projected from obliquely downward）.
Fig. 3 is the main view along flange extreme direction of gear box casing casting.
Perspective view schematic diagram after the sand mould structure mould assembly of gear box casing casting Fig. 4 of the invention.
Fig. 5 is the perspective view of the explosion one after the sand mould structure mould assembly of gear box casing casting of the invention.
Fig. 6 is the perspective view of the explosion two after the sand mould structure mould assembly of gear box casing casting of the invention.
Fig. 7 is the stereoscopic schematic diagram of upper sand mold.
Fig. 8 is the stereoscopic schematic diagram one of middle sand mold（It is projected from oblique upper）.
Fig. 9 is the stereoscopic schematic diagram two of middle sand mold（It is projected from obliquely downward）.
Figure 10 is the main view of middle sand mold.
Figure 11 is the top view of middle sand mold.
Figure 12 is the perspective view of right sand mold（It is projected from oblique upper）.
Figure 13 is the main view of right sand mold.
Figure 14 is the perspective view of lower sand mold（It is projected from oblique upper）.
Figure 15 is the main view of lower sand mold.
Wherein, 1 axis body；1A flange end；The 1B shaft shoulder；2 seat shells；2A pedestal bottom end；The transition junction of 3 axis bodies and seat shell；
Sand mold on 4；4A exhaust outlet, 4B riser；The sprue gate 4C；Protrusion under 4D；4E hangs handle；Sand mold in 5；5A lower concave part；5B central spindle 5C is hung
?；Protrusion under 5D；5E embedded groove；6 lower sand molds；6A lower concave part；6B hangs handle；6C sand core；7 left sand molds, 8 right sand molds；It is convex under 8A
Portion；8B core print；9 die joints one；10 die joints two；11 die joints three.
Specific embodiment
It is the sand mould structure in the classifying method of gear box casing casting of the invention, gearbox as shown in Fig. 4-Figure 15
The sand mold of shell casting is formed using 3D printing, and when sand mold is arranged, the central axis of casting axis body 1 is arranged in horizontal direction, casting
Sand mold is divided into sand mold 4, middle sand mold 5 and lower sand mold 6 from the top down, and the die joint 1 of upper sand mold 4 and middle sand mold 5 is along axis body 1
Horizontally arranged where central axis, the die joint 2 10 of lower sand mold 6 and middle sand mold 5 is arranged along 2 baseplane of pedestal；This implementation
In example, middle sand mold 5 includes the interior foreign steamer of the whole central spindle 5B for forming 1 inner cavity profile of casting axis body and the flange end 1A at axis body both ends
The profile of wide and flange end horizontal direction concave inward structure, upper sand mold 4 are used to form the foreign steamer of the axis body of one 9 or more die joint
Exterior feature, the also main phoenix in the top of upper sand mold 4 have riser 4B, exhaust outlet 4A and sprue gate 4C, and corresponding each sand mold is vertical downwards for note cast gate
Direction is additionally provided with each running channel of running gate system, and lower sand mold 6 is used to form the profile of 2 bottom of pedestal and the indent of bottom vertical direction
The two sides difference at the position of the transition junction 3 of the axis body and pedestal of the corresponding casting of contour structure, middle sand mold 5 and lower sand mold 6 is embedding
Left sand mold 7 and right sand mold 8 equipped with insert structure, left sand mold 7 and right sand mold 8 are respectively used for forming the axis body and pedestal of casting
The appearance profile of transition junction 3.
For being coupled convenient for left sand mold 7 and right sand mold 8 and middle sand mold 5, in the present invention, left sand mold 7 and right sand mold 8 divide
Not therefrom the lower section of sand mold 5 be embedded in upwards in sand mold 5 corresponding position, the low portion of left sand mold 7 and right sand mold 8 is embedded in lower sand
In type 6, the outer lower portion of left sand mold 7 and right sand mold 8 is equipped with the head core 7B and core print 8B of sand mold outer lower portion in insertion, middle sand mold
The position cooperation of 5 corresponding cores is equipped with the embedded groove 5E of fovea superior, and lower 6 corresponding position of sand mold is equipped with recessed embedded groove 6D, and
The baseplane embedded groove 6D shape forming surface 3 11, left sand mold 7 and the upside of right sand mold 8 are concordant with die joint 1, left sand mold 7 and the right side
The upward bit embedded portion of sand mold 8 also forms the outer profile at the corresponding axis body position in part.The left sand mold 7 and right sand mold 8 of the present embodiment
In, be partially submerged into downwards in lower sand mold 6 in sand mold 5 in insertion when to top bar, make left sand mold and right sand mold and middle sand mold 7 and
The fixed installation of each sand mold can be achieved in lower sand mold 8 after being coupled, simplify mould assembly process, improves mould assembly precision.
It is accurate to improve mould assembly, it effectively prevent each die joint position to run away, in the present invention, point of upper sand mold 4 and middle sand mold 5
Type face is equipped with the snap fastener one of the male-female of anti-runout structure, also is provided with anti-race on middle sand mold 5 and the die joint of lower sand mold 6
The parting position of the snap fastener two of the male-female of fiery structure, left sand mold 7 and right sand mold 8 and lower sand mold 6 also is provided with male-female
Snap fastener three, the die joint three between left sand mold 7 and right sand mold 8 and lower sand mold 6 is located at same level.Specific to this implementation
In example, the lower concave part 5A of composition snap fastener one is equipped on the upside of middle sand mold 5 at corresponding die joint 1, upper 4 downside of sand mold is corresponding
The lower protrusion 4D of composition snap fastener one is equipped at die joint 1；It is corresponded on the downside of middle sand mold 5 and is equipped with composition snap fastener at die joint two
Two lower protrusion 5D corresponds to the lower concave part 6a that composition snap fastener two is equipped at die joint two on the upside of lower sand mold 6；Die joint three and son
The bottom of the lower protrusion 5D of female thread two is concordant, and left sand mold 7 and right sand mold 8 are equipped with downwardly convex composition primary and secondary along die joint three
The lower protrusion 8A (or lower protrusion 7A) of button three, the corresponding position of lower sand mold 6 be equipped with cooperate with the lower protrusion of snap fastener three it is recessed
Portion.
In the sand mould structure of classifying method of the invention, upper sand mold 4, middle sand mold 5, lower sand mold 6, left sand mold 7 and right sand mold 8
Being formed after mould assembly has certain mold thickness sand mold whole, for convenient for the fixation that is loaded after sand mold mould assembly, upper sand mold 4,5 and of middle sand mold
The corresponding surrounding for eating sand position is respectively equipped with the tie rod hole of several vertical directions through each sand mold after lower 6 mould assembly of sand mold, draws
Rod aperture is used for through pull rod with each sand mold of fixation.Respectively arranged snap fastener fit structure at each die joint after mould assembly, with closing
It states pull rod to be loaded structure, whole sand mold is solid and reliable, no longer needs to add sand and fills out case, can be directly poured.
In addition, for the handling convenient for sand mold, in the present embodiment, upper sand mold 4, middle sand mold 5 and lower 6 symmetry direction of sand mold it is outer
Side is respectively equipped with hanging a 4E, hang a 4E, hang a 5C and 6B convenient for sand mold handling.
Casting sand mold is formed by 3D printing, sand mold is integrated by the classifying method of gear box casing casting of the invention
Parting is upper sand mold 4, middle sand mold 5, lower sand mold 6, left sand mold 7 and right sand mold 8 totally five big sand mould structure, is divided in each sand mould structure
The sand mold and sand core structure for not integrating multiple complexity, greatly reduce sand mold quantity, when each sand mold parting without consider molding and
Material problem is removed, according to the structure of casting, the complexity of the central spindle of casting axis body centre bore, the flange end structure at central spindle both ends will be formed
Sand mold is integrated on middle sand mold 5, and the outer profile structure of the axis body 1 of one 9 or more die joint is concentrated in upper sand mold, by pedestal 2
The sand mold and sand core of the labyrinth of bottom concentrate in lower sand mold, realize and integrate the multiple sand molds of forming and sand core in a sand mold
Structure, the die joint of main body sand mold only has die joint 1 and die joint 29 two in above-mentioned sand mould structure, respectively along central axis
The horizontal plane where horizontal plane and pedestal baseplane where hole, greatly reduces the quantity of die joint, reduces the type that rises, runout
Probability, and by above-mentioned classifying method, casting central shaft hole is horizontally disposed when in conjunction with casting, and pedestal bottom end is to dividing into
It sets, and riser and exhaust structure is rationally set at the top of axis body, be conducive to the feeding of molten metal when casting, gas, impurity etc.
It floats and is discharged, thus guarantee the quality of cast-internal, meanwhile, above-mentioned classifying method is also beneficial to each profile position in sand mold
Cleaning, avoid coating when flow coat from accumulating；Due in casting structure, if the two sides of axis body and seat shell transition connection portion position have
The thin portion structure of irregular convex-concave is done, for cleaning and the flow coat for corresponding to sand mold inner cavity convenient for the position, by the position therefrom sand mold 5
Middle parting goes out left sand mold 7 and right sand mold 8, is used to form the external structure of axis body and seat shell transition connection portion position two sides, in order to
The painting stream of complicated cavity contoured surface and sand removal operation in the position.Therefore, above-mentioned classifying method through the invention, by complexity
The sand mold parting of casting structure is above-mentioned five big sand mould structures, and each sand mould structure integrates the sand mould structure at multiple positions.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of sand mold classifying method of gear box casing casting, which is characterized in that the sand mold of the gear box casing casting is adopted
It is formed with 3D printing, when sand mold is arranged, the central axis of casting axis body is arranged in horizontal direction, and casting sand mold is divided into from the top down
Horizontal direction where central axis of the die joint one of sand mold, middle sand mold and lower sand mold, the upper sand mold and middle sand mold along axis body
The die joint two of setting, the lower sand mold and middle sand mold is arranged along pedestal bottom surface；The middle sand mold includes being formed in casting axis body
The profile of the concave inward structure of the inside and outside contour and flange end horizontal direction of the flange end of the whole central spindle and axis body both ends of chamber, it is described
Upper sand mold is used to form the outer profile of the axis body of one or more die joint, and the upper sand mold top is equipped with riser, exhaust outlet and casting
Mouthful, the lower sand mold is used to form the curved profile structure of pedestal bottom profile and bottom vertical direction, and the middle sand mold is under
Sand mold corresponds to the left sand mold and right sand mold that the two sides between casting axis body and pedestal are embedded with insert structure respectively, the left sand mold
The appearance profile of axis body Yu pedestal transition junction is respectively used for forming with right sand mold.
2. the sand mold classifying method of gear box casing casting according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the left sand mold and
Right sand mold respectively therefrom the lower section of sand mold be embedded in upwards in sand mold corresponding position, left sand mold and the insertion of right sand mold lower part and lower sand
In type, die joint three is formed between lower sand mold, left sand mold is concordant with die joint one with the upside of right sand mold, left sand mold and right sand
The outer lower portion of type is equipped with the head core of sand mold outer lower portion in insertion, and the position cooperation that the middle sand mold corresponds to head core is equipped with fovea superior
Embedded groove, the left sand mold and the upward bit embedded portion of right sand mold also form the outer profile at the corresponding axis body position in part.
3. the sand mold classifying method of gear box casing casting according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the upper sand mold with
The parting position of middle sand mold is equipped with the snap fastener one of the male-female of anti-runout structure, the parting position of middle sand mold and lower sand mold
The parting position of the snap fastener two of male-female equipped with anti-runout structure, the left sand mold and right sand mold and lower sand mold is also set
There is the snap fastener three of male-female, the die joint three between the left sand mold and right sand mold and lower sand mold is located at same level.
4. the sand mold classifying method of gear box casing casting according to claim 3, which is characterized in that on the middle sand mold
It is equipped with the lower concave part for forming snap fastener one at the corresponding die joint one in side, is equipped at corresponding die joint one on the downside of the upper sand mold
Form the lower protrusion of snap fastener one；The lower protrusion of composition snap fastener two, institute are equipped on the downside of the middle sand mold at corresponding die joint two
State the lower concave part for being equipped with composition snap fastener two on the upside of lower sand mold at corresponding die joint two；Under the die joint three and snap fastener two
The bottom of recess portion is concordant, and left sand mold and right sand mold are equipped with the lower protrusion of downwardly convex composition snap fastener three along die joint three,
The corresponding position of lower sand mold is equipped with the lower concave part cooperated with the lower protrusion of snap fastener three.
5. the sand mold classifying method of described in any item gear box casing casting according to claim 1-4, which is characterized in that institute
It is formed after stating sand mold, middle sand mold, lower sand mold, left sand mold and right sand mold mould assembly with certain mold thickness sand mold entirety, without adding
Sand buries case and is directly poured.
6. the classifying method of gear box casing casting described according to claim 1-4, which is characterized in that the upper sand mold, in
The corresponding surrounding for eating sand position is respectively equipped with the pull rod of several vertical directions through each sand mold after sand mold and lower sand mold mould assembly
Hole, the tie rod hole are used for through pull rod with each sand mold of fixation.
7. the sand mold classifying method of gear box casing casting described according to claim 1-4, which is characterized in that the upper sand
The periphery of type, middle sand mold and lower sand mold symmetry direction, which is laterally respectively equipped with, hangs handle convenient for sand mold handling.
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| CN201810694405.8A CN108817316A (en) | 2018-06-29 | 2018-06-29 | A kind of sand mold classifying method of gear box casing casting |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113523183A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2021-10-22 | 烟台冰轮智能机械科技有限公司 | Flat-seat vertical casting parting die for volute products and technological method |
| CN114749603A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-07-15 | 合肥江淮铸造有限责任公司 | Casting and pouring system for gearbox shell |
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Application publication date: 20181116 |